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立党为公，执政为民。
The party was founded for public good and it exercises state power/governance for the people.总揽全局exercise leadership with a holistic view人们日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产力之间矛盾是我国社会的主要矛盾。
The principal problem in our society is that the backward production cannot meet the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people.我们在任何情况下都要牢牢把握社会主义初级阶段这个最大国情。
We must bear in mind under any circumstances the paramount reality that China remains in the primary stage of socialism.我们必须把坚持以经济建设为中心同四项基本原则、改革开放这两个基本点统一于中国特色社会主义的伟大实践。
We must adhere to both the central task—economic development—and the two basic points—the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up—in our great endeavor to build socialism with Chinese characteristics.我们要胸怀理想、坚定信念、不动摇、不懈怠，不折腾、顽强奋斗、艰苦奋斗、不懈奋斗。
We should remain true to our ideal, be firm in our conviction, never vacillate in or relax our efforts or act recklessly, and we should forge ahead/press forward with tenacity and resolve.全面把握机遇、沉着应对挑战，赢得主动、赢得优势seize all opportunities, respond with cool-headedness to challenges and gain initiative and advantages司法公信力应不断提高。
视译练习素材Secretary-General’s Message on World Population DayNew York, 11 July 2012The world‘s population has more than tripled since the United Nations was created in 1945, and keeps growing. With more than 7 billion people now inhabiting the planet, we face ever greater demands on shared resources and significant challenges to the achievement of internationally agreed development goals.Multiple crises –food, fuel and financial –have caused significant suffering and served as a wake-up call about the need to pay far more attention to the building blocks of sustainable development. Reproductive health is an indispensable part of the sustainable development equation. Women and young people who are in good health, and who have the power and means to make their own decisions about how many children to have -- and when to have them -- are better able to contribute to the development of their societies.Yet only one in three rural women in developing countries receives adequate care during pregnancy. Teenage pregnancies are still commonplace in most parts of the world, often driven by poverty and a lack of education. More than 200 million women and adolescent girls have no access to contraceptives. And voluntary family planning programmes are starved for resources almost everywhere.We can – and must – do better. On this World Population Day, I call for urgent concerted action by Member States to bridge the gap between demand and supply for reproductive health care. Reproductive health and rights are integral to sustainabledevelopment and poverty reduction. Investing in universal access to reproductive health is a crucial investment in healthy societies and a more sustainable future.Want Your Employees To Do More? Give Them LessCorporate leaders say they want employees who take on extra initiative for improving the company, but they do little to foster a culture that empowers and rewards employees for doing so.Recently I came across a survey that tries to explain why employees don't demonstrate more initiative at work. The survey of 675 professionals in the U.S. and Canada defined initiative as taking actions that "make the company better, including bringing up new ideas, suggesting better ways of doing business, and taking high levels of effort to improve the organization's services." The study, conducted by Dr. John Izzo (author of Stepping Up: How Taking Responsibility Changes Everything) and his publisher Berrett-Koehler, offered seven possible reasons why employees don't "step up" at work and asked respondents to select the two that best described why they don't take more initiative.The number one reason, cited by 64 percent of survey respondents: Leaders don't seek their input when making decisions, so employees don't offer their ideas.The second most popular reason, cited by nearly 40 percent of workers: Employees don't suggest ways to improve the business because leaders dismiss their ideas.One in four respondents (26 percent) noted that they don't take more initiative because they don't get rewarded or recognized for doing so.I have a couple of theories as to why employees don't takemore initiative at work: When they do, their bosses take all the credit. More importantly, they simply don't have time. They're too busy doing their job, plus the job of one or two colleagues who were laid off during the recession and never replaced, to tell their boss, "I've got an idea that will make our workflow more efficient and make everyone's work days easier and more productive."Overworked employees pose significant problems to businesses, and not having enough time to generate and share their bold ideas for stiff-arming the competition is just one of them. When workloads get too ambitious, employees make mistakes. Quality and service suffer, and the law of diminishing returns catches up to corporate greed. The many employers that have decided, in the interest of reducing costs to prop up corporate profits, not to hire more workers because existing employees are so productive will soon understand what I'm talking about.Overworked employees also suffer from low morale. When employees race through their workdays juggling an inordinate (and increasing) number of responsibilities because their employer won't hire someone to take on the extra work, their resentment grows while their investment in their company's success sinks.Thus, the lessons for leaders who want to get more out of their employees are clear: 1Ask employees for feedback when making decisions.2Don't dismiss their ideas.3Reward them for sharing game-changing ideas and for taking on more work.Most importantly, leaders can get their workers to do more (and more of the important stuff) by giving them less to do. Hirepeople, whether contractors or full-time staff, to relieve your most valuable employees of some of the extra work they took on during the recession. Give them time to generate, share and implement their new ideas.打盹的好处打盹，常常被认为是一个奢侈的嗜好，或者是躲懒的方式。
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汉英视译—句子视译练习1.我们支持学生们成立自己的学习小组。
2.我们非常欢迎你们参加我们的讨论。
3.奥巴马率领美国代表团出席了在墨西哥举行的G20峰会。
4.法国投票支持了安理会反对恐怖主义的所有决议。
5.中国支持俄罗斯加入世贸组织。
6.请大家和我们一起庆祝这个伟大的时刻。
7.你这个建议对我们实施科教兴国战略非常有帮助。
8.总统批准增加拨款500万美元，解决沙漠部队饮水问题。
9.我们希望两国之间进一步加强合作，增加交流。
10.他一向很支持我们的工作。
11.安理会第126次会议通过决议，对该国实施制裁。
12.1978年12月，中国共产党第十一届三中全会作出了实行改革开放的战略决策。
13.发展中国家，最不发达国家和小岛屿国家的经济过去十年遇到许多困难。
14.我们救灾工作的效率还可以更好一些。
15.我们要求增加纺织品配额20%，我们很高兴双方已经达成一致。
现在我们接下去讨论钢铁产品出口问题。
16.学校决定精简机构，减少系科。
17.这些国家必须先建立法制，经济才能走上可持续发展的道路。
18.中国的国有企业，东西出口到别的国家，经常受到反倾销的指控。
19.中国经济已经高速增长了近30年，今后的30年是否依然可以保持较高的增长速度？20.二十世纪以来，科技革命迅猛发展，人类取得了一系列辉煌的科学技术成果。
21.世界各国环境部长将于7月1日在温哥华举行会议，重点讨论全球气候变暖的问题。
22.发达国家对气候变暖负有历史责任，需要在温室气体减排行动中做出表率。
23.根据我市经济快速发展的需要，我们将在西郊建立一个经济开发区。
24.友好国家，石油保证供应，敌对国家，石油禁运，一般国家，石油限量供应。
25.推进人力资源能力建设，要提高国民健康水平。
26.有市场、有效益的速度，才是真正的发展，才是硬道理。
27.陕西，人人都是投资环境，处处都是投资环境。
28.在旧金山，城市规划就是最大的政治。
29.人必须因材施教，适才适所，这很重要。
这些带有中国特色的句子，请大家选择性看看，主要注意一些说法。
1. 继续扩大国内需求，是当前应对亚洲金融危机和国际市场变化的正确选择，也是我国经济发展的基本立足点和长期战略方针。
In light of [Given] the Asian financial crisis and the changes in the international markets, it is proper/fitting for us to continue boosting/promoting domestic demand. This constitutes the basic foundation for China’s economic development as well as being part of our long-term strategy.2. 中国各民族相互依存的政治、经济、文化联系，使其在长期的历史发展中有着共同的命运和共同的利益，产生了强固的亲合力、凝聚力。
Due to/Because of their interdependent political, economic and cultural ties, all Chinese nationalities have shared a common destiny and a common interest throughout their long historical development, creating a strong force for affinity and cohesion.3. 当前正在进行以课程教材改革为核心的教育改革，改革的中心目标是变应试教育为素质教育。
An education reform centering on curriculum and teaching materials is under way. As our main goal, we will try to reform the educational system so that it focuses on the enhancement of students’ abilities instead of training them merely to pass exams.4. 中国的事情能不能办好，社会主义和改革开放能不能坚持，经济能不能快一点发展起来，国家能不能长治久安，从一定意义上说，关键在于人。
视译练习单句视译1.I come to China// at an important time.我到中国来访问，正逢一个重要的时刻。
2.They built the bridge//in two months.他们建这座桥，只花了两个月。
3.Several more fundamental proposals are advanced// for consideration by theGeneral Assembly/ /for possible action in the longer term.一些基本的建议也提出来了，供大会审议，以便采取更长期的行动。
4.Twentieth century history shows// the impressive adaptive capacity ofinternational relations// based on multinational principles and norms.二十世纪的历史表明，国际关系具有惊人的调整适应能力，而这种关系的基础是多边原则与准则。
5.The United Nations must further strengthen its capacity// for launching coherentand coordinated humanitarian actions,// under the guiding principles of humanity, neutrality and impartiality.联合国必须进一步加强起能力，发起一致而又协调的人道主义的行动。
这一切的知道原则是人道、中立、公正。
（比较：联合国必须进一步加强按照人道、中立、公正的知道原则开展一致而又协调的人道主义行动的能力。
）6.All of this reflects the desire by many governments to have a range ofopportunities for pushing forward with liberalization, rather than relying solely on global multilateralism.这些情况反映出许多政府希望利用一系列机会推动自由化过程，而不是单纯依赖全球多边主义的方法。
视译练习英汉同声传译技能分解训练一、句子的处理（1）长句子的处理断句：所谓的断句指的是在同传时将原语句子，按适当意群或概念单位，进行切割处理并译成目的语。
1．I come to China// at an important time.我到中国来访问，正逢一个重要的时刻。
2．They built the bridge//in two months.他们建这座桥，只花了两个月。
3．Several more fundamental proposals are advanced// for consideration by the General Assembly/ /for possible action in the longer term.一些基本的建议也提出来了，供大会审议，以便采取更长期的行动。
4. Twentieth century history shows// the impressive adaptive capacity of international relations// based on multinational principles and norms.二十世纪的历史表明，国际关系具有惊人的调整适应能力，而这种关系的基础是多边原则与准则。
5. The United Nations must further strengthen its capacity// for launching coherent and coordinated humanitarian actions,// under the guiding principles of humanity, neutrality and impartiality.联合国必须进一步加强起能力，发起一致而又协调的人道主义的行动。
这一切的知道原则是人道、中立、公正。
（比较：联合国必须进一步加强按照人道、中立、公正的知道原则开展一致而又协调的人道主义行动的能力。
）Exercises:1. All of this reflects the desire by many governments to have a range of opportunities for pushing forward with liberalization, rather than relying solely on global multilateralism.这些情况反映出许多政府希望利用一系列机会推动自由化过程，而不是单纯依赖全球多边主义的方法。
2. In the past decade, liberalization and globalization have been the hallmark of economic policy throughout the world.在过去的十年里，自由化和全球化是经济政策的显著标志，全世界都是如此。
3. Growing economic integration and interlinkages among issues suggest the need for new and more comprehensive approaches to capacity building adapted to the constantly evolving needs of developing countries.日益增长的经济一体化和各种问题的千丝万缕的联系意味着有必要采取更新颖、更全面的方法来对待能力建设问题，以适应发展中国家不断变化的需求。
4. Cultural and scientific contact went from strength to strength through the 19th an dearly 20th centuries.文化和科学方面的接触日益增多，整个十九和二十世纪都是这样。
5. In order to allow thematic working groups to achieve tangible results,// the council may wish to recommend the UN system organizations,// in staffing their country offices,// take into account the resources required // to support the work of these groups.（2）倒装句的处理英、汉语的语序差别很大，这就给口译造成了较大困难。
例如：Japansurrendered in 1945 after Americans dropped two atom bombs。
同声传译时，往往是刚刚译出前半句"日本人在1945年投降了"，接着又出现了后半"美国人投了两颗原子弹后"。
在这种情况下，如果译员已按英文语序译出，只好把句子重新组合，再重复说一遍。
但这又显得翻译水平不高。
如何处理好呢？以下二种方法不妨试一试。
第一种：译员不要接得太紧，而是等讲话的人将大部分句子说出后，再开始翻译。
但是，在快速的同声传译中，往往等不了这样长的时间。
这样，我们可以采取第二种方法：将一个句子断为二、三个简单句，在简单句之间，适当补充一些字、词，把它们有机地联结起来。
上述例句可以译成："日本人投降了，那是在1945年，在这之前，美国人投了两颗原子弹。
"这样译，虽然不完美，但是主要意思都译出来了，而且句子也比较通顺。
（3）被动语态和主动语态英语常用被动语态，相对来说，汉语则多用主动语态。
了解这一点，在互译时，就会避免译出英文式的中文，或中文式的英文。
例如：In some of the European countries the people are given the biggest social benefit such as medical insurance. 此句英文用的是被动语态，翻译时应将其改为主动语态，译为："在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受到最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等等。
"在同声传译时，由于时间紧迫，译员很容易顺着英文的句子结构往下译，译成"......人民被给予最大的社会福利......"。
仔细听国际会议的同声传译，就会发现不少译员经常犯这一通病。
因此，应当引起足够的重视。
二、转换转换：是同声传译中的词类转换。
1. Every State is the best judge of what is required to safeguard its national security.每个国家自己才能最好地判断需要什么来保卫自己的国家安全。
2. The Chairman of the Working Group has given a report on the work of the group.工作小组主席汇报了该组的工作。
3. I hope my presence here tonight is further proof of the importance we in Britain attach to relations with your great country.我希望我今晚到这里来就可以进一步证明，我们英国重视和你们伟大的国家的关系。
三、重复1. I hope that the meeting will not be too long, for it will only waste time.我希望这次会议不要开得太久，太久了只会浪费时间。
2. The organization remains an invaluable tool at the disposal of the international community.本组织仍然是一种宝贵的工具，一种能为国际社会服务的宝贵工具3. Member states identified human rights as a central issue for the future agenda of the Organization and of the world community in general.成员国已确定人权为本组织未来议程中的一个中心问题，一个国际社会未来议程中的中心问题。
四、增补1. This is why we have joined together in NATO in a free association of countries united not only by common political philosophies, but by the will to resist.正因为如此，我们一起组成了北约，结成了国家间的自由联盟。
我们联合起来不仅因为我们有共同的政治理念，也因为我们有共同抵抗的决心。
2. Implementation of international human rights standards must be pursued with vigour.贯彻国际人权标准的工作必须大力进行。
五、省略1. Will al those who are in favour of this draft resolution, please signify by raising their hands?赞成的请举手。
2. Virtually all governments have taken significant steps to widen the role of private enterprise in economic activity.各国政府大都采取了重大步骤来扩大私人企业的作用，在经济活动方面的作用。
3. Retreat from unpleasant realities into comforting illusions rarely solves any problem.逃避不甚愉快的现实，沉迷于舒适的幻想，是很难解决任何问题的。
六、反说1. There shall be no development in the region with peace and stability.要取得区域的发展就一定要有和平和稳定。
2. He is nothing if not a hypocrite.他完全是个伪君子。
3. In Vietnam today, there are only two cities which are partly destrpyed.现在越南只有两个城市没有完全炸毁。
