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2024届《高考一轮复习之文言实词词义的推断》公开课一等奖创新教学设计《高考一轮复习之文言实词词义的推断】教学设计学生需求分析经过高中三年的学习，学生们已经对文言文有了一定的了解和掌握。
他们积累了一定的文言实词，这为他们读懂古文打下了坚实的基础。
但是，古汉语的内容广泛且丰富，实词积累又无法穷尽。
因此，学生们还需要掌握文言实词推断的一般方法，通过举一反三、触类旁通的方式，进一步提高文言文的阅读理解能力，为读懂文言文扫除障碍，同时，学生自主梳理探究的意识不强，也往往忽略古文背后的文化价值与精神内涵。
教学目标制定1、总结文言实词词义推断方法，通过不同题型的真题演练，培养学生迁移运用能力；2、链接教材，巩固实词推断的方法，同时强化回归教材的意识；3、引导学生梳理探究，关注语言背后的文化价值与精神内涵，培养对祖国语言文字的热爱。
教学重点难点重点：总结文言实词词义推断的七种方法，并在回归教材中加以巩固。
难点：通过不同题型的真题演练，培养学生迁移运用知识的能力。
教学环境与教学用具多媒体教室、希沃白板交互式课件教学步骤与过程（一）课堂导入《咬文嚼字》编辑部近日在沪发布了2023年十大流行语，新质生产力、双向奔赴、人工智能大模型、特种兵式旅游等词语榜上有名。
这些流行语的背后，不仅体现了语言本身的创造力，也反映了社会的变迁。
文言文是我们与古代先贤沟通的桥梁，是了解古代社会的一面镜子。
然而，文言文中有很多实词的词义难以理解，给我们的阅读造成了障碍。
因此，今天我们将学习文言实词词义推断的方法，帮助同学们更好地读懂文言文，为你们与古人对话、走进古代社会打下坚实的基础（二）学习活动一：方法提炼请推测下列划线词语的词义，并说说你是如何推断的。
方法小结：字形推断法、邻字推断法、结构推断法、语法推断法、联想推断法、通假推断法、语境推断法（三）学习活动二：链接教材回顾选必下册第三单元，找找哪些字词可以运用实词推断法加以推断。
推断方法示例字形推断法邻字推断法结构推断法语法推断法联想推断法通假推断法语境推断法（四）学习活动三：真题演练请运用所学方法完成下面的试题。
在课堂教学中培养学生猜词释义的能力摘要:在英语阅读过程中不可避免地会碰到一些生词,如果一遇上生词就查字典,既影响阅读速度又影响阅读兴趣。
因此,掌握一些猜测词义的方法无疑会有助于提高英语阅读的能力。
关键词:英语;阅读;猜测;词义在阅读中,我们往往会遇到一些不认识的单词或短语,或者认识的单词在具体文章中有了新意义。
如果这些词或短语不影响对文章主要内容的理解,我们便可以将它们略过,继续阅读。
如果了解这些词语的意思对正确理解文章很重要,这时,我们就必须根据上下文,对它们的意义进行猜测,使之不影响对整篇文章的阅读和理解。
需要注意的是,一个单词通常有好几个意思,我们要解决的是这些词在文中所表达的意思。
因此,不可脱离上下文,不能只根据自己以前了解的词义来确定其意义。
猜词释义是一项很重要的阅读技能,经常鼓励学生在一定的语言环境中猜词释义可以培养学生阅读时积极思考的良好习惯,提高他们的阅读兴趣。
在课堂教学中,我们可以从以下几个方面入手指导学生进行猜词释义的训练。
一、根据语境猜测词义在仔细阅读文章后,利用上下文提供的情境和线索,进行合乎逻辑的综合分析和推理,便能轻而易举地猜出词义。
在sefc b ii unit 4 how a newspaper is produced?一文有这样一段描述:“every morning, the newspaper chief editor holds a meeting with journalists. they discuss the main events ofthe day. reporters are then sent to cover the events.”“cover”一词学生并不陌生,但根据上下文中的意思和句中的位置显然不能译成“盖子”或“封面”,既然讨论的是当日的主要事件,而记者又被派出,学生由此可猜出“cover”在这儿应是“采访”的意思。
再如letter to a pen friend一课中,有这样一个句子:“it doesn’t often rain in summer here…every evening we pump water from a well…”教师可先把句中的生词“pump”给学生疏通,而well虽已学过,但在这里明显不是已知的“好”的意思,这时可以采用选择的形式让学生进行猜测训练:a.a thing for keeping water b.a person who pumps water c.a deep hole with water in the ground d. a tool used for digging for water显然,学生根据前后文提供的内容,可猜出“well”的意思是选项c。
阅读技能训练——猜测词义How to guess the meanings of words?授课教师：缙云职业中专卢蕾第1课时Teaching contentHow to guess the meanings of words while reading?Instructional objectives1.Ss will be able to know how to guess the meaning of words.2.Ss can guess the meanings according to the skills.3.Ss will be able to consolidate the skills of guessing the meanings.Important points1.Ss can understand the skills of guessing the meanings.2.Ss will be able to use the guessing skills.Difficult pointsSs will be able to consolidate the skills of guessing the meanings.Teaching methodsInductive approach, discussion and competitionTeaching materialsMultimedia,blackboardTeaching proceduresStep1 Warming upShow the rule of the competition.Step2 Lead-inSs play a guessing game: guess the meaning of the word according to the giveninformation.(Purpose: Try to arouse Ss’ interests in guessing.)Step3 PresentationSs work on the sentences and guess the meanings of the given words, trying to conclude the strategies.根据构词法猜词1. I will not make friends with a dishonest person.2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless.3. If some athletes use drugs, it is unfair to the others.根据释义猜词1. It will be very hard but also very brittle——that is , it will break easily.2. The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”, students who take tests for other students.3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.根据对比转折猜词1. He replied quickly, but after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.2. Your ideas are so nebulous that they are not clear to me.根据反义词猜词1. Although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday sun was tropical.2. He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.根据因果关系猜词1. The clock is so accurate that it will never lose a second in more than 200 millionyears.2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key.根据生活常识或经验猜词1. In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry.2. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there will be a drought.3. The snake slithered through the grass.Step4 PracticeSs work on the exercises on the PPT in groups of 6. If the answer is right, his or her group will have one point.Step5 CompetitionPresent some fruits on the PPT for the Ss to choose, each stands for an exercise. If his of her answer is right, he or she can get one point. The best student in the best group will be able to have a gift.Step6 SummaryMake a summary to revise what we’ve learned in this lesson.Step7 Homework1.Memorize the skills after class.2.Finish off Passage 2 carefully.Bb. How to guess the meanings of words?Teaching reflectionThe content was a bit difficult, however, students could understand it quite well.The Competition made most of the students get balance development in the aspects of studying interest, learning goal, learning content, learning motivation and learning channel.。
