2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第一节六大解题技巧一、关键信息定位法
(xx·天津，A片段)
Writing the wrong name
The sooner you notice，the better.Respond quickly and briefly，apologising for your mistake.Keep the tone measured：don’t handle it too lightly，as people can be offended，especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture (i.e.incorrect ordering of Chinese names)．
37．If you have written the wrong name in an email，it is best to . A．apologise in a serious manner
B．tell the receiver to ignore the error
C．learn to write the name correctly
D．send a short notice to everyone
答案 A
解析细节理解题。由题干中的“written the wrong name”可定位到“Writing the wrong name”下的“...apologising for your mistake.Keep the tone measured：don’t handle it too lightly...”。由此可知，如果在电子邮件里写错了名字，以一种严肃的方式向对方道歉是最好的，故选A项。
(xx·全国Ⅰ，A片段)
Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store
Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. 21．Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A．In Building 1.
B．In Building 3.
C．At the Laser Dome.
D．At the Denny Way entrance.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。首先根据题干中的“souvenir” 可将答案锁定在Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store这一部分；再根据本段中的“The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.”可知Pacific Science Center 的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼上，故选B。
二、关键词法
(xx·天津，D片段)
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting.But where are we doing all of this waiting，and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours？To understand the issue，let’s take a look at three types of “waits”．55．The author supports his view by .
A．exploring various causes of “waits”
B．describing detailed processes of “waits”
C．analyzing different categories of “waits”
D．revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“To understand the issue，let’s take a look at three types of ‘waits’．”可知，作者是通过分析这三种类型的“等待”来帮助理解这个问题，故选C项。
(xx·全国Ⅰ，A片段)
Support Pacific Science Center
Since 1962，Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science，math and technology.Today，Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and munity events all over Washington State.
22．What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?
A．Train science teachers.
B．Distribute science books.
C．Inspire scientific research.
D．Take science to the classroom.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。由标题及该段第二句“Today，Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and munity events all over Wash ington State.”可知此处的关键词应是“science”，太平洋科学中心把基于探究的科学教育带入课堂。
三、题段一致法
(xx·天津，A片段)
Clicking “reply all” unintentionally
You accidentally reveal(透露) to the entire pany what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner，or what holiday you’d like to take.In this instance，the best solution is to send a quick，light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness.But it can quickly rise to something worse，when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation.In this instance，step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.
38．What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email?
A．Try offering other choices.
B．Avoid further involvement.
C．Meet other staff members.
D．Make a light-hearted apology.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。由题干中的“reply all”可定位到“Clicking ‘reply all’ unintentionally”下的“In this instance，step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.”。由此可知，此题应选B项“避免进一步的参与”。
(xx·全国Ⅰ，A片段)
It’s an amazing acplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support
from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations.Visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/0516483549.html, to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center. 23．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?
A．To encourage donations.
B．To advertise ing events.
C．To introduce special exhibits.
D．To tell about the Center’s history.
答案 A
解析推理判断题。根据该部分中的“Visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/0516483549.html, to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.”可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供捐助。故选A。
四、释义法
(xx·天津，C片段)
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles：the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
46．What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A place where cars often break down.
B．A case where passing a law is impossible.
C．An area where no driving is permitted.
D．A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
答案 D
解析词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“...the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.”可知，death valley指的就是半自主驾驶和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，即：对司机角色的定义不清楚。故选D项。
(xx·全国Ⅰ，D片段)
To construct a working still，use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep.Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water
catcher’s productivity.Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up—and out—the side of the hole.
33．What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The tube. B．The still.
C．The hole. D．The cup.
答案 B
解析词义猜测题。根据本段描述可知，制作一个蒸馏器装置，需要挖一个四英尺宽、三英尺深的洞，要尽量在潮湿的地方挖洞来提高the water catcher的生产力，结合全文可知，提高的应该是整个蒸馏器装置的生产力，故选B项。
五、扫读法
(xx·全国Ⅰ，B片段)
The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and fortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.
26．What made the chick calm down?
A．A new nest. B．Some food.
C．A recording. D．Its parents.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。扫读全文，可确定该段中的“I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.”为解题的关键信息。由此可知，作者为猫头鹰幼雏做的新鸟巢让它很快就安静下来。故选A。
(xx·四川，D)
A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep.But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素)，which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
The study，by researchers from Seoul，South Korea，involved mice being fed with
dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.
Those given night milk，which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin，were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime，according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.
Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.
While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now，taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.
Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content，which helps people to relax.
Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists remending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening.The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night. 34．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Night Milk and Sleep
B．Fat，Sugar and Health
C．An Experiment on Mice
D．Milk Drinking and Health
答案 A
解析标题归纳题。文章主要说明了喝夜间挤的牛奶与睡眠之间的关系。所以选项A 是文章的最佳标题。
35．How does the author support the theme of the text?
A．By giving examples.
B．By stating arguments.
C．By explaining statistical data.
D．By providing research results.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。详读全文，可以看出作者是通过提供研究成果来支持文章主题的，故选D项。
六、位置特征法
(xx·天津，D片段)
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting.The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky，don’t be desperate.You’re
probably just as busy as the next guy.
54．What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?
A．Take it seriously.
B．Don’t rely on others.
C．Do something else.
D．Don’t lose heart.
答案 D
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The next time...don’t be desperate.”可知，下次等待的时候，不要绝望，即不要丧失信心(Don’t lose heart.)，故选D项。
(xx·全国Ⅰ，D片段)
Next，cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock.The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides.The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over，and no more than three inches above，the cup.
34．What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?
A．Dig a hole of a certain size.
B．Put the cup in place.
C．Weight the sheet’s center down.
D．Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据该段中的“Next，cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock.”可知最后一步是weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock(用一块石头把塑料板的中心位置压下去)，故选C。
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练10说理议
论+社会文化+应用广告+逸闻趣事
(xx·红桥区二模)
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about petition.Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity(繁荣)．Others say that petition is bad，that it sets one person against another，and that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills.For them，playing well and winning are often live-and-death affairs.In their single-minded pursuit of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude.In a culture which only values the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly criticize petition.Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under petitive pressures from their parents or society.Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail.They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success.By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot.Such a loss would be a measure of their worth.Clearly，this belief is the same as that of true petitors who try to prove themselves.Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in parison with others.Both are afraid of not being valued.Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to disappear can we discover a new meaning in petition.
1．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．petition helps to set up self-respect.
B．Opinions about petition are different among people.
C．petition is harmful to personal quality development.
D．Failures are necessary experience in petition.
答案 B
解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人们对于竞争所持的不同态度。
2．Why do some people favor petition according to the passage?
A．It pushes society forward.
B．It builds up a sense of duty.
C．It improves personal abilities.
D．It encourages individual efforts.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。由首段第二句可知答案。
3．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means “”．A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value petition most highly
C．those who are against petition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
答案 C
解析词义猜测题。由第三段中“others take an opposite attitude”及“they strongly criticize petition”可知，画线短语指“强烈反对竞争的人”。
4．What is the similar belief of the true petitors and those with a “desire to fail”？A．One’s worth lies in his performance pared with others.
B．One’s success in petition needs great efforts.
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particul ar skills.
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。由文章尾段倒数第三句“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in parison with others.”可知答案。
5．Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．petition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D．Fear of failure should be removed in petition.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。尾段最后一句表明了作者的观点：只有当这种基本的、害怕失败的态度
消失时，我们才能找到竞争的真正含义。即作者认为在竞争中，不要总担心失败。
B
(xx·河北区一模)
Going shopping seems easy，but actually it takes a lot of learning，especially in America.In fact，many Americans who are not so well-off often shop at “sales” or at special stores that sell things at low prices，which you may find interesting.In America，the important rule of dressing is that one should change his or her clothes every day.For example，in an American college，neither professors nor students are seen in the same clothes two days in a row.So you may find it necessary to buy more clothes than you have in China.While you are shopping in the States，you will discover that prices range considerably from time to time.The purchase of used，second-hand clothing，furniture，or other household articles may be an excellent way of saving money.Most second-hand clothes are of pretty good quality.If you are going to settle down in the States and want some furniture，you may go to a “loan closet”，where furniture rents at low cost，or you may also go to a “furniture exchange” place in the munity.
Sheets，blankets，and other bedclothes go on sale in most munities twice a year.Advertisements for “white sales” on bed linen，towels，etc.often appear in January，as well as in May，June or July.Once or twice every season，there will be “garage sales”，where you can get almost anything，from a yacht to a pair of shoes，at low prices.Prices at “discount stores” and “thrift shops” are also as low as you can imagine.
When shopping for food，you should look for special prices for various items that are put on sale weekly.To economize，it would be a good idea for you to plan the weekly menu according to what is on sale，including in it the meats，vegetables，fruits，etc.that can be bought at special prices that week.
Exchange and return policies vary from store to store.You should also keep in mind that exchange and return policies for sales items can be different from standard store policies，especially if the price of the items has been reduced.Ask the merchant about their exchange and return policies before making your purchase.Obtaining an exchange or a return without a store receipt is often difficult.So，to save yourself the headache，you’d better hold on to any paper or other proof of purchase.
6．People shopping in America will discover .
A．American goods are excellent
B．most clothes e from China
C．prices vary much sometimes
D．used clothes are of poor quality
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段第六句“While you are shopping in the States，you will discover that prices range considerably from time to time.”可知，当人们在美国购物时，会发现价格有时会变化很大。故选C。
7．A person who needs furniture can .
A．exchange their goods for furniture
B．settle in a place that has furniture
C．get some free of charge
D．rent some at low cost
答案 D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“If you are going to settle down in the States and want some furniture，you may go to a ‘loan closet’，where furniture rents at low cost...”可知，如果你需要家具，可以去“loan closet”，在那里你可以低价租到家具。故选D。
8．At a “white sales”，one can buy .
A．almost anything
B．meats，vegetables，fruits
C．bed linen，towels
D．shoes at low prices
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Advertisements for ‘white sales’ on bed linen，towels，etc.often appear in January，as well as in May，June or July.”可知，“white sales”(大减价)常常出现在一月、五月、六月或七月，卖床单，毛巾等。故选C。9．Garage sales are held .
A．once or twice every three months
B．once or twice every year
C．from time to time
D．in January，May，June or July
答案 A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Once or twice every season，there will be ‘garage sales’”可知，“garage sales”每个季度(即每三个月)一到两场。故选A。10．What does the underlined part “any paper or other proof” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．The exchange and return policy.
B．A sales item.
C．A store receipt.
D．The standard store policy.
答案 C
解析词义猜测题。根据上文语境“Obtaining an exchange or a return without a store receipt is often difficult.”可知此处强调保留receipt(收据)的重要性，它们是你购物的证据，故“any paper or other proof”指“receipt”(收据)。故选C。
C
(xx·天津十二区县二模)
Hidden London：the City’s Lesser Known Delights ?Dulwich Picture Gallery
As much an excuse to enjoy the village charms of Dulwich Village as to admire some delicate European masterworks，this gallery is a southeast London charmer，which was founded in 1811.Join a free guided tour to the permanent collection (3 pm Saturday and Sunday)，catch the latest temporary exhibition and admire the lovely garden (open 1：30 pm to 3：30 pm Tuesdays)．
Where：Gallery RD SE21 7AD
Train：West Dulwich
?Temple Church
Featuring in the novel The Da Vinci Code and dating back to the late 12th century，this is one of London’s oldest and holiest medieval(中世纪的) treasures.Built by the Knights Templar，the church is divided into the Round—which contains the statues of crusading knights，who tried to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the Middle Ages—and the Chancel，where the priests(牧师) and singers performing in church services sit.
Where：Temple EC4Y 7DE
Underground：Temple or Blackfriars
?Chelsea Physic Garden
Endlessly satisfying the green-fingered，the plain curious or those eager to discover botanical interests in central London，this delightful walled garden was founded by the Apothecaries’ Society in the 17th century and is one of the oldest botanical gardens in London.
Where：66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS
Underground：Sloane Square
?Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art
Built between 1953 and 1958，the Estorick is Britain’s only gallery devoted to Italian art.It draws together a fascinating collection of Futurist masterpieces from Umberto Boccioni，Giao Balla，Carlo Carra and others，who emphasized the importance of modern things，especially technology and machines.
Where：39a Canonbury Sq N1 2AN
Underground：Highbury & Islington
11．When can you follow a free guide to visit Dulwich Picture Gallery?
A．3 pm on Sunday.
B．3：30 pm on Tuesday.
C．1：30 pm on Tuesday.
D．1：30 pm on Saturday.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Join a free guided tour to the p ermanent collection (3 pm Saturday and Sunday)．..”可知，星期日下午3点能跟随免费导游参观达利奇画廊，故选A。
12．Which of the following has the longest history?
A．Dulwich Picture Gallery.
B．Temple Church.
C．Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art.
D．Chelsea Physic Garden.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。根据Temple Church中的“...dating back to the late 12th century，this is one of London’s oldest and holiest medieval(中世纪的) treasures.”可知，圣殿教堂的历史最长，故选B。
13．Where should you go if you have an interest in plants?
A．Gallery Rd SE21 7AD
B．Temple EC4Y 7DE
C．66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS
D．39a Canonbury Sq N1 2AN
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据Chelsea Physic Garden中的“...is one of the oldest botanical gardens in London.Where：66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS”可知，如果你对植物感兴趣，你应该去66 Royal Hospital Rd SW3 4HS，故选C。
14．If you want to enjoy Italian art，you may get off at .
A．West Dulwich B．Temple or Blackfriars
C．Sloane Square D．Highbury & Islington
答案 D
解析细节理解题。根据Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art中的“...is Britain’s only gallery devoted to Italian art.”及“Underground：Highbury & I slington”可知，选D。
15．In which part of a newspaper can you read this text?
A．Travel. B．Society.
C．Nature. D．Lifestyle.
答案 A
解析文章出处题。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了四个隐藏在伦敦的鲜为人知的景点，因此你最可能在报纸的旅游栏目里读到，故选A。
D
(xx·南开区三模)
My daughter Kelly is a cautious person.She needs to warm up to situations，and is hesitant to try new things.When with close friends，she bees a leader who laughs loudly and chants，“Girls rule，boys drool.” But when that fort zone is not around her，she is shy and nervous.
This has been challenging for me at time s.“Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me.But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence.This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team.This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels.And this year she pleted her first kids’ triathlon(三项全能)．
On Saturday，with a thunderstorm ing soon and my son’s birthday party later in
the day，we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon.We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her，we got all the equipment she’d need，and we kept talking about the race.But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn，she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times.She was nervous but trying to keep it together.
And then it was her turn.From the second she jumped into the water，my heart soared.My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen.She dominated that swim，crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.
I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.It wasn’t because she did a sport or anything like that.It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.
All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling.She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day.I won the chance to see my girl shine.
Shine on，sweet baby.
16．Kelly is nervous when .
A．boys are around her
B．she changes into a leader
C．she is away from her mom
D．situations are new to her
答案 D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But when that fort zone is not around her，she is shy and nervous.”可知，Kelly是一个慢热型的人，如果进入新的环境，她会感到紧张。故选D。
17．We can know from Paragraph 3 .
A．the race began in the early morning
B．the whole family gave Kelly support
C．Kelly was eager for her turn in the race
D．Kelly prepared for her brother’s birthday party
答案 B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her，we got all the equipment she’d need，and we kept talking about the race.”可知，全家人都支持Kelly。故选B。
18．Seeing Kelly’s performance in the race，the author felt .
A．excited and proud B．anxious and uneasy
C．worried and hesitant D．curious and concerned
答案 A
解析推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“she jumped into the water，my heart soared”，和第五段第一句“...I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.”可推断作者当时的心情是又激动又自豪的。故选A。
19．In Paragraph 5，the underlined word “conquered” probably means “”．A．to defeat someone especially in a petition
B．to succeed in dealing with or control something
C．to bee very popular or successful in a place
D．to take control of a country or a city and its people by force
答案 B
解析词义猜测题。根据上文Kelly在游泳时自信的表现可知，此处是指Kelly战胜了恐惧。故选B。
20．In the last but one paragraph the author “felt like I won that day” because Kelly .
A．overcame the fear B．expressed love to her
C．won the gold medal D．took part in the sport
答案 A
解析细节理解题。根据上文可知，作者之所以“感到像是自己赢了一样”是因为女儿已经克服了恐惧。故选A。
高考英语阅读理解中的提问方式及解题方法 一、猜题思路分析 纵观近几年的高考英语阅读题，阅读选材广泛，各种文体各占一定的比例，在内容上贴近生活，语言能够体现当代英语的特点，语篇逻辑经得起推敲，与学生的阅读水平相吻合。阅读理解设计题目的结构难度基本稳定，方式大致相同。但词汇总量加大，阅读速度提高，且非考纲词汇有所增加，长难句有所增加。时文报道类、科普知识类、应用广告类、史地文化、短篇故事、说理小品、幽默小品是高考热门文章。 二、2008年高考英语考纲对阅读理解题的要求 2008年英语考试大纲对阅读理解题要求为：考生能读懂公告、说明、广告及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。1．理解主旨和要义；2．理解文中具体信息；3．根据上下文推断生词的词义；4．做出简单判断和推理；5．理解文章的基本结构；6．理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 三、2008年高考英语阅读理解命题原则 2008年高考英语阅读理解题的阅读材料的选取遵循以下原则： 1．共5篇文章，阅读量不少于2000个单词。文章的长度可能比以前略有增加，词汇量也可能稍有增大。2．题材多样化，贴近生活，涉及政治、经济、历史、地理、文化、教育、新闻报道、人物故事、科技信息、海外风情等多方面题材。3．体裁分布均匀，所选语篇包括记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文。 四、2008年高考阅读理解题命题特点 1．强调语篇选材的真实性，贴近时代、贴近生活、贴近学生。阅读材料多选于英美国家近期报刊杂志上原汁原味的文章，反映外国生活，语言规范、地道、真实，且难度合理，符合中学生学习英语的目的和实践。2．较大的阅读量和信息量。篇目稳定在5篇，词汇量稳定在2000-2700之间，所选语篇负有高含量的信息。从语言的表层看，各段文字并不是很难理解，但要理解文章的深层含义有所难度。3．题型多样。所设题型有：主旨题、细节题、推理题、词义猜测题，但大多数为细节理解题。4．加大了阅读材料的文字难度。文章的生词率不超过3%，但根据构词法知识能判断出词性和词义的单词不算生词。另外，阅读材料保持了原文的风格，语言地道，文化含量高，增加了学生理解的难度。5．语篇结构较为复杂。源于真实语料的作品运用了较高级的组篇手段。 五、阅读理解题解题方法 一）．主旨大意题。1．题干提问方式： 1）The main idea of the passage is . 2) Which of the following is the best title? 3) The main purpose of the story is to tell us . 4) Which of the following best describes the main point of the passage? 5) What is the writer trying to tell us? 6) The purpose of the passage is . 7) The main (general) idea of the passage is . 8) The passage is mainly about . 9) From the passage we know that . 2.方法：找主题句： 做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。主题句位置一般位于段
2019年高考英语阅读理解专题复习10篇(名师精选真题实战训练+详细解题过程，值得下载练习) [一] As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them. Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects o f American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history. pot and In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“ a chicken in every a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power. The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990. The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best. Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing strength.“ clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
高三英语阅读理解推理判断题命题方式与技巧点拨 高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求： 阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说 明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具 体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜测题、主 旨大意题。本节主要解决推理判断题解题策略。 推理判断题解题指导： ■考点突破 一、命题方式： 推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的 暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。主要考查 考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中 某一句话，也可能是某几句话，要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上，对文章字面信息进 行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义。 推理判断题的命题区间往往出现在以下几个方面： ◆文章或者段落的首尾部分。这一部分往往会引出文章的主题，总结全文或者全段 内容，通常也会设计推理判断题； ◆引言部分。议论文或者说明文中作者经常引用他人语言来支撑自己的观点，引用 的内容可能从正面或者反面来支持作者的观点，引文的字里行间隐含的渗透的内容往往 也是命题人设题的依据； ◆结论建议处。命题人往往在文章中出现the study suggests, the research indicates, the report shows 等类似结论、建议性表达方式时，此处通常是文章中提到的研究结果或者报 告的结论，命题人往往在此设置推理判断题 ◆表达观点态度处。在作者表达观点态度的地方往往设置推理判断题。文中出现 doubt, appreciate, hate, prefer ,against等表达观点态度的部分，以及一些带有感情色彩的特 殊句式，例如感叹句、反问句等。 1.细节推断 细节推断要求考生根据文章内容，推断具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人 物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生 要把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，然后作出判断。题干中常出现infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗示），suggest（暗示）.conclude（作出结论），assume （假定，设想）等词。主要设题方式有： It can be inferred from the passage that________. The author strongly suggests that________ It can be concluded from the passage that________. The writer implies but not directly states that________
2019高考英语阅读理解-推理判断题（含解析） 一、阅读理解 1.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。 Here are six steps to better studying. Pay attention in class Do you have trouble paying attention in class? Are you sitting next to a loud person? Tell your teacher or parents about any problem that is preventing you from paying attention. Take good notes Write down facts that your teacher mentions or writes on the board. Try to use good handwriting so you can read your notes later. It's a good idea to keep your notes organized by subject. Plan ahead for tests and projects Waiting until Thursday night to study for Friday's test will make it hard to do your best. One of the best ways to make sure that doesn't happen is to plan ahead. Write down your test dates. You can then plan how much to do after school each day, and how much time to spend on each topic. Break it up When there's a lot to study, it can help to break things into several parts. Let's say you have a spelling test on 20 words. Instead of thinking about all of the words at once, try breaking them down into five-word groups and work on one or two different groups each night. Ask for help You can't study effectively if you don't understand the material. Be sure to ask your teacher for help. If you're at home when the confusion occurs, your mom or dad might be able to help. Sleep tight So the test is tomorrow and you've followed your study plan—but suddenly you can't remember anything! Don't panic. Your brain needs time to digest all the information you've given it. Try to get a good night's sleep and you'll be surprised by what comes back to you in the morning. （1）We know from the passage that a loud person is ________. A. a student who always answers questions loudly in class B. someone who likes to talk with others in a loud voice C. a student who likes speaking with others in class D. a person who makes a lot of noise in public places （2）If you don't understand what you have learnt, you can ________. A. read your notes over and over again B. turn to people around you for help C. put aside the material for later review D. ask your teacher to explain it the next day （3）By saying “Sleep tight”, what does the author mean?
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解归类练习—旅游交通（详解） (2012·江西卷)For those who make journeys across the world，the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages.Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village.Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other，allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago. Yet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too far.A price has been paid，they say，for the conquest (征服) of time and distance.Travel_is_something_to_be_enjoyed，not_endured(忍受)．The boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the ever-changing sights and sounds of a journey.A journey by train also has a special charm about https://www.doczj.com/doc/0516483549.html,kes and forests and wild，open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothing.On board a plane，however，there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow windows of the airplane.The soft lighting，in-flight films and gentle music make up the only world you know，and the hours progress slowly. Then there is the time spent being “processed” at a modern airport.People are conveyed like robots along walkways；baggage is weighed，tickets produced，examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area.Journeys by rail and sea take longer，yes，but the hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent.No wonder，then，that the modern hi gh-speed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines. Man，however，is now a world traveler and cannot turn his back on the airplane.The working lives of too many people depend upon it；whole new industries have been built around its design and opera tion.The holiday-maker，too，with limited time to spend，patiently endures the busy airports and the limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days，relaxing in the sun.Speed controls people's lives；time saved，in work or play，is the important thing—or so we are told.Perhaps those first horsemen，riding free across the wild，open plains，were enjoying a better world than the one we know today.They could travel at will，and the clock was not their master. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，乘坐飞机旅行方便快捷，节省了出行旳时间，然而却也
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.