英汉互译实践和技巧补充4实用文体翻译共87页

实践中现存的问题并找出解决的办法,走出目前英汉互译教学的困境促使学生了解文化差异,多阅读、勤背诵、常思考、重交流,熟练掌握英汉互译的技能。

关键词:英汉互译教学;语感;文化
翻译是跨语言、跨文化、跨社会的社交活动。

汉互译教学的任务是培养和提高学生的实际翻译能乐趣。

简单的精读课教学,其结果是学生只能从中
学习几个单词或者短语,难以全面掌握翻译的技能,
二、英汉互译教学效果的改进措施
.要求学生多阅读、勤背诵
1.翻译教学的目的不明确语言重在培养学习感觉和灵性。

阅读可以提高
将所看过的各种素材
2.学生的认识不到位我所用、信手拈来。

背诵是一个日积月累的过程,以后的实践中能够自如地运用2.培养学生常思考、多交流
语言学科尤其是英汉互译课程,囊括了历史、地度上领会文化的差异给英汉互译带来的影响。

理、经济、文化、科技等方方面面的知识。

在英汉互译教学中不断要求学生对身边的一切事物任何课程都受到外部和内部两大因素的影响。

通过英汉两种语言进行互换思考,保持“事事关心外部因素包括科学技术的发展、社会经济的变化、人
它的表达,时时我来表达”的积极语言学习态度。

口的流动、文化的变迁等,内部因素则包括教育系统
经常性的思考训练,有助于培养学生的灵感思维。

灵感思维是翻译活动中译者通过对原语的透彻理解影响。

学生互相学习,经常交流,吸取他人的正确思维和语多思考多讨论,要在辅导环节对学生的译文进行评
言表达方式。

析,充分调动学生的语言学习积极性。

3.指导学生了解文化差异。

Unit11.Every life has its roses and thorns.人生总是有苦有乐, 甘苦参半。

(人生的道路既铺满鲜花, 又充满荆棘.)2.I’ll have Lisa where I want her.我要丽莎去哪里她就得去哪里3.He carried his age astonishingly well.他一点儿都不显老，面容年轻得令人惊讶。

4.She’d never again believe anything in trousers.她再也不愿相信任何男人了.5.He was a dead shot.However,he met his Waterloo this time.他是一个神枪手，可这一次却遭到惨败。

/ 他遭遇了滑铁卢。

6.Nixon was pleased by the distinction,but not overwhelmed.尼克松对受到的破格礼遇非常高兴，但并没有受宠若惊。

7.Yet China was a land of constant surprise and shifting impression.而中国是一片令人惊讶、日新月异的土地。

8.After the failure of his last novel,his reputation stands on slippery ground. 、他上一篇小说写砸了, 他的名声从此岌岌可危.9.Mrs.Sawyer looked radiant,too,and for the first time gobbled up her dinner likea little pig.索耶太太也容光焕发，第一次大口大口吃饭，活像一只小猪。

10.He walked at the head of the funeral procession,and every now and then wipedhis crocodile tears with a big handkerchief.他走在送葬队伍的前头，还不时有哪个一条大手绢抹去他那鳄鱼的眼泪。

英汉互译实践与技巧课后答案UNIT1Make a comparison between the English word “send”and the corresponding Chinese character “送”, trying to have a thorough command of them.Send = 送1.Your luggage will be sent up very soon.你的行李很快就送过来了2.They have sent a wreath.他们送了一个花圈3.He was given a big send-off at the station.他在平台受到隆重的欢送4.They are now sending their children to college, too.他们也在送孩子上学Send = 送?1.Who send the letter?谁捎来的信2.Have you sent off the order?订单发出去了吗3.Please send him in.请叫他进来4.He sends words that he wouldn't be coming.他带信来说，他不来了5.Could you send sb. to help us?你能派人来帮助我们吗6.Please send the goods by air.请用航空发货7.The shot sent the birds flying away.枪声惊飞了一群鸟8.Send for the doctor, please.请叫医生来送= send?1.送某人一本书give sb a book2.送礼present a gift to sb3.送信deliver a letler4.送客see a visitor out5.送行see sb off6.送雨伞bring sb a unbrellar7.送命lose one's life8.送孩子上学take a child to school9.送某人回家escort somebody home10.将卫星送上天launch a satellite11.送葬take part in funeral procession12.送罪犯上法庭审判hand the criminal over to the court for trialUNIT21.Needing some light to see by, the burglar crossed the room with a light step to light thelight withthe light green shade 盗贼为了穿过房间，必须借助光源的照射，于是他蹑手蹑足的点燃了一盏灯，然后借着微弱的绿光走出了屋子。

目录目录 (i)第一部分英译汉 A Red Sweater翻译实践报告 (1)第二部分英译汉参考文献 (5)第三部分汉译英《华威先生》翻译实践报告 (6)第四部分汉译英参考文献 (9)附录 (10)1、英译汉原文A Red Sweater (10)2、英译汉译文《红毛衣》 (17)3、汉译英原文《华威先生》 (24)4、汉译英译文Mr Hua Wei (29)A Red Sweater翻译实践报告A Report on Translation of A Red Sweater摘要: 在华裔美国文学中，小说家伍慧明的这部《红毛衣》深受众多读者的喜爱，作者通过描写一个家庭中两代人不同的经历，展示了在美国社会中，华人是如何努力争取实现自己的梦想。

作者以独特的角度观察和描写两代人的相同与不同之处，展现美籍华人的心路历程。

该报告基于笔者A Red Sweater的翻译实践，旨在通过提出自己在翻译中遇到的困难及该注意的方面，对其翻译中的问题的处理进行了描述，最后得出一些译文的反思与总结，对原文有了更好的理解的同时进一步地提升自己的译文。

关键词：年轻的一代；年老的一代；美籍华人；美国文化Abstract:In Chinese American literature, A Red Sweater written by the novelist Wu Huimin is popular with readers. The translator shows how Chinese strive to realize their dreams in American society by describing the different experiences of two generations in a family. The translator observes and describes the similarities and differences between the two generations from a unique perspective, and shows the psychological course of Chinese Americans. Based on this translation practice, the report aims to describe the solutions in her translation by proposing the difficulties and she encountered and the aspects she should pay attention to. At last, the translator draws some reflections and summaries of her translation, so as to has a better understanding of the original text and further improve his own translation.Key words: The younger generation, the older generation, Chinese Americans, American culture,1.任务的描述本次翻译的实践内容是一篇英译中的短片小说A Red Sweater《红毛衣》，1一共3860个字符。

英汉互译实践与技巧实践与技巧是学习和掌握任何一门知识或技能的重要方法。

在英汉互译中，实践与技巧同样起着关键作用。

本文将探讨英汉互译的实践与技巧，帮助读者更好地理解和应用这一领域。

实践是学习英汉互译的重要手段之一。

通过实践，我们能够将理论知识应用到实际中，提高自己的翻译能力。

在实践过程中，我们可以选择不同类型的英文文本，如新闻报道、科技文章、文学作品等，进行翻译练习。

通过不断地实践，我们可以逐渐积累经验，提高自己的译文质量。

掌握一些翻译技巧对于英汉互译也至关重要。

下面列举几个实用的翻译技巧供参考。

1. 理解上下文：在翻译过程中，我们应该注重理解原文的上下文，尤其是句子的逻辑关系和语境。

只有全面理解了原文，才能准确地将其翻译成中文。

2. 注意词汇选择：词汇是翻译过程中最基本的单位。

在选择词汇时，我们应该考虑到词义的准确性和语言的地道性。

有时候，直译并不能表达原文的含义，因此我们需要灵活运用各种翻译技巧，如意译、借译等。

3. 保持语言风格一致：在翻译过程中，我们应该尽量保持译文的语言风格与原文一致。

如果原文是正式的，那么译文也应该是正式的；如果原文是口语化的，那么译文也可以选择相应的口语化表达方式。

4. 注意文化差异：英汉两种语言和文化有很大的差异，因此在翻译过程中，我们应该注意避免文化误解。

有时候，我们需要对原文进行文化适应，以便更好地传达原文的意思。

除了实践和技巧，还有一些其他的建议可以帮助我们提高英汉互译的水平。

多读多练。

通过阅读各种英文文本，我们可以提高自己的词汇量和语言表达能力。

同时，多做翻译练习也能够加深对语言的理解和运用。

多与他人交流。

在翻译过程中，我们可以向他人请教，分享自己的翻译经验。

通过与他人的交流，我们可以学习到更多的实践经验和技巧。

不断学习和提升自己。

英汉互译是一个复杂而庞大的领域，我们应该保持学习的态度，不断更新自己的知识和技能。

可以参加相关的培训班或翻译讲座，也可以参考相关的书籍和资料。

英汉互译实践与技巧概述英汉互译是跨语言交流中的重要环节，掌握一定的实践经验和技巧可以提高翻译的准确性和流畅度。

本文将介绍一些实践与技巧，帮助读者更好地进行英汉互译。

实践经验1. 坚持阅读原文在进行英汉互译时，首先要对原文进行充分的阅读理解。

理解原文的语义和语境，把握其中的细节和逻辑结构，这对于准确翻译意义至关重要。

除了理解原文的表面意思，还要深入挖掘其深层含义，尤其是对于一些具有隐喻和象征意义的词句。

2. 注重规范与准确在互译过程中，要注重使用规范的语言表达和准确的翻译。

遵循语法规则，使译文符合语言的语法结构。

同时，注意细节上的准确性，如人名、地名等的正确翻译，确保信息传递的准确性。

3. 翻译目标语言文化适应性在进行英汉互译时，要考虑目标语言的文化适应性，避免在翻译过程中产生文化冲突或误解。

熟悉目标语言的文化背景和习惯用语，使用合适的词汇和表达方式，使翻译更具自然度和流畅性。

4. 避免直译和字面翻译在进行英汉互译时，要避免直译和字面翻译。

直译往往会导致语义不通顺，语言表达不自然。

合理运用翻译技巧，根据语境和意义进行适当调整和转化，使译文更贴近目标语言的表达方式。

5. 注意上下文的连贯性在进行英汉互译时，要注意上下文的连贯性，尽量使译文与原文在语义和逻辑上保持一致。

通过合理使用代词、衔接词等手段，保持译文的连贯性，使读者能够更好地理解译文的意义。

技巧分享1. 使用同义词和相似词在进行英汉互译时，可以使用同义词和相似词来增加译文的多样性和表达力。

通过使用不同的词语，可以更准确地传达原文的意思，使译文更有吸引力。

2. 灵活运用词组和惯用语在进行英汉互译时，灵活运用词组和惯用语可以使译文更加地道和自然。

熟悉目标语言的习惯用语和习惯表达方式，合理运用，可以提高翻译的流畅性和准确性。

3. 注意语言风格的调整在进行英汉互译时，要根据原文的语言风格和目标语言的风格特点进行相应的调整。

例如，英语通常偏向于简练和直接，而汉语则更注重修辞和含蓄。

汉英翻译技巧与实践题型:按要求翻译句子（15*2）翻译下列句子（15*2）翻译段落（4*10）主语的选择原文的形容词性成分作主语我的头疼得要命.My head aches badly.My head is killing me.I have a splitting headache.I have a terrible headache.I have a migraine.懒惰的人不会成功.A lazy person will never succeed.Laziness makes it impossible for one to succeed.Laziness makes success impossible.这位母亲很为有个聪明漂亮的女儿而骄傲.The mother is very proud to have an intelligent and pretty daughter.The intelligence and beauty of the daughter makes her mother very proud.原文的名词性成分作主语一个星期前我遇上了一件最不可思议的事情.I had the most incredible experience a week ago.I had the most inconceivable encounter a week ago.The most unbelievable thing happened to me a week ago.他突然发现地毯上有个深色斑点.He suddenly saw a dark stain on the carpet.A dark stain on the carpet caught his eye.A dark stain on the carpet suddenly attracted his attention.他两天就抽完一包烟.He finishes a pack of cigarettes in two days.A packet of cigarettes lasts him only two days.It takes him only two days to finish a pack of cigarettes.原文的副词性成分作主语因为天气太糟,我们未能成行.Because of poor weather, we did not go.Bad weather prevented us from going.Bad weather caused us to cancel/postpone our trip.在刚刚结束的全运会上, 山东女子田径队有出色表现.The Shandong women’s track and field team put on an excellent performance at China’s just-completed National Games.China’s just-completed National Games saw the outstanding performance by the Shandongwomen’s track and field team.去年许多国家发生了严重的金融危机.Last year witnessed a serious financial crisis in many countries.原文的动词性成分作主语我见到他就恶心.Whenever I see him, I feel sick.I feel sick at the very sight of him.The very sight of him makes me sick.昨天他们表演得很成功.They performed very successfully yesterday.Their performance yesterday was a very huge success.昨天他们表演得很成功，引起了媒体的广泛关注。

汉英翻译技巧与实践题型:按要求翻译句子（15*2）翻译下列句子（15*2）翻译段落（4*10）词类的转换汉语动词转换成英语名词▪在校大学生人数急剧增加.▪There was a sharp increase in the number of the students in universities.▪我们是绝对不会支持这种做法的.▪We will never give any support to such behaviors.▪你必须好好照顾病人.▪You must take good care of the patient.▪这本杂志一发行就销售一空.▪The magazine was sold out immediately after its issue汉语动词转换成英语名词▪专家建议立刻削减军费开支.▪Some experts suggested an immediate reduction in military expenditure.▪熟练掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情.▪The mastery of a language is not easy.▪你选择哪一个?▪Which is your choice?▪这个国家的和平遭到破坏,是美国政府的干涉造成的.▪The destruction of peace in this country resulted from the intervention of the US government.汉语动词转换成英语形容词▪我们对他的工作极为满意.▪We are very satisfied with his job.▪我们为他的身体健康担忧.▪We are anxious about his health.▪他们怀疑他是否会准时来.▪They are doubtful whether he will come on time.▪工人们给政府施压,要求改善工作条件.▪The workers are pressing the government for better working conditions.汉语动词转换成英语介词(词组)▪他们正在准备参加这次晚会.▪They are preparing for the party.▪许多人反对这项计划.▪Many people are against the program.▪所提建议仅供参考.▪All the suggestions are for your reference.▪我不必排队等车,我是在始发站上车.▪I don’t have to queue for my bus. I get on at the terminus汉语动词转换成英语介词(词组)▪深圳大学归市政府管辖.▪Shenzhen University is under the control of the municipal government.▪他们完全赞成我的建议.▪They are all in favor of my suggestion.▪他们开始寻找食物.▪They started in search of food.汉语名词转换成英语动词▪地球的形状像一个大鸡蛋.▪The earth is shaped like an egg.▪该地区天气的主要特点是变化无常.▪The climate in this region is chiefly characterized by its variety.▪我们的判断应该以事实为基础.▪We should base our judgment on facts汉语名词转换成英语动词▪我们对投资的依赖超过其他城市.▪We rely more than any other city on the investment.▪他的演讲给我留下深刻的印象.▪His speech impressed me deeply.▪问卷调查的目的是加强对学生思想的了解.▪The questionnaire aims to know better the students’ideas.汉语名词转换成英语形容词或副词▪汉语非常具有表现力.▪Chinese language is very expressive.▪他的行为使我们起了疑心.▪His behaviors make us suspicious.▪我们的脑力和体力都在透支.▪We are being overdrawn both mentally and physically.▪他们具有罕见的娴熟技巧,能够从自然界获取自己需要的一切.▪They were exceptionally skillful at taking from nature all they needed to survive. 汉语副词转换成英语的动词,名词或形容词▪他们成功地改善了生态环境.▪They succeeded in improving the ecological environment.▪政府毫不犹豫地采取最严厉的措施打击犯罪分子.▪The government will not hesitate to take the severest measures against criminals. ▪他勉强地接受了邀请.▪He accepted the invitation with unwillingness.汉语副词转换成英语的动词,名词或形容词▪这些孩子很困难地在泥泞的道路上行走.▪The children were walking in the mud with difficulties.▪他生动地向我们描述了婚礼的场面.▪He gave us a vivid description of the wedding.▪在这种非正式场合,人们可以随意地穿着.▪People are free to wear what they please in this informal occasion.▪中国积极地参与了营救工作.▪China took an active part in the rescue汉语形容词转换成英语名词或副词▪这次会议十分重要.▪The negotiation is of great importance.▪科学家对政治并不陌生.▪Scientists are no strangers to politics.▪他发现我很犹豫,于是过来对我说: “别犹豫啦.”▪When he noticed my hesitation, he came to me and said: “Come on.”主语的选择原文的形容词性成分作主语我的头疼得要命.My head aches badly.My head is killing me.I have a splitting headache.I have a terrible headache.I have a migraine.懒惰的人不会成功.A lazy person will never succeed.Laziness makes it impossible for one to succeed.Laziness makes success impossible.这位母亲很为有个聪明漂亮的女儿而骄傲.The mother is very proud to have an intelligent and pretty daughter.The intelligence and beauty of the daughter makes her mother very proud. 原文的名词性成分作主语一个星期前我遇上了一件最不可思议的事情.I had the most incredible experience a week ago.I had the most inconceivable encounter a week ago.The most unbelievable thing happened to me a week ago.他突然发现地毯上有个深色斑点.He suddenly saw a dark stain on the carpet.A dark stain on the carpet caught his eye.A dark stain on the carpet suddenly attracted his attention.他两天就抽完一包烟.He finishes a pack of cigarettes in two days.A packet of cigarettes lasts him only two days.It takes him only two days to finish a pack of cigarettes.原文的副词性成分作主语因为天气太糟,我们未能成行.Because of poor weather, we did not go.Bad weather prevented us from going.Bad weather caused us to cancel/postpone our trip.在刚刚结束的全运会上, 山东女子田径队有出色表现.The Shandong women’s track and field team put on an excellent performance at China’s just-completed National Games.China’s just-completed National Games saw the outstanding performance by the Shandong women’s track and field team.去年许多国家发生了严重的金融危机.Last year witnessed a serious financial crisis in many countries.原文的动词性成分作主语我见到他就恶心.Whenever I see him, I feel sick.I feel sick at the very sight of him.The very sight of him makes me sick.昨天他们表演得很成功.They performed very successfully yesterday.Their performance yesterday was a very huge success.昨天他们表演得很成功，引起了媒体的广泛关注。