2018年高考英语二轮复习训练：1-1-3 主旨大意题a 含解析

锁定主旨大意题A(2017·江西五市八校二次联考)Anna Schiferl hadn't even got out of bed when she reached for her cell phone and typed a text to her mom，one recent Saturday.Her mom was right downstairs in the kitchen.The text was that Anna wanted an egg for breakfast.Soon after，Joanna Schiferl called，“If you want to talk to me，Anna，come downstairs and see me！” Anna laughs about it now.“I was kind of lazy，” she admits.These days，many people with cell phones prefer texting to a phone call.And that's creating a communication divide of sorts—the talkers VS the texters.Some would argue that it's no big deal.But many experts say the most successful communicators will，of course，have the competence to do both.And they fear that more of us are unable to have—or at least are avoiding—the traditional face－to－face conversations.Many professors say it is not common to see students outside of class.“I sit in my office lonely now because if my students have a question，they e­mail me，often late at night，” says Renee Houston，a professor at the University of Puget Sound in Washington state.“And they never call.”As Anna sees，“There are people you'll text，but won't call.It's just a way to stay in touch with each other.” Some believe that scores of texts each day keep people more connected.“The problem is that the conversation isn't very deep，” says Joseph Grenny，co－author of the book Crucial Conversations: Tools for Talking When Stakes are High.“The problem has been there since we've had telephones—probably since the time of a telegraph，” G renny says.Texting is just the latest way to do that.Though they may not always be so good at deep conversations themselves，Grenny suggests that parents model the behavior for their children and put down their own cell phones.He says that they also should set limits，as Anna's mom did when she made the “no texting to people in the same house” rule.语篇解读：现在很多人用发信息的方式和别人交流而忽视了面对面的交流，本文介绍了不同的人对这种交流方式的态度和观点。

A(2017·云南昆明高三质检)Two weeks ago, a 7­year­old girl, Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google, expressing her interest in working for the tech company when she gets older. “Dear Google boss, my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google, ”she wrote. “I also want to work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in the Olympics.”The student said she liked computers and had a tablet she played games on. She even showed off a robot game that her dad gave her.It wasn’t long before Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, replied with his own letter on Google website. In a letter dated Feb. 3, Pichai wrote, “Dear Chloe, I’m glad that you like computers and robots, and hope that you will continue to learn about technology. I think if you keep working hard and follow your dreams, you can accomplish everything you set your mind to. I look forward to receiving your job application when you are finished with school! ”Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply. But he wasn’t surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place. “She’s got determination. She doesn’t see the barriers that we face every day，”he explained.“If she wants to do it, she will set out to do it and nothing will stop her.”The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter. Still, he’s not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work. “Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasn’t yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google，”he said.[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文，七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai写信，没想到却收到了Sundar的回信。

A(2017·安徽百所重点高中高三二模)I had the honour of being elected chief of my tribe (部落)．With the title came great responsibility.It was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe，whose village we visited.Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying，sticking eyes and much noise of sticks.They laid a palm leaf on the ground and，as head，I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking it up，then touching noses with their chief.“Kia ora，”he said, welcoming us into the woodland home of his people.My “tribe” was my New Zealand coach tour group，who had forced me into being their leader.We'd been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile would be considered rude to the Tamaki.After that it was non-stop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka, the war dance immortalized(使不朽) by the All Blacks rugby team.Then they pulled our dinner of lamb，beef and vegetables out of the ground.It had been slow-cooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal (地热的) area of North Island，a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time.Obviously，this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable.The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort，our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show.“The wheels on the bus go round and round，”he got ussinging，while he circuited a roundabout three times.A couple of days from the end of our trip，there was still something missing，a New Zealand icon I wanted to see to make my grand tour complete.Riding over a ridge，there it was－Aotearoa.The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud”．Can I say “Kia ora，Aotearoa？”Y ou bet I can.1．How were the visitors greeted in the tribe?A．The soldiers made a palm leaf road.B．The soldiers touched their noses.C．The soldiers shook sticks fiercely.D．The soldiers made noise with shut eyes.2．Which refers to the Maori cooking custom?A．Kia ora.B．Haka.C．Hangi. D．Tamaki.3．What does the author think of the driver?A．He was good at singing.B．He made the journey memorable.C．He was not familiar with the road.D．He performed well on a TV show.4．What is the best title for the text?A．A taste of Maori cultureB．Hello，New ZealandC．The honour of being a tribe chiefD．The best of New Zealand【解题导语】本文为记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。

题型三主旨大意题A(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·B篇)Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Sa v e Money：Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home，preparing meals for sons，Sam，14，Finn，13，and Jack，11.“We love Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，”she explains.“I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion，because they are flour，water，sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food，but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight－part series (系列节目)，Sa v e Money：Good Food，follows in the footstep s of ITV’s Sa v e Money: Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense，Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.【语篇解读】本文介绍了在英国的一档名为Sa v e Money：Good Food的电视节目。

第1部分题型重组练第1部分题型重组练第一组(建议用时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·云南昆明高三质检)The Masai are a people who are constantly trying to preserve their own ways in an increasingly modern world. They live along the border of Kenya and Tanzania, moving their homes from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their living.The Masai have become known as a people of fighters, protecting their cattle against lions and other enemies. Only men are fighters. They wear long hair, which is colored red with clay. They can have more than one wife. Women build and take care of the home, fixing food and making clothing. Women and children keep their heads shaved. Women can also become elders,__once they have given birth to four healthy children.The Masai depend on their cattle for m any parts of their life. They drink cows’ milk and blood as sacred drinks. They use the cows’ waste to cover and seal their homes. They don’t kill their cattle for food, but if a cow is killed, then the horns(角) are used for containers; the hides are used to make shoes, clothing, ropes and bed coverings; and the bones are made into decorations.The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be. A man who owns 50 or fewer cattle is con-sidered poor. A “rich” man has a thousand or more. The cattle, though owned by the man, are consideredto belong to the man’s entire family. The family names the cattle and can recognize each animal’s unique voice.Masai houses are made from sticks and grass, but they are meant to be temporary, since the move of their cattle means that the Masai move as well.1．What is Masai women’s daily work at home?A．They protect the cattle from being hunted.B．They give birth to babies and bring them up.C．They look after as well as naming their cattle.D．They mainly deal with various housework.2．When do the Masai move from one place to another?A．They move when they have over a thousand cattle.B．They move once there are 4 children in the family.C．They move when their cattle need new food sources.D．They move after their houses are not strong enough.3．What does the underlined word “elders” in Paragraph 2 mean?A．Aged citizens.B．Respected people.C．Brave fighters.D．Wealthy hostesses.4．It can be inferred from the text that ________．A．the Masai raise the cattle mainly for their meatB．lions are the primary enemies of the MasaiC．the Masai are living a life in a modern wayD．the total of the Masai’s cattle decides their statusⅡ.完形填空(2017·安徽江南十校联考)As the saying goes，“Rose given, fragrance in hand”. I am always in the __1__ of giving money to every beggar or homeless person I pass by. My friends say it is not good to __2__. We may come across beggars or homeless people begging every day and all beggars have their ability to survive. It __3__ them that I never listen to them.On a __4__ day，my friend and I were walking to the __5__ when I passed a beggar lady.I had seen her several times before and had always given her a few __6__．That day, I gave her 2 Euros. I was waiting for the bus and reading a book when I __7__ to see that lady standing in front of me. She __8__ me a piece of paper covered in a plastic bag to prevent it from getting __9__．She stood there，looking at me __10__. Putting away my book, I took the paper，which __11__ she and her family had to __12__ their country because of floods, and that she was __13__ to support them. She had got a bit of money, but she needed 5 __14__ Euros to get home. I __15__ in my pockets and found 20 cents. My friend __16__ a 5 Euro note. I asked her to give it to the lady, and said that I would __17__ the next day. When she got the money, the lady hugged us and said thanks again and again, and went on her way. Later on the bus, I wondered where her home was and __18__ she had gotten to this country. In her story, I felt that my friend and I would always remain part of it as the __19__， who helped her get home on a rainy day. But for me, helping a stranger did bring me happiness, giving me a pleasant __20__．1.A.time B．wayC．trend D．habit2．A.encourage B．exposeC．evaluate D．envy3．A.delights B．annoysC．interests D．attracts4．A.rainy B．dryC．sunny D．cloudy5．A.airport B．bus stopC．railway station D．downtown6．A.books B．suggestionsC．cents D．roses7．A.turned around B．looked downC．looked up D．stood up8．A.asked B．beggedC．bargained D．handed9．A.wet B．burntC．lost D．dirty10．A.cheerfully B．clumsilyC．eagerly D．luckily11．A.wrote B．spokeC．said D．told12．A.miss B．leaveC．support D．blame13．A.struggling B．exploringC．hesitating D．searching14．A.many B．moreC．another D．much15．A.touched B．lookedC．watched D．fished16．A.gave out B．took outC．handed in D．made out17．A.pay back B．take backC．come back D．get back18．A.why B．whereC．how D．whether19．A.lookers-on B．strangersC．foreigners D．passers-by20．A.situation B．moodC．spirit D．positionⅢ.语法填空(2017·福建泉州检测)Beijing Opera roles require performers to paint 1.____________(they) faces in patterns and colors to represent different character types and 2.____________(quality)．In Beijing Opera, facial painting can be quite complex. However, in the 3.____________(begin)，only three colors were used—red, white, and black. Now, many other colors, such 4.____________ yellow, purple, blue and green, are used for facial painting.Red is a color for brave and loyal characters. Guan Yu, a general from the Three Kingdoms Period (A.D.220－280), is a good example of this kind of character. He is famous 5.____________ being very loyal to his emperor, Liu Bei.White highlights all 6.____________ is bad in human nature. It 7.____________(suggest) dishonesty and betrayal(背叛). One of the typical white-faced characters is Cao Cao, a 8.____________(power) and cruel prime minister from the Three Kingdoms Period.Black face paint is 9.____________(usual) used for someone who is fierce and violent. One typical example is General Zhang Fei from the classic novel, RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.All these different colors are used in Beijing Opera facial painting 10.____________(provide) a clear picture of each character.第1部分题型重组练第一组Ⅰ.阅读理解[导学号：65294051]【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马赛人的情况。

2018高考英语（通用）二轮训练：阅读理解（主旨大意）含答案阅读理解----主旨大意题常见的命题方式有：1．What is the best title for this passage?2．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?3．What’s the main idea of the text?4．The main idea of the second paragraph is probably that .1．标题归纳类标题归纳类题目应该注意其醒目性、概括性和针对性。

解题时抓住文章的首段和每一段的首尾句以及一些贯穿整篇文章始终的关键词。

名师点津干扰项特点1．以偏概全；2.断章取义；3.主题扩大；4.张冠李戴；5.无中生有。

典题印证(2016·全国Ⅱ，C片段)Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now，the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place，hoping that the book will have an adventure，traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson，the managing director of BookCrossing，says，“The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.”32．What is the best title for the text?A．Online Reading：A Virtual TourB．Electronic Books：A New TrendC．A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD．A Website Links People Through Books答案 D解析标题归纳题。

建议用时：45分钟Ⅰ.完形填空点击观看解答视频[2015·河北唐山一模]Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk, Svetlana had always dreamed to enter the Olympics scene some day.However, her___1___ ended in the car on the winding road when a lorry appeared out of nowhere. The last thing she ___2___ was a blinding flash of light. In hospital, when told she would never___3___again, she couldn't believe it. Three months later, she was___4___out of hospital on a wheelchair. Then a friend came to her house to visit her with an old child's storybook. A bookmark in it made her ___5___to page 117. The name of the___6___was ‘The Day Clara Walked’. She was determined to return to stage whatever it might cost.___7___，after a year's hard exercise, Svetlana recovered and was able to display her gymnastics. While she was sitting on the green bench ___8___the Athens Stadium, memories ___9___：first, the pain and the tears, the book under her pillow, the words of relatives full of advice and comfort, and the pity in those eyes that had once held___10___ for her talent. Then followed the trips to the gym where everyone looked on___11___，their disbelief transforming slowly to wonder, ___12___she could balance the hoop (健身圈) as well as her teammates. She registered for the 2004 Olympic Games, and finally she received ___13___from the Olympic Committee.Her___14___was interrupted by the attendant who said, “It's time”，two words that she had been___15___ to hear for so long. Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium, each___16___ firm and steady. Everything was ___17___，and the applause rang loud in her ears, her heart ___18___ violently against her chest.Later that night, Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket and placed it on the old___19___ on the shelf, which opened to page 117, to the chapter ‘The Day Clara Walked’，tears ___20___ her vision.本文主要讲述了自幼怀有体育梦想，一心想进入奥林匹克比赛现场的小主人公Svetlana，在经历一场突如其来的车祸后，毅然决定坚持自己的梦想，一番努力后终于梦想成真。

专题一阅读理解第三讲主旨大意类真题验证题组一A(2017·全国Ⅲ，D)导学号 47404011 The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well－being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in－vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom－made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed ad aptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really ne ed to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”For example, mo st of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at riskof getting fined. We're looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了智能交通团队建立移动实验室，研究老年人开车存在的问题和难点，帮助老年人安全驾驶。

建议用时：45分钟Ⅰ.完形填空点击观看解答视频[2015·河北唐山一模]Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk, Svetlana had always dreamed to enter the Olympics scene some day.However, her___1___ ended in the car on the winding road when a lorry appeared out of nowhere. The last thing she ___2___ was a blinding flash of light. In hospital, when told she would never___3___again, she couldn't believe it. Three months later, she was___4___out of hospital on a wheelchair. Then a friend came to her house to visit her with an old child's storybook. A bookmark in it made her ___5___to page 117. The name of the___6___was ‘The Day Clara Walked’. She was determined to return to stage whatever it might cost.___7___，after a year's hard exercise, Svetlana recovered and was able to display her gymnastics. While she was sitting on the green bench ___8___the Athens Stadium, memories ___9___：first, the pain and the tears, the book under her pillow, the words of relatives full of advice and comfort, and the pity in those eyes that had once held___10___ for her talent. Then followed the trips to the gym where everyone looked on___11___，their disbelief transforming slowly to wonder, ___12___she could balance the hoop (健身圈) as well as her teammates. She registered for the 2004 Olympic Games, and finally she received ___13___from the Olympic Committee.Her___14___was interrupted by the attendant who said, “It's time”，two words that she had been___15___ to hear for so long. Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium, each___16___ firm and steady. Everything was ___17___，and the applause rang loud in her ears, her heart ___18___ violently against her chest.Later that night, Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket and placed it on the old___19___ on the shelf, which opened to page 117, to the chapter ‘The Day Clara Walked’，tears ___20___ her vision.本文主要讲述了自幼怀有体育梦想，一心想进入奥林匹克比赛现场的小主人公Svetlana，在经历一场突如其来的车祸后，毅然决定坚持自己的梦想，一番努力后终于梦想成真。