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考试注意事项整个试卷共120题,听力部分有30道题,长度约25分钟,该部分结束后立即开始语法词汇部分,然后是填充部分和阅读部分。
这三部分时间统用,共80分钟。
听力录音长度约21分钟,共30题,其中10题有惩罚措施:做对得1分,做错扣0.5分。
因此建议:不要做没有把握的题。
阅读部分中第111-120题亦有惩罚措施:做对得1分;做错扣1分。
请先下载听力试题的声音文件(MP3格式。
按鼠标右键,用―目标另存为...‖将声音文件下载到硬盘上,然后用相关软件播放。
试题的标准答案附在最后。
请自己核对答案。
最终成绩的换算表:Part I Listening Comprehension (听力理解每个正确答案乘以 1Part II Grammar and Vocabulary (语法、词汇每个正确答案乘以 0.6Part III Cloze (填充每个正确答案乘以 0.8Part IV Reading Comprehension (阅读理解每个正确答案乘以 1四项换算后的成绩之和为总分。
满分为100分。
录取等级参考标准如下:高级班:65分以上中级班:50-64分准中级班:35-49分基础班:20-34分Part I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections :In this section, you will hear 10 short statements. The statements will be spoken just once. They will not be written out for you, and you must listen carefully in order to understand what the speaker says.When you hear a statement, you will have a period of 15 to 20 seconds to read the four sentences in your test book and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the problem and mark your answer by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Listen to the following example:You will hear:You will read:[A] He's been living in Beijing for a long time.[B] He used to live in Beijing.[C] He's gone to Beijing for a short visit.[D] He should stay longer in Beijing,Sentence [B] "He used to live in Beijing" is closest in meaning to the statement "He is no longer living in Beijing." Therefore you should choose answer [B].1. [A] Tom is riding a bike.[B] The bike is upside down.[C] Tom is repairing the bike.[D] Tom is cleaning his bike.2. [A] Professor Graff doesn't usually write on the blackboard.[B] Students are rarely bored in Professor Grafts class.[C] The professor uses graphs when she lectures.[D] Students in the graphic arts course don't take notes.3. [A] They are with them.[B] It is with them.[C] They are with her.[D] He is with her.4. [A] I passed the test because I studied hard.[B] I won't do well on the test if I don't study.[C] I failed the test because I didn't study enough.[D] I'll study hard so I can pass the test.5. [A] How long is the school term?[B] Why did you turn over the stool?[C] I wish I know how to get to the dormitory.[D] I want the term to end soon.6. [A] The boat owner must be rich.[B] This man must be the owner.[C] Those men are both rich.[D] The boat has a monkey on it.7. [A] Alice answered Jean's question.[B] Alice allowed Jean to respond.[C] Jean's response was questionable.[D] Alice accepted the answer.8.[A] Bob bought a new pair of sandals.[B] Bob's sandals were fixed.[C] The shoemaker only made sandals.[D] The shoemaker wore sandals.9.[A] We have to go to a party after work.[B] We are going to have a party when the house has been painted.[C] We went to a huge party after the house was painted.[D] We'll go to the party if the house is painted.10. [A] They read about the invention in the news report.[B] The inventor wrote an interesting news report.[C] A reporter asked the inventor some questions.[D] The reporter was watching the news.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. You will hear the question only once. When you have heard the question, you will have a period of 15 to 20 seconds to read the four possible answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] and decide which is the best answer. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example :You will hear:'You will read:[A] At the office.[B] On his way to work.[C] Home in bed.[D] Away on vacation.From the conversation, we know that Bill is sick and will have to stay in bed until Monday. The best answer, then, is [C] "Home in bed." Therefore, you should choose answer [C].11. [A] On the steps.[B] By the window.[C] At s store.[D]In a bank.12. [A] It's almost time for lunch.[B] Only a few strawberries will be eaten at lunch.[C] There are just enough strawberries for lunch.[D] There won't be many people for lunch.13.[A] No one knows how Mary gets to work.[B] It's surprising that Mary could repair the record player.[C] She threw the old records away.[D] She doesn't think the record player works.14. [A] In a railroad station.[B] In a bus terminal.[C] In a restaurant.[D] In a hotel room.15. [A] At the information desk.[B] On the platform.[C] On the train.[D] Near the stairs.16. [A] Eighteen.[B] Nineteen.[C] Twenty.[D] Twenty-eight.17. [A] He gave homework.[B] He prepared a test.[C] He opened the book to page 20.[D] He went to the cinema.18. [A] He doesn't understand the question.[B] He will definitely not lend her the money.[C] He will lend her the money.[D] He might lend her the money.19. [A] She lost her money.[B] The price of postage went up.[C] She didn't know where the post office.[D] The post office was closed today.20. [A] Zero.[B] One.[C]Two.[D] Three.Section CDirections :In this section you will hear several brief talks and/or conversations. You will hear them once only. After each one, you will hear some questions. You will hear each question once only. After you hear the question, you will have 1 5 to 20 seconds to choose the best answer from the four choices given. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.21. [A] A person's character.[B] A person's voice characteristics.[C] A person's health.[D] A person's profession.22. [A] The strength of the speaker.[B] The force of air that comes from the lungs.[C] The weight of the speaker.[D] The height of the speaker.23. [A] The highness or lowness of sounds.[B] The loudness of sounds.[C] The force of sounds.[D] The speed of sounds.24. [A] The Student Activities Office will open.[B] Seniors will measure their heads.[C] Students will order new school hats.[D] Seniors will graduate.25. [A] All students[B] All seniors[C] All graduating seniors[D] All faculty26. [A] What kind of ceremony there will be[B] How to order the graduation outfit[C] How much to pay for the clothes[D] Where to go for graduation27. [A] Rent them[B] Buy them[C] Clean them[D] Measure them28. [A] Michael Jackson.[B] Muhammad Ali[C] A very famous actor.[D] A very famous and powerful president.29. [A] He was a gold medal winner in Olympics.[B] He is the younger brother of Michael Jackson.[C] He had some influence on the president of the U.S.[D] He is quite popular with the American young people today.30. [A] They usually don't live long.[B] They usually are quickly forgotten by the public.[C] They don't know where to hide themselves.[D] They are usually very fat.Part II Grammatical Structure and Vocabulary(30 minutesSection ADirections :There are 10 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example: I have been to the Great Wall three times ___ 1979.[A] from[B] after[C] for[D] sinceThe sentence should read, "I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979." Therefore you should choose [D].31. Those foreign visitors look very ____.[A] smartly[B] wildly[C] like friends[D] friendly32.It ____ every day so far this month.[A] is raining[B] rains[C] has rained[D] rained33. James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ____ until yesterday.[A] will come[B] was coming[C] had been coming[D] came34. She ought to ___ my letter a week ago. But she was busy with her work.[A] have answered[B] answering[C] answer[D] be answered35. The house ____ windows are broken is unoccupied.[A] its[B] whose[C] which[D] those36. _____ of gold in California caused many people to travel west in hope of becoming rich.[A] The discovering[B] To discover[C] The discovery[D] On discovering37. _____ the Wright brothers successfully flew their airplane.[A] The century was beginning[B] It was the beginning of the century[C] At the beginning of the century[D] The beginning of the century38. After a brief visit to New Orleans,____.[A] returning to New York and beginning to write his greatest poetry did Walt . Whitman.[B] Walt Whitman returned to New York and began to write his greatest poetry.[C] Walt Whitman was writing his greatest poetry when he returned to New York.[D] having returned to New York Walt Whitman wrote his greatest poetry.39. We wish that you ____ such a lot of work , because we know that you would have enjoyed theparty.[A] hadn't had[B] hadn't[C] didn't have had[D] hadn't have40. Since your roommate is visiting her family this weekend, why_____ you have dinner with ustonight[A] will[B] won't[C]do[D] don'tSection BDirections :There are 10 sentences in this section. Each sentence has four parts underlined. The four underlined parts are marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example:A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition which they sawA B C Dmany new products.Answer [C] is wrong because the sentence should read, "A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition where they saw many new products." So you should choose[C].41. Thomas is most excellent in the family.A B C D42. By 1642 all towns in the colony of Massachusetts was required by law to have schools.A B C D43. Both moths and butterflies have a keen sense of sight, smell, and tasting.A B C D44.The plane took off after holding up for hours by fog.A B C D45. Smith sold most of his belongings. He has hardly nothing left in the house.A B C D46. The reason why I decided to come here is because this university has a goodA B CDepartment of English.D47.If he would have finished his paper a little sooner, he would have graduated this term.A B C D48. Most experts agree that there have never been such an exciting series ofA B Cbreakthroughs in the search for a cancer cure as we have seen recently.D49. If one does not have respect for himself, you cannot expect others to respect him.A B C D50. The South is mostly Democrat politically, when the North has both DemocratsA B C Dand Republicans.Section CDirections:There are 20 sentences in this section. Each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the one word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined part. Mark your choice on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example: The initial step is often the most difficult.[A] quickest[B] longest[C] last[D] firstThe best answer is [D] because "first" has the same meaning as "initial" in the sentence. Therefore you should choose [D].51. The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.[A] first[B] quickest[C] last[D] longest52. She is quiet and pious at church in the morning but gossips all afternoon.[A]gentle[B] smiling[C]joyful[D] devout53. The weatherman said, "It will be chilly this afternoon."[A] wet[B] turbid[C] hot[D] cold54. He walked to his bedroom cautiously because he heard strange sounds in it.[A] happily[B] carefully[C] curiously[D] noisily55. Apparently she never got my letter after all.[A] Evidently[B] Disappointedly[C] Luckily[D] Anxiously56. Placing tags on ducks and geese as they migrate is one method of studying the behavior of birds.[A] sleep for winter[B] move from one place to another[C] flee their enemies[D] search for food57. In September, 1835, Darwin's vessel arrived at the Galapagos Islands.[A] assistant[B] cargo[C] ship[D] gun58. Movie studios often boost a new star with guest appearances on television talk shows.[A] attack[B] watch[C] denounce[D] promote59. When products advertise extensively on television, they are often ridiculously overpriced.[A] inexpensive[B] costly[C] valueless[D] overabundant60. John and his brother have entirely different temperaments.[A] likings[B] dispositions[C] tastes[D] objectives61. Seeds are contained in the center of fleshy fruit such as apples and pears.[A] core[B] focus[C] nucleus[D] median62. One of the responsibilities of a forest ranger is to drive slowly through the area in search of animals in distress.[A] cruise[B] tiptoe[C] skid[D] mare63. Mrs. Palmer was offended by the clerk's mean remark.[A] tasty[B] nasty[C] misty[D] musty64. Most recipients of the peace prize are given the award in person, but sometimes the award is givenposthumously.[A] when the person is out of the country[B] after the person has died[C] to political prisoners[D] by mail65. Seeing the Grand Canyon from the air is a sight to behold.[A] hold upon[B] remember[C] anticipate[D] gaze upon66: Mythical creatures have been a part of the folklore of many cultures throughout the centuries.[A] Appealing[B] Magical[C] Legendary[D] Fighting67. Everyone would like a panacea for health problems.[A] protection against[B] advice for[C] a cure-all for[D] a decrease in68. In the fall it is gratifying to see stalks of wheat ready for harvest.[A] terrifying[B] satisfying[C] surprising[D] relaxing69. A bad winter storm can paralyse an urban area.[A] immobilise[B] evacuate[C] isolate[D] stabilise70. Even though he was obese, Oliver Hardy gained fame as a comedian.[A] dying[B] crazy[C] unhappy[D]fatPart III ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices in the column on the right. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and draw a short bar across the corresponding letter.There is a lot of luck in the drilling foroil. The [71] may just miss the oil although it is near;[72], it may strike oil at a fairly high[73]. When the drill goes down, itbrings [74] soil. The sample of soil from various depths areexamined for traces of [75]. If they are disappointed at one place, thedrillers go to [76]. Great sums ofmoney [77] spent, for example in the deserts of Egypt, in ‗prospecting‘ for oil. Sometimes[78] is found. When you buy a few gallons of petrol for our cars, we pay not only the [79] of the petrol, but also part of the cost if the search that 71.[A] time[B] man[C] drill[D] plan72. [A] at last[B] in the end[C] as a result[D] on the other hand73. [A] level[B] time[C] place[D] price74. [A] down[B] up[C] on[D] in75. [A] sand[B] water[C] oil[D] gas76. [A] another[B] the other[C] others[D] one another77. [A] are[B] is[C] has been[D] have been78. [A] a little[B] little[C] a few[D] few79. [A] amount[B] price[C] cost[D] drilling北京语言大学出国人员培训部/入学考试样题/2013is [ 80 ] going on.When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries.[ 81 ].The commonestform of treatment is [ 82 ]. When the oil is heated, the first vapours[ 83 ] are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a lowboiling[ 84 ]; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes.Gas that comes off the [ 85 ] lateris condensed into paraffin. [ 86 ] the lubricating oils of variousgrades are produced. What [ 87 ] is heavy oil that is used as fuel.There are four main areas ofthe world [ 88 ] deposits of oil appear.The first is [ 89 ] of the Middle East.Another is thearea [ 90 ] North and South America, and the third, between Asia and Australia. The fourth area is the part near the North Pole. 80. [A] often[B] frequently[C] busily[D] always81. [A] to be treated[B] to treat[C] for treatment[D] for treating82. [A] heated[B] to be heated[C] to heat[D] heating83. [A] to rise[B] rises[C] rising[D] risen84. [A] level[B] place[C] point[D] degree85. [A] ground[B] air[C] oil[D] water86. [A] Then[B] Last of all[C] Afterwards[D] Lately87. [A] remains[B] remain[C] remained[D] remaining88. [A] there[B] which[C] that[D] where89. [A] the one[B] one[C] that[D] this90. [A] between[B] among[C] above[D] belowPart IV Reading Comprehension(40 minutesDirections:In this part there are passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Mark your choice on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets. Questions 91-94 are based on the following passage:The fiddler crab is a living clock. It indicates the time of day by the color of its skin, which is dark by day and pale by night. The crab's changing skin color follows a regular 24-hour cycle that exactly matches the daily rhythm of the sun.Does the crab actually keep time, or does its skin simply respond to the sun's rays, changing color according to the amount of light that strikes it? To find out, biologists kept crabs in a dark room for two months. Even without daylight the crab's skin color continued to change precisely on schedule.This characteristic probably evolved in response to the rhythm of the sun, to help protect the crab from sunlight and enemies. After millions of years it has become completely regulated inside the living body of the crab.The biologists noticed that once each day the color of the fiddler crab is especially dark, and that each day this occurs fifty minutes later than on the day before. From this they discovered that each crab follows not only the rhythm of the sun but also that of the tides. The crab's period of greatest darkening is precisely the time of low tide on the beach where it was caught!91. The fiddler crab is like a clock because it changes color[A] in a regular 24-hour rhythm.[B] in response to the sun's rays.[C] at low tide.[D] every fifty minutes.92. The crab's changing color[A] tells the crab what time it is.[B] protects the crab from the sunlight and enemies.[C] keeps the crab warm.[D] is of no real use.93. When the fiddler crabs were kept in the dark, they[A] did not change color.[B] changed color more quickly.[C] changed color more slowly.[D] changed color on the same schedule.94. The best title for the passage is[A] The Rhythmic Cycles of the Sun and Tide[B] Discoveries in Biology[C] A Scientific Study[D] A living ClockThere is another example of the revolution in railway signaling and safety measures which can also be attributed to the widespread introduction of electricity in the last decade of the nineteenth century. The track circuit, patented by one William Robinson as far back as 1872, was based on a simple principle. A section of track is insulated at the rail joints from the adjoining sections, and an electrically-operated switch or relay is maintained in the closed position by a low-voltage current passing continually through the rails. The effect of the entry of a train on the insulated section is to short-circuit this current through its wheels and axles with the result that the switch opens. It will be appreciated that should the current fail or should an accidental short-circuit take place, the device will behave as if a train were on the section. However, it will obey the essential requirement of every safety device that in the event of failure the danger signal is given.95. What does the paragraph preceding this one probably discuss?[A] Another one of Robinson's inventions[B] A twentieth-century safety device[C] An electrically-operated safety device[D] Railroading in the mid-nineteenth century96. In the last sentence in the passage, what does the word "it" refer to?[A] An accidental short-circuit[B] A danger signal[C] A safety device[D] A train97. Which of the following statements is TRUE?[A] Railway signaling improved with the American Revolution.[B] The last century saw great progress in railway signaling device.[C] The track circuit is a simple application of a complex principle.[D] The widespread introduction of electricity took place around 1910.98. If a short-circuit takes place, what will happen to the section containing the safety device?[A] A fire will start.[B] A danger signal will be given.[C] A train will derail.[D] The electrically operated switch will close.99. What is the result when a train passed over a section with a low-voltage current?[A] It will derail.[B] A switch opens.[C] A danger signal is given.[D] It will shock the crew.100. What is the topic of this passage?[A] The development of electrical safety devices[B] The inventions of William Robinson[C] The danger of railroad accidents[D] The operation of an electrical safety device for trainsLife near the shore everywhere is affected by the tides, which come and go twice each day in a cycle of about twelve-and-a-half hours —just different enough from the daily cycle of the sun so that there can be no regular relationship between the shore being alternately wet and dry and alternately light and dark. The extent of the tides varies greatly, from as little as one foot in inland seas like the Mediterranean, to fifty feet or so in the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia. In some parts of the world, one of the two daily tides rises higher and falls lower than the other; and tides at the time of new moon and full moon are generally greater than at other times. The extent of the intertidal zone thus varies from day to day as well as from place to place.The kinds of organisms living in the region between the tidal limits depend very much on whether the shore is rocky, sandy, or muddy. Rocky shores have the most obviously rich faunas, because of the firm anchorage for both animals and plants, and because of the small pools left by the retreating seas. Sandy shores, especially when exposed to surf (as they usually are, have the fewest kinds of animals.101. Which of the following factors does not affect the extent of the tides?[A] Place[B] Time[C] The moon[D] The composition of the shore soil102. The time span between tides[A] varies as much as the extent of the tides.[B] is a more constant phenomenon than the extent of the tides.[C] is shorter in inland seas.[D] and the extent of tides depend upon each other.103. The two tides in a given day[A] may vary in extent.[B] never vary in extent.[C] always vary in extent.[D] only vary in extent at the time of a new moon or a full moon.104. The composition of the intertidal soil affect[A] the nature of tides.[B] the temperature of the water in that area.[C] the amount of animals and plants living in that area.[D] the level of pollution in that area.105. Muddy shores[A] have poorer faunas than do sandy shores.[B] have richer faunas than do rocky shores.[C] have poorer faunas than do rocky shores, but richer faunas than do sandy shores.[D] have no faunas at all.106. The smallest tides occur in[A] open seas.[B] inland.[C] bays.[D] deeper seas.Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practices until he can play quickly, accurately, without thinking. Tennis players call that "being in the zone." Educators call it "automaticity."A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he doesn't have to think about decoding the words, so he can concentrate on the meaning of the text.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on accuracy, comprehension and vocabulary."It's not I.Q. but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity," according to Rossman. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will in all likelihood reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.You can test your child by giving him a paragraph or two to read aloud - something unfamiliar but appropriate to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense ofthe meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads haltingly, one word at a time, without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.107. The first paragraph tells us____.[A] what automaticity is[B] how accuracy is acquired[C] how a child learns to walk[D] how an athlete is trained108. An automatic reader[A] sounds out the letters[B] concentrates on meaning[C] has a high I.Q.[D] pays much attention to the structures of sentences109. The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed[A] costs him a lot of work[B] affects his comprehension[C] leads to his future success[D] doesn't affect his comprehension110. A bright child[A] also needs practice to be an automatic reader[B] always achieves great success in comprehension tests[C] becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read[D] is a born automatic readerQuestions 111 - 116 are based on the following passage:The Triumph of Unreason?Neoclassical economics is built on the assumption that humans are rational beings who have a clear idea of their best interests and strive to extract maximum benefit (or―utility‖, in economist-speak from any situation. Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.The role of emotions in decisions makes perfect sense. For situations met frequently in the past, such as obtaining food and mates, and confronting or fleeing from threats, the neural mechanisms required to weigh up the pros and cons will have been honed by evolution to produce an optimal outcome. Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes, evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases. But does this still apply when the ancestral machinery has to respond to the stimuli of urban modernity?One of the people who thinks that it does not is George Loewenstein, an economist at Carnegie Mellon University, in Pittsburgh. In particular, he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt. To prove the point he has teamed up with two psychologists, Brian Knutson of Stanford University and Drazen Prelec of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to look at what happens in the brain when it is deciding what to buy.。
1.What do you think of this city?Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the northwest part of China. It is recognized as one of most important cities in China, both historically and currently. Xi’an Called Chang'an in ancient times, has been the capital of 13 dynasties, including the Zhou, Qin, Han, and the Tang. It also has been the eastern end of the Silk Road , so Xi’an was the first Chinese city to open up its doors to the ancient word.It is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by natural beauty, including rivers, mountains, plains, and rolling hills. It has a semi-moist monsoon ( [ˌmɒnˈsu:n] （印度洋的）季风; 季风雨; 夏季季风) climate and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons. The weather is extremely cold in winter. The temperature is about minus 10 degrees, and in summer the weather is fairly hot, The temperature reaches as high as 40 degrees. Of course, spring and autumn are comfortable. Xi’an is a city that it is suitable for traveling all the y ear.2.How do you find the life here in this city?The city life is very colorful. Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi province. The economy, culture, utilities and education has been developed very rapidly. City dwellers gain access to better information service and educational facilities. There are various opportunities for the employment and education.There are many good university in this city. There you can express your ability to study what you like. There are many big shoppingmalls to meet the enlarging material needs of the citizens.They can provide us all kinds of goods we need. So shopping in this city is very convenient. In their spare time, people enjoy various entertainments, such as lectures and concerts, movies, sports, plays. And also the transport is very convenient in this city. We can take bicycle, bus ,taxi ,subway in our diary life。
历年基金委统考写作真题(2005-2011)1101：You are a visiting scholar in Oxford University, and you hear there is a vacancy for teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. You are interested in it. Write an E-mail to the contact person to enquire about the following information.1) qualifications required for the job2) teaching responsibilities3) documents needed for application4) salaries and benefits.1008: Your friend will visit your city, while you can not meet him/her at the airport as planned. Write to your friend and in your letter, you should cover the following points:1) your apology;2) the reason for not being able to meet him at the airport;3) who to meet your friend at the airport.1006：You have planned to go to an American university as a visiting scholar in September this year. Due to visa problem, you will not be able to arrive there as originally planned. Write a letter to your supervisor telling him about your delay. In your letter, you should cover the following points:1）your reason for writing；2）the reason for the delay；3）your newly planned arrival time；4）the possibility of picking you up at the airport.1001：You are about to study in an American university. Write to the university accommodation office to indicate your need for on-campus accommodation. In your letter, you should cover the following points:1) length of your stay,2) date to move in,3) preference for size/type,4) expected rent.0906：You are organizing an academic conference, and you need write to tell people attending the conference about certain change (time, location, etc). You will1) explain why you have to make the changes,2) tell them the changes and3) apologize for the change.0901：You are going to teach in the University of Otago, New Zealand on an international exchange program launched by the Provincial Educational Committee. Write an e-mail to the contact person in the International Office of the university to inquire about the following information you need before signing the work contract:1) the targeted students you are going to teach2) the nature of the course/courses you are expected to offer3) the teaching load and the schedule4) the office space and facilities.0806: You are planning to go to Frankfurt, Germany to attend an exposition related to your field of research. Write an email to the contact person for the expo to get the following information:1) Size of expo;2）Lecturers and experts who will be in attendance;3) Dates the expo will be held;4) Exact location of the expo.0801：Write a letter to your professor requesting of him a letter of recommendation. In your letter,1) tell him why you need a letter of recommendation;2) explain to him why you have applied to another university for admission to a degree course;3) express gratitude to your professor for what he has done for you during your study at this university. Begin your letter with “Dear professor Brown”.0706：You’ve attended an English lecture at your university in America and you are very interested in the topic provided by Prof. Porter. Write a letter to him asking for more information, including the following: 1) You are keen on his topic.2) The recent development and achievements on it.3) Ask him for some extra readings on it.0701: You have been offered a place to study at a British university for the coming semester. For some reason, you have to postpone your study. Write a letter to the dean of the department. You should indicate the following:1) apologize for the situation;2) reason(s) for the delay;3) make a request to save your place.0606: As a visiting scholar in the U.K., you find that there are little sports facilities in your college. In order to maintain good health, you intend to take part in a sports club near the college. Write a letter to the club manager asking for information about the club. Your letter should include：1) Necessary information about yourself (age, sex, nationality, your college, etc.);2) How you come to know about the sports club;3) Why you want to take part in the club;4) How you can obtain membership and what about the cost, hour, activities, facilities, and so on.0601: Your friend from America writes you a letter telling you he plans to come to China to travel for a month. He has never been to China before, and asks you questions about traveling around China. Your friend wants to know the following:1) What is the best way to spend his month in China? (Which places should he go to?)2) How much money does he need to take with him?3) What important things does he need to know about Chinese culture before he comes to China?0506: You have a part-time job teaching Chinese to an English couple. For some reason, you have to cancel the rest of the lessons. Write a letter to the couple. You should indicate the following:1) apologize for the decision;2) give the reason for your decision;3) recommend one of your friends to take over.0501: You are going to study in an English speaking country. You have a friend who happens to live in the city which you are going to. Write to your friend. You should indicate the following:1) ask him/her to help you find a place to stay;2) what type of accommodation you need;3) how much you can afford to pay.want to get promoted to a higher academic rank. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this practice?1008: What particular problems do parents have when their children are in their teens? What can parents do to deal with these problems?1006: Some people believe that the quality of university teaching in China has been declining in the past few years. To what extent do you agree with this opinion? What are the possible reasons for this decline and what measures should be taken to deal with the problem?1001: Recently most universities in China have begun to require that their teachers without PhD degree get one. Do you think it is necessary for all university teachers to obtain this advanced degree?0906:Recent crime figures indicate that juvenile delinquency (youth crime) is on the rise in major cities throughout the world. Discuss what the possible reasons are and how to solve the problem.0901: Many parts of the world are losing important natural resources such as forest, animals, or clean water. Choose one resource that is disappearing and explain why it needs to be saved. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.0806：Over the past few years, more and more Chinese families have abandoned the traditional way of saving up money for a lifetime to buy a house and have started to take out loans in order to immediately purchase new houses and cars. Is this new trend good for Chinese families?0801: Seen as a way of opening up new communication possibilities worldwide, the internet has actually increased the gap between human beings. To what extent do you agree with the statement? Use specific examples to support your opinion.0706: Exposure to international media, for example, newspaper, magazine and TV, has imposed significant effect on Chinese cultures. Do you think the advantages of that outweigh the disadvantages? State your opinion and reasons and provide examples to approve your ideas.0701: In recent years, more and more college students have been doing part-time jobs. Some people think it interferes with their studies, while others argue that it can benefit them in many respects. What is your opinion on this issue?0606: Nowadays more and more parents are eager to send their children abroad to pursue knowledge by whatever means and at whatever cost before they finish high school. Some people approve of it because they think education overseas is better than that in China; but others oppose it as a waste of time and money. What is your view on this matter? Give reasons and support your idea by specific examples0601: Nowadays, with the rapid expansion of postgraduate programs in most Chinese universities, more students are continuing their education to gain a Master’s Degree or even Ph.D. Is this good for them personally, and for society, or will these qualifications become worthless if too many people have them?0506: Many Chinese parents sent their children who had finished high school to study at universities in other countries. More parents are following suit. What are, in your opinion, the advantages and disadvantages of sending children aged 18 or 19 to study abroad?0501：Efforts have been made to increase the number of students in Chinese universities. What negative changes have been brought about by growths in students’ numbers? What can be done to overcome the latest problems that universities face?。
留学常用词汇准备个人资料的有用词汇name 姓名present address 目前住址alias 别名permanent address 永久住址pen name 笔名postal code 邮政编码date of birth 出生日期home phone 住宅电话birthdate 出生日期office phone 办公电话born 生于business phone 办公电话birthplace 出生地点Tel. 电话birthday 生日sex 性别age 年龄male 男native place 籍贯female 女province 省Mr. 先生city 市Miss 小姐autonomous region 自治区Mrs. 太太prefecture 专区Ms 小姐或太太county 县height 身高nationality 民族；国籍cm. 厘米citizenship 国籍ft. 英尺duel citizenship 双重国籍in. 英寸address 地址weight 体重current address 目前住址kg 公斤lbs 磅very good 很好marital status 婚姻状况good 好family status 家庭状况strong 强壮married 已婚short-sighted 近视single/unmarried 未婚far-sighted 远视divorced 离婚color-blind 色盲separated 分居ID card 身份证number of children 子女人数date of availability 可到职时间none 无available 可到职street 街membership 会员、资格lane 胡同，巷president 会长road 路vice-president 副会长district 区director 理事house number 门牌standing director 常务理事health 健康状况secretary-general 秘书长health condition 健康状况society 学会bloodtype 血型association 协会excellent （身体）极佳research society 研究会更多更好的雅思咨询和资料下载就在沪江雅思：/list.asp?boardid=57留学期间可能遇到的词汇A.A/A.S.——Associate in Arts/Associate in Science degree（准文学士/准理学士）：由社区学院（Community College）或专科院校（Junior College）在学生修完两年普通课程后授给的学位。
大学英语课程教学要求（试行）参考词汇表（1－4级）（4607个）Aa art. 一(个);每一(个)abandon vt. 丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability n. 能力;能耐,本领able a. 有能力的;出色的abnormal a. 不正常的;变态的aboard ad. 在船(车)上;上船about prep. 关于;在…周围above prep.在…上面;高于abroad ad. (在)国外;到处absence n. 缺席,不在场;缺乏absent a. 不在场的;缺乏的absolute a. 绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad. 完全地;绝对地absorb vt. 吸收;使专心abstract a. 抽象的n.摘要abundant a. 丰富的;大量的abuse vt. 滥用;虐待n. 滥用academic a. 学院的;学术的academy n. 私立中学;专科院校accelerate vt. (使)加快;促进acceleration n. 加速;加速度accent n. 口音,腔调;重音accept vt .vi. 接受;同意acceptable a. 可接受的,合意的acceptance n. 接受,验收;承认access n. 接近;通道,入口accessory n. 同谋,从犯;附件accident n. 意外的;事故accidental a. 偶然的;非本质的accommodate vt. 容纳;供应,供给accommodation n. 招待设备;预定铺位accompany vt. 陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt. 达到(目的);完成accord vt. 使一致;给予accordance n. 一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad. 因此,所以;照着account n. 记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt. 积累vi. 堆积accuracy n. 准确(性);准确度accurate a. 准确的,正确无误的accuse vt. 指责;归咎于accustom vt. 使习惯accustomed a. 惯常的;习惯的ache vi. 痛;想念n. 疼痛achieve vt. 完成,实现;达到achievement n. 完成;成就,成绩acid n. 酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n. 认识;了解;熟人acquire vt. 取得;获得;学到acre n. 英亩(=6.07亩)across prep. 横过;在…对面act vi. 行动;见效n. 行为action n. 行动;作用;功能active a. 活跃的;积极的activity n. 活动;活力;行动actor n. 男演员;演剧的人actress n. 女演员actual a. 实际的;现行的actually ad. 实际上;竟然acute a. 尖的,锐的;敏锐的ad n. 广告adapt vt. 使适应;改编add vt. 添加,附加,掺加addition n. 加,加法;附加物additional a. 附加的,追加的address n. 地址;演说;谈吐adequate a. 足够的;可以胜任的adjective n. 形容词 a. 形容词的adjust vt. 调整,调节;校正administration n. 管理;管理部门admire vt. 钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission n. 允许进入;承认admit vt. 承认;准许…进入adopt vt. 收养;采用;采取adult n. 成年人 a. 成年的advance vi. 前进;提高n. 进展advanced a. 先进的;高级的advantage n. 优点,优势;好处adventure n. 冒险;惊险活动adverb n. 副词advertisement n. 广告;公告;登广告advice n. 劝告;忠告;意见advisable n. 明智的;可取的advise vt. 劝告;建议;通知aeroplane n. 飞机affair n. 事情,事件;事务affect vt. 影响;感动affection n. 慈爱,爱;爱慕afford vt. 担负得起…;提供afraid a. 害怕的;担心的Africa n. 非洲African a. 非洲的n . 非洲人after prep. 在…以后;次于afternoon n. 下午,午后afterward ad. 后来,以后again ad. 又一次;而且against prep. 倚在;逆,对着age n. 年龄;时代vt. 变老agency n. 经办;代理;代理处agent n. 代理人,代理商aggressive a. 侵略的;好斗的ago ad. 以前agony n. 极度痛苦agree vi. 同意;持相同意见agreement n. 协定,协议;同意agriculture n. 农业,农艺;农学ahead ad. 在前;向前;提前aid n. 帮助,救护;助手aim vi. 瞄准,针对;致力air n. 空气;空中;外观aircraft n. 飞机,飞行器airline n. 航空公司;航线airplane n. 飞机airport n. 机场,航空站alarm n. 惊恐,忧虑;警报alcohol n. 酒精,乙醇alike a. 同样的,相同的alive a. 活着的;活跃的all a. 全部的prep. 全部allow vt. 允许,准许;任alloy n. 合金;(金属的)成色almost ad. 几乎,差不多alone a. 单独的ad. 单独地along prep. 沿着ad. 向前aloud ad. 出声地,大声地alphabet n. 字母表,字母系统already ad. 早已,已经also ad. 亦,也;而且,还alter vt. 改变,变更;改做alternative n.替换物;取舍,抉择although conj. 尽管,虽然altitude n. 高,高度;高处altogether ad. 完全;总而言之aluminium n. 铝always ad. 总是,一直;永远a.m (缩) 上午,午前amaze vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕ambition n. 雄心,抱负,野心ambulance n. 救护车;野战医院America n. 美洲;美国American a. 美洲的n. 美国人among prep. 在…之中amongst prep 在…之中(=among) amount n. 总数;数量;和ampere n. 安培amplify vt. 放大,增强;扩大amuse vt. 逗…乐;给…娱乐analyse vt. 分析,分解,解析analysis n. 分析,分解,解析ancestor n. 祖宗,祖先anchor n. 锚vi. 抛锚,停泊ancient a. 古代的,古老的and conj. 和,又,并,则angel n. 天使,神差,安琪儿anger n. 怒,愤怒vt. 使发怒angle n. 角,角度angry a. 愤怒的,生气的animal n. 动物,兽 a. 动物的ankle n. 踝,踝节部announce vt. 宣布,宣告,发表announcer n. 宣告者;播音员annoy vt. 使恼怒;打搅annual a. 每年的n. 年报another a. 再一个的;别的answer vt. 回答;响应;适应ant n. 蚂蚁anticipate vt. 预料,预期,期望anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑;渴望anxious a. 忧虑的;渴望的any a. 什么,一些;任何的anybody prep. 任何人anyhow ad. 无论如何anyone pron. 任何人anything pron. 任何事物;一切anyway ad. 无论如何anywhere ad. 在什么地方apart ad. 相隔;分开;除去apartment n. 一套公寓房间apologize vi. 道歉,谢罪,认错apology n. 道歉,认错,谢罪apparatus n. 器械,仪器;器官apparent a. 表面上的;明显的appeal vi.& n. 呼吁;申述appear vi. 出现;来到;似乎appearance n. 出现,来到;外观appetite n. 食欲,胃口;欲望apple n. 苹果,苹果树appliance n. 用具,器具,器械applicable a. 能应用的;适当的application n. 请求,申请;施用apply vt. 应用,实施,使用appoint vt. 任命,委任;约定appointment n. 任命;约定,约会appreciate vt. 欣赏;领会;感谢approach vt. 向…靠近n. 靠近appropriate a. 适当的,恰当的approval n. 赞成,同意;批准approve vt. 赞成,称许;批准approximate a. 近似的vt.近似approximately ad. 近似地,大约April n. 四月Arabian a. 阿拉伯的arbitrary a. 随心所欲的;专断的architecture n. 建筑学;建筑式样area n. 面积;地区;领域argue vi. 争论,争辩,辩论argument n. 争论,辩论;理由arise vi. 出现;由…引起arithmetic n. 算术,四则运算arm n. 臂;臂状物;武器army n. 军队;陆军around prep. 在…周围arouse vt. 引起,唤起;唤醒arrange vt. 筹备;整理;调解arrangement n. 整理,排列;安排arrest vt. 逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival n. 到达;到来;到达者arrive vi. 到达;来临;达到arrow n. 箭;箭状物art n. 艺术,美术;技术article n. 文章;条款;物品artificial a. 人工的;娇揉造作的artist n. 艺术家,美术家artistic a. 艺术的;艺术家的as conj. 当…的时候ash n. 灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed a. 惭愧(的);羞耻(的)Asia n. 亚洲Asian a. 亚洲的n. 亚洲人aside ad. 在旁边,到旁边ask vt. 问;要求;邀请asleep a. 睡着的,睡熟的aspect n. 方面;样子,外表assemble vt. 集合,召集;装配assembly n. 集合;集会;装配assess vt. 对(财产等)估价assign vt. 指派;分配;指定assignment n. 任务,指定的作业assist vt. 援助,帮助;搀扶assistant n. 助手,助理;助教associate vi. 交往n. 伙伴,同事association n. 协会,团体;联合assume vt. 假定;承担;呈现assure vt. 使确信;向…保证astonish vt. 使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut n. 宇宙航行员,宇航员at prep. 在…里;在…时athlete n. 运动员;田径运动员Atlantic a. 大西洋的n. 大西洋atmosphere n. 大气;空气;气氛atmospheric a. 大气的;大气层的atom n. 原子;微粒;微量atomic a. 原子的;原子能的attach vt. 缚,系,贴;附加attack vt. & vi. & n. 攻击,进攻attain vt. 达到,获得,完成attempt vt. 尝试,试图n. 企图attend vt. 出席;照顾,护理attention n. 注意,留心;注意力attentive a. 注意的;有礼貌的attitude n. 态度,看法;姿势attract vt. 吸引;引起,诱惑attraction n. 吸引;吸引力;引力attractive a. 有吸引力的attribute vt. 把…归因于n. 属性audience n. 听众,观众,读者August n. 八月aunt n. 伯母,婶母,姑母aural a. 耳的,听觉的Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian a. 澳大利亚的author n. 作者,作家authority n. 当局,官方;权力auto n. (口语)汽车automatic a. 自动的;机械的automation n. 自动,自动化automobile n. 汽车,机动车autumn n. 秋,秋季auxiliary a. 辅助的;附属的available a. 可利用的;通用的avenue n. 林荫道,道路;大街average n. 平均数 a. 平均的aviation n. 航空,航空学avoid vt. 避免,躲开;撤消await vt. 等候,期待awake a. 醒着的vt. 唤醒award n. 奖,奖品;判定aware a. 知道的,意识到的away ad. 离开,远离;…去awful a. 令人不愉快的awfully ad. 令人畏惧的;很awkward a. 笨拙的;尴尬的ax n. 斧子axis n. 轴,轴线;中心线Bbaby n. 婴儿;孩子气的人back ad. 在后;回原处;回background n. 背景,后景,经历backward a. 向后的;倒的ad. 倒bacteria n. 细菌bad a. 坏的,恶的;严重的badly ad. 坏,差;严重地badminton n. 羽毛球bag n. 袋,包,钱包,背包baggage n. 行李bake vt. 烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance vt. 使平衡;称n. 天平ball n. 球,球状物;舞会balloon n. 气球,玩具气球banana n. 香蕉;芭蕉属植物band n. 乐队;带;波段bang n. 巨响,枪声;猛击bank n. 银行;库;岩,堤banner n. 旗,旗帜,横幅bar n. 酒吧间;条,杆;栅barber n. 理发师bare a. 赤裸的;仅仅的bargain n. 交易vi. 议价;成交bark n. 吠叫声vi. 吠,叫barn n. 谷仓;牲口棚barrel n. 桶;圆筒;枪管barrier n. 栅栏,屏障;障碍base n. 基础,底层;基地basic a. 基本的,基础的basically ad. 基本上basin n. 盆,洗脸盆;盆地basis n. 基础,根据basket n. 篮,篓,筐basketball n. 篮球;篮球运动bat n. 球拍;短棍;蝙蝠bath n. 浴,洗澡;浴缸bathe vt. 给…洗澡;弄湿bathroom n. 浴室;盥洗室battery n. 电池;一套,一组battle n. 战役;斗争vi. 作战bay n. 湾;山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩) 公元前be aux. v. & vi. 是,在,做beach n. 海滩,湖滩,河滩beam n. 梁;横梁;束,柱bean n. 豆,蚕豆bear n. 熊;粗鲁的人bear vt. 容忍;负担;生育beard n. 胡须,络腮胡子beast n. 兽,野兽;牲畜beat vt. & vi. 打,敲;打败beautiful a. 美的,美丽的beauty n. 美,美丽;美人because conj. 由于,因为become vi. 变成;成为,变得bed n. 床,床位;圃;河床bee n. 蜂,密蜂;忙碌的人beef n. 牛肉;菜牛beer n. 啤酒before prep. 在…以前;向…beg vt. & vi. 乞求;请求beggar n. 乞丐,穷人begin vi. 开始vt. 开始beginner n. 初学者,生手beginning n. 开始,开端;起源behalf n. 利益,维护,支持behave vi. 表现,举止;运转behavior n. 行为,举止,态度behind prep. 在…后面being n. 存在;生物;生命belief n. 信任,相信;信念believe vt. 相信;认为bell n. 钟,铃,门铃;钟声belong vi. 属于,附属beloved a. 为…的爱的n. 爱人below prep. 在…下面(以下)belt n. 带,腰带;皮带;区bench n. 长凳,条凳;工作台bend vt. 使弯曲vi. 弯曲beneath prep. 在…下方beneficial a. 有利的,有益的benefit n. 利益;恩惠;津贴berry n. 浆果(如草莓等)beside prep. 在…旁边besides ad. 而且prep. 除…之外best a. 最好的;最大的bet vt. & vi.& n. 打赌betray vt. 背叛;辜负;泄漏better a. 较好的ad. 更好地between prep. 在…中间beyond prep. 在…的那边Bible n. 基督教《圣经》bicycle n. 自行车,脚踏车big a. 大的,巨大的bike n. 自行车vi. 骑自行车bill n. 账单;招贴;票据billion num. 万亿(英)bind vt. 捆绑;包扎;装钉biology n. 生物学;生态学bird n. 鸟,禽birth n. 分娩,出生;出身birthday n. 生日,诞生的日期biscuit n. (英)饼干;(美)软饼bit n. 一点,一些,小片bite vt. 咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter a. 痛苦的;严寒的bitterly ad. 苦苦地;悲痛地black a. 黑色的;黑暗的blackboard n. 黑板blade n. 刀刃,刀片;叶片blame vt. 责备,把…归咎于blank a. 空白的n. 空白blanket n. 毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯blast n. 爆炸,冲击波vt. 炸blaze n. 火;闪光vi. 燃烧bleed vi. 出血,流血;泌脂blend vt. & vi.& n. 混和bless vt. 为…祝福blind a. 瞎的;盲目的block n. 街区vt. 堵塞,拦阻blood n. 血,血液;血统bloom n. 花;开花,开花期blossom n. 花,开花vi. 开花blow vi. 吹,吹动;吹响blue a. 蓝色的n. 蓝色board n. 板vt. 上(船,车等) boast vi. 自夸vt. 吹嘘boat n. 小船,艇;渔船body n. 身体;主体;尸体boil vi. 沸腾;汽化vt. 煮沸bold a. 大胆的;冒失的bolt n. 螺栓;插销vt. 闩门bomb n. 炸弹vt. 轰炸bond n. 联结,联系;公债bone n. 骨,骨骼book n. 书,书籍vt. 预定boot n. 靴子,长统靴booth n. 货摊;公用电话亭border n. 边,边缘;边界bore vt. 使厌烦;钻,挖born a. 天生的;出生的borrow vt. 借,借用,借人bosom n. 胸,胸部;内心boss n. 老板,上司vt. 指挥both pron. 两者(都)bother vt. 烦扰,迷惑n. 麻烦bottle n. 瓶,酒瓶;一瓶bottom n. 底,底部,根基bough n. 树枝bounce vi. 反跳,弹起;跳起bound a. 一定的;有义务的boundary n. 分界线,办界bow n. 弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬bowl n. 碗,钵;碗状物box n. 箱,盒;包箱box vi. 拳击,打拳boy n. 男孩,少年;家伙brain n. 脑,脑髓;脑力brake n. 闸,刹车vi. 制动branch n. 树枝;分部;分科brand n. 商品;烙印vt. 铭刻brandy n. 白兰地酒brass n. 黄铜;黄铜器brave a. 勇敢的,华丽的bread n. 面包;食物,粮食breadth n. 宽度,幅度;幅面break vt. 打破;损坏;破坏breakfast n. 早饭,早餐breast n. 乳房;胸脯,胸膛breath n. 气息,呼吸;气味breathe vi. 呼吸vt. 呼吸breed n. 品种vt. 使繁殖breeze n. 微风,和风brick n. 砖,砖块;砖状物bridge n. 桥,桥梁;桥牌brief a. 简短的;短暂的bright a. 明亮的;聪明的brighten vt. 使发光;使快活brilliant a. 光辉的;卓越的brim n. 边,边缘;帽沿bring vt. 带来;引出;促使brisk a. 活泼的;清新的bristle n. 短而硬的毛;鬃毛Britain n. 不列颠,英国British a. 不列颠的,英联邦的brittle a. 脆的;易损坏的broad a. 宽的,阔的;广泛的broadcast n. 广播,播音broken a. 被打碎的,骨折的bronze n. 青铜;青铜制品brood n. 同窝幼鸟vt. 孵(蛋) brook n. 小河,溪流broom n. 扫帚brother n. 兄弟;同事,同胞brow n. 额;眉,眉毛brown n. 褐色,棕色bruise n. 青肿,伤痕;擦伤brush n. 刷子,毛刷;画笔brute n. 禽兽,畜生bubble n. 泡vi. 冒泡,沸腾bucket n. 水桶;吊桶;铲斗bud n. 芽,萌芽;蓓蕾build vt. 建筑;建立;创立building n. 建筑物,大楼;建筑bulb n. 电灯泡;球状物bulk n. 物体,容积,大批bull n. 公牛;雄的象bullet n. 枪弹,子弹,弹丸bunch n. 束,球,串;一群bundle n. 捆,包,束;包袱burden n. 担子,重担;装载量bureau n. 局,司,处;社,所burn vi. 烧,燃烧n. 烧伤burst vt. 使爆裂vi.& n. 爆炸bury vt. 埋葬,葬;埋藏bus n. 公共汽车bush n. 灌木,灌木丛,矮树business n. 商业,生意;事务busy a. 忙的,繁忙的but conj. 但是,可是butcher n. 屠夫;屠杀者butter n. 黄油;奶油butterfly n. 蝴蝶button n. 扣子;按钮vt. 扣紧buy vt. 买,购买vi. 买by prep. 在…旁;被,由Ccabbage n. 洋白菜,卷心菜cabin n. 小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet n. 橱,柜;内阁cable n. 缆,索;电缆;电报cafe n. 咖啡馆;小餐厅cafeteria n. 自助食堂cage n. 笼;鸟笼,囚笼cake n. 饼,糕,蛋糕calculate vt. 计算;估计;计划calculation n. 计算,计算结果calculator n. 计算器,计算者calendar n. 日历,历书;历法call vt. 把…叫做;叫,喊calm a. 静的,平静的camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机,摄影机camp n. 野营,营地,兵营campaign n. 战役;运动campus n. 校园,学校场地can aux. v. 能,会,可能can n. 罐头,听头;容器Canada n. 加拿大Canadian a. 加拿大的canal n. 运河;沟渠;管cancel vt. 取消,撤消;删去cancer n. 癌,癌症,肿瘤candidate n. 候选人;投考者candle n. 蜡烛;烛形物;烛光candy n. 糖果;砂糖结晶cannon n. 大炮,火炮;榴弹炮canoe n. 独木舟,皮艇,划子canteen n. 小卖部;临时餐室canvas n. 粗帆布;一块油画布cap n. 帽子,便帽;帽状物capable a. 有能力的,有才能的capacity n. 容量;能力;能量capital n. 资本,资金;首都captain n. 陆军上尉;队长captive n. 俘虏,被监禁的人capture vt. 捕获,俘获;夺得car n. 汽车,小汽车,轿车carbon n. 碳card n. 卡,卡片,名片care vi. 关心,介意n. 小心career n. 生涯,职业,经历careful a. 仔细的;细致的careless a. 粗心的,漫不经心的cargo n. 船货,货物carpenter n. 木工,木匠carpet n. 地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage n. 客车厢;四轮马车carrier n. 运输工具;运载工具carrot n. 胡罗卜carry vt. 携带;运载;传送cart n. 二轮运货马车carve vt. 刻,雕刻;切开case n. 情况;事实;病例case n. 箱(子),盒(子),套cash n. 现金,现款cassette n. 盒式录音带;盒子cast vt. 投,扔,抛;浇铸castle n. 城堡;巨大建筑物casual a. 偶然的;随便的cat n. 猫,猫科,猫皮catalog n. 目录,目录册catch vt. 捉住;赶上;领会cathedral n. 总教堂;大教堂cattle n. 牛;牲口,家畜cause n. 原因,理由;事业cave n. 山洞,洞穴,窑洞cease vi. & vi.& n. 停止,停息ceiling n. 天花板,顶蓬celebrate vt. 庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell n. 细胞;小房间cellar n. 地窑,地下室cement n. 水泥;胶泥vt. 粘结cent n. 分;分币;百centigrade a. 百分度的centimetre n. 公分,厘米central a. 中心的;主要的centre n. 中心;中枢vt. 集中century n. 世纪,百年ceremony n. 典礼,仪式;礼节certain a. 确实的;肯定的certainly ad. 一定,必定;当然certainty n. 必然;肯定certificate n. 证书,证件,执照chain n. 链,链条,项圈chair n. 椅子;主席chairman n. 主席;议长,会长chalk n. 白垩;粉笔challenge n. 挑战;要求,需要chamber n. 会议室;房间;腔champion n. 冠军,得胜者chance n. 机会,机遇;可能性change n. 改变,变化;零钱channel n. 海峡;渠道;频道chapter n. 章,回,篇character n. 性格;特性;角色characteristic a. 特有的n. 特性charge vt. 索价;控告n. 费用charity n. 施舍;慈善事业charming a. 迷人的,可爱的chart n. 图,图表;海图chase n. 追逐,追赶,追求cheap a. 廉价的;劣质的cheat vt. 骗取;哄vi. 行骗check vt. 检查;制止n. 检查cheek n. 面颊,脸蛋cheer vt. 使振作;欢呼cheerful a. 快乐的,愉快的cheese n. 乳酪,干酪chemical a. 化学的n. 化学制品chemist n. 化学家;药剂师chemistry n. 化学cheque n. 支票cherry n. 樱桃;樱桃树chess n. 棋;国际象棋chest n. 胸腔,胸膛;箱子chew vt. 咀嚼,嚼碎chicken n. 小鸡,小鸟;鸡肉chief a. 主要的;首席的child n. 小孩,儿童;儿子childhood n. 童年,幼年;早期childish a. 孩子的;幼稚的chill vt. 使变冷n. 寒冷chimney n. 烟囱,烟筒;玻璃罩chin n. 颏,下巴China n. 中国china n. 瓷器,瓷料Chinese a. 中国的n.中国人chocolate n. 巧克力;巧克力糖choice n. 选择,抉择choke vt. 使窒息;塞满choose vt. 选择,挑选;情愿chop vt. 砍,劈;切细vi. 砍Christian n. 基督教徒;信徒Christmas n. 圣诞节church n. 教堂,礼拜堂;教会cigarette n. 香烟,纸烟,卷烟cinema n. 电影院;电影,影片circle n. 圆,圆周;圈子circuit n. 电路;环行;巡行circular a. 圆的;循环的circulate vt. 使循环vi. 循环circumference n. 圆周,周长,圆周线circumstance n. 情况,条件;境遇citizen n. 公民;市民,居民city n. 城市,都市civil a. 公民的;文职的civilization n. 文明,文化;开化civilize vt. 使文明;教育claim vt. 声称,主张;索取clap vi. 拍手vt. 拍,轻拍clarify vt. 澄清,阐明clasp n. 扣子,钩子;别针class n. 班,班级;阶级classical a. 古典的;经典的classification n. 分类;分级;分类法classify vt. 把…分类classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室,课堂claw n. 爪,脚爪,螯clay n. 粘土,泥土;肉体clean a. 清洁的;纯洁的clear a. 清晰的vt. 清除clearly ad. 明白地,清晰地clerk n. 店员;办事员,职员clever a. 聪明的;机敏的cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁climate n. 气候;风土,地带climb vi. 攀登,爬vt. 爬cloak n. 斗篷;覆盖(物)clock n. 钟,仪表close vt. 关,闭;结束closely ad. 紧密地,接近地cloth n. 布;衣料;桌布clothe vt. 给…穿衣服clothes n. 衣服,服装;被褥clothing n. 衣服,被褥cloud n. 云;云状物;阴影cloudy a. 多云的;云一般的club n. 俱乐部,夜总会clue n. 线索,暗示,提示clumsy a. 笨拙的;愚笨的coach n. 长途公共汽车coal n. 煤,煤块coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的coast n. 海岸,海滨(地区)coat n. 外套,上衣;表皮cock n. 公鸡;雄禽;旋塞code n. 准则;法典;代码coffee n. 咖啡,咖啡茶coil n. (一)卷;线圈vt. 卷coin n. 硬币;铸造(硬币)cold a. 冷的;冷淡的n. 冷collapse vi. 倒坍;崩溃,瓦解collar n. 衣领,项圈colleague n. 同事,同僚collect vt. 收集vi. 收款collection n. 搜集,收集;收藏品collective a. 集体的;集合性的college n. 学院;大学collision n. 碰撞;冲突colonel n. 陆军上校;美空军上校colony n. 殖民地;侨居地color n. 颜色,彩色;颜料column n. 柱,支柱,圆柱comb n. 梳子vt. 梳理combination n. 结合,联合;化合combine vt. 使结合;兼有come vi. 来,来到;出现comfort n. 舒适;安慰vt. 安慰comfortable a. 舒适的,安慰的command vt. 命令,指挥;控制commander n. 司令官,指挥员comment n. 评论,意见;注释commerce n. 商业,贸易;社交commercial a. 商业的;商品化的commission n. 委任状;委员会commit vt. 犯(错误);干(坏事) committee n. 委员会;全体委员common a. 普通的;共同的commonly ad. 普通地,一般地communicate vi. 通讯;传达;传播communication n. 通讯;传达;交通communism n. 共产主义communist n. 共产党员community n. 社区;社会;公社companion n. 同伴;共事者;伴侣company n. 公司,商号;同伴comparative a. 比较的,相对的compare vt. 比较,对照;比作comparison n. 比较,对照;比似compass n. 罗盘,指南针;圆规compel vt. 强迫,迫使屈服compete vi. 比赛;竞争;对抗competent a. 有能力的;应该做的competition n. 竞争,比赛compile vt. 编辑,编制,搜集complain vi. 抱怨,拆苦;控告complaint n. 抱怨;怨言;控告complete a. 完整的;完成的completely ad. 十分,完全地complex a. 结合的;复杂的complicate vt. 使复杂;使陷入complicated a. 复杂的,难懂的component n. 组成部分;分;组件compose vt. 组成,构成;创作composition n. 构成;作品;写作compound n. 化合物;复合词comprehension n. 理解,理解力;领悟comprehensive a. 广泛的;理解的compress vt. 压紧,压缩comprise vt. 包含,包括;构成compromise n. 妥协,和解compute vt. 计算,估计,估算computer n. 计算机,电脑comrade n. 同志,亲密的同伴conceal vt. 把…隐藏起来concentrate vt. 集中;聚集;浓缩concentration n. 集中;专注;浓缩concept n. 概念,观念,设想concern n. 关心,挂念;关系concerning prep. 关于concert n. 音乐会,演奏会conclude vt. 推断出;结束conclusion n. 结论,推论;结尾concrete n. 混凝土;具体物condemn vt. 谴责,指责;判刑condense vt. 压缩,使缩短condition n. 状况,状态;环境conduct n. 举止,行为;指导conductor n. 售票员;(乐队)指挥conference n. 会议,讨论会confess vt. 供认,承认;坦白confidence n. 信任;信赖;信心confident n. 确信的,自信的confine vt. 限制;禁闭confirm vt. 证实,肯定;批准conflict n. 争论;冲突;斗争confuse vt. 使混乱,混淆confusion n. 混乱;骚乱;混淆congratulate vt. 祝贺,向…道喜congratulation n. 祝贺;祝贺词congress n. 大会;国会,议会conjunction n. 接合,连接;连接词connect vt. 连接,连结;联系connection n. 连接,联系;连贯性conquer vt. 征服,战胜;破除conquest n. 攻取,征服;克服conscience n. 良心,道德心conscious a. 意识到的;有意的consciousness n. 意识,觉悟;知觉consent n. 同意,赞成vi. 同意consequence n. 结果,后果consequently ad. 因此,因而,所以conservation n. 保存,保护;守恒conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人consider vt. 认为;考虑;关心considerable a. 相当大的;重要的considerate a. 考虑周到的;体谅的consideration n. 考虑,思考;体贴consist vi. 由…组成;在于consistent a. 坚持的,一贯的constant a. 经常的;永恒的constitution n. 章程;体质;构造construct vt. 建造;建设;构筑construction n. 建造;建筑;建筑物consult vt. 请教,查阅consume vt. 消耗,消费;消灭consumption n. 消耗量;消耗contact vt. 使接触;与…联系contain vt. 包含,容纳;等于container n. 容器;集装箱contemporary a. 当代的,同时代的contempt n. 轻蔑;藐视;受辱content n. 内容,目录;容量content a. 满意的,满足的contest vt. 争夺,争取;辩驳continent n. 大陆;陆地;洲continual a. 不断的;连续的continue vt. 继续,连续;延伸continuous a. 连续不断的,持续的contract n. 契约,合同;婚约contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致;否认contrary a. 相反的n. 相反contrast n. 对比,对照,悬殊contribute vt. 捐献,捐助;投稿control vt. 控制,克制n. 控制convenience n. 便利,方便;厕所convenient a. 便利的;近便的convention n. 习俗,惯例;公约conventional a. 普通的;习惯的conversation n. 会话,非正式会谈conversely ad. 相反地conversion n. 转变,转化;改变convert vt. 使转变;使改变convey vt. 传送;运送;传播convince vt. 使确信,使信服cook vt. 烹调,煮vt. 烧菜cool a. 凉的,冷静的cooperate vi. 合作,协作;配合coordinate vt. 使协调,调节cope vi. 对付,应付copper n. 铜;铜币,铜制器copy n. 抄件vt. 抄写,复制cord n. 细绳,粗线,索cordial a. 真诚的,诚恳的core n. 果实的心,核心corn n. 谷物;(英)小麦corner n. 角;犄角;边远地区corporation n. 公司,企业;社团correct a. 正确的vt. 纠正correction n. 改正,纠正,修改correspond vi. 相符合;相当correspondent n. 通信者;通讯员corresponding a. 相应的;符合的corridor n. 走廊,回廊,通路cost n. 价格,代价;成本costly a. 昂贵的;价值高的cottage n. 村舍,小屋cotton n. 棉;棉线;棉布cough vi. 咳,咳嗽n. 咳嗽could aux.v. (can的过去式) council n. 理事会,委员会count vt. 计算vi. 数,计数counter n. 柜台;计数器country n. 国家,国土;农村countryside n. 乡下,农村county n. 英国的郡,美国的县couple n. 夫妇;(一)对;几个courage n. 勇气,胆量,胆识course n. 课程;过程;一道菜court n. 法院,法庭;庭院cousin n. 堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹) cover vt. 盖,包括n. 盖子cow n. 母牛,奶牛;母兽coward n. 懦夫;胆怯者crack n. 裂缝,裂纹vi. 爆裂craft n. 工艺;手艺,行业crane n. 起重机,摄影升降机crash vi. 碰撞,坠落n. 碰撞crawl vi. 爬,爬行crazy a. 疯狂的,荒唐的cream n. 奶油,乳脂;奶油色create vt. 创造;引起,产生creative a. 创造性的,创作的creature n. 生物,动物,家畜credit n. 信用贷款;信用creep vi. 爬行;缓慢地行进crew n. 全体船员cricket n. 板球;蟋蟀crime n. 罪,罪行;犯罪criminal n. 犯人,罪犯,刑事犯cripple n. 跛子;残废的人crisis n. 危机;存亡之际critic n. 批评家,爱挑剔的人critical a. 决定性的;批评的criticism n. 批评;批判;评论criticize vt. 批评;评论;非难crop n. 农作物,庄稼;一熟cross vt. 穿过;使交叉crow n. 鸦,乌鸦vi. 啼crowd n. 群;大众;一伙人crown n. 王冠,冕;花冠crude a. 简陋的;天然的cruel a. 残忍的,残酷的crush vt. 压碎,碾碎;镇压crust n. 面包皮;硬外皮cry vi. 哭,哭泣;叫喊crystal n. 水晶,结晶体;晶粒cube n. 立方形;立方cubic a. 立方形的;立方的cucumber n. 黄瓜cultivate vt. 耕;种植;培养culture n. 文化,文明;教养cunning a. 狡猾的,狡诈的cup n. 杯子;(一)杯;奖杯cupboard n. 碗柜,碗碟橱;食橱cure vt. 医治;消除n. 治愈curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心;珍品curious a. 好奇的;稀奇古怪的curl n. 卷毛;螺旋vi. 卷曲current a. 当前的;通用的curse n. 诅咒,咒骂;天谴curtain n. 帘,窗帘;幕(布)curve n. 曲线;弯vt. 弄弯cushion n. 垫子,坐垫,靠垫custom n. 习惯,风俗;海关customer n. 顾客,主顾cut vt. 切,割,剪;减少cycle n 自行车,循环Ddaily a. 每日的n. 日报dairy n. 牛奶场;乳制品dam n. 水坝,水堤;障碍物damage vt. 损害,毁坏n. 损害damp a. 潮湿的,有湿气的dance vi. 跳舞;摇晃n. 舞danger n. 危险;危险事物dangerous a. 危险的,不安全的dare vt.& aux.v. 敢;竟敢daring a. 大胆的,勇敢的dark a. 暗的;黑色的darling n. 亲爱的人;宠儿dash vt. 使猛撞;溅n. 猛冲data n. 数据; 资料date n. 日期vt. 注…日期daughter n. 女儿dawn n. 黎明;开端vi. 破晓day n (一)天,白昼,白天daylight n. 白昼,日光;黎明dead a. 死的,无生命的deadly a. 致命的,死一般的deaf a. 聋的;不愿听的deal n. 买卖;待遇vt. 给予dear a. 亲爱的int. 啊death n. 死,死亡;灭亡debate n.& vi. 争论,辩论debt n. 债,债务,欠债decade n. 十年,十年期decay vi. 腐烂;衰败n. 腐烂deceit n. 欺骗,欺诈deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗December n. 十二月decent a. 正派的;体面的decide vt. 决定,决心;解决decision n. 决定,决心;果断deck n. 甲板;舱面;层面declare vt. 断言;声明;表明decorate vt. 装饰,装璜,修饰decrease vi.& n. 减少,减少deduce vt. 演绎,推论,推断deed n. 行为;功绩;契约deep a. 深的;纵深的deepen vt. 加深vi. 深化deer n. 鹿defeat vt. 战胜,击败;挫败defect n. 缺点,缺陷,欠缺defence n. 防御;防务;辩护defend vt. 保卫,防守define vt. 给…下定义;限定definite a. 明确的;肯定的definitely ad. 一定地,明确地definition n. 定义,释义;定界degree n. 程度;度;学位delay vt. 推迟;耽搁;延误delete vt. 删除;擦掉delegation n. 代表团delicate a. 纤细的;易碎的delicious a. 美味的,怡人的delight n. 快乐vt. 使高兴deliver vt. 投递,送交;发表delivery n. 投递;交付;分娩demand vt. 要求;需要;询问democracy n. 民主,民主制democratic a. 民主的,民主政体的demonstrate vt. 说明;论证;表露dense a. 密集的;浓厚的density n. 密集,稠密;密度deny vt. 否定;拒绝相信depart vi. 离开,起程;出发department n. 部,司,局,处,系departure n. 离开,出发,起程depend vi. 依靠,依赖;相信dependent a. 依靠的,依赖的deposit vt. 使沉淀;存放depress vt. 使沮丧;按下depth n. 深度;深厚;深处derive vt. 取得vi. 起源descend vi. 下来,下降;下倾describe vt. 形容;描写,描绘description n. 描写,形容;种类desert n. 沙漠vt. 离弃;擅离deserve vt. 应受,值得design vt. 设计n. 设计;图样desirable a. 值得相望的;可取的desire vt. 相望;要求n. 愿望desk n. 书桌,办公桌despair n. 绝望vi.绝望desperate a. 拼死的;绝望的despise vt. 鄙视,蔑视despite prep. 不管,不顾destination n. 目的地,终点;目标destroy vt. 破坏;消灭;打破destruction n. 破坏,毁灭,消灭detail n. 细节;枝节;零件detect vt. 察觉,发觉;侦察detection n. 察觉,发觉;侦察determination n. 决心;决定;确定determine vt. 决定;查明;决心develop vt. 发展;形成;开发development n. 发展;开发;生长device n. 器械,装置;设计devil n. 魔鬼,恶魔devise vt. 设计,发明devote vt. 将…奉献,致力于dew n. 露,露水diagram n. 图解,图表,简图dial n. 钟面;拨号盘vt. 拨dialect n. 方言,土语,地方话dialog n. 对话,对白diameter n. 直径diamond n. 金钢石,钻石;菱形diary n. 日记,日记簿dictate vt.& vi. 口授;命令dictation n. 口授笔录,听写dictionary n. 词典,字典die vi. 死,死亡;灭亡differ vi. 不同,相异difference n. 差别;差;分歧different a. 差异的;各种的difficult a. 困难的;难对付的difficulty a. 困难;难事;困境dig vt. 掘,挖;采掘digest vt. 消化;领会n. 文摘digital a. 数字的,计数的diligent a. 勤勉的,勤奋的dim a. 昏暗的;朦胧的dimension n. 尺寸,尺度;面积dinner n. 正餐,主餐;宴会dip vt. 浸,蘸vi. 浸一浸direct a. 直接的;直率的direction n. 方向,方位;指导directly ad. 直接地;立即director n. 指导者;理事;导演dirt n. 尘,土;污物,污垢dirty a. 脏的;下流的disable vt. 使无能,使伤残disadvantage n. 不利,不利地位disagree vi. 有分歧;不一致disappear vi. 不见,失踪;消失disappoint vt. 使失望,使受挫折disaster n. 灾难,灾祸;天灾disk n. 圆盘,唱片;磁盘discard vt. 丢弃,抛弃,遗弃discharge vt. 释放;排出n. 释放discipline n. 纪律;训练vt. 训练disclose vt. 揭开,揭发;透露discourage vt. 使泄气,使灰心discover vt. 发现;暴露,显示discovery n. 发现;被发现的事物discuss vt. 讨论,谈论;论述discussion n. 讨论,谈论;论述disease n. 病,疾病;病害disguise vi. 隐瞒,掩埋n. 假装disgust n. 厌恶,憎恶dish n. 碟,盘子;菜肴dishonour n. 不光彩;丢脸的人dislike vt.& n. 不喜爱,厌恶dismiss vt. 不再考虑;解雇disorder n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱display vt. 陈列,展览;显示disposal n. 丢掉,处理,销毁dispose vi. 去掉,丢掉;销毁displease vt. 使不愉快,使生气dispute vi. 争论,争执n. 争论dissatisfy vi. 使不满,使不平dissolve vt. 使溶解;解散distance n. 距离,间距;远处distant a. 在远处的,疏远的distinct a. 与其他不同的distinction n. 差别,不同,区分distinguish vt. 区别,辨别,认别distress n. 忧虑,悲伤;不幸distribute vt. 分发,分送;分布distribution n. 分发,分配;分布district n. 区;地区,区域disturb vt. 打扰,扰乱;弄乱ditch n. 沟,沟渠,渠道dive vi. 跳水;潜水;俯冲diverse a. 不一样的,相异的divide vt. 分;分配;分开division n. 分,分配;除法divorce n. 离婚,离异vi. 离婚do aux.v. vt. 做,干,办dock n. 船坞;码头;船厂doctor n. 医生,医师;博士document n. 公文,文件;证件dog n. 狗,犬,犬科动物dollar n. 元(货币单位)domestic a. 本国的;家庭的donkey n. 驴;笨蛋door n. 门,通道;一家dorm n. 宿舍dormitory n. 集体寝室;宿舍dose n. 剂量,用量;一剂dot n. 点,圆点vt. 打点于double a. 两倍的;双的doubt n. 怀疑;疑虑vt. 怀疑doubtful a. 难以预测的;怀疑的doubtless ad. 无疑地;很可能down ad. 向下,在下面downstairs ad. 在楼下 a. 楼下的downward a. 向下的ad. 向下地dozen n. 一打,十二个draft n. 草稿;汇票vt. 起草drag vt. 拖,拉;拖曳dragon n. 龙;凶暴的人drain vt. 排去;放水n. 耗竭drama n. 一出戏剧,剧本dramatic a. 引人注目的,戏剧的draw vt. 画,划;拖;拨出drawer n. 抽屉drawing n. 图画,素描;绘图dread n. 畏惧;恐怖vt. 惧怕dream n. 梦;梦想vi. 做梦dress n. 女服,童装;服装drift vi. 漂流,漂泊n. 漂流drill n. 钻头;操练vi. 钻孔drink vt. 饮vi. 喝n. 饮料drip vi. 滴下;漏水n. 水滴drive vt. 驾驶;打入;驱driver n. 驾驶员,司机drop vt. 使落下;降低drought n. 旱灾,干旱drown vi. 淹死,溺死drug n. 药,药物,药材drum n. 鼓;鼓状物,圆桶drunk a. 醉的;陶醉的dry a. 干的,干燥的duck n. 鸭,雌鸭;鸭肉due a. 预期的;应给的dull a. 枯燥的;不鲜明的dumb a. 哑的;无言的dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒;倾销durable a .耐久的,耐用的duration n. 持续,持久during prep. 在…期间dusk n. 薄暮,黄昏,幽暗dust n. 尘土,灰尘duty n. 职责;责任;税dwelling n. 住处,寓所dye vt. 染n. 染料;染色dying a. 垂死的;临终的dynamic a. 有活力的;动力的Eeach pron. 各,各自 a. 各eager a. 渴望的,热切的eagle n. 鹰ear n. 耳朵;听力,听觉early ad. 早 a. 早的,早期的earn vt. 赚得,挣得;获得earnest a. 认真的,诚恳的earth n. 地球;陆地,地面earthquake n. 地震;大震荡ease n. 容易,舒适vt. 缓和easily ad. 容易地;舒适的east n. 东;东部ad. 在东方eastern a. 东方的;朝东的easy a. 容易的;安逸的eat vt. 吃,喝vi. 吃饭echo n. 回声,反响vi. 重复economic a. 经济的,经济学的economical a. 节约的;经济学的economy n. 经济;节约,节省edge n. 边缘,边;刀口edition n. 版,版本,版次editor n. 编辑,编者,校订者educate vt. 教育;培养;训练education n. 教育;训导;教育学effect n. 结果;效果,效力effective a. 有效的;有影响的。
一、校级奖项、称号三好学生 Merit Student学习优秀生 Model Student of Academic Records 突出才能奖Model Student of Outstanding Capacity先进个人Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student优秀学生干部 Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员 Excellent League Member优秀志愿者 Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体 Advanced Class优秀团干 Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人 Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities道德风尚奖 Ethic Award精神文明奖 High Morality Prize最佳组织奖 Prize for The Best Organization 突出贡献奖Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖 Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖 Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项话剧比赛 Drama competition英语演讲比赛 English Speech Contest黑板报设计大赛Blackboard Poster Design ContestPPT设计大赛 Courseware Design Competition文明宿舍 Outstanding Dormitory诗歌朗诵比赛 Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛 Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛 Photography Competition报刊比赛 Press Writing Contest足球比赛 Football Match网络工程师 Network Engineer Certification知识风采比赛 Knowledge Competition PPT 课件制作大赛Courseware Design Competition辩论赛 Debate Competition党团知识竞赛 Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League模拟法庭 Mock Court征文比赛 Essay Competition网页设计大赛 Web Page Design Competition辩论赛 Debate Competition软件设计大赛 Software Design Competition多媒体课件设计大赛Multimedia Courseware Design Competition网站设计竞赛 Web Design Competition演讲比赛 Speech Contest电子设计大赛 Electronic Design Contest服装设计大赛 Garment Design Contest实验技能操作大赛Experiment Skill and Operation Contest友谊篮球赛 Friendship Cup Basketball Match 十佳学生活动组织 Top Ten Student Activities Organization十大学生修身楷模Ten Model Students of Self-cultivation学生科研创新奖 Student Award for Research and Innovation棋王大赛 Chess Competition女子篮球赛 Women's Basketball Match党团知识竞赛 Knowledge Contests about the CPC and the CYLC礼仪风采大赛 Manner and Etiquette Contest体育文化节 Physical Culture Festival相声小品大赛 Crosstalk and Sketch Contest三、校运会第一名 The First Prize第二名 The Second Prize第三名 The Third Prize健美操比赛Competition of Body-building Exercises校运会篮球比赛Basketball Matches in Sports-meeting校运会男子100米 Men’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting校运会女子100米 Women’s 100-metre Race in theSports-meeting校运会男子200米 Men’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting校运会女子200米 Women’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting校运会男子1500米 Men’s 1500-metre Race in the Sports-meeting校运会女子800米 Women’s 800-metre Race in the Sports-meeting校运会男女跳高比赛 Men/Women’s High Jump Matches校运会男女三级跳比赛 Men/Women’s Triple Jump Matches校运会男子110米栏 Men’s 110-metre Hurdle Race校运会男女铅球 Men/Women’s Shot Put校运会男女标枪 Men/Women’s javelin throwing三、其他活动博客大赛 Blog Contest主持人大赛 Host Competition十大歌手 Top Ten Singers军训优秀通讯员Excellent Correspondent in Military Training军训先进个人 Advanced Individual in Military Training十佳社团 Top Ten Outstanding Associations突出贡献奖 Outstanding Contribution Award工作创新奖 Innovation Award团队建设奖 Teamwork Award最佳台风奖 Best Stage Style Award最佳人气奖 Best Popularity Award优秀组织奖 Outstanding Organization Award最佳创意奖 Best Creativity Award优秀团体奖 Excellent Group Award优秀节目奖 Best Program Award十佳新秀奖 Top Ten Outstanding Rising Stars Award最具潜质奖 Most Potentiality Award最佳才艺奖 Outstanding Talent Award最佳气质奖 Outstanding Quality Award最佳口才奖 Best Eloquence Awar最佳演员奖 Best Actor Award最佳剧本奖 Best Script Award 优秀会员 Excellent Member最佳辩手 Best Debater优秀辩手 Excellent Debater四、补充学生会 Student Union团委会 Youth League Committee学生社团Students’ Association体育部 Sports Department文艺部 Arts Department学习部 Learning Department外联部 Public Relations Department宣传部 Propaganda Department生活部 Life Department纪检部 Discipline Inspection Department秘书部 Secretary Department组织部 Organization Department编辑部 Editorial Department学生会主席 President of the Student Union团委会书记Secretary of the Youth League Committee团支书 League Branch Secretary or Secretary of the Youth League Branch Committee副书记 Vice Secretary秘书长 Secretary-general学术部干事 a member of the Academic Department 宿舍长 Head of the dormitory优秀团员 Excellent League Member班长 Monitor/ Class President副班长 Vice-monitor文体委员 Recreation & Sports Secretary学习委员 Study Secretary生活委员 Life Secretary宣传委员 Publicity Secretary生活委员 Organization Secretary勤工俭学 Work-study Program青年志愿者协会 Youth Volunteers Association晚会主持人 Host on the entertainment / evening party礼仪队 Reception Team/ Protocol Team综合测评Comprehensive Evaluation of Students’ Performance预备党员 Probationary Party Member入党积极分子 Applicant for Party Membership综合素质优秀学生Excellent Student of Comprehensive Quality优秀青年志愿者 Outstanding Young Volunteer 校园十杰 Ten Prominent Youth on Campus / Top Ten Youth on Campus品学兼优的学生 Student of Good Character and Scholarship军训 Military Training艺术团 Art Troupe义教 Voluntary Teaching迎新晚会 Welcome Party for the Freshmen招聘会 Job Fair广播站 Broadcasting Station学生处 Students Affairs Department社会活动 social/ public activities课外活动 extracurricular activities社会实践 social practice学术活动 academic activities籍贯 native place家庭状况 family status教育程度 educational background团结合作 Solidarity and Cooperation创新能力 Creative Ability沟通能力 Communicational Ability兼职 Part-time Job成绩优异 Outstanding Academic Results学业技能 Academic Skills思想品行 Ideological Morality文体表现 Arts and Sports Performance实习 Internship奖学金 scholarship。
大学英语课程教学要求（试行）参考词汇表（1－4级）（4607个）Aabsence n. 缺席,不在场;缺乏abundant a. 丰富的;大量的academic a. 学院的;学术的accelerate vt. (使)加快;促进acceptance n. 接受,验收;承认accommodation n. 招待设备;预定铺位accomplish vt. 达到(目的);完成accord vt. 使一致;给予accumulate vt. 积累vi. 堆积accustomed a. 惯常的;习惯的ach ie vement n. 完成;成就,成绩acquaintance n. 认识;了解;熟人a cq uire vt. 取得;获得;学到ad equate a. 足够的;可以胜任的administration n. 管理;管理部门admi ss ion n. 允许进入;承认aggressive a. 侵略的;好斗的agri culture n. 农业,农艺;农学alternative n.替换物;取舍,抉择a l titude n. 高,高度;高处ambul ance n. 救护车;野战医院analyse vt. 分析,分解,解析analysis n. 分析,分解,解析ancestor n. 祖宗,祖先ancient a. 古代的,古老的anticipate vt. 预料,预期,期望appl iance n. 用具,器具,器械appreciate vt. 欣赏;领会;感谢appropriate a. 适当的,恰当的approximate a. 近似的vt.近似arbitrary a. 随心所欲的;专断的architecture n. 建筑学;建筑式样artificial a. 人工的;娇揉造作的athlete n. 运动员;田径运动员atmosphere n. 大气;空气;气氛audience n. 听众,观众,读者authority n. 当局,官方;权力awkward a. 笨拙的;尴尬的Bbarrier n. 栅栏,屏障;障碍behavior n. 行为,举止,态度beneficial a. 有利的,有益的boundary n. 分界线,办界brilliant a. 光辉的;卓越的bureau n. 局,司,处;社,所Ccafeteria n. 自助食堂calculator n. 计算器,计算者calendar n. 日历,历书;历法campaign n. 战役;运动capacity n. 容量;能力;能量certainty n. 必然;肯定certificate n. 证书,证件,执照characteristic a. 特有的n. 特性cigarette n. 香烟,纸烟,卷烟circumst ance n. 情况,条件;境遇civilization n. 文明,文化;开化clarify vt. 澄清,阐明clumsy a. 笨拙的;愚笨的collapse vi. 倒坍;崩溃,瓦解colleague n. 同事,同僚commercial a. 商业的;商品化的commission n. 委任状;委员会comparison n. 比较,对照;比似competent a. 有能力的;应该做的complain t n. 抱怨;怨言;控告component n. 组成部分;分;组件comprehension n. 理解,理解力;领悟comprehensive a. 广泛的;理解的comprise vt. 包含,包括;构成compromise n. 妥协,和解conceal vt. 把…隐藏起来concrete n. 混凝土;具体物condemn vt. 谴责,指责;判刑condense vt. 压缩,使缩短conference n. 会议,讨论会confidence n. 信任;信赖;信心conquer vt. 征服,战胜;破除conquest n. 攻取,征服;克服conscience n. 良心,道德心conscious a. 意识到的;有意的consequence n. 结果,后果conservation n. 保存,保护;守恒conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人considerable a. 相当大的;重要的considerate a. 考虑周到的;体谅的consistent a. 坚持的,一贯的constitution n. 章程;体质;构造consumption n. 消耗量;消耗contemporary a. 当代的,同时代的contempt n. 轻蔑;藐视;受辱continent n. 大陆;陆地;洲continuous a. 连续不断的,持续的contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致;否认contrary a. 相反的n. 相反convenience n. 便利,方便;厕所convenient a. 便利的;近便的convince vt. 使确信,使信服cooperate vi. 合作,协作;配合coordinate vt. 使协调,调节cordial a. 真诚的,诚恳的correspondent n. 通信者;通讯员council n. 理事会,委员会creative a. 创造性的,创作的crearivitycriticism n. 批评;批判;评论curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心;珍品curious a. 好奇的;稀奇古怪的Ddairy n. 牛奶场;乳制品decade n. 十年,十年期deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗decent a. 正派的;体面的decorate vt. 装饰,装璜,修饰deduce vt. 演绎,推论,推断defence n. 防御;防务;辩护definitely ad. 一定地,明确地delegation n. 代表团delicate a. 纤细的;易碎的delicious a. 美味的,怡人的delivery n. 投递;交付;分娩demand vt. 要求;需要;询问democracy n. 民主,民主制democratic a. 民主的,民主政体的dependent a. 依靠的,依赖的deposit vt. 使沉淀;存放despair n. 绝望vi.绝望destination n. 目的地,终点;目标diameter n. 直径diligent a. 勤勉的,勤奋的dimension n. 尺寸,尺度;面积disaster n. 灾难,灾祸;天灾discipline n. 纪律;训练vt. 训练disguise vi. 隐瞒,掩埋n. 假装distinction n. 差别,不同,区分distinguish vt. 区别,辨别,认别distribution n. 分发,分配;分布disturb vt. 打扰,扰乱;弄乱diverse a. 不一样的,相异的domestic a. 本国的;家庭的dramatic a. 引人注目的,戏剧的drought n. 旱灾,干旱draughtdraftdying a. 垂死的;临终的dyeingdynamic a. 有活力的;动力的E economic a. 经济的,经济学的economical a. 节约的;经济学的efficiency n. 效率;功效,效能elaborate a. 复杂的;精心制作的electronic a. 电子的eliminate vt. 消灭,消除,排除elimination n. 消灭,排除,消除embarrass vt. 使窘迫,使为难emphasis n. 强调,重点,重要性emphasize vt. 强调,着重encounter vt. 遭遇,遇到n. 遭遇enforce vt. 实施,执行;强制enormous a. 巨大的,庞大的entertain vt. 使欢乐;招待enthusiastic a. 热情的,热心的environment n. 环境,外界;围绕equality n. 等同,平等;相等equivalent a. 相等的;等量的essential a. 必要的,本质的estimate vt. 估计,评价n. 估计evaluate vt. 评价,估…的价exaggerate vt.& vi. 夸大,夸张exceed vt. 超过,胜过;超出excellent a. 优秀的,杰出的excessive a. 过多的,极度的executive a. 执行的n. 执行者exhaust vt. 使筋疲力尽;用尽exist ence n. 存在,实在;生存exper ience n. 经验,感受;经历experimental a. 实验的,试验的expla i n vt. 解释;为…辩解expl an ation n. 解释,说明;辩解extremely ad. 极端,极其,非常Ffacility n. 设备;容易;便利faculty n. 才能,能力;系,科famine n. 饥荒;严重的缺乏faulty a. 有错误的,有缺点的favourite a. 特别受喜爱的February n. 二月fertile a. 肥沃的;多产的fertilizer n. 肥料festival n. 节日;音乐节fierce a. 凶猛的,狂热的finance n. 财政,金融;财源financial a. 财政的,金融的flourish vi. 繁荣,茂盛,兴旺fluent a. 流利的,流畅的foreign a. 外国的;外来的foreigner n. 外国人foundation n. 基础;地基;基金fountain n. 泉水,喷泉;源泉freight n. 货运;货物;运费frequency n. 屡次;次数;频率frequent a. 时常发生的;经常的frontier n. 边境;边疆;新领域fundamental a. 基础的,基本的furious a. 狂怒的;狂暴的Ggauge vt. 量,测量n. 量器generator n. 发电机;发生者genius n. 天才,天赋,天资genuine a. 真的;真正的geometry n. 几何,几何学glorious a. 光荣的;壮丽的government n. 政府;治理;政治grant n. 授给物vt. 授予grateful a. 感激的;令人愉快的gratitude a. 感激,感谢,感恩guarantee n. 保证;担保物guid ance n. 引导,指导,领导guilty a. 内疚的;有罪的gymnasium n. 体育馆,健身房Hhabitual a. 习惯性的,惯常的harmony /harmonious n. 调合,协调,和谐harness vt. 治理n. 马具,挽具headquarters n. 司令部;总部horizon n. 地平线;眼界,见识horizontal a. 地平的;水平的hostile a. 敌方的;不友善的hostilityhydrogen n. 氢Iideal a. 理想的;观念的identical a. 完全相同的;同一的identify vt. 认出,识别,鉴定ignorant /ignorance a. 不知道的;无知的ignore vt. 不顾,不理,忽视illegal a. 不合法的,非法的immediate a. 立即的;直接的immigrant n. 移民 a. 移民的independ ence n. 独立,自主,自立indifferent a. 冷漠的;不积极的indignant a. 愤慨的,义愤的indirect a. 间接的;不坦率的indispensable a. 必不可少的,必需的industrialize vt. 使工业化industry n. 工业,产业;勤劳in efficient a. 率低的,无能的inevitable a. 不可避免的,必然的inferior /inferiority a. 下等的;劣等的inferiorityinfluence n. 影响;势力vt. 影响influential a. 有影响的;有权势的inhabit vt. 居住于,栖息于inhabitant n. 居民,住户inherit vt. 继承(传统等)initial a. 最初的;词首的innocent a. 清白的,幼稚的inquiry n. 询问,打听;调查institute n. 研究所;学院institution n. 协会;制度,习俗instruct vt. 教;指示;通知instruction n. 命令;教学;教训instrument n. 仪器;工具;乐器insufficient a. 不足的;不适当的intellectual n. 知识分子 a. 智力的intelligence n. 智力;理解力;情报interfere vi. 干涉,干预;妨碍interference n. 干涉,干预;阻碍interpretation n. 解释;口译interruption n. 中断,打断;障碍物interval n. 间隔;休息;间距intimate a. 亲密的;个人的investigate vt.& vi. 调查investigation n. 调查,调查研究isolate vt. 使隔离,使孤立JJanuary n. 一月jealous a. 妒忌的;猜疑的journal n. 日报,杂志;日志journalist n. 记者,新闻工作者journey n. 旅行,旅程n.旅行L laboratory n. 实验室,研究室language n. 语言,语言课程legend n. 传说,传奇l ei sure n. 空闲时间;悠闲librarian n. 图书馆馆长license n. 许可;执照vt. 准许lightning n. 闪电,闪电放电liquor n. 酒;溶液,液剂literary a. 文学(上)的literature n. 文学;文献loyalty n. 忠诚,忠心luxury /luxurious n. 奢侈,奢华;奢侈品M magnificent n. 壮丽的;华丽的maint ain vt. 维持;赡养;维修maintenance n. 维持,保持;维修majority n. 多数,大多数manufacture vt. 制造n. 制造;产品manufacturer n. 制造商;制造厂marine a. 海的;海上的marr iage n. 结婚,婚姻;婚礼marvelous a. 奇迹般的;了不起的maximum n. 最大量 a. 最大的mayor n. 市长mechanic n. 技工,机械,机修工medium n. 媒质;中间 a. 中等的memorial a. 纪念的;记忆的memory n. 记忆;回忆;存储minimum n. 最小量 a. 最小的minute a. 微细的;详细的miracle n. 奇迹,令人惊奇的人missile n. 发射物;导弹moderate a. 温和的;有节制的moisture n. 潮湿,湿气;温度molecule n. 分子,克分子monument n. 纪念碑;纪念馆mosquito n. 蚊子motivate vt. 促动;激励,激发multiple a. 复合的;并联的multiply vt. 使增加;乘museum n. 博物馆;展览馆mysterious a. 神秘的;难以理解的N nationality n. 国籍;民族,族necessarily ad. 必然,必定necessary a. 要的;必然的necessity n. 必要性;必然性negative a. 否定的;消极的neglect vt. 忽视,忽略;疏忽neighbour n. 邻居,邻国,邻人nitrogen n. 氮nowadays ad. 现今,现在nucleus n. 核,核心;(原子)核numerous a. 为数众多的;许多O obstacle n. 障碍,障碍物,妨害occurrence n. 发生,出现;事件opponent n. 对手,敌手;对抗者optimistic a. 乐观的;乐观主义的option n. 选择,选择权ordinary a. 平常的;平凡的Pparl ia ment n. 议会,国会participate vi. 参与,参加;分享patience n. 忍耐,容忍,耐心peculiar a. 特有的;特别的peculiaritypenetrate vt. 穿过vi.穿入peninsula n. 半岛pension n. 抚恤金,年金perceive /perception vt. 察觉,发觉;理解perform ance n. 履行;演出;行为permanently ad. 永久地,持久地personnel n. 全体人员,全体职员perspective n. 透视;远景;观点pessimistic a. 悲观的;厌世的petroleum n. 石油phenomenon n. 现象pioneer n. 拓荒者;先驱者plantation n. 种植园;栽植portr ai t n. 肖像,画像possession n. 有,所有;占有物precaution n. 预防;警惕preceding a. 在前的;在先的preferable a. 更可取的,更好的preference n. 偏爱,优先;优先权prejudice n. 偏见,成见primarily ad. 首先;主要地primitive a. 原始的;粗糙的princip al a. 主要的n. 负责人princip le n. 原则,原理;主义privilege n. 特权,优惠probability n. 可能性;概率procedure n. 程序;手续;过程proclaim vt. 宣告,宣布;表明progressive a. 进步的;向前进的prohibit vt. 禁止,阻止prominent a. 实起的;突出的prosperity n. 繁荣;昌盛,兴旺protein n. 蛋白质,朊provision n. 供应;预备;存粮punctual a. 严守时刻的;准时的purchase n. 买,购买vt.买pursuit n. 追赶;追求;事务Q quantity n. 量,数量,分量quotation n. 引用;引文;报价单Rratio n. 比,比率realm n. 王国,国土;领域reap vt.& vi. 收割,收获receipt n. 收到;收条,收据reception a. 接待;招待会;接受recognition n. 认出,识别;承认recollect vt. 回忆,追忆,想起recommend vt. 推荐,介绍;劝告refreshment n. 茶点,点心,便餐refrigerator n. 冰箱,冷藏库refuge n. 避难,庇护;庇护者refusal n. 拒绝refuse vt. 拒绝vt. 拒绝refute vt. 驳斥,反驳,驳倒register n.& vt. 登记,注册reign n. 君主统治;支配reinforce vt. 增援,支援;加强rejoice vi. 欣喜,高兴relevant a. 有关的,贴切的reliability n. 可靠性reliable a. 可靠的,可信赖的reliance n. 信任,信赖,信心relief n. 减轻;救济;援救relieve vt. 减轻,解除;救济religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰religious a. 宗教的;虔诚的reluctant a. 不愿的,勉强的remarkable a. 异常的,非凡的remedy n.& vt 治疗;补救request n.& v. 请求,要求rescue vt.& n. 援救,营救resemble vt. 像,类似residence n. 居住;驻扎;住处resident a. 居住的n. 居民resign vt. 放弃vi. 辞职resignation n. 放弃,辞职,反抗resist vt.& vi. 抵抗,抵制resistance n. 抵抗;抵制;抵抗力resort vi.& n. 求助,凭借resource n. 资源,物力;办法restaurant n. 餐馆,饭店,菜馆restrain vt. 抑制,遏制;限制restraint n. 抑制;遏制;克制resume vt. 恢复;重新开始reveal vt. 展现;揭示,揭露revelationrevenge vt. 替…报仇n. 报仇reverse vt. 颠倒,翻转n. 背面rhythm n. 韵律,格律;节奏ridiculous a. 荒谬的,可笑的rival n. 竞争者 a. 竞争的rotary a. 旋转的,转动的rotate vi. 旋转vt. 使旋转routine n. 例行公事 a. 日常的rumour n. 谣言,谣传,传闻Ssacred a. 上帝的;神圣的sacrifice n.& vt. 牺牲;南祭satellite n. 卫星;人造卫星scarcely ad. 仅仅;几乎不schedule n. 时间表;计划表scheme n. 计划,规划;诡计semester n. 半年;学期,半学年separately ad. 分离地separation n. 分离,分开;分居September n. 九月sequence n. 连续,继续;次序session n. 会议，一段时间signature n. 署名,签字,签名significance n. 意义,意味;重要性significant n. 有意义的;重要的similarly ad. 类似地,相似地simplify vt. 简化,使单纯sincere a. 真诚的;真挚的sinceritysingular a. 单一的;非凡的singularitysolemn a. 庄严的;隆重的solmnitysophisticated a. 老于世故的;高级的specialist n. 专家speciality n. 专业,特长;特产specific a. 特有的;具体的specimen n. 样本,标本,样品spectacle n. 光景,景象;眼镜sphere n. 球,圆体;范围splendid a. 壮丽的;显著的sponsor n. 发起者vt. 发起spontaneous a. 自发的;本能的spur n. 刺激物vt. 刺激stability n. 稳定,稳定性,巩固stadium n. 露天大型运动场statistical a. 统计的,统计学的statue n. 塑像,雕像,铸像status n. 地位,身分steadily ad. 稳定地,不变地stimulate vt. 刺激,激励,激发strategy n. 战略;策略strength n. 力,力量,力气strengthen vt. 加强,巩固subsequent a. 随后的,后来的substantial a. 物质的;坚固的substitute n. 代替人vt. 用…代替subtract vt. 减,减去,去掉succession n. 连续;继任,继承successive a. 连续的;接连的sufficient a. 足够的,充分的superficial a. 表面的;肤浅的supplement n.& vt. 增补,补充supreme a. 最高的;最大的surgeon n. 外科医师;军医surgery n. 外科,外科手术surname n. 姓surrender vt. 交出vi. 投降survive vt. 幸免于vi. 活下来sympathetic a. 同情的;和谐的sympathize vi. 同情;同感,共鸣sympathy n. 同情;一致,同感synthetic a. 综合的;合成的systematic(al) a. 有系统的;有计划的T technician n. 技术员,技师technique n. 技术,技巧;技能tedious a. 冗长乏味的,沉闷的temperature n. 温度;体温temporary a. 暂时的,临时的temptation n. 诱惑,引诱tendency n. 趋向,趋势,倾向terminal a. 末端的n. 末端terrific a. 可怕的;极大的territory n. 领土,版图;领域theoretical a. 理论(上)的thermometer n. 温度计,寒暑表thorough a. 彻底的;详尽的threaten vt.& vi. 威胁,恐吓tolerance n. 忍受,容忍;公差tolerate vt. 忍受,容忍,宽恕tone n. 音;腔调;声调tongue n. 舌,舌头;语言transmission n. 传送;传动;发射transparent a. 透明的;易识破的tremendous a. 极大的,非常的triumph n. 凯旋;胜利vi. 成功tuition n. 教,教诲;学费turbulent a. 骚动的,骚乱的twentieth num. 第二十Uultimate a. 最后的,最终的ultimately ad. 最终,最后unconscious a. 不省人事的unique a. 唯一的,独一无二的universal a. 宇宙的;普遍的utility n. 效用,有用,实用utilize vt. 利用utmost a. 最远的n. 极限Vvariable a. 易变的n. 变量variety n. 多样化;种类;变种various a. 各种各样的,不同的vehicle n. 车辆,机动车velocity n. 速度,速率version n. 译文;说法;改写本vertical a. 垂直的,竖式的vessel n. 容器;船,飞船;管vibrate vt. 使颤动vi. 颤动vibration n. 颤动,振动;摆动victorious a. 胜利的,得胜的victory n. 胜利,战胜vitamin n. 维生素,维他命voluntary a. 自愿的,志愿的voyage n.& vi. 航海,航空Wwander vi. 漫游;迷路;离题wonderwarmth n. 暖和,温暖;热烈wedding n. 婚礼Wednesday n. 星期三welfare n. 幸福,福利Yyield vt.& vi. 出产n. 产量Zzealous a. 热心的,热情的。
英语作文中常用的关键词汇归纳与总结Title: Key Vocabulary for English Essays: A Comprehensive GuideIntroductionIn the realm of English essay writing, a strong vocabulary is paramount to effective communication and clarity. This article aims to compile and summarize essential keywords and phrases that will enhance your essays across various topics. By understanding and utilizing these key terms, you'll be able to express complex ideas with precision and finesse.1. Thesis Statement (论点) - A clear and concise statement that presents the main argument or point of your essay. It should be arguable and provide direction for the rest of your writing.2. Argumentation (论证) - The process of supporting your thesis through evidence, reasoning, and logical progression. Use words like "evidence," "reasoning," "counterarguments," and "proposition" to strengthen your stance.3. Supporting Evidence (论据) - Facts, examples, statistics, oranecdotes that back up your claims. Phrases such as "statistically significant," "case study," and "empirical research" are useful.4. Comparison and Contrast (比较与对比) - Techniques used to highlight similarities and differences between ideas or concepts. Keywords include "parallelism," "likewise," "on the other hand," and "contrasting."5. Cause and Effect (因果关系) - Exploring why something happens and its consequences. Use "therefore," "consequently," "due to," and "as a result" to show connections.6. Rhetorical Questions (修辞问题) - Used to engage readers or emphasize points. Phrases like "is it not evident?" or "who can deny this fact?" are rhetorical devices.7. Metaphors and Similes (比喻和拟人) - Literary devices to illustrate abstract concepts. Examples: "Life is a journey," "time is a thief," and "love is a rose."8. Irony (讽刺) - Used to express something unexpected or contradictory. Words like "hypocrisy," "double entendre," and"sarcasm" convey irony.9. Parallelism (平行结构) - Maintaining grammatical consistency in sentence structure for emphasis. Phrases like "we learn, grow, and adapt" demonstrate parallelism.10. Transitions (过渡词) - Words and phrases that connect ideas, paragraphs, or sections, such as "furthermore," "in addition," "however," and "therefore."11. Conclusion (结论) - Summarizing the main points and restating the thesis in a new light. Key phrases include "in conclusion," "to sum up," and "finally."12. Formal Language (正式语言) - Avoiding colloquialisms and using precise, technical terms for academic writing. Examples: "utilize," "endeavor," and "endeavour" instead of "use" or "try."Chinese Translation:在英语作文写作中，丰富的词汇是确保清晰表达的关键。
留学基金委听力考试词汇表(考过的和易错的) 1Aabsolutelyad.完好地;地abundanta.丰富的;大量的accomplish vt.达到(目的);达成accustomeda.常的;的address n.地址;演;吐adequate a.足的;能够任的admission n.允入;承advertisement n.广告;通告;登广告advisable n.理智的;可取的aeroplane n.机afraid a.惧怕的;担忧的agency n.;代理;代理agent n.代理人,代理商agriculture n.,;学ahead ad.在前;向前;提早alcohol n.酒精,乙醇alphabet n.字母表,字母系alternative n.替物;弃取,抉aluminium n.ampere n.安培amplify vt.放大,增;大analyse vt.剖析,分解,分析analysis n.剖析,分解,分析anchor n.vi.抛,停靠angel n.天使,神差,安琪儿anger n.怒,怒vt.使怒angle n.角,角度angry a.怒的,生气的annoy vt.使怒;打anxiety n.焦,;盼望anxious a.的;盼望的apparatus n.器材,器;器官appearance n.出,到达;外appetite n.食欲,胃口;欲念appliance n.器具,器具,器材applicable a.能用的;合适的appoint vt.任命,任命;定appointment n.任命;定,会approach vt.向⋯凑近n.凑近appropriate a.合适的,合适的approval n.成,赞同;赞同approve vt.成,称;赞同2approximate a.近似的vt.近似approximately ad.近似地,大Arabian a.阿拉伯的arbitrary a.为所欲为的;断的architecture n.建筑学;建筑式argument n.争,;原因arithmetic n.算,四运算arrangement n.整理,摆列;安排arrival n.抵达;到来;抵达者artificial a.人工的;揉做作的artistic a.的;家的ashamed a.愧(的);羞愧(的)Asia n.洲assembly n.会合;集合;装置assess vt.(等)估价assign vt.指派;分派;指定assignment n.任,指定的作assist vt.救助,帮助;扶assistant n.助手,助理;助教associate vi.交往n.伙伴,同事assume vt.假设;肩负;呈astonish vt.使惊,使惊讶astronaut n.宇宙航行,宇航athlete n.运;田径运atmospheric a.大气的;大气的attentive a.注意的;有礼貌的attitude n.度,见解;姿attractive a.有吸引力的attribute vt.把⋯因于n.属性author n.作者,作家authority n.当局,官方;力auto n.(口)汽automatic a.自的;机械的automation n.自,自化automobile n.汽,机auxiliary a.助的;隶属的available a.可利用的;通用的avenue n.林道,道路;大街aviation n.航空,航空学awful a.令人不快乐的awfully ad.令人恐惧的;很awkward a.蠢笨的;尬的ax n.斧子axis n.,;中心23bacteria badminton baggage ballbang banner barn barrel barrier basically basis basket bay beautiful beginning behalf behave behavior beneficial besides betray beyond bicycle bind biscuit bitter bitterly blade blast blaze block bloom blossom boast booth border borrow bosom bother bough bound B菌羽毛球行李球,球状物;舞会巨响,声;猛旗,旗,横幅谷;牲畜棚桶;筒;管,屏障;阻碍ad.基本上基,依据,,筐湾;山脉中的凹美的,美的开始,初步;发源利益,,支持表,止;运行,止,度有利的,有利的ad.并且prep.除⋯以外a.vt. 背叛;辜;泄露b.prep.在⋯的那c.自行,脚踏vt.捆;包扎;装d.(英)干;(美)e.难过的;寒的ad.苦苦地;沉痛地f.刀刃,刀片;叶片g.爆炸,冲波vt.炸h.火;光vi.燃i.街区vt.拥塞,阻j.花;开花,开花期k.花,开花vi.开花l.自夸vt.吹捧m.;公用亭n.,;界vt.借,借用,借人o.胸,胸部;心里p.vt.,诱惑n.麻q.枝r.必定的;有的brass n.黄;黄器breadth n.度,幅度;幅面breast n.乳房;胸脯,胸膛breath n.气味,呼吸;气味breathe vi.呼吸vt.呼吸brighten vt.使光;使快活brilliant a.光的;优秀的brisk a.活的;清爽的Britain n.不列,英国British a.不列的,英邦的brittle a.脆的;易坏的bronze n.青;青制品bruise n.青,痕;擦bucket n.水桶;吊桶;斗build vt.建筑;成立;立bulk n.物体,容,大量bull n.公牛;雄的象bunch n.束,球,串;一群bundle n.捆,包,束;包袱bureau n.局,司,;社,所business n.商,买卖;事Ccabbage n.洋白菜,卷心菜cabin n.小屋;船,机cabinet n.橱,柜;内cafeteria n.自助食堂calculate vt.算;估;划calculator n.算器,算者calendar n.日,;法campaign n.役;运candidate n.候人;投考者canteen n.小部;餐室capable a.有能力的,有才能的capacity n.容量;能力;能量carbon n.碳career n.生涯,,cassette n.盒式音;盒子casual a.有时的;随意的celebrate vt.祝;歌,美centimetre n.公分,厘米central a.中心的;主要的centre n.中心;中枢vt.集中ceremony n.典礼,式;礼34certificate n.证书,证件,执照concern n.关怀,牵挂;关系challenge n.挑战;要求,需要concert n.音乐会,演奏会champion n.冠军,获胜者conclude vt.推测出;结束chemical a.化学的n.化学制品conclusion n.结论,推论;结尾chemist n.化学家;药剂师concrete n.混凝土;详细物chemistry n.化学condemn vt.斥责,谴责;判刑chief a.主要的;首席的condense vt.压缩,使缩短Christian n.基督教徒;信徒confess vt.招供,认可;坦率Christmas n.圣诞节confidence n.相信;信任;信心cigarette n.香烟,纸烟,卷烟confident n.确信的,自信的circumstance n.状况,条件;境遇confine vt.限制;禁闭citizen n.公民;市民,居民conquer vt.征服,战胜;破除civil a.公民的;文职的conquest n.攻取,征服;战胜civilize vt.使文明;教育conscience n.良知,道德心coal n.煤,煤块conscious a.意识到的;存心的coarse a.粗的,粗拙的consciousness n.意识,觉醒;知觉coast n.海岸,海滨(地域)consent n.赞同,同意vi.赞同collapse vi.倒坍;崩溃,崩溃conservation n.保存,保护;守恒colleague n.同事,同僚conservative a.守旧的n.守旧的人combination n.联合,联合;化合consistent a.坚持的,一向的command vt.命令,指挥;控制constant a.常常的;永久的comment n.议论,建议;说明construct vt.建筑;建设;修建commerce n.商业,贸易;交际construction n.建筑;建筑;建筑物commercial a.商业的;商品化的consult vt.讨教,查阅commission n.任命状;委员会consume vt.耗费,花费;消灭commit vt.犯(错误);干(坏事)contemporary a.今世的,同时代的committee n.委员会;全体委员contempt n.轻视;渺视;受辱community n.社区;社会;公社contest vt.抢夺,争取;反驳comparative a.比较的,相对的continent n.大陆;陆地;洲compete vi.竞赛;竞争;抗衡continual a.不停的;连续的competent a.有能力的;应当做的continue vt.连续,连续;延长competition n.竞争,竞赛continuous a.连续不停的,连续的complete a.完好的;达成的contrary a.相反的n.相反complex a.联合的;复杂的contrast n.对照,比较,悬殊complicate vt.使复杂;使堕入contribute vt.捐赠,捐助;投稿component n.构成部分;分;组件convenience n.便利,方便;卫生间composition n.构成;作品;写作convenient a.便利的;近便的comprehension n.理解,理解力;意会convention n.风俗,老例;条约comprehensive a.宽泛的;理解的conventional a.一般的;习惯的comprise vt.包含,包含;构成conversation n.会话,非正式会商compromise n.妥协,和解conversion n.转变,转变;改变concentrate vt.集中;齐集;浓缩convince vt.使确信,使服气concentration n.集中;专注;浓缩coordinate vt.使协调,调理concept n.观点,观点,假想cordial a.真挚的,诚心的45core n.果的心,核心despite prep.不论,不correspond vi.相切合;相当destination n.目的地,点;目correspondent n.通讯者;通destroy vt.损坏;消;打破corridor n.走廊,回廊,通路destruction n.损坏,,消council n.理事会,委会determination n.信心;决定;确立crawl vi.爬,爬行determine vt.决定;明;信心crisis n.危机;生死之devise vt.,明critic n.批家,挑剔的人devote vt.将⋯奉献,致力于critical a.决定性的;批的diagram n.解,表,criticism n.批;批评;dictate vt.&vi.口传;命令criticize vt.批;;非dictation n.口传笔,听写cultivate vt.耕;种植;培育diligent a.勤恳的,勤的curiosity n.好奇,好奇心;珍品dimension n.尺寸,尺度;面curious a.好奇的;稀罕异异的disappoint vt.使绝望,使受挫折D disaster n.灾,灾;天灾discipline n.律;vt.declare vt.断言;申明;表示discuss vt.,;述decorate vt.装,装璜,修disguise vi.,掩埋n.假装defect n.弊端,缺点,短缺disgust n.,憎defence n.防守;防;disposal n.掉,理,defend vt.保,防守dispute vi.争,争n.争define vt.⋯下定;限制dissatisfy vi.使不,使不平definite a.明确的;必定的dissolve vt.使溶解;解散definitely ad.必定地,明确地distinct a.与其余不一样的definition n.定,;定界distinction n.差,不一样,划分delegation n.代表distinguish vt.区,辨,delicate a.的;易碎的distress n.,悲;不幸demand vt.要求;需要;distribute vt.分,分送;散布democracy n.民主,民主制district n.区;地域,地区democratic a.民主的,民主政体的diverse a.不一的,相异的demonstrate vt.明;;显露division n.分,分派;除法dense a.密集的;厚的divorce n.离婚,离异vi.离婚deposit vt.使积淀;寄存dormitory n.集体卧室;宿舍depth n.深度;深沉;深dramatic a.惹人注视的,的descend vi.下来,降落;下durable a.持久的,耐用的describe vt.形容;描绘,描duration n.持,长久description n.描绘,形容;种dynamic a.有活力的;力的desert n.荒漠vt.离弃;擅离Edeserve vt.受,得desirable a.得相望的;可取的earnest a.真的,的desire vt.相望;要求n.梦想easily ad.简单地;舒坦的despair n.望vi.望economic a.的,学的desperate a.拼命的;望的economy n.;,省despise vt.鄙,蔑effective a.有效的;有影响的56efficiency n.效率;功能,效能exist vi.存在;生计,生活efficient a.效率高的,有能力的existence n.存在,在;生计elaborate a.复的;精心制作的expansion n.大,充;elementary a.基本的;初的expectation n.期望,希望,期elevator n.梯;起落机exploit vt.盘剥;利用;开辟eliminate vt.消,除去,清除explore vt.&vi.探,探究embarrass vt.使窘况,使explosion n.爆炸,爆,炸裂embrace vt.抱;包含;包export vt.出,出口;运走emperor n.皇帝expose vt.使裸露;揭穿emphasis n.,要点,重要性exposure n.裸露;揭穿;曝光emphasize vt.,侧重extensive a.广的;宽泛的empire n.帝国extent n.广度;范;程度endure vt.忍耐;容忍extra a.外的ad.专门enforce vt.施,行;制extreme a.极度的;尽的engage vt.使从事于;聘任Fenormous a.巨大的,大的entertain vt.使;款待factory n.工厂,制造厂enthusiasm n.情,心,忱faculty n.才能,能力;系,科enthusiastic a.情的,心的Fahrenheit n.氏温度envelope n.信封;封套;封皮failure n.失;失的人environment n.境,外界;false a.不真的;造的equivalent a.相等的;等量的famine n.荒;重的缺少essential a.必需的,本的famous a.有名的,有名的estimate vt.估,价n.估fancy n.想象力;想;好European a.欧洲的n.欧洲人fatigue n.疲,累evaporate vt.使蒸vi.蒸fault n.弊端;失;故障event n.事件,大事;事favourable a.有利的;成的eventually ad.于;最后favourite a.特受喜的evidence n.依据;据,人feasible a.行的;可能的evident a.明的,理解的federal a.邦的;盟的evolution n.化,演化;展feeble a.衰弱的;轻微的exact a.切实的;精准的fertile a.肥饶的;多的exaggerate vt.&vi.夸张,夸fertilizer n.肥料examine vt.,仔察fetch vt.拿来;来,接去excellent a.秀的,优秀的fibre n.,exception n.例外,除外figure n.数字;外形;人物excess n.超越;量;度finance n.政,金融;源excessive a.多的,极度的financial a.政的,金融的exclusively ad.地flame n.火焰;光;情execute vt.将⋯死;施flare vi.耀vt.使亮executive a.行的n.行者flash n.光vi., exert vt.尽(力),运用flavour n.味,滋味;味exhibit vt.示;列,展flexible a.易曲折的;灵巧的exhibition n.展,列;展会flour n.面粉,粉;粉状物67flourish vi.繁华,旺盛,旺glorious a.荣耀的;壮的fluent a.流畅的,流的glory n.荣耀;荣誉的事flush vi.奔腾;()govern vt.治,治理;支配foreign a.外国的;外来的government n.政府;治理;政治foreigner n.外国人gradual a.逐的;的fortunately ad.好运地,幸gradually ad.逐地,逐渐地found vt.立,;成立gramme n.克(重量位) foundation n.基;地基;基金grammar n.法;法fourteen num.十四,第十四grammatical a.法上的fourth num.第四,四分之一graph n.(曲),表fraction n.小部分;片断;分数grateful a.感谢的;令人快乐的fragment n.碎片,破片,碎gratitude a.感谢,感,感恩France n.法国,法西greeting n.候,招呼,致敬freight n.运;物;运grip vt.握,抓牢n.握French a.法国的n.法国人grocer n.食品商;商frequency n.频频;次数;率grocery n.食品店frequent a.常生的;常的growth n.增;增量;生friendly a.友好的,友的guarantee n.保;担保物frontier n.境;疆;新域guard vt.守;看守n.兵frost n.冰,寒;霜guidance n.引,指,fulfil vt.执行;足;达成guide n.游者vt.⋯游fund n.金;基金;存款gymnasium n.体育,健身房fundamental a.基的,基本的Hfuneral n.葬礼,礼,葬furious a.狂怒的;狂暴的habitual a.性的,常的furnish vt.供,供给;装hamburger n.堡包,牛肉furniture n.家具;装置,handkerchief n.手帕G harbour n.海港,港口vt.庇harmony n.合,,和garage n.;加油站harness vt.治理n.具,挽具garbage n.垃圾,物,料hatred n.憎,仇恨,愤恨gaseous a.气体的,气的hawk n.,隼gasoline n.(美)汽油hazard n.危;公害gauge vt.量,量n.量器headquarters n.司令部;部gay a.快的;明的heap n.(一)堆;大量generous a.慨的;厚的hedge n.笆,;阻碍物genius n.天才,天,天helmet n.盔,盔genuine a.真的;真切的heroine n.女主角;女英豪geography n.地理,地理学hesitate vi.踌躇,迟疑;含糊geometry n.几何,几何学hint n.表示,表示;建giant n.巨人;巨物hire vt.租借n.租用,聘任glide vi.滑;消失n.滑行hobby n.余好,嗜好globe n.地球,世界;地界holy a.神圣的;圣的gloomy a.黑暗的;令人沮的honour n.荣耀;敬爱,敬意78honourable a.的;荣耀的inhabitant n.居民,住horizon n.地平;眼界,initial a.最先的;首的host n.主人;道主inquire vt.探询,; hostess n.女主人;空姐insist vi.持;持要求hostile a.方的;不友好的inspect vt.,;humble a.的;地位低下的installation n.安装;装置;施humid a.湿的,湿气重的instance n.例子,例,案例humorous a.富于风趣的,的instant n.瞬a.立刻的humour n.风趣,,风趣感instinct n.本能;直;生性hydrogen n.institute n.研究所;学院I institution n.会;制度,俗instruct vt.教;指示;通知identical a.完好同样的;同一的instruction n.命令;教课;教idiom n.,成instrument n.器;工具;器ignorant a.不知道的;无知的insufficient a.不足的;不合适的ignore vt.不,不理,忽insurance n.保;保illegal a.不合法的,非法的insure vt.⋯保;保证illustrate vt.(用等)明intellectual n.知分子a.智力的illustration n.明,解;例intelligence n.智力;理解力;情imaginary a.想象中的,假想的intelligent a.明的;理智的imagination n.想象;想象力;幻想intensity n.烈,烈;度imagine vt.想象,想;猜想intensive a.加的;精耕种的immediately ad.立刻;直接地intention n.意,意愿,目的immense a.巨大的;极好的intentional a.成心的,存心的immigrant n.移民a.移民的intermediate a.中的;中的importance n.重要;重要性internal a.内的;国内的important a.重要的;有力的interpret vt.解,明;口impression n.印;印象;印interpretation n.解;口improve vt.使更好vi.改良invent vt.明,造;假造improvement n.改,改良;改investigate vt.&vi.incident n.生的事;事件investment n.投,投,投入increasingly ad.日趋,愈来愈多地invitation n.邀,款待;柬indefinite a.不明确的;不定的isolate vt.使隔绝,使孤立indicate vt.示,表示;表示Italian a.意大利的n.意大利人indication n.指示;表示;表示Jindignant a.慨的,的indispensable a.必不行少的,必需的jam vt.使塞;使拥塞individual a.个的;独到的jewel n.宝石;宝石物inevitable a.不行防止的,必然的jewish a.犹太人的infect vt.染;感染journal n.日,志;日记infer vt.推,推测;猜想journalist n.者,新工作者inferior a.低等的;低等的journey n.旅行,旅途n.旅行infinite a.无穷的;无数的junior a.年少的n.晚inhabit vt.居住于,栖息于justice n.正,公正;司法89K maintenance n.持,保持;修major a.大的n.kitchen n.厨房,灶majority n.多半,大部分kneel vi.跪,跪下,跪着manage vt.管理;法;付knowledge n.知,学;知道management n.管理;,理L manager n.理,管理人manual a.体力的n.手册label n.;,符号manufacture vt.制造n.制造;品laboratory n.室,研究室marriage n.婚,婚姻;婚礼language n.言,言程marvelous a.奇观般的;了不起的launch vt.射,投射;match n.比,;手laundry n.洗衣房,洗衣店material n.资料;素材a.物的lavatory n.盥洗室,所mathematical a.数学的,数学上的lawn n.草地,草坪,草mathematics n.数学league n.联盟,盟;合会maths n.(英)数学lean vi.斜,屈身;靠mature a.成熟的vt.使成熟leather n.皮革;皮革制品maximum n.最大量a.最大的leisure n.空;悠meadow n.草地,牧草地liable a.易于⋯的;可能的meantime n.其,其ad.当liberal a.气度大的;大方的measurable a.可量的library n.;藏measurement n.权衡,量;尺寸license n.可;照vt.准mechanic n.技工,机械,机修工lieutenant n.中尉;副官mechanical a.机械的;力学的limb n.肢,臂,翼;枝mechanically ad.机械地lime n.石灰mechanics n.力学;技性liquid n.液体a.液体的melt vi.消融vt.使消融liquor n.酒;溶液,液memorial a.念的;的literary a.文学(上)的memory n.;回;存literature n.文学;文件menu n.菜;菜,菜肴loaf n.一条面包,一个面包merchant n.商人;零售商loan n.款;借vt.借出mercury n.水,汞lodge vi.住,借宿,投宿mercy n.仁爱,慈善,恩泽loss n.失;失;失merit n.,点;功loyal a.忠的,忠心的message n.信息,信息;启迪loyalty n.忠,忠心messenger n.送信者,信使luggage n.行李;皮箱,皮包microphone n.筒,麦克M microscope n.微midst n.中部,中,中间machine n.机器;机械millimetre n.毫米magic n.魔法,巫;法mineral n.物a.物的magnet n.磁,磁石,磁体minimum n.最小量a.最小的magnetic a.磁的,有吸引力的minister n.部,大臣;公使magnificent n.壮的;的ministry n.(政府的)部maintain vt.持;养;修minority n.少量;少量民族910minus a.负的prep.减(去)nowadays ad.当今,此刻minute n.分,分钟;一会儿nuclear a.原子核的;核心的miserable a.难过的,凄惨的nucleus n.核,核心;(原子)核missile n.发射物;导弹nuisance n.厌烦的东西mission n.使命,任务;使团numerous a.为数众多的;很多Mister n.先生nylon n.尼龙,耐纶mistress n.女主人;夫人Omobile a.运动的;流动的mode n.方式,款式object vi.反对;抱厌烦moderate a.平和的;有克制的objection n.反对,异议;不喜爱modern a.现代的,近代的objective a.客观的;无偏见的modest a.有克制的;谦逊的oblige vt.迫使;施恩泽于moist a.润湿的;多雨的observation n.注意;察看;察看力moisture n.湿润,湿气;温度observe vt.恪守;看到;说monitor n.班长;监督器observer n.察看员,观察者monument n.纪念碑;纪念馆obstacle n.阻碍,阻碍物,妨碍moral a.道德的;符合道德的obtain vt.获取,获取,买到mortal a.终有一死的;致死的obvious a.明显的,不言而喻的motivate vt.促动;激励,激发obviously ad.明显地,明显地motive n.动机,目的occasion n.场合,时辰;机遇mourn vi.哀思,悼念occasional a.有时的;暂时的movie n.电影;电影院occasionally ad.有时;非常常地multiple a.复合的;并联的occupation n.占据,据有;职业museum n.博物馆;展览馆occupy vt.占据;占,据有mutual a.互相的;共同的occurrence n.发生,出现;事件mysterious a.神奇的;难以理解的ocean n.大海;洋mystery n.神奇;神奇的事物October n.十月N odour n.气味,香气;滋味offend vt.冲犯vi.犯过失naturally ad.自然地;天然地omit vt.省略,省去;遗漏naughty a.调皮的,调皮的operate vi.操作;实行手术naval n.海军的,军舰的operator n.操作人员,接线员navigation n.航行;航海术;导航opponent n.敌手,敌手;抗衡者necessarily ad.必然,必然opportunity n.机遇,良机necessary a.要的;必然的oppose vt.反对;抗争necessity n.必需性;必然性opposite a.对面的n.对峙物negative a.否认的;悲观的oppress vt.压迫,压制;压迫neglect vt.忽视,忽视;大意optical a.眼的;光学的neighbour n.街坊,邻国,街坊optimistic a.乐观的;乐观主义的neutral a.中立的;中性的option n.选择,选择权niece n.侄女,外甥女orbit n.运转轨道vt.围绕noticeable a.不言而喻的;重要的orchestra n.管弦乐队novel n.小说a.新的order n.序次;齐整vt.命令November n.十一月orderly a.整齐的;有次序的1011ordinary a.平时的;平庸的pardon n.原;赦免vt.原ore n.,石,砂parliament n.会,国会organ n.器官;机构;管琴partial a.部分的;不公正的organic a.有机体的;器官的partially ad.部分地organism n.生物体;有机体participate vi.参加,参加;分享organization n.;体,机构particle n.粒子,微粒oriental a.方的;方国家的particular a.特别的;特定的origin n.发源,由来;出身particularly ad.特,特别,分外original a.最先的;新的passage n.通;通路,通道ornament n.装物;装passenger n.乘客,游客,路人orphan n.孤儿passion n.激情,情;好ought v.aux.当,passive a.被的;悲观的ounce n.盎司,英两paste n.糊,;湖outlet n.出口,出路;排解pastime n.消遣,outlook n.点,见解;展望patch n.;碎片vt.outset n.开始,初步patience n.忍耐,容忍,耐心outskirt n.外,郊区pattern n.型,式,模,模型overcome vt.,战胜pause n.&vi.中断,停overhead a.在上的;架空的pave vt.,筑(路等)overlook vt.瞭望;看漏;听任pavement n.(英)人行道overtake vt.追上,追上;倒pear n.梨子,梨overtime a.超的,加班的pearl n.珍珠;珍珠母owe vt.欠;把⋯功于peasant n.民owl n.猫,pebble n.卵石,P peculiar a.独有的;特的peel vt.剥(皮),削(皮)pace n.步,步速vi.踱步peep vi.(从隙中)看pacific a.和平的n.太平洋penetrate vt.穿vi.穿入packet n.小包(裹),小捆peninsula n.半pad n.;簿本vt.填塞pension n.恤金,年金pail n.桶,提桶perceive vt.察,;理解paint vt.画;油漆vi.画percentage n.百分比,百分率painting n.油画;画;着色perfect a.完满的;完好的pale a.白的;浅的perfectly ad.很,完好palm n.手掌,手心;掌状物perform vt.执行,行;演出pan n.平底,子performance n.执行;演出;行pane n.窗格玻璃perfume n.香味,芬芳;香料panel n.小;面,板period n.期;学;句号pant n.气喘;心跳permanently ad.永远地,长久地parade n.游行;vi.游行permission n.允,可,赞同paradise n.伊甸园;天堂permit vt.允n.照paragraph n.(文章的)段,personnel n.全体人,全体parallel a.平行的;同样的perspective n.透;景;点parcel n.包裹,小包,包persuade vt.服vi.被服1112petrol n.(英)汽油poisonous a.有毒的,有害的petroleum n.石油pole n.杆,柱phase n.阶段;方面;相位police n.警察;警察当局phenomenon n.现象policy n.政策,目标philosopher n.哲学家polish vt.磨光;使优美philosophy n.哲学;真理;人生观polite a.有礼貌的;有修养的photographic a.拍照的,拍照用的political a.政治的,政治上的phrase n.短语;习习用语politician n.政治家;政客physical a.物质的;物理的politics n.政治,政治学;政纲physician n.医生,内科医生pollution n.污染physicist n.物理学家pond n.池塘physics n.物理学population n.人口;全体居民pick n.镐,鹤嘴锄porch n.门廊,进口处piece n.碎片,块vt.拼合porridge n.粥,麦片粥pierce vt.剌穿vi.穿入portable a.轻巧的;手提的pigeon n.鸽子porter n.搬运工人pile n.堆vt.堆叠,积累portion n.一部分;一分pill n.药丸,丸剂portrait n.肖像,画像pillar n.柱,柱子;栋梁Portuguese n.葡萄牙人;葡萄牙语pillow n.枕头position n.地点;职位;姿势pilot n.领航员;飞翔员positive a.确立的;踊跃的pinch vt.捏,拧,掐掉possess vt.占用,拥有(财产)pint n.品脱possession n.有,所有;据有物pioneer n.开荒者;前驱者possibility n.可能;可能的事pipe n.管子,导管;烟斗possible a.可能的;可能存在的pistol n.手枪postage n.邮费,邮资pit n.坑,地坑;煤矿postpone vt.延缓,推延,延缓pitch n.沥青pot n.锅,壶,罐,盆pity n.同情;遗憾vt.同情potential a.潜伏的n.潜力plain n.平原a.清楚的pound n.磅;英磅plane n.平面;飞机pound vt.捣碎;舂烂;猛击planet n.行星pour vt.灌,倒vi.倾注plantation n.种植园;栽种poverty n.贫困,贫困plate n.板,片,盘vt.电镀practical a.实践的;适用的platform n.平台;站台;讲台practically ad.实质上;几乎pleasure n.快乐,快乐;乐事practice n.实践;练习;业务plentiful a.丰富的,富饶的practise vt.练习,实习,训练plough n.犁vt.&vi.犁,耕praise n.赞誉,赞叹vi.赞誉pluck vt.采,摘;拉下n.拉pray vt.&vi.恳求;祷告plug n.塞子;插头vt.塞prayer n.祷告,乞求plunge vt.使投入;使堕入precaution n.预防;警惕plural a.复数的n.复数preceding a.在前的;在先的poetry n.诗,诗歌,诗作precious a.宝贵的,可贵的poison n.毒,毒药vt.迫害precise a.精准的,正确的1213precision n.精准,精细,精细度proclaim vt.宣布,宣布;表示predict v.预知,预告,展望produce vt.生产;产生;显现preface n.序言,序言,引语product n.产品,产物;(乘)积prefer vt.宁愿,宁愿production n.生产;产品;总产量preferable a.更可取的,更好的productive a.生产的;富饶的preference n.独爱,优先;优先权profession n.职业prejudice n.偏见,偏见professor n.教授preliminary a.预备的,初步的profit n.好处;收益vi.受益premier n.总理,首相program n.节目单;纲领;程序preparation n.准备,预备;制备progress n.行进,进展;进步prepare vt.&vi.准备,预备progressive a.进步的;向行进的preposition n.前置词,介词prohibit vt.严禁,阻挡prescribe vt.命令;处(方)project n.方案,工程vi.伸出presence n.列席,列席;在prominent a.实起的;突出的presently ad.一会儿;当前promise n.誓言;盼望vt.许诺preserve vt.保护;保存;腌渍promising a.有希望的;有前程的president n.总统;校长;会长promote vt.促使,弘扬;提高press vt.压,按,揿;督促prompt a.实时的vt.督促pressure n.压力;压,按pronunciation n.发音,发音法pretend vt.假托,借口vi.假装proof n.凭证;证明;校样pretty a.美丽的,标致的proper a.合适的;符合体统的prevail vi.胜,优越;流行properly ad.合适地;完全地prevent vt.预防,防备;阻挡property n.财产,财产;性质previous a.先的;前的ad.在前proportion n.比,比率,部分priest n.教士,牧师,神父proportional a.比率的;相当的primarily ad.第一;主要地proposal n.建议,建议;求婚primary a.最先的;基本的propose vt.建议vi.求婚prime a.首要的n.春,青春prospect n.展望;远景,前程primitive a.原始的;粗拙的prosperity n.繁华;鼎盛,兴盛prince n.王子,亲王prosperous a.繁华的,鼎盛的princess n.公主,王妃protect vt.保护,捍卫,戒备principal a.主要的n.负责人protection n.保护,戒备principle n.原则,原理;主义protective a.保护的,防备的prior a.在先的;优先的protein n.蛋白质,朊prison n.牢狱,监管protest vt.&vi.&n.抗议private a.个人的;私下的province n.省;领域,部门privilege n.特权,优惠provision n.供给;预备;存粮probability n.可能性;概率psychological a.心理的,心理学的probable a.或有的;大体的pulse n.脉搏;脉冲,脉动probably ad.也许,大体pump n.泵vt.用抽机抽procedure n.程序;手续;过程punch vt.冲出n.冲压机proceed vi.进行;连续进行punctual a.严按时辰的;准时的process n.过程;工序vt.加工puppet n.木偶,玩偶;傀儡procession n.队伍,队列purchase n.买,购置vt.买131415purify vt. 使纯净,使干净 recitevt.&vi.背诵,朗读 purityn.纯净;贞洁;纯度 recognition n.认出,辨别;认可 purpose n.目的;企图;成效 recollectvt.回想,追想,想起 purse n.钱包,小钱包,手袋 recommendvt.介绍,介绍;劝说 pursue vt.追赶,追踪;进行recommendatio n.介绍,介绍;劝说pursuitn.追赶; 追求事务 n;reduction n.减少,减小,减少 Qrefine vt.&vi.精华,提纯qualify vt. 使拥有资格reflect vt.反射;反应;思虑quality n. 质量 ; 质量特征refugen.逃难,包庇;包庇者,n.quantity n. 量 数目重量refusal 拒绝, ,quarrel n.争执,吵嘴,吵嘴 refuse vt. 拒绝vt.拒绝 quart n.夸脱(=vt.品脱)refute vt.反驳,反驳,反驳 quarter n. 四分之一;一刻钟 region n.地域,地带;领域 quarterly a. 季度的ad.季度地register n.&vt.登记,注册 queue n. 队列vi. 排队等待 regretvt.懊悔;对不起n. 懊悔 quilt n.被(子) rehearsal n.排演,排演;练习 quit vt.走开,退出;停止reinforce vt.增援,增援;增强 quizn. 小型考试测试rejoice vi. 惊喜,快乐 ,quotation n. 引用 ; 引文报价单relativea. 有关系的;相对的;quotevt.引用,引证;报价relatively ad. 相对地,比较地 R relativity n. 有关性;相对性relevanta. 有关的,贴切的racket n. 球拍reliability n. 靠谱性 radiate vi. 发射光芒;辐射 reliable a. 靠谱的,可信任的 radish n. 小萝卜 reliance n.相信,信任,信心 radius n. 半径relief n.减少;救援;援救 raid n. 侵袭;忽然搜寻relieve vt.减少,排除;救援 rare a. 稀疏的罕有的religion n. 宗教;宗教崇奉;a. 宗教的;忠诚的rarely ad. 极少,难得 religious ration. 比,比率reluctant a. 不肯的,牵强的 rational a. 理性的出于理性的render vt.表示,赐予;使得;razor n. 剃刀repair vt.&n.维修,维修readily ad. 愿意地;无困难地 repentvi. 悔过,改过vt. 懊悔 reading n.读,阅读;念书 repetition n. 重复,频频 reality n. 现实;真切 representvt.描述;代表;象征 realize vt. 实现;认识到 representative a. 代表性的n.代表 realm n.王国,领土;领域reproach vt.&n.责怪,谴责 reap vt.&vi. 收割,收获 reputation n.声誉,名望;好名望 rear n.后部,后边;反面 rescuevt.&n.援救,救援 rear vt.抚育,培育;种植resemble vt. 像,近似 receipt n. 收到 ; 收据收据reserve vt.贮备,保存;预约, reserviorn. 水库;蓄水池receive vt. 收到 ; 获取招待;receivern. 收受者,收件人resignationn.放弃,离职,抗争14resist vt.&vi.抵挡,抵制resolution n.决,定;决定resolve vt.解决;信心n.信心resort vi.&n.求援,依靠response n.作答,回答;响responsibility n.任,任心;responsible a.有任的;尽的restaurant n.餐,店,菜restless a.不平定的,焦的restrain vt.克制,截止;限制restraint n.克制;截止;控制restrict n限制,限制,束restriction n.限制,限制,束resume vt.恢复;从头开始retreat vi.(被迫)退缩,退后revenge vt.替⋯仇n.仇reverse vt.倒,翻n.反面review vt.再n.复revise vt.修,校;改正revolt vi.&n.抗争,造反revolution n.革命;旋,revolutionary a.革命的n.革命者rhythm n.韵律,格律;奏rib n.肋,肋骨ribbon n.,;rid vt.使脱,使去掉riddle n.,ride vi.&n.,乘rider n.的人;乘的人ridge n.脊;岭,山脉;ridiculous a.荒的,可笑的rifle n.步,来复ripe a.熟的;机成熟的ripen vt.使熟vi.成熟rival n.争者a.争的roller n.柱,筒,Roman n.先人a.的romantic a.浪漫的;奇的rot vt.,腐坏n.腐rotary a.旋的,的rotate vi.旋vt.使旋rotation n.旋,;循rough a.表面不平的;大略的routine n.例行公务a.平时的row n.(一)排,(一)行royal a.王的;皇家的rubbish n.垃圾,物;rumour n.言,,rural a.村的,田园的Ssacred a.上帝的;神圣的sacrifice n.&vt.牲;南祭saddle n.鞍子,鞍saint n.圣徒;基督教徒salute n.招呼,行礼vi.行礼satellite n.星;人造星satisfaction n.意;快事;satisfactory a.令人意的,优秀的sauce n.味汁,汁saucer n.茶托,浅碟sausage n.香,腊saw n.子vt.,开scale n.天平,磅秤,秤scarce a.缺少的;稀有的scarcely ad.;几乎不scare vt.惊吓vi.吃惊scatter vt.使消失;撒;散布scene n.生地址;道具scenery n.舞台布景;景schedule n.表;划表scheme n.划,划;scholar n.学者(尤指文学方面) scholarship n.学成;学金scissors n.剪刀,剪子scold vi.vt.斥责scope n.范;余地,机遇score n.得分,比数,成scorn n.蔑;嘲讽vt.蔑scout n.察,察机scrape vt.&vi.&n.刮,擦scratch vt.&vi.&n.搔;抓scream vi.尖叫;呼screen n.屏;屏幕vt.遮蔽secondary a.第二的;次要的secondly ad.第二(点);其次secret a.奥密的;蔽的secretary n.秘;;大臣1516secure a.放心的;安全的soldier n.()士兵,人seize vt.抓住,拘捕;取solemn a.庄的;盛大的selfish a.自私的,利己的solid a.固体的n.固体semester n.半年;学期,半学年soluble a.可溶的;能够解决的semiconductor n.半体solution n.解决,解答;溶解senate n.参院,上院solve vt.解答,解,解决separate a.分别的;个的sophisticated a.老于世故的;高的separately ad.分别地sorrow n.沉痛,悲痛,悲separation n.分别,分开;分居sound a.健康的;完满的sequence n.,;序次soup n.servant n.仆人,仆人,雇工sour a.酸的;性情坏的serve vt.⋯服;款待source n.河的源;本源service n.服;行政部sow vt.播(种)vi.播种severe a.格的;的spare vt. a.剩余的severely ad.地,格地sparrow n.麻雀shady a.成的,阴凉的special a.特别的;的shield n.盾;防物vt.保specialist n.家shriek vi.尖声喊叫n.尖喊声speciality n.,特;特shrink vi.收;小;退specialize vi.成⋯家;攻signal n.信号vi.信号specially ad.地,专门signature n.签字,字,名specific a.独有的;详细的significance n.意,意味;重要性specify vi.指定,明significant n.存心的;重要的spectacle n.光景,情景;眼silence n.缄默vt.使缄默spend vt.用,花;度silent a.缄默的;沉寂无声的sphere n.球,体;范simplicity n.,易;朴实spirit n.精神;气势;情simply ad.地;朴实地spiritual a.精神的,心灵的singular a.一的;非凡的spit vi.吐vi.吐唾沫situation n.地点;境;形splash vt.&n.,,skate n.冰鞋;溜冰vi.溜冰spoil vt.坏,糟践;坏sketch n.略;速写;大要sponsor n.起者vt.起ski n.滑橇vi.滑雪spontaneous a.自的;本能的skim vt.掠,擦;略spray n.浪花;vt.slender a.的;菲薄的spread vt.张开;播n.播slogan n.,口号spring vi.跳,n.跳;泉slope n.斜;斜面vi.斜sprinkle n.洒,撒;毛毛雨slum n.民窟,民区spur n.刺激物vt.刺激sly a.狡猾的;的square n.正方形;广soak vt.浸,泡vi.浸泡squeeze vt.&vi.榨,;榨sob vi.&n.抽泣,咽stab vt.&vi.&n.刺,戳sober a.清醒的;适量的stability n.定,定性,稳固soccer n.英式足球stack n.堆,vt.堆society n.社会;体;交际界staff n.工作人;参soil n.泥土,土壤,土地stain vt.沾;⋯着色1617staircase n.楼梯,楼梯suburb n.郊区,郊野,近郊stake n.;金;品subway n.地道;地下路stale n.腐的;走了气的succeed vt.⋯以后vi.成功standard n.准a.准的success n.成功,成就,利stare vi.,凝successful a.成功的,果优秀的start vi.跳起;出;开始successfully ad.成功地startle vt.使大吃一惊n.惊讶succession n.;任,承starve vi.死vt.使死successive a.的;接的statement n.述,申明sufficient a.足的,充足的statesman n.政治家,国活家sufficiently ad.足地,充足地static a.静的;静的sulphur n.硫(磺),硫黄station n.站,台,所,局summarize vt.归纳,概括, statistical a.的,学的summary n.纲要,纲要,一statue n.塑像,塑像,像superficial a.表面的;浅薄的status n.地位,身分superior a.高的;越的steadily ad.定地,不地supper n.晚,晚饭steady a.固的vt.使定supplement n.&vt.增,充stem n.茎,()干vi.发源support vt.支撑;支持;奉养stern a.的;定的suppose vt.猜想;假设;stiffen vt.使硬;使僵直supreme a.最高的;最大的still a.静止的n.沉寂surgeon n.外科医;医sting vt.刺;刺痛vi.&n.刺surgery n.外科,外科手stir vt.;;激surrender vt.交出vi.投诚store n.藏;存品;商铺surround vt.,,圈住storey n.()楼survey vt.俯瞰;;量story n.故事,小,suspect vt.疑vi.怀疑stove n.炉,火炉,炉suspend vt.吊,;推straight a.直的;正直的ad.直suspicion n.疑,怀疑,猜忌strain vt.拉vi.全力sustain vt.支撑;奉养;忍耐strange a.陌生的;奇异的swamp n.沼,沼地stream n.河;流vi.&vt.流swarm n.一大群vi.密集strength n.力,力量,力气sway vi.vt.; strengthen vt.加,稳固swear vt.宣(誓)vi.咒stress n.力;重音vt.侧重sweater n.厚运衫,毛衫stretch vt.伸展vi.伸n.伸展sympathetic a.同情的;和的strict a.格的;的sympathize vi.同情;同感,共strictly ad.格地,地synthetic a.合的;合成的strike vt.&vi.打,n.工systematic(al) a.有系的;有划的stumble vi.倒;犯Tsubsequent a.随后的,以后的substance n.物;;本意tablet n.碑,匾;片substantial a.物的;固的tag n.附带;substitute n.取代人vt.用⋯取代tale n.故事,subtract vt.减,减去,去掉talent n.天才;才能;人材1718tan n.棕褐色a.棕黄色的thorough a.底的;尽的tap vt.&vi.&n.叩thread n.;;螺;tape n.;磁,音threat n.威,恫吓,凶兆target n.靶,的;目threaten vt.&vi.威,恫吓task n.任,工作,作thrill n.一激taste vt.;到n.味thrive vi.旺,繁华,旺盛tax n.税,税款;担throat n.咽喉,喉;嗓音technical a.技的,工的throne n.宝座,御座;王位technician n.技,技throng n.群,人群vt.technique n.技,技巧;技术throw vt.投,,抛,扔technology n.工学,工,技thrust vt.插,刺n.插;刺tedious a.冗无聊的,沉的thumb n.(大)拇指teenager n.青少年thunder n.雷vi.打雷vt.吼出telegram n.tidy a.整的;整的telegraph n.机;tight a.的;身的temper n.度;心情,情till prep.conj.直到⋯止temperature n.温度;体温timber n.木材,木材temple n.圣堂,神殿,宇timetable n.表,刻表temporary a.的,的tip n.梢,尾端,尖,尖端tempt vt.引,惑;吸引tissue n.薄;薄;temptation n.惑,引tobacco n.烟草,烟叶tenant n.肩负人,房客,佃toe n.脚趾,足尖tend vt.照料,照顾,理toilet n.所,盥洗室,浴室tend vi.走向,向;向tolerance n.忍耐,容忍;公差tendency n.向,,向tomb n.,冢tender a.嫩的;柔弱的ton n.吨;大量tennis n.网球,网球运tone n.音;腔;声tense n.,tongue n.舌,舌;言tent n.篷tool n.工具,器具,器具terminal a.尾端的n.尾端tooth n.牙terrific a.可怕的;极大的torch n.火炬,火把;手筒territory n.土,版;域torrent n.奔腾,激流,大水terror n.恐惧,惊tortoise n.,textile n.品a.的torture n.拷;摧残vt.拷打theoretical a.理(上)的toss vt.&vi.扔,抛,theory n.理;学;意tour n.&vi.旅行,游thereby ad.所以,进而,由此tourist n.旅行者,光者therefore ad.所以,所以toward(s)()prep.向;于;凑近thermometer n.温度,寒暑表towel n.毛巾,手巾thick a.厚的;密的;tower n.塔vi.矗立,高thickness n.厚(度);密(度)toy n.玩具,玩物thief n.窃,窃犯trace n.印迹;毫vt.追踪thirst n.渴,口渴;盼望track n.行迹;路径;道thorn n.刺,棘;棘;蒺藜tragedy n.悲;惨事,惨案1819。
国家留学基金委考试英语写作高频词汇（带例句）第一部分英语写作高频词汇（带例句）第一部分1.alter v. 改变，改动，变更I'll have to alter the plan because I've something urgent to do next week.2.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) I must dispose of the trouble.3.consume v. 消耗，耗尽Each year Americans consume a high percentage of the world's energy.4.budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排If you want to make the ends meet, you must make a reasonable family financial budget. 如果想让收支相抵，你必须做个合理的家庭财政预算。
5.candidate n. 候选人In my estimation, he is a more suitable candidate.6.campus n. 校园The news soon went round the campus.7.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的Her liberal views were soon revealed as mere ridiculous.8.transform v. 转变，变革；变换His plans were transformed overnight into reality.9.transmit v. 传播，播送；传递The World Cup final is being transmitted live to over fifty countries.10.transplant v. 移植She had a bone-marrow transplant.11.transport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具The goods have been cased up for transport.12.vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化She varied her dress as fashion changes.13.vanish vi. 消灭，不见Many types of animals have now vanished from the earth.14.suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心We regard her behaviour withsuspicion.15.suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的Two suspicious characters were brought in.16.nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）This trouble was a boring nuisance!17.insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的It is a waste of time tolisten to his insignificant talk.18.accelerate vt. 加速，促进The car accelerated as it overtook me.No one knows how to accelerate the rate of growth.19.absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的Her new dress is an absolute dream.20.vague a. 模糊的，不明确的His vague ideas crystallized intoa definite plan.21.vain n. 徒劳，白费She is vain of her voice. 她自以为她的声音了不起。
大英竞赛写作高频词（精华版：建议收藏，随身走，随手用）1认为，断言：I am convinced that , I believe, I argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advo cate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert, personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned2许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的，a minority of小部分的3如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently,in recent decade s4越来越：an increasing/growing of +可数名词复数=越来越多的，increasingly+形容词或副词原形5重要，必要，主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influen tial, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major6提升、提高、增强：enhance, strengthen, promote, boost, intensify, magnify, amplify7明显,突出的(adj): apparent / noticeable / remarkable / obvious/ evident/ conspicuous / striking / p rominent / eminent / significant8很大地，非常地（表示程度）：exceedingly, quite, rather, particularly, significantly, considerably, surprisingly, greatly, highly, hugely, largely, tremendously, enormously, overwhelmingly, remarka bly, strikingly, substantially, essentially, vastly, entirely,9可能：may, perhaps, be likely to, possibly, it is very likely that…, it is predicted that…预测10常常：often, frequently, more often than not11教育、倡导、鼓励：educate, advocate, encourage12足够的：adequate, ample, sufficient, enough13归因于，源自于：ascribe to, attribute to, result from, is associated with, arise from, derive from, stem from, originate from (in), grow form, a source of14因为，由于： due to, thanks to, owing to, because of, be responsible for, by virtue of, in light of,15导致、造成：contribute to, lead to, result in, bring about, create, give rise to, trigger, ignite, caus e, generate, promote, breed, induce16往往，表趋势：tend to, be prone to, be inclined to, have a tendency to 17塑造、培养：cultivate, develop, foster, mould, shape, build18发生，出现，产生：take place, occur, arise, bring about, create, cause, emerge, turn out, work out19能给，能使，能让：enable sb. to do sth., allow, render, ensure, equip…with, furnish…with, give, let, make, offer, promise, bring, provide, encourage, liberate/ free/ release sb. from..20有益，有助于：be beneficial / instrumental/ helpful / conducive / favorable / optimal, facilitate 21偶尔：occasionally, sometimes, once in a while, on some occasions22有…影响：exert …effects on, have an effect/ impact / influence on23不管，尽管：no matter…, regardless of, despite, in spite of24呈现，展现，描述：show, display, illustrate, exhibit, describe, depict, demonstrate, unfold, point to the fact that…25反对：oppose, protest，object to, go against, disagree with；opponent 反对者26接触到：expose…to, have/ get access to27赞成、支持：applaud, favor, advocate, in favor of, be side with, in agreement with, go for, vote；proponent 支持者28优点、优势：pro, merit, strength, advantage, benefit, positive29缺点、弱势：con, fault, flaw, weakness, downside, drawback, disadvantage, negative 30如果、假设：imagine that, provided that, suppose that, on condition that31破坏、损害、有害：destroy, damage, spoil, ruin, undermine, endanger, jeopardize, impair, temp er, do harm to , be detrimental to, be hazardous32阻碍，妨碍：hinder, hamper, block, keep…from, obstacle to, barrier to33构成潜在威胁/危害：pose potential threat / danger / risk to34忽视、低估、次要：overlook, ignore, neglect, underestimate, secondary in importance 35伴随：along with, together with, be accompanied by36关于：i n terms of, with regards to, as to, concerning37关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, raise…concern, aro use… concern, call for…concern, attach importance to, give priority to, lay emphasis/stress on38不可否认：there is no denying that…, it is an undeniable fact that…39毫无疑问：it is no doubt that…, admittedly40普遍，流行，受欢迎：prevalent, prevail, enjoy/ gain popularity温馨提示：童鞋们不要只是把这些词汇和搭配死记硬背下来，可以尝试造成一些有趣的句子，更容易让它们在你的大脑里留下印记哦！。
基金委听力考试高频词汇表Aabandonvt.弃;放弃,抛弃abroadad.(在)国外;到absenta.不在的;缺乏的academica.学院的;学的accentn.口音,腔;重音accessn.接近;通道,入口accommodationn.招待;定位accountn.述;解;目accuracyn.准确(性);准确度adequatea.足的;可以任的agencyn.;代理;代理agriculturen.,;学alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alternativen.替物;取舍,抉altituden.高,高度;高ambitionn.雄心,抱,野心ambulancen.救;野医院analysisn.分析,分解,解析ancestorn.祖宗,祖先annuala.每年的n.年applicablea.能用的;适当的architecturen.建筑学;建筑式arrestvt.逮捕,拘留;阻止artificiala.人工的;揉造作的athleten.运;田径运audiencen.听众,众,者authorityn.当局,官方;力automatica.自的;机械的avenuen.林道,道路;大街Bbarriern.,屏障;障碍benchn.凳,条凳;工作台beneficiala.有利的,有益的betrayvt.背叛;辜;泄漏biologyn.生物学;生学blamevt.,把⋯咎于boundaryn.分界,界braken.,刹vi.制branchn.枝;分部;分科brillianta.光的;卓越的Britainn.不列,英国Britisha.不列的,英邦的bronzen.青;青制品butchern.屠夫;屠者Ccabinetn.橱,柜;内cafeterian.自助食堂calendarn.日,;法campaignn.役;运campusn.校园,学校地candidaten.候人;投考者carpentern.木工,木匠cattlen.牛;牲口,家畜certificaten.,件,照challengen.挑;要求,需要circumstancen.情况,条件;境遇citizenn.公民;市民,居民civilizationn.文明,文化;开化climaten.气候;土,地clumsya.笨拙的;愚笨的collapsevi.倒坍;崩,瓦解commerciala.商的;商品化的committeen.委会;全体委comparisonn.比,照;比competenta.有能力的;做的competitionn.争,比complicateda.复的,懂的componentn.成局部;分;件confidencen.信任;信;信心confidentn.确信的,自信的congressn.大会;国会,会consciencen.良心,道德心consequencen.果,后果consideratea.考周到的;体的consumptionn.消耗量;消耗contemporarya.当代的,同代的corporationn.公司,企;社correspondinga.相的;符合的counciln.理事会,委会crisisn.危机;存亡之criticala.决定性的;批的customern.客,主Ddamagevt.害,坏n.害debaten.&vi.争,debtn.,,欠decaden.十年,十年期decenta.正派的;体面的democratica.民主的,民主政体的departmentn.部,司,局,,系desertn.沙漠vt.离弃;擅离despiteprep.不管,不determinationn.决心;决定;确定devisevt.,明digestvt.消化;会n.文摘digitala.数字的,数的diligenta. 勤勉的,勤的disposaln. 掉,理,distincta. 与其他不同的distressn. ,悲;不幸domestica. 本国的;家庭的durationn. 持,持久dwellingn. 住,寓所dynamica. 有活力的;力的Eeconomica.的,学的economyn.;,省effortn.努力;努力的成果electronica.子的embarrassvt.使窘迫,使emotionala.感情的,情的employmentn.工;雇用;使用engagevt.使从事于;聘用enginen.机,引擎;机enormousa.巨大的,大的enthusiasmn.情,心,忱equivalenta.相等的;等量的evaluatevt.价,估⋯的价eventuallyad.于;最后exceedvt.超,;超出excessivea.多的,极度的exclusivelyad.地exhaustvt.使筋疲力尽;用尽exhibitvt.示;列,展experimentala.的,的expertn.家 a.熟的extraordinarya.非同常的,特的extremelyad.极端,极其,非常Ffamiliara.熟悉的;冒昧的farewellint.再会n.告fashionablea.流行的,髦的fatiguen.疲,累favouritea.特受喜的federala.邦的;盟的feen.,酬金;金fertilizern.肥料festivaln.日;音financen.政,金融;源flexiblea.易弯曲的;灵活的flightn.航班;行;逃跑fortunatea.幸运的,幸的foundationn.基;地基;基金frameworkn.框架,构架,构fundamentala.基的,根本的funeraln.葬礼,礼,葬furnituren.家具;装置,Ggaragen. ;加油站garbagen. 垃圾,物,料generousa. 慨的;厚的geniusn. 天才,天,天genuinea. 真的;真正的geographyn. 地理,地理学gratefula. 感谢的;令人愉快的gratitudea. 感谢,感,感恩groceryn. 食品店guiltya. 内疚的;有罪的Hharborn.海港,港口vt.庇harmonyn.合,,和hasten.急速,急忙;草率headquartersn.司令部;部helicoptern.直升机hesitatevi.犹豫,踌躇;模糊honourablea.的;荣耀的horizonn.地平;眼界, humblea.的;地位低下的humida.湿的,湿气重的humorousa.富于幽默的,的Iidenticala.完全相同的;同一的identifyvt.出,,定ignoranta.不知道的;无知的illegala.不合法的,非法的immigrantn.移民a.移民的impactn.影响,作用;冲incomen.收入;收益;款indifferenta.冷漠的;不极的indispensablea.必不可少的,必需的individuala.个的;独特的inferiora.下等的;劣等的influentiala.有影响的;有的initiala.最初的;首的innocenta.清白的,幼稚的instrumentn.器;工具;器intellectualn.知分子 a.智力的intelligencen.智力;理解力;情intimatea.密的;个人的Jjealousa.妒忌的;猜疑的journalistn.者,新工作者junglen.林,密林,莽juniora.年少的n.晚juryn.陪;justicen.正,公正;司法Kkingn.国王,君主kingdomn.王国;域,界nonsensen.胡,Lnoticeablea.而易的;重要的nucleara.原子核的;核心的laboratoryn.室,研究室Olawnn.草地,草坪,草leadershipn.objectivea.客的;无偏的leadinga.指的;最主要的occasionn.合,刻;机legala.法律的;合法的occupationn.占,占据;legendn.,奇officiala.官的;官方的leisuren.空;悠operatorn.操作人,接lengthn.,度;一段opinionn.意,看法,主liablea.易于⋯的;可能的opponentn.手,手;抗者librariann.oppositea.面的n.立物licensen.可;照vt.准optimistica.的;主的liquidn.液体 a.液体的optionn.,liquorn.酒;溶液,液organica.有机体的;器官的literarya.文学(上)的orientala.方的;方国家的logicala.的;符合的originn.起源,由来;出身loyaltyn.忠,忠心outcomen.果,后果,成果luggagen.行李;皮箱,皮包overseasad.海外 a.在海外的luxuryn.奢侈,奢;奢侈品PMpacifica.和平的n.太平洋magnificentn.壮的;的parliamentn.会,国会maintainvt.持;养;修participatevi.参与,参加;分享maintenancen.持,保持;修passengern.乘客,旅客,路人majora.大的n.passionn.激情,情;好majorityn.多数,大多数patienta.忍耐的n.病人manuala.体力的n.手册peacefula.和平的;安静的marvelousa.奇迹般的;了不起的peculiara.特有的;特的mayorn.市performancen.履行;演出;行meadown.草地,牧草地permanenta.永久的,持久的mechanicn.技工,机械,机修工personneln.全体人,全体minusa.的prep.减(去)phenomenonn.象minutea.微的;的philosophern.哲学家miraclen.奇迹,令人惊奇的人physiciann.医生,内科医生miserablea.痛苦的,悲惨的physicistn.物理学家missilen.射物;pilotn.航;行moderatea.温和的;有制的pioneern.拓荒者;先者monitorn.班;器plantationn.种植园;栽植monumentn.念碑;念platformn.平台;站台;台motivatevt.促;鼓励,激pocketn.衣袋n.袖珍的mysteriousa.神秘的;以理解的policyn.政策,方mysteryn.神秘;神秘的事物populationn.人口;全体居民Npositivea.确定的;极的possessionn.有,所有;占有物narrowa.狭的,狭窄的potentiala.潜在的n.潜力nationalityn.国籍;民族,族precedinga.在前的;在先的navaln.海的,的preciousa.珍的,宝的navyn.海precisea.精确的,准确的necessityn.必要性;必然predictv.言,告,性negativea.否认的;消极的preferablea.更可取的,更好的neighbourhoodn.居关系;近prejudicen.偏,成nephewn.侄子,外甥presidentn.;校;会neutrala.中立的;中性的previousa.先的;前的ad.在前primarya.最初的;根本的primitivea.原始的;粗糙的principala.主要的n.人principlen.原,原理;主proceduren.程序;手;程processn.程;工序vt.加工promotevt.促,;提升propertyn.,;性proportionn.比,比率,局部proposaln.提,建;求婚providedconj.以⋯条件punctuala.守刻的;准的purchasen.,vt.purposen.目的;意;效果pursen.包,小袋,手袋puzzlen.;vi.使迷惑Qqualityn.量;品,特性quantityn.量,数量,分量quitvt.离开,退出;停止quizn.小型考,Rrationala.理性的;出于理性的realmn.王国,国土;域reasonablea.合情合理的;公正的recognitionn.出,;承recoveryn.重;痊愈,恢复reflectionn.反射;映像;反映refreshvt.使清新vi.恢复精神refreshmentn.茶点,点心,便餐registern.&vt.登,注册rehearsaln.排,排演; releasevt.放;放松;表relevanta.有关的,切的reliablea.可靠的,可信的religiousa.宗教的;虔的remedyn.&vt治;救repeatedlyad.重复地;一再representativea.代表性的n.代表resemblevt.像,似residencen.居住;扎;住resistancen.抵抗;抵抗;抵抗力resolutionn.决,定;决定responsibilityn.任,任心; restlessa.不安定的,焦的restrictvt.限制,限定,束resumevt.恢复;重新开始revengevt.替⋯仇n.仇rhythmn.韵律,格律;奏ridiculousa.荒的,可笑的romantica.浪漫的;奇的roughlyad.粗糙地,粗略地royala.王的;皇家的rumourn. 言, ,Ssalaryn.薪金,薪水salesmann.售,推satelliten.星;人造星satisfactorya.令人意的,良好的scalen.天平,磅秤,秤scarcelyad.;几乎不schedulen.表;划表scholarshipn.学成;学金scientifica.科学(上)的secondarya.第二的;次要的secretaryn.秘;;大臣securityn.平安,平安感seniora.年的;地位高的sensiblea.感得到的;明智的sensitivea.敏感的;灵敏的sequencen.,;次序severea.格的;的shadown.阴影,阴,影子shallowa.浅的;浅薄的sheltern.蔽;掩蔽,庇showern.雨;(一);淋浴significancen.意,意味;重要性similara.相似的,似的sincerea.真的;真的skillfula.灵巧的,熟的slaven.奴隶;苦工slaveryn.奴隶制度;苦役slogann.,口号smoken.烟;抽烟vi.冒烟solara.太阳的,日光的solemna.庄的;隆重的solida.固体的n.固体sophisticateda.老于世故的;高的sorrown.悲哀,悲哀,悲spacecraftn.航天器,宇宙船spann跨距;一段sparevt. a.多余的specialistn.家specialityn.,特;特speechn.言;演;方言spheren.球,体;范splendida.壮的;著的sponsorn.起者vt.起spontaneousa.自的;本能的stabilityn.定,定性,稳固statisticala.的,学的statuen.塑像,雕像,像stemn.茎,()干vi.起源stimulatevt.刺激,鼓励,激stomachn.胃;肚子;食欲strategyn.略;策略strawberryn.草莓streamn.河;流vi.&vt.流structuren.构;构造vt.建造submarinea.水下的n.潜水艇subsequenta.随后的,后来的substancen.物;;本旨succeedvt.⋯之后vi.成功successn.成功,成就,利suffervt.遭受;忍受;容sufficienta.足的,充分的superficiala.外表的;浅薄的superiora.高的;越的supplementn.&vt.增,充surgeonn.外科医;医surroundingsn.周的事物,境suspectvt.疑vi.疑心suspicionn.疑,疑心,猜疑symboln.象征;符号,号sympathetica.同情的;和的systematic(al)a.有系的;有划的Ttalen.故事,talentn.天才;才能;人才temperaturen.温度;体温templen.圣堂,神殿,宇temporarya.的,的territoryn.土,版;域theoreticala.理(上)的throatn.咽喉,喉;嗓音thronen.宝座,御座;王位thumbn.(大)拇指toastn.祝酒;祝酒tobaccon.烟草,烟叶tolerancen.忍受,容忍;公差trafficn.交通,通行;交通量tragedyn.悲;惨事,惨案transparenta.透明的;易破的treasuren.富;珍宝vt.珍treatyn.条;,定tremendousa.极大的,非常的trialn.,;判triumphn.旋;利vi.成功tuitionn.教,教;学typicala.典型的,代表性的typistn.打字tyren.胎,胎Uultimatea. 最后的,最的undergovt. ,受,忍受undertakevt. 从事;承当;保uniquea. 唯一的,独一无二的universala. 宇宙的;普遍的urgenta. 急的;求的utilityn. 效用,有用,用utmosta. 最的n. 极限Vvacanta.空的;未被占用的vacationn.假期,休假vaguea.模糊的,模糊的vaina.徒的;自的valida.有效的;正当的valuablea.的;有价的valuen.价;价格vt.价varietyn.多化;种;种variousa.各种各的,不同的varyvt.改;使多化vehiclen.,机victimn.牲者,受害者virtuen.善;美德;点vocabularyn.表;,volcanon.火山voyagen.&vi.航海,航空Wwagonn.四运wasten.浪;物;垃圾waterfalln.瀑布wealthn.富,;丰富wealthya.富的,富裕的weaponn.武器,兵器weddingn.婚礼Wednesdayn.星期三welfaren.幸福,福利widespreada.分布广的,普遍的withdrawvt.收回;撤回vi.撤退worshipn.礼拜;崇拜vt.崇拜worthya.有价的;得的Yyieldvt.&vi.出n.量youthn.青春;青年;青年Zzonen.地区,区域,范。
英语写作高频词汇（带例句）
第一部分
1.alter v. 改变，改动，变更I'll have to alter the plan because I've something urgent to do next week.
2.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) I must dispose of the trouble.
3.consume v. 消耗，耗尽Each year Americans consume a high percentage of the world's energy.
4.budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排If you want to make the ends meet, you must make a reasonable family financial budget. 如果想让收支相抵，你必须做个合理的家庭财政预算。
5.candidate n. 候选人In my estimation, he is a more suitable candidate.
6.campus n. 校园The news soon went round the campus.
7.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的Her liberal views were soon revealed as mere ridiculous.
8.transform v. 转变，变革；变换His plans were transformed overnight into reality.
9.transmit v. 传播，播送；传递The World Cup final is being transmitted live to over fifty countries.
10.transplant v. 移植She had a bone-marrow transplant.
11.transport vt. 运输，运送n. 运输，运输工具The goods have been cased up for transport.
12.vary v. 变化，改变；使多样化She varied her dress as fashion changes.
13.vanish vi. 消灭，不见Many types of animals have now vanished from the earth.
14.suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心We regard her behaviour with suspicion.
15.suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的Two suspicious characters were brought in.
16.nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）This trouble was a boring nuisance!
17.insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的It is a waste of time to
listen to his insignificant talk.
18.accelerate vt. 加速，促进The car accelerated as it overtook me.
No one knows how to accelerate the rate of growth.
19.absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的；完全的Her new dress is an absolute dream.
20.vague a. 模糊的，不明确的His vague ideas crystallized into a definite plan.
21.vain n. 徒劳，白费She is vain of her voice. 她自以为她的声音了不起。
All our work was in vain. 我们所有的工作都白费了. 22.extinct a.灭绝的，熄灭的Some of the species of birds are extinct. 有几种鸟类已经绝种了.
23.extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的She wears the most extraordinary shoes.
24.extreme a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端，过分The capital is in the extreme south of the country.
25.agent n. 代理人，代理商；动因，原因I booked my holiday through my local travel agent.
Rain and sun are the agents which help plants to grow.
26.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精He is addicted to alcohol.
27.appeal n./vi. 呼吁，恳求Her eyes held a look of silent appeal.
The government is appealing to everyone to save water.
28.appreciate vt. 重视，赏识，欣赏We appreciate your helping us.
29.approve v. 赞成，同意，批准You can join the class if you parents approve. My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes.
30.stimulate vt. 刺激，激励Light stimulates plant growth.
Praise always stimulates him to make greater efforts. 表扬能激励他更加努力.
31.acquire vt. 取得，获得；学到How did he acquire his wealth?
She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.
32.accomplish vt .完成，到达；实行We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once. to accomplish a purpose 达到目的
33.torture n./vt. 拷打，折磨He tortured his prisoners.
34.preserve v. 保护，保存，保持，维持Salt and spices help to preserve meat.
35. abuse v. n.滥用，虐待；谩骂She attacked him with a torrent of abuse.
He was charged of abusing a privilege. 他因滥用特权而被起诉.
36. academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的She already has good academic qualifications.
37. academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会He is a student in an academy of music.
38. barrier n. 障碍；棚栏The lorry shaved the barrier, scraping its side.
39. career n. 生涯，职业This career offers a challenge.
40. oblige v. 迫使，责成；使感激Could you oblige me by closing the door.
41. obscure a. 阴暗，模糊The reasons why he did it are obscure..
42. extent n. 程度，范围，大小，限度I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge. I agree with you to some extent. 我部分同意.
43. exterior n. 外部，外表a. 外部的，外表的Don't be put off by his gruff exterior.
44. external a. 外部的，外表的，外面的All his injuries are external.
External causes become operative through internal causes.外因通过内因而起作用.
45. petrol n. 汽油My car is rather heavy on petrol.
46. petroleum n. 石油Taiwan seems to contain no petroleum.
47. delay vt./n. 推迟，延误，耽搁Our plane was delayed by fog.
48. decent a. 像样的，体面的He dreamed of living in decent conditions.
49. ruin v. 毁坏，破坏n. 毁灭，[pl.]废墟His rashness led ultimately to his ruin.
50. sake n. 缘故，理由Don't inconvenience yourself for my sake.。
