on garden 中英对照
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常用专业术语中英文对照表园林史园林史landscape history, garden history古典园林classical garden囿hunting park苑imperial park皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden寺庙园林monastery garden中国古典园林classical Chinese garden中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden皇家园林 royal garden私家园林 -private garden江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林western classical garden英国式园林English style garden中英混合式园林 Anglo-Chinese style garden 意大利式园林Italian style garden西班牙式园林Spainish style garden法兰西式园林-French style garden勒诺特尔式园林-Le Notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden庄园 manor,villa garden廊柱园peristyle garden,patio绿廊xystus迷阵-maze,labyrinth灵囿- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼 -Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台 -Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑 -Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫 -Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄-Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林-Suzhou traditional garden悬园 Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
I’m Peppa Pig. This is my little brother, George. This is Mummy Pig. And this is Daddy Pig.我是佩奇,这是我的弟弟乔治。
这是我的妈妈。
这是我的爸爸。
Peppa Pig 小猪佩奇Gardening! 种植Garden 英[ˈɡɑːdn] 美[ˈɡɑːrdn]n.园圃,花园,果园,菜园;庭园;园子;公园v.做园艺工作;种植花木Peppa and George are playing at Granny Pig and Grandpa Pig's house.佩奇和乔治在猪奶奶和猪爷爷家里玩。
(佩奇传球给爷爷)Peppa: Grandpa! Catch!佩奇:爷爷,接住!Grandpa Pig: Catch! What's this?(乔治抱着恐龙玩具跑到爷爷面前)猪爷爷:接住了!这是什么?George:Dine-SaW! Grrrrr!乔治:恐龙!咯……Grandpa Pig: A dinosaur!猪爷爷:恐龙啊!Peppa: Grandpa, what are you doing?佩奇:爷爷,你在做什么?Grandpa Pig: I'm planting these seeds.([siːd] 种子)猪爷爷:我在播种。
sow [səʊ] 播种Peppa: Seeds? What do seeds do?佩奇:种子?种子是做什么的?Grandpa Pig:Seeds grow into plants. I just make a little hole and put the seed in. Then I cover it with earth and water it. Everything in my garden grows from tiny seeds like these.猪爷爷:种子会长成植物。
The Neglected GardenSo many years have passed已过了好些年The dew is still on the roses露水仍在玫瑰花上I left my childhood我将自己的童年In a garden green.遗留在那绿色的花园Come in the garden来到花园里And look at the trees仰望那些树I used to play there when I was a child这是我年幼时的游乐场Squirrels and birds松鼠与小鸟Little fairies还有那些小仙女Settled down there long ago在很久以前就在此落脚So many years have passed已过了好些年The dew is still on the roses露水仍在玫瑰花上I left my childhood我将自己的童年In a garden green.遗留在那绿色的花园Come in the garden 来0到花园里And sit on the grass坐在那草皮上I used to sit there when I was a child就如同我年幼时那样Ivy and moss藤蔓、地衣Little daisies以及那些小雏菊Covered the lane long ago在很久以前便将小路给覆盖So many years have passed已过了好些年The dew is still on the roses露水仍在玫瑰花上I kept my memories我将我的回忆In that garden green遗留在那绿色的花园THE LIGHT BEFORE WE LANDMP3歌词:In cases such as theseI'd like a handDon't wake me upwithout a master planWith black & white instead of colourDon't you understand?When things that once were beautifulAre blandAnd when I feel likeI can feel once againLet me stay awhileSoak it in awhileIf we can hold onwe can fix what is wrongBy a little timeFor this head of mineHaven for usIn truth there isno better place to beThan falling out ofdarkness still to seeWithout a premonitionCould you tell mewhere we stand?I'd hate to lose this light Before we landAnd when I feel likeI can feel once againLet me stay awhileSoak it in awhileIf we can hold onwe can fix what is wrongBy a little timeFor this head of mineHaven for usBefore we let euphoria Convince us we are free Remind us how we used to feel Before when life was real Ah...Ah...And when I feel likeI can feel once againLet me stay awhileSoak it in awhileIf we can hold onwe can fix what is wrongBy a little timeFor this head of mineHaven for usLondon bridge is falling down ,falling down, London bridge is falling down ,my fair lady. build it up with iron bars ,iron bars ,build it up with iron bars ,my fair lady.伦敦桥要倒了,要倒了,要倒了,伦敦桥要倒了,我的小女孩,用铁做的栏杆,铁栏杆,铁栏杆用铁做的栏杆,我的小女孩.。
经理室 Manager Room董事长室 Board-Chairman Room接待室 Reception Room会议室 Conference Room多功能会议室Multimedia Conference Room人力资源部 Human Resource Dept.技术部 Technology Dept.公共场所双语标识英文译法实施指南综合部 Administration Dept.(文 化)财务部 Financial Dept.警示提示信息采购部 Purchasing Dept.六. 音像店生产制造部 Production Dept.序号 中文名称 英文名称总经理室:General manager room1 欢迎光临 Welcome副总经理室:Deputy general manager room2 营业时间 Open Hours/Business Hours总经理工作部:General manager service depa3 保持安静 Quiet Please接待室 :Reception room4 禁止吸烟 No Smoking会议室 :Conference room5 禁止入内 No Admittance/No Entry财务部 :Finance department6 请勿触摸 Don’t Touch策划部 :Plan department7 请勿拍照 No Photography工程部 :Engineering dept8 拉 PULL/Pull预算管理部 :Budget control division9 推 PUSH/Push总务部 :Administration department10 小心台阶 Watch Your Step/Mind the Step温泉管理中心 :Hot spring administrative c11 小心轻放 Handle with Care采购部 :Purchase department12 小心碰头 Watch Your Head/Mind Your Head洗消间 :Decontamination13 随手关门 Keep Door Closed /Please close the door冷库 :Cold storagebehind you.热交换站:Heat change station14 员工专用 Staff Only弱电机房: Weak electricity engine room15 灭火专用 Fire Extinguisher值班室 :Duty officers observation room 酒店索引 Hotel Directory人力资源部 :Human resources department市场部(市场营销部) :Marketing departm餐厅 :Dining room浴室 :Bathroom厨房操作间:Kitchen operation储藏室Storage room董事长室?? Chairman of room备用间Alternate Room餐饮部办公室 Food and Beverage Dept 总经理室 General Manager's Office布草制服房 Uniform Linen Room 仓库WarehousePA工作间 Public Area 厦门办事处Xiamen Office?财务部 Financial Dept 消防预防控制中心Fire prevention control center巴黎春天 PRINTEMPS 财务部 Finance Department行政办公室 Executive office 排烟机房smoke extract fan room市场营销部Salec and MarketingDept排风机房 exhaust fan room保安部 Security Dept 人事部 The Ministry of Personnel人力资源部Personnel andTraining Dept 衣帽间Cloak room工作间 Pantry 风机房Fan room控制室 Control 文员 Clerk 生产部 Production 生产备料部 Preparation of the production 业务部 Business Unit 采购部 Purchasing 出纳Cashier 公司办公室 Administration Office 经理室 Manager Room 董事长室 Board-Chairman Room 接待室 Reception Room 会议室 Conference Room 多功能会议室Multimedia Conference Room 人力资源部 Human Resource Dept. 技术部 Technology Dept. 综合部 Administration Dept. 财务部 Financial Dept. 采购部 Purchasing Dept. 生产制造部 Production Dept. 质量部 Quality Control Dept 董事长室:Chairman room 总经理室:General manager room 副总经理室:Deputy general manager room 总经理工作部:General manager service departm 总经理助理 Assistant to General Manager 人事行政部 Human Resources and Administrat 市场发展部 Marketing Department 风险控制部 Risk control Department 出单中心 Billing Center 客户服务部Customer Services Department 计划财务部 Financial Planning Department 公司业务部Operation Department 总工程师 (Chief engineer ) 财务部 (Finance department ) 综合管理部 (Comprehensive control division ) 监控中心 (Monitoring center ) 市场营销部 (Market marketing department ) 商务运营部 (The commerce transports the batta 开发部 (Development division ) 生产部(Production department ) 接待室 :Reception room 会议室 :Conference room 财务部 :Finance department 策划部 :Plan department 工程部 :Engineering dept 预算管理部 :Budget control division 总务部 :Administration department 温泉管理中心 :Hot spring administrative center 采购部 :Purchase department 洗消间 :Decontamination 冷库 :Cold storage 热交换站:Heat change station 弱电机房: Weak electricity engine room 值班室 :Duty officers observation room 人力资源部 :Human resources department 市场部(市场营销部) :Marketing department ( 餐厅 :Dining room 浴室 :Bathroom 厨房操作间:Kitchen operation 公司办公室 Administration Office 经理室 Manager Room 董事长室 Board-Chairman Room 接待室 Reception Room 会议室 Conference Room 多功能会议室Multimedia Conference Room 人力资源部 Human Resource Dept. 技术部 Technology Dept. 综合部 Administration Dept. 财务部 Financial Dept. 采购部 Purchasing Dept. 生产制造部 Production Dept. 质量部 Quality Control Dept. 卫生间washing room 办公室office 备件室spare part room 主任室director office 副主任室deputy director ofice 综合科compositive sector 配料室batching room 衡量室measurement room 交接班室crew changing room 质检室quality controling room 配电室distribution room 会议室assembly room 卫生间 Toilet 会议室 Conference Room 开发部 Development 仓库Warehouse? 车间 Workshop 包装组 Packaging group 外检(QC)Of the seizure (QC)?02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1509150093江经理roomer service departmentdivisiondministrative centerengine room 强电机房Strong electric engine room rvation rooms departmenteting department (market marketing department)on control centerthe production Conference Roomal manager roomnager service department?to General Managerrces and Administration Departmentices Departmentning Departmentve control division )eting department )ce transports the battalion headquarters )administrative centerrces departmentarketing department (market marketing department) Conference Room。
2.0001 园林学 landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture 2.0002 造园学 garden making, landscape garden-ing2.0003 环境园艺学 environmental horticulture2.0004 观赏园艺学 ornamental horticulture2.0005 园林艺术 garden art2.0006 园林美学 garden aesthetics2.0007 园林建筑学 garden architecture2.0008 园林建筑 garden building2.0009 园林工程 garden engineering2.0010 园林植物 landscape plant2.0011 观赏植物 ornamental plant2.0012 盆景 miniature landscape, penjing2.0013 园林 garden and park2.0014 园林学史 history of garden architecture2.0015 园林规划 garden planning, landscaping planning2.0016 园林设计 garden design2.0017 园林机具设备gardening machine2.0018 园林管理 garden management2.0019 园林生态 landscape ecology2.0020 绿化 greening, planting2.0021 环境绿化 environmental greening2.0022 绿地面积 green area2.0023 绿地率 ratio of green space2.0024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage2.0025 工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing2.0026 街道绿化 street greening, street planting2.0027 车行道绿化driveway greening2.0028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening2.0029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening2.0030 群众绿化 mass planting movement2.0031 郊区绿化 suburban greening2.0032 公路绿化 highway greening2.0033 铁路绿化 railway greening, railway planting2.0034 堤岸种植 bank planting2.0035 阳台绿化 balcony greening2.0036 窗台绿化 window-sill greening2.0037 屋顶绿化 roof greening2.0038 垂直绿化 vertical greening2.0039 攀缘绿化 climber greening2.0040 桥头绿化 bridgehead greening2.0041 花园 garden2.0042 专类花园 specified flower garden2.0043 花园村 garden village2.0044 园林城市 landscape garden city2.0045 蔷薇园 rose garden2.0046 松柏园 conifer garden2.0047 球根园 bulb garden2.0048 宿根园 perennial garden2.0049 假山园 rock garden, Chinese rockery2.0050 狩猎场 hunting ground2.0051 街心花园 street crossing center garden2.0052 小游园 petty street garden2.0053 水景园 water garden2.0054 铺地园 paved garden2.0055 野趣园 wild plants botanical garden2.0056 野生植物园wild plants garden2.0057 乡趣园 rustic garden2.0058 盆景园 penjing garden, miniature land-scape 2.0059 动物园 zoo, zoological garden2.0060 墓园 cemetery garden2.0061 沼泽园 bog and marsh garden2.0062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden2.0063 学校园 school garden2.0064 室内花园 indoor garden2.0065 芳香花园 fragrant garden2.0066 盲人花园 garden for the blind2.0067 公园 park, public park2.0068 城市公园 city park, urban park2.0069 区公园 regional park2.0070 儿童公园 children park2.0071 体育公园 sports park2.0072 森林公园 forest park2.0073 纪念公园 memorial park2.0074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park2.0075 综合公园 comprehensive park2.0076 文化公园 cultural park2.0077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park 2.0078 中央公园 central park2.0079 天然公园 natural park2.0080 海滨公园 seaside park, seabeach park2.0081 古迹公园 historic site park2.0082 河滨公园 riverside park2.0083 湖滨公园 lakeside park2.0084 路边公园 roadside park, street park2.0085 娱乐公园 amusement park2.0086 雕塑公园 sculpture park2.0087 休憩公园 recreation park2.0088 疗养公园 sanatorium park2.0089 国家公园 national park2.0090 邻里公园 neighborhood park2.0091 特种公园 special park2.0092 植物园 botanical garden2.0093 植物公园 abeled plants park2.0094 高山植物园 alpine garden2.0095 热带植物园 tropical plants garden2.0096 药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden 2.0097 绿地 green space2.0098 公共绿地 public green space2.0099 单位绿地 unit green area2.0100 城市绿地 urban green space2.0101 街道广场绿地street and square green area2.0102 居住区绿地 residential quarter green area2.0103 防护绿地 green area for environmental protection 2.0104 郊区绿地 suburban green space2.0105 街坊绿地 residential block green belt2.0106 附属绿地 attached green space2.0107 生产绿地 productive plantation area2.0108 苗圃 nursery2.0109 风景 landscape, scenery2.0110 自然景观 natural landscape2.0111 人文景观 human landscape, scenery of humanities 2.0112 草原景观 prairie landscape2.0113 山岳景观 mountain landscape, alpine landscape 2.0114 地理景观 geographical landscape2.0115 湖泊景观 lake view2.0116 郊区景观 suburban landscape2.0117 地质景观 geological landscape2.0118 喀斯特景观 karst landscape2.0119 植物景观 plants landscape, flora landscape02.2 园林史02.2.1 中国园林史2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden2.0123 中国山水园 Chinese mountain and water garden2.0124 帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden2.0125 皇家园林 royal garden2.0126 私家园林 private garden2.0127 江南园林 garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2 西方园林史2.0128 西方古典园林 western classical garden2.0129 英国式园林 English style garden2.0130 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden2.0131 意大利式园林 Italian style garden2.0132 西班牙式园林 Spanish style garden2.0133 法兰西式园林 French style garden2.0134 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden2.0135 文艺复兴庄园 Renaissance style villa2.0136 洛可可式园林 Rococo style garden2.0137 巴洛克式园林 Baroque style garden2.0138 庄园 manor, villa garden2.0139 廊柱园 peristyle garden, patio2.0140 绿廊 xystus2.0141 迷阵 maze, labyrinth02.2.3 典型中西园林2.0142 灵囿 Ling You Hunting Garden2.0143 灵沼 Ling Zhao Water Garden2.0144 灵台 Ling Tai Platform Garden2.0145 阿房宫 E-Pang Palace2.0146 上林苑 Shang-Lin Yuan2.0147 未央宫 Wei-Yang Palace2.0148 洛阳宫 Luoyang Palace2.0149 华清官 Hua-Qing Palace2.0150 艮岳 Gen Yue Imperial Garden2.0151 圆明园 Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden2.0152 颐和园 Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 2.0153 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort2.0154 苏州园林 Suzhou traditional garden2.0155 悬园 Hanging Garden2.0156 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 2.0157 凡尔赛宫苑 Versailles Palace Park2.0158 枫丹白露宫园 Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 园林艺术2.0159 景 view, scenery, feature2.0160 远景 distant view2.0161 近景 nearby view2.0162 障景 obstructive scenery, blocking view2.0163 借景 borrowed scenery, view borrowing2.0164 对景 opposite scenery, view in opposite place2.0165 缩景 miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery 2.0166 漏景 leaking through scenery2.0167 框景 enframed scenery2.0168 尾景 terminal feature2.0169 主景 main feature2.0170 副景 secondary feature2.0171 配景 objective view2.0172 夹景 vista line, vista2.0173 前景 front view2.0174 背景 background2.0175 景序 order of sceneries2.0176 景点 feature spot, view spot2.0177 仰视景观 upward landscape2.0178 俯视景观 downward landscape2.0179 季相景观 seasonal phenomena2.0180 气象景观 meteorological diversity scenery 2.0181 视野 visual field2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color2.0183 园林空间 garden space2.0184 开敞空间 wide open space, wide space2.0185 封闭空间 enclosure space2.0186 意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery 2.0187 苍古 antiquity2.0188 空灵 spaciousness, airiness2.0189 动观 in-motion viewing2.0190 静观 in-position viewing2.0191 视错觉 visual illusion2.0192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden2.0193 对称平衡 symmetrical balance2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance2.0195 左右对称 bilateral symmetry2.0196 辐射对称 radial symmetry2.0197 透景线 perspective line2.0198 轴线 axis, axial line2.0199 主轴 main axis2.0200 副轴 auxiliary axis2.0201 暗轴 hidden axis, invisible axis2.0202 树冠线 skyline2.0203 园林色彩艺术 art of garden colors2.0204 单色谐调 monochromatic harmony2.0205 复色谐调 compound chromatic harmony2.0206 对比色突出 contrast colors accent2.0207 近似色谐调 approximate colors harmony2.0208 暖色 warm color2.0209 冷色 cool color2.0210 色感 color sense2.0211 城市绿地系统规划 urban green space system planning2.0212 绿地系统 green space system2.0213 公共绿地定额 public green space quota2.0214 公共绿地指标 public green space norm2.0215 绿地布局 green space layout2.0216 吸引圈 attractive circle2.0217 吸引距离 attractive distance2.0218 有效半径 effective radius2.0219 绿地资源 green space resource2.0220 绿地效果 green space effect2.0221 绿地规划程序 planning procedure of the green space2.0222 空间规划 space planning2.0223 形象规划 image plan2.0224 实施规划 implementary plan2.0225 必要生活空间 necessary living space2.0226 余暇生活空间 leisure time living space2.0227 利用频度 usage frequency2.0228 树种规划 planning of trees and shrubs2.0229 绿地类型 type of green space2.0230 环状绿型 annular green space2.0231 块状绿地 green plot2.0232 点状绿地 green spot2.0233 放射状绿地 radiate green space2.0234 楔状绿地 wedge-shaped green space2.0235 缓冲绿地 buffer green space2.0236 防音绿地 noiseproof green space2.0237 科学景观论 scientific landscape theory2.0238 园林保留地 reserve garden2.0239 公园规划 park planning2.0240 园林总体规划 garden master planning2.0241 总平面规划 site planning2.0242 园林分区 garden zoning2.0243 安静休息区 tranquil rest area2.0244 儿童活动区 children playing space2.0245 儿童游戏场 children playground, playlot2.0246 体育运动区 sports activities area2.0247 野餐区 picnic place2.0248 散步区 pedestrian space2.0249 群众集会区mass meeting square2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 2.0252 草坪区 lawn space2.0253 绿荫区 shade tree section2.0254 历史古迹区 historical relics area2.0255 青少年活动区 youngsters activities area 2.0256 诱鸟区 bird sanctuary area2.0257 钓鱼区 fishing center2.0258 野营区 camp site2.0259 游人中心 visitors center2.0260 服务中心 service center2.0261 探险游乐场 adventure ground2.0262 文化活动区 cultural activities area2.0263 道路系统 approach system, road system2.0264 环形道路系统 circular road system2.0265 方格形道路系统 latticed road system2.0266 放射形道路系统 radiate road system2.0267 自然式道路系统 informal road system2.0268 规整式道路系统 formal road system2.0269 混合式道路系统 mixed style road system2.0270 园林规划图 garden planning map2.0271 园林规划说明书 garden planning direction 2.0272 城市公园系统 urban park system2.0273 公园分布 distribution of parks2.0274 公园类型 park type, park category2.0275 公园间距 distance between parks2.0276 公园形式 park styles2.0277 游览区 excursion area, open-to-public area 2.0278 非游览区 no-admittance area2.0279 办公区 administrative area2.0280 服务区 service center2.0281 动休息区 dynamic rest space2.0282 静休息区 static rest space2.0283 娱乐演出区 entertaining performance place 2.0284 主要入口 main entrance2.0285 次要入口 secondary entrance2.0286 人流量 visitors flowrate2.0287 车流量 vehicle flowrate2.0288 公园道路 park road2.0289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio2.0290 游人容纳量 visitors capacity2.0291 风景资源调查landscape resource uation2.0292 风景学 scenicology2.0293 风景规划 landscape plan2.0294 风景设计 landscape design2.0295 游览路线 touring route2.0296 旅游资源 tourism resource2.0297 旅游地理 tourism geography2.0298 旅游地质 tourism geology2.0299 历史名城 famous historical city2.0300 文化名城 famous cultural city2.0301 文化遗址 ancient cultural relic2.0302 天然博物馆 natural open museum2.0303 风景地貌 natural geomorphology2.0304 造型地貌 imaginative geomorphologic figuration2.0305 风景区 scenic spot, scenic area2.0306 风景名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs2.0309 高山风景区 alpine scenic spot2.0310 海滨风景区 seabeach scenic spot2.0311 森林风景区 forest scenic spot2.0312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot2.0313 峡谷风景区 valley scenic spot2.0314 江河风景区 river landscape district2.0315 湖泊风景区 lake round scenic spot2.0316 温泉风景区 hot spring scenic spot2.0317 瀑布风景区 waterfall scenic spot2.0318 禁伐禁猎区 region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 2.0319 封山育林区 region closed for afforestation2.0320 天池风景区 crater lake scenic spot2.0321 自然保护区 nature protection area2.0322 科学保护区 protection area for scientific research2.0323 天然纪念物 natural monument2.0324 生物圈保护区 biosphere protection area。
Chinese garden1.Garden is an artifact, made by someone. At the same time its elements are independent of man (they have a life of their own, which may take a different course beyond the designers’ intention, if not attended). The garden is created and recei ved within a framework of conventions, but it can exist, although in deteriorated way, even if there is no gardener to keep it. Many Chinese gardens were in a state of deterioration when Siren visited them. The garden is designed to be perceived aesthetically, for the “production of aesthetic pleasure.” This pleasure is the joint result of all the values of the object, of the connoisseur’s contemplation and communion with the mysterious forces present in the garden and its design.1、园林是由人创造的。
同时它的组成元素又是独立于人的意志之外(他们有自己的生命,如果不是刻意照管,他们会超出设计者的意图,按另外的方式发展)。
中外各式园林中英文对照中国古典园林classical Chinese garden中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑imperial palace garden皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林western classical garden英国式园林English style garden中英混合式园林AngloChinese style garden意大利式园林Italian style garden西班牙式园林Spainish style garden法兰西式园林French style garden勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden庄园manor,villa garden廊柱园peristyle garden,patio绿廊xystus迷阵maze,labyrinth灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑ShangLin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫WeiYang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden悬园Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
1. Welcome to the hypnotic garden.欢迎来到催眠的花园。
2. The latest scientific investigations of the mind have been able to prove the ancient wisdom.有最近对人类心灵的科学调查已经可以证明古代的智慧。
3 The fact of the intimate connection between the mind and body.那就是我们心灵和身体之间有着密不可分的关系。
4The body produces what the mind dictates.身体会听从心灵的命令去生产和制造。
5 Whatever is held in the mind, the physical body will produce.不管心灵想的是什么,身体都会随着产生变化。
6 The diseases of the body can and mostly are caused by ill feelings, or bitterness towards another person.大多数身体上的疾病情都和负面的情绪有关,例如老想着自己生病了,对人有所怨恨。
7 All of the emotions: intense passion, hatred and longstanding jealousy, affect the body negatively.被强烈的感情所淹没,憎恨或长期的嫉妒,都对我们的身体有着负面的影响。
8 And corroding anxiety and bad temper actual induce physical diseases.而焦虑和坏脾气更是会侵蚀我们的健康。
9 The heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, stomach, and body cells are destroyed.破坏身体的细胞,产生和心脏,肝脏,肾脏,脾脏及胃相关的疾病。
新概念英语第二册课文1-96课中英对照版Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat? The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it? A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily? ‘It’s none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!'.上星期我去看戏。
我的座位很好,戏很有意思,但我却无法欣赏。
一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后,大声地说着话。
我非常生气,因为我听不见演员在说什么。
我回过头去怒视着那一男一女,他们却毫不理会。
最后,我忍不住了,又一次回过头去,生气地说:“我一个字也听不见了!”“不关你的事,”那男的毫不客气地说,“这是私人间的谈话!”Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐?It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside.'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.' I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.'What are you doing?' she asked. ‘I’m having breakfast,' I repeated.'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!''那是个星期天,而在星期天我是从来不早起的,有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。
园林专业英语园林学landscape architecture,garden architecture 园林garden and park绿化greening,planting城市绿化urban greening,urban planting城市绿地urban green space公园绿地public park公园park儿童公园children park动物园zoo植物园botanical garden墓园cemetery garden盆景园penjng garden,miniature landscape盲人公园park for the blind花园garden历史名园historical garden and park风景名胜公园famous scenic park纪念公园memorial park街旁绿地roadside green space带状公园linear park专类公园theme park岩石园rock garden社区公园community park生产绿地productive plantation area防护绿地green buffer,green area for environmental protection附属绿地attached green space居住绿地green space attached to housing estate,residential green space 道路绿地green space attached to urban road and square屋顶花园roof garden立体绿化vertical planting风景林地scenic forest land城市绿地系统urban green space system城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning绿化覆盖面积green coverage绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage绿地率greening rate,ratio of green space绿带green belt楔形绿地green wedge城市绿线boundary line of urban green space园林史landscape history,garden history古典园林classical garden囿hunting park苑imperial park皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden寺庙园林monastery garden园林艺术garden art相地site investigation造景landscaping借景borrowed scencry,view borrowing园林意境poetic imagcry of garden透景线perspective line盆景miniature landscape,penjing插花flower arrangement季相seasonal appearance of plant园林规划garden planning,landscaping planning 园林布局garden layout园林设计garden design公园最大游人量maximum visitors capacity in park 地形设计topographical design园路设计garden path design种植设计planting design孤植specimen planting,isolated planting对植Opposite planting,coupled planting列植linear planting群植group planting,mass planting园林植物landscape plant观赏植物ornamental plant古树名木historical tree and famous wood species 地被植物ground cover plant攀缘植物climbing plant,climber温室植物greenhouse plant花卉flowering plant行道树avenue tree,street tree草坪lawn绿篱hedge花篱flower hedge花境flower border人工植物群落man-made planting habitat园林建筑garden building园林小品small garden ornaments园廊veranda,gallery,colonnade水榭waterside pavilion舫boat house园亭garden pavilion,pavilion园台platform月洞门moon gate花架pergola,trellis园林楹联couplet written on scroll,couplet on pillar园林匾额bian'e in garden园林工程garden engineering绿化工程plant engineering大树移植big tree transplanting假植heeling in,temporary planting基础种植foundation planting种植成活率ratio of living tree适地适树planting according to the environment造型修剪topiary园艺horticulture假山rockwork,artificial hill置石stone arrangement,stone layout掇山piled stone hill,hill making塑山man-made rock work园林理水water system layout in garden驳岸revetment in garden喷泉fountain风景名胜区landscape and famous scenery国家重点风景名胜区national park of China风景名胜区规划landscape and famous scenery planning 风景名胜famous scenery,famous scenic site风景资源scenery resource景物view,feature景点feature spot,view spot景区scenic zone景观landscape,scenery游览线touring route环境容量environmental capacity国家公园national park景观设计园林规划设计专业英语主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) main entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle& pedestrian )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2nd entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle& pedestrian )3.商业中心入口entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景water feature5.小型露天剧场mini amphi-theatre6.迎宾景观-1 welcoming feature-17.观景木台timber deck (viewing)8.竹园bamboo garden9.漫步广场walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊out door cafe11.巨大迎宾水景-2 grand welcoming feature-212.木桥timber bridge13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台rock'scape waterfall's grotto/ viewing terrace14.吊桥hanging bridge15.休憩台地(低处) lounging terrace (lower )16.休憩台地(高处) lounging terrace (upper )17.特色踏步feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪river wild19.儿童乐园children's playground20.旱冰道slide21.羽毛球场badminton court22.旱景dry landscape23.日艺园japanese garden24.旱喷泉dry fountain25.观景台viewing deck26.游泳池swimming pool27.极可意jacuzzi28.嬉水池wading pool29.儿童泳池children's pool30.蜿蜒水墙winding wall31.石景雕塑rock sculpture32.中心广场central plaza34.桥bridge35.交流广场meditating plaza36.趣味树阵tree battle formation37.停车场paring area38.特色花架trellis39.雕塑小道sculpture trail40.(高尔夫)轻击区putting green41.高尔夫球会所golf clubhouse42.每栋建筑入口entrance paving to unit43.篮球场basketball court44.网球场tennis court45.阶梯***/种植槽terracing seatwall/planter46.广场main plaza47.森林、瀑布forest garden waterfall48.石景园rockery garden49.旱溪dry stream50.凉亭pavilion51.户外淋浴outdoor shower52.拉膜结构tensile structure53.台阶stair54.高尔夫球车停车场parking ( golf car )56.晨跑小路jogging footpath57.车道/人行道driveway /sidewalk58.人行漫步道promenade59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) water fall and dancing fountain ( entry plaza )60.特色入口entry feature 61.石景广场rockery plaza一总论(园林专业英语)001 园林学landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture002 造园学garden making, landscape garden-ing003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture005 园林艺术garden art006 园林美学garden aesthetics007 园林建筑学garden architecture008 园林建筑garden building009 园林工程garden engineering010 园林植物landscape plant011 观赏植物ornamental plant012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing013 园林garden and park014 园林学史history of garden architecture015 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning 016 园林设计garden design017 园林机具设备gardening machine018 园林管理garden management019 园林生态landscape ecology020 绿化greening, planting021 环境绿化environmental greening022 绿地面积green area023 绿地率ratio of green space024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage025 工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing 026 街道绿化street greening, street planting027 车行道绿化driveway greening028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening030 群众绿化mass planting movement031 郊区绿化suburban greening032 公路绿化highway greening033 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting034 堤岸种植bank planting035 阳台绿化balcony greening036 窗台绿化window-sill greening037 屋顶绿化roof greening038 垂直绿化vertical greening039 攀缘绿化climber greening040 桥头绿化bridgehead greening041 花园garden042 专类花园specified flower garden043 花园村garden village044 园林城市landscape garden city045 蔷薇园rose garden046 松柏园conifer garden047 球根园bulb garden048 宿根园perennial garden049 假山园rock garden, chinese rockery050 狩猎场hunting ground051 街心花园street crossing center garden052 小游园petty street garden053 水景园water garden054 铺地园paved garden055 野趣园wild plants botanical garden056 野生植物园wild plants garden057 乡趣园rustic garden058 盆景园penjing garden, miniature land-scape059 动物园zoo, zoological garden060 墓园cemetery garden061 沼泽园bog and marsh garden062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden063 学校园school garden064 室内花园indoor garden065 芳香花园fragrant garden066 盲人花园garden for the blind067 公园park, public park068 城市公园city park, urban park069 区公园regional park070 儿童公园children park071 体育公园sports park072 森林公园forest park073 纪念公园memorial park074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park075 综合公园comprehensive park076 文化公园cultural park077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park 078 中央公园central park079 天然公园natural park080 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park081 古迹公园historic site park082 河滨公园riverside park083 湖滨公园lakeside park084 路边公园roadside park, street park085 娱乐公园amusement park086 雕塑公园sculpture park087 休憩公园recreation park088 疗养公园sanatorium park089 国家公园national park090 邻里公园neighborhood park091 特种公园special park092 植物园botanical garden093 植物公园abeled plants park094 高山植物园alpine garden095 热带植物园tropical plants garden096 药用植物园medical plants garden, herb garden 097 绿地green space098 公共绿地public green space099 单位绿地unit green area100 城市绿地urban green space101 街道广场绿地street and square green area 102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area103 防护绿地green area for environmental protection 104 郊区绿地suburban green space105 街坊绿地residential block green belt106 附属绿地attached green space107 生产绿地productive plantation area108 苗圃nursery109 风景landscape, scenery110 自然景观natural landscape111 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities 112 草原景观prairie landscape113 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape 114 地理景观geographical landscape115 湖泊景观lake view116 郊区景观suburban landscape117 地质景观geological landscape118 喀斯特景观karst landscape119 植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape2.1 中国园林史英文对照120 中国古典园林classical chinese garden121 中国传统园林traditional chinese garden122 中国古代园林ancient chinese garden123 中国山水园chinese mountain and water garden 124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden125 皇家园林royal garden126 私家园林private garden127 江南园林garden on the yangtze delta2.2 西方园林史英文对照128 西方古典园林western classical garden129 英国式园林english style garden130 中英混合式园林anglo-chinese style garden 131 意大利式园林italian style garden132 西班牙式园林spanish style garden133 法兰西式园林french style garden134 勒诺特尔式园林le notre’s style garden135 文艺复兴庄园renaissance style villa136 洛可可式园林rococo style garden137 巴洛克式园林baroque style garden138 庄园manor, villa garden139 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio140 绿廊xystus141 迷阵maze, labyrinth2.3 典型中西园林142 灵囿ling you hunting garden143 灵沼ling zhao water garden144 灵台ling tai platform garden145 阿房宫e-pang palace146 上林苑shang-lin yuan147 未央宫wei-yang palace148 洛阳宫luoyang palace149 华清官hua-qing palace150 艮岳gen yue imperial garden151 圆明园yuan-ming yuan imperial garden152 颐和园yi-he yuan imperial garden,summer palace 153 承德避暑山庄chengde imperial summer resort154 苏州园林suzhou traditional garden155 悬园hanging garden156 英国皇家植物园royal botanical garden, kew garden 157 凡尔赛宫苑versailles palace park158 枫丹白露宫园fontainebleau palace garden2.4 园林艺术类159 景view, scenery, feature160 远景distant view161 近景nearby view162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place 165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery 166 漏景leaking through scenery167 框景enframed scenery168 尾景terminal feature169 主景main feature170 副景secondary feature171 配景objective view172 夹景vista line, vista173 前景front view174 背景background175 景序order of sceneries176 景点feature spot, view spot177 仰视景观upward landscape178 俯视景观downward landscape179 季相景观seasonal phenomena180 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery 181 视野visual field182 秋色fall color, autumn color183 园林空间garden space184 开敞空间wide open space, wide space 185 封闭空间enclosure space186 意境artistic conception, poetic imagery 187 苍古antiquity188 空灵spaciousness, airiness189 动观in-motion viewing190 静观in-position viewing191 视错觉visual illusion192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden 193 对称平衡symmetrical balance194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance195 左右对称bilateral symmetry196 辐射对称radial symmetry197 透景线perspective line198 轴线axis, axial line199 主轴main axis200 副轴auxiliary axis201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis202 树冠线skyline203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors204 单色谐调monochromatic harmony205 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony206 对比色突出contrast colors accent207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony208 暖色warm color209 冷色cool color210 色感color sense211 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 212 绿地系统green space system213 公共绿地定额public green space quota214 公共绿地指标public green space norm215 绿地布局green space layout216 吸引圈attractive circle217 吸引距离attractive distance218 有效半径effective radius219 绿地资源green space resource220 绿地效果green space effect221 绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 222 空间规划space planning223 形象规划image plan224 实施规划implementary plan225 必要生活空间necessary living space226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space 227 利用频度usage frequency228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs 229 绿地类型type of green space230 环状绿型annular green space231 块状绿地green plot232 点状绿地green spot233 放射状绿地radiate green space234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space 235 缓冲绿地buffer green space236 防音绿地noiseproof green space237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory 238 园林保留地reserve garden239 公园规划park planning240 园林总体规划garden master planning 241 总平面规划site planning242 园林分区garden zoning243 安静休息区tranquil rest area244 儿童活动区children playing space245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot 246 体育运动区sports activities area247 野餐区picnic place248 散步区pedestrian space249 群众集会区mass meeting square250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 252 草坪区lawn space253 绿荫区shade tree section254 历史古迹区historical relics area255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area256 诱鸟区bird sanctuary area257 钓鱼区fishing center258 野营区camp site259 游人中心visitors center260 服务中心service center261 探险游乐场adventure ground262 文化活动区cultural activities area263 道路系统approach system, road system264 环形道路系统circular road system265 方格形道路系统latticed road system266 放射形道路系统radiate road system267 自然式道路系统informal road system268 规整式道路系统formal road system269 混合式道路系统mixed style road system270 园林规划图garden planning map271 园林规划说明书garden planning direction272 城市公园系统urban park system273 公园分布distribution of parks274 公园类型park type, park category275 公园间距distance between parks276 公园形式park styles277 游览区 excursion area, open-to-public area 278 非游览区no-admittance area279 办公区administrative area280 服务区service center281 动休息区dynamic rest space282 静休息区static rest space283 娱乐演出区entertaining performance place 284 主要入口main entrance285 次要入口secondary entrance286 人流量visitors flowrate287 车流量vehicle flowrate288 公园道路park road289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio290 游人容纳量visitors capacity291 风景资源调查 landscape resource evaluation292 风景学scenicology293 风景规划landscape plan294 风景设计landscape design295 游览路线touring route296 旅游资源tourism resource297 旅游地理tourism geography298 旅游地质tourism geology299 历史名城famous historical city300 文化名城famous cultural city301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic302 天然博物馆natural open museum303 风景地貌natural geomorphology304 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration 305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area306 风景名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site 307 特异景观风景区 specific natural scenes area 308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs 309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot310 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot311 森林风景区forest scenic spot312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot 313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot314 江河风景区river landscape district315 湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot316 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot317 瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot318 禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot321 自然保护区nature protection area322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research323 天然纪念物natural monument324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area2.5 园林设计专业英文对照325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer326 园址测量图garden site survey map327 地形图topographic map, contour map328 种植设计planting design329 地形改造设计topographical reform design330 种植大样图detail planting design331 造价分析cost analysis332 园林形式garden style333 规整式园林formal garden style334 非规整园林informal garden style335 几何式园林geometric garden style336 自然式园林natural garden style337 混合式园林mixed garden style338 近代巴洛克式园林modern baroque style 339 马克斯抽象园林r.b. marx abstract garden 340 园林区划garden area division341 园林分区规划garden block planning342 庭院花园courtyard garden343 前庭front yard, forecourt344 后庭back yard, rear yard345 中庭patio346 厨园kitchen yard347 沉[床]园sunken garden348 窗园window garden349 墙园wall garden350 宅园home garden351 台地园terrace garden352 冬园winter garden353 切花园cut flower garden354 屋顶花园roof garden355 后花园back yard garden356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork359 太湖石taihu lake stone, water modelled stone 360 黄石yellowish brown stone361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone 362 孤赏石monolith, standing stone363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making364 叠石stones laying365 板石flag stone366 散点石scattered stone367 抱角石corner stone368 屋基石foundation stone369 排衙石guard stone370 屏石screen stone371 石岸rock bank372 石阶stone steps373 汀步stepping stone on water surface374 附壁石stone appended to wall375 石花台stone flower bed376 石凳stone bench377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall378 干砌石dry stone wall379 假山石楼梯rock stairway380 石亭stone pavilion381 石洞stone cavern382 石窟grotto383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout 384 拱石arch stone385 拱顶石key stone386 园林水景water scenes of garden387 水体water body388 水面water surface389 水池pool390 水塘pond391 喷泉fountain392 喷水池fountain pool393 涉水池wading pool394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool395 睡莲池water-lily pool396 喷水管布置piping schema397 钓鱼塘fishing pond398 高水位池塘high water table pond399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool 400 隐头喷泉secret fountain401 岛园island garden402 半岛园peninsula garden403 小岛isle404 瀑布waterfall405 小瀑布cascade406 湖lake407 矶rock projecting over water408 水帘洞water curtain cave409 园桥garden bridge410 拱桥arch bridge411 石板桥stone slab bridge412 木板桥plank bridge413 圆木桥log bridge414 亭桥pavilion bridge415 曲桥zigzag bridge416 壁泉wall fountain417 饮水喷头drinking fountain418 植物配植plant arrangement419 树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs 420 群植group planting, mass planting421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 422 丛植clump planting423 组植group planting424 林植forest planting425 列植linear planting426 对植opposite planting, coupled planting 427 环植circular planting428 带植belt planting429 散植scattered planting, loose planting 430 边缘种植edge planting431 边界种植boundary planting432 整形种植architectural planting433 基础种植foundation planting434 角隅种植corner planting435 景框种植planting as enframent436 门卫种植guard planting437 篱恒种植fence planting438 障景种植screen planting439 背景种植background planting440 林下种植underwood planting441 路边种植roadside planting442 绿篱hedge443 树墙espalier444 庭荫树shade tree445 园景树specimen tree446 风景林amenity forest, ornamental forest 447 行道树avenue tree, street tree448 纪念林memorial forest449 整型树topiary tree450 花篱flower hedge’451 刺篱thorny plants hedge452 常绿绿篱evergreen hedge453 落叶绿篱deciduous hedge454 高篱high hedge455 沟中边篱hah-hah fence456 图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge457 迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge458 整剪绿篱clipped hedge459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge460 边篱boundary fence461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge462 纯林pure forest463 混交林mixed forest464 林间隙地open space in woodland465 杂木林spinney466 树冠覆盖面tree canopy467 草坪lawn468 整形草坪formal lawn469 开花草坪flowering lawn470 牧场草坪meadowy land471 花坛flower bed472 路边花坛roadside flower bed473 带状花坛ribbon flower bed474 时钟花坛flower clock475 盆栽花坛potted flower bed, basined flower bed 476 高设花台raised flower bed477 毛毡花坛carpet bed478 镶嵌花坛mosaic bed479 铺石花坛paved bed480 灌木花坛shrub bed481 图案花坛群parterre482 草药花坛herbaceous flower bed483 花结花坛knot bed484 整形花坛formal flower bed485 花境flower border486 花桶flower tub487 植树箱planting box488 活动花坛movable flower bed489 瓶饰garden vase490 灌木花境shrub border491 混合花境mixed border492 园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 493 漫步路trail, footway494 小径alley, path495 川草坪岛lawn island496 安全岛traffic island, refuge island497 转弯曲度turning curvature498 转弯半径turning radius499 踏面landing pitch500 步石stepping stone501 涉水踏步wading step502 错铺路crazy paving path503 随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random 504 花纹路pattern path505 林荫路mall506 林荫大道boulevard507 花园路parkway508 林间小道path in woodland509 种植池planting bed510 树池保护格栅tree grate511 树干保护套栏tree guard512 树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting 513 路面线纹score line514 传统园林建筑traditional garden building 515 凉亭summer shelter516 活树亭arbor, tent arbor517 蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion518 茅亭thatched pavilion519 竹亭bamboo pavilion520 茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk521 回廊cloister522 水廊corridor on water523 曲廊zigzag veranda524 扒山廊sloping gallery525 楼廊two-storied gallery526 画舫painted pleasure boat527 石舫stone boat528 不击舟immovable pleasure boat529 诗条石poem-engraved stone slab530 月洞门moon gate531 扶手栏杆handrail532 坐凳栏杆seat rail533 石碑stone tablet, stele534 园林露天剧场open garden theater535 园林露天舞池open garden dancing place 536 露天音乐台outdoor music stand537 眺望台prospect deck538 繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse539 展览温室public conservatory540 月池new-moon pool541 园林小品small garden ornaments542 磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet543 园椅garden chair, garden seat544 园凳garden bench545 园桌garden table546 园灯garden lamp547 日规sundial548 鸟浴bird bath549 鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box550 鸟笼bird cage, bird coop551 悬篮hanging basket552 野鸟喂食器bird feeder553 额匾horizontal inscribed board554 楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar555 引露天烤炉open barbecue556 树棚living-tree pergola557 花架pergola558 花格架trellis, treillage559 点景牌楼 naming pailou, decorated archway560 园林施工garden layout, garden construction561 种植工程planting engineering562 大树移植big tree transplanting563 裸根移植bare root transplanting564 土球移植ball transplanting565 沟植trench planting566 假植heeling in, temporary planting567 播种草坪seeding lawn568 铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn569 假山工程rockery engineering570 掇山五法five methods" of rock piling571 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced572 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 573 上轻下重法method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks574 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins575 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials576 观赏树木ornamental tree and shrub578 观果植物fruit-effect plant579 观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches 580 指示植物indicating plant581 主景植物accent plant582 耐湿植物damp tolerant plant583 抗风植物wind-resistant plant584 耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plant585 市花city flower586 市树city tree587 国花national flower588 国树national tree589 芳香植物fragrant plant590 抗污染植物pollution resistant plant591 环保植物environment protecting plant592 高山植物alpine plant593 岩生植物rock plant594 攀缘植物climbing plant, climber595 地被植物ground cover plant596 阴生植物shade plant597 装饰植物decorative plant598 装缘植物edging plant600 草坪植物lawn plant, lawn grass601 花坛植物bedding plant602 球根植物bulbous plant603 宿根植物perennial plant, perennial604 水生植物aquatic plant, hydrophyte605 旱生植物xerophyte606 沼泽植物bog plant, swamp plant607 室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant 608 切花cut flower609 垂枝植物pendulous plant, weeping plant610 缠绕植物twiner, twinning plant611 针叶植物needle-leaved plant612 阔叶植物broad-leaved plant613 斑叶植物variegate-leaved plant614 松柏植物conifer615 常绿植物evergreen plant616 半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant617 不耐寒植物tender plant618 半耐寒植物half-hardy plant619 耐寒植物hardy plant620 耐旱植物drought enduring plant621 山石材料stone material622 昆山石kunshan stone623 钟乳石stalactite624 灵壁石lingbi stone625 英德石yingde stone626 青石qing stone627 宣石xuan stone628 房山石fangshan stone629 观赏动物ornamental animal630 观赏鸟类ornamental bird631 观赏兽类ornamental beast632 观赏昆虫类ornamental insect中国古典园林----classical Chinesegarden中国传统园林----traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林----ancient Chinese garden中国山水园----Chinese mountain and water garden 帝王宫苑---- imperial palace garden皇家园林----royal garden私家园林----private garden江南园林----garden on the Yangtze delta西方古典园林----western classical garden英国式园林---- English style garden中英混合式园林----angle Chinese style garden 意大利式园林----Italian style garden西班牙式园林----Spanish style garden法兰西式园林----French style garden勒诺特尔式园林----le notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园----renaissance style garden洛可可式园林----rococo style garden巴洛克式园林----baroque style garden庄园----manor,villa garden廊柱园----peristyle garden,patio绿廊----xystus迷阵----maze,labyrinth灵囿----ling you hunting garden周代术语灵沼----ling zhao water garden周代术语灵台----ling tai platform garden周代术语阿房宫----e-pang palace秦代术语上林苑----shang-lin yuan汉代术语未央宫----wei-yang palace汉代术语洛阳宫----luoyang palace魏代术语华清宫----hua-qing palace唐代术语艮岳----gen yue imperial garden宋代术语圆明园----yuan-ming yuan imperial garden颐和园----yi-he yuan imperial garden承德避暑山庄----chengde imperial summer resort苏州园林----suzhou traditional garden悬园---- hanging garden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
ON GARDEN 论园林The best gardens are much more than an assortment of beautiful plants.最好的园林远不止是将各种美丽的花草树木种在一起。
Successful gardens generally represent a careful Integration of diverse elements, ranging from the purely ornamental to the strictly functional.成功的园林都代表了各种要素经过精心组会成的一个整体,这些要素从纯粹的装饰到具有严格的功能不等。
Paths, pools, planters, trellises, arbors, fountains, and fences can contribute enormously to the creation of an exciting and harmonious garden.小径、池塘、花盆、格架、棚架、喷泉和栅栏在创造一个让人心醉的、和谐的花园中起着极为重要的作用。
The same attention one bring to decorating a home and making it “livable” can be used to make a garden a pleasant place to find Privacy, to meditate, and to escape the pressures of a fast-moving, machine-oriented world.如果用人们装饰居家使之“迫于居住”的经历来建造园林,就能使之成为一个令人愉快的地方,在那里你可以找到属于自己的东西,可以进行沉思,可以逃避快节奏的工业社会的压力。
It’s a fact that man-made garden accents establish the “style” of a garden more definitively than plants alone.实际上,人工园林的独特风格比纯粹的花草树木,更能决定园林的样式。
Period gardens Victorian, French, Elizabethan, American Colonial—all demand the proper placement of structural and design elements to make them recognizable.具有时代特征的园林——维多利亚式、法国式、伊丽莎白式、美国殖民时期园林——都要恰当地处理好建筑和设计上的各个方面,使这些特色能够一目了然。
Indeed, the simple addition of a particular style of gazebo, bench, or arbor can instantly “identify” a garden.的确,只要简单的在某种式样的凉亭,凳子或棚架上加点什么立刻就“识别出”园林的特色。
Similarly, with ethnic gardens—such as an English cottage garden, Chinese meditation garden , or an Italian water garden the selection of appropriate fences, bridges, and ornaments brings style and a sense of permanence to the environment.同样,那些具有“人文特征”的园林,如英国的乡村花园、中国的沉思花园(指古典园林)或意大利的水上公园,选择了恰当的栅栏、桥和装饰物就形成了风格,使人产生与环境承担一致的感觉。
The world over, there are structures that “make” a garden’s reputation.在世界上,园林建筑能树立园林的名声。
At Magnolia Gardens, near Charleston, South Carolina, for example, a sleek trellised footbridge called The Long Bridge Is a “trademark” of the garden.在南卡罗来纳州的查尔斯顿附近的木兰花园里,一条造型别致的,有格子棚架的步桥称作长桥,是这座公园的“标志”。
Its distinctive design, traversing the corner of a cypress lake, is immediately identifiable.它设计独特,穿过一座柏树环绕的湖泊的一角,很快就映入人们的眼帘。
Somewhat French in style, painted white to contrast with the dark water and the tall cypress trees draped with the Spanish moss.这座桥带点法国风格,白色桥身与深色的水喝沾满西班牙苔藓的高大柏树对比鲜明,有助于创造出一种浪漫的气氛。
The bridge helps create a romantic atmosphere, which probably makes it the subject of more photographs and paintings than any other garden structure in the world.这也许就是它比世界上其他园林建筑更容易成为图片和绘画对象的原因。
Though some structures look good unadorned, as part of a garden composition, others are enhanced by some kind of plant decoration.尽管一些园林建筑作为园林的组成部分不用装饰看起来也很不错,但是一些建筑却需要用一些花草树木进行点缀。
The British are especially fond of training climbing roses, wisteria, honeysuckle, and Ivy up walls, fences gazebos, and summer house, sometimes so successfully that the structure becomes completely covered in vines, flowers, or foliage.英国人尤其喜欢培植攀援玫瑰、紫藤、忍冬、爬在墙上的常春藤,篱笆和凉亭,这种做法有时十分成功,整个建筑完全掩映在藤蔓纵横,红花绿叶之中。
Then there are accents that rely on plants alone for dramatic impact.当然,也有单靠花草树木产生戏剧性效果从而形成独特风格的园林。
At the Ladew Topiary Gardens, near Baltimore, Maryland, a fox--hunting scene of clipped Japanese yew provides such a whimsical highlight that it has made the garden famous.在马里兰州的巴尔附近有座修剪成型的树木公园,这里的日本紫衫修剪成一幅围猎狐狸的风景,形成了古怪离奇的精彩场面,是这个公园因此而闻名遐迩。
The realistic, life-size composition of a topiary fox being chased by five topiary hounds and a topiary horse and rider across a section of lawn at the entrance to the garden sets the scene for even more surprising and amusing topiary work In other sections of garden.在公园入口处,由灌木修剪成的五只猎狗、一名猎人骑着一匹马穿过草坪,追逐一只灌木修剪而成的狐狸,这种现实主义的像实物大小一样的图案构成一景,将人们引向公园的其他部分,那里的修剪造型更令人称奇叫绝,妙趣横生。
The roles of plants-man and architect in the creation of a beautiful garden are important, but their efforts may fall short without a third important influence –the contribution of artist.一座美丽的园林,园艺师和建筑师的作用非常重要,但他们的努力如没有第三方的重要作用——艺术家的帮助也是达不到目的的。
The best gardens today seem to combine the talents of plants-man, architect, and artist.如今最好的园林似乎都是凝聚了园艺师、建筑师和艺术家的智慧。
Sometimes these three skills are embodied in a single person but more frequently they are achieved by a pooling of talents.有时这三种技能体现在一个人的身上,但更常见的是集中了许多人的智慧。
For example, the beautiful American estate garden of Filoli, near San Francisco, is a result of the collaboration of Isabella Worn, a plants person, and Bruce Porter, a landscape painter.例如,位于美国旧金山附近的美丽的菲洛利美国国家公园就是园艺师伊莎贝拉·沃恩和风景画家布鲁斯·波特合作的结晶。
Porter did the overall arrangement of spaces and accents; Worn developed the planting schemes and selected the plants.波特进行场地和特色的总体规划,沃恩完成花木的挑选和栽培规划。