跨文化管理理论分析《安娜与国王》

《安娜与国王》观后感这个学期我选了跨文化交流这门有意思的选修课，其中令我印象最深刻的就是看了一部由周润发和朱迪·福斯特主演的好莱坞电影《安娜与国王》，电影播放的时间虽然很长，但是却给我留下了许多遐思，明白了各国之间文化的差异性。

电影中英国妇女安娜应邀前往暹罗王宫中做家庭教师。

由于东西方文化及各自性格上的差异，她与国王的子女乃至国王本人时有冲突，甚至差点被赶走。

但是随着了解的加深，尤其是在一次粉碎敌对分子政变阴谋的过程中，安娜临危不惧和国王对自己国家的忠诚都给对方留下了深刻的印象，国王认识到，女人是可以同自己平起平坐的；而孩子们更是由衷地把她当成自己的良师益友。

就在国王从心底喜爱她的时候，她却认为自己已经完成了来王宫授益解惑的任务，毅然回到了自己的祖国。

四十年后，当年的得意门生已经继承了王位，像老国王一样对自己的国家竭尽忠诚，并带领人民向二十世纪进军做好准备。

电影中的许多情节反映了文化大师们的著名文化理论，将东西文化差异表现得淋漓尽致，是一部很值得观看的文艺片。

通过这部影片，我对各国的文化差异有了更深一步的了解。

在觐见国王之前，安娜被带到首相官邸。

首相称她为“先生”，她问翻译为什么称呼她为sir，翻译告诉她，因为暹罗国的女子在首相面前不能站立。

得到国王召见后，在觐见国王的路上，首相告诫安娜：“觐见国王时，你和你的儿子要记住，前额触地，行跪拜礼。

”安娜不卑不亢地说：“尽管我们已经逐渐熟悉了贵国的风俗，但是我们也有自己的礼节和习惯。

我会用我国的礼节表示我的最高敬意。

”这一情节充分体现了赫福斯特文化维度中权力距离，泰国是一个权力距离比较高的国家，国王拥有至高无上的皇权，任何人见到国王都必须下跪，更何况安娜是一个妇人。

君为臣纲，夫为妻纲在泰国体现的更加明显。

影片中有一个情节体现了强皮拉斯的普遍主义和特殊主义。

但暹罗国王子和安娜的儿子发生冲突时，安娜并没有因为王子的尊贵身份而偏袒他，也没有因为爱护自己的儿子而有所纵容，相反，安娜以应有的方式惩罚他们，这就是典型的西方的法律权威，不会因人而异，讲究什么情面，顾及什么情理。

09对外汉语06号杨素君从《安娜与国王》中看东西方文化差异摘要：跨文化交际学：是研究不同文化背景的人们，在交际过程中所遇到的问题和困难，并提出解决问题的办法的一门学科，增强人们的文化意识，减少文化交流中的冲突。

这篇论文主要从跨文化交际学角度出发，把影片《安娜与国王》作为主要研究对象，并以影片中安娜与国王所发生的故事情节为出发点，描述东西方各种文化的不同特点，分析电影里具体的表现情节，突出种种文化矛盾，体现有关于东西方文化的差异性，以及东方文化与西方文化的交流和冲突，从而突出这学期跨文化交际学中的重要理论，以此来更好地指导人们进行文化交流。

关键词：跨文化交际、东西方文化、差异与冲突、观念、交流一：电影《安娜与国王》的主要内容影片《安娜与国王》发生在19世纪中叶的古暹罗国（泰国），主要讲述一个西方的英国藉女教师：安娜（茱迪·福斯特饰演），被聘请到东方古暹罗国担任教师一职，然后描述了她在异国与古暹罗国的国王（周润发饰演）所发生的一系列爱情故事。

安娜作为一名年轻的寡妇，接到古暹罗国的聘任书后，带着她的儿子来到异国，给古暹罗国国王的68个孩子讲课，她主要负责教予皇室成员英语以及西方观念和哲学知识。

面对着一个完全陌生的国家，陌生的环境，陌生的人群，陌生的风俗，一切在她眼中显得那么的陌生，仿佛是一个与她格格不入的国家。

安娜从一开始的不习惯，到后来慢慢的接受了这种文化氛围，甚至还融入东方文化之中，可以很明显的体现出书本上跨文化交际学中所涉及的一些重要知识点，如不同国度不同人群有不同的文化观念、特别是等级观念，隐私观念问题、时间观念、面子观念等问题在这部电影中都有十分生动而形象的描述。

这部影片是以西方女人安娜与东方国王之间的感情为主线，从而反映出东西方文化的差异性，体现了文化的交流和冲突。

二：影片《安娜与国王》东西方文化之间的差异性安娜，一名来自英国的教师，是一个有独立见解和想法的女性，她代表着西方蓬勃向上的先进文化，而古暹罗国国王，拥有至高无上的权力，然而他代表着东方传统的古老文化。

Asimpleanalysisi...第一篇：A simple analysis in culture differences of Anna and the King 安娜与国王影评A simple analysis in culture differences of Anna and the King Anna and the King is a film which directed by Hollywood in 21th century.It is adopted from Elizabeth Hand’s Biographical Novel.The romantic story may not strictly based on history.Full-bodied exoticism mixing with conflicts and fusion of western-eastern culture, alternately present in the film.Anna and the King tells a story setting in Siam, 19th century.A young governess, Anna, is invited far from England to Siam by the King Mongkut: who yearns for exit may exist in western system.It is the first time Anna steps on a land totally different from the western.This courageous and stubborn bachelor mother is impacted on various aspects.As the plot developing, Anna and the King, from see each other, know to phase for the love.These romantic and dramatic conflicts also unfold how people from different background comprehend each other, communicate with each other.This article is going to analysis some culture differences.●Privacy ConceptIn the film, a conversation happening when Anna and Prime Minister Mr.Hong firstly meet emerges a conflict usually occurring between westerners and easterners-----privacy.The western emphasizes individual while the eastern minds social.So when an easterner politely asks with concerns about, the westerner may take it as offence.●Time ConceptIt takes Anna three weeks waiting to meet the King.The King rejects Anna’s requests for respect as a visitor.All these conflicts unfold two different attitudes, rules, and ways of dealing withtime.Hall promoted them as ‘Unit time culture’ and ‘Multiple time culture’.For people living in ‘Unit time culture’, everything should be done strictly and effectively based on schedule.Being punctual and the deadline are deeply rooted in them.However, for people live in ‘Multiple time culture’, they don’t schedule every detail and abide by it.The ‘Unit time culture’ makes people only concern about time table ignores other elements, such as communications.While the ‘Multiple time culture’ hints people the head of series is the most important.These emerge in the film, Anna waiting for the King to receive, Anna’s request of living outside the palace.●High/low power distance cultures & gender discrimination Asian is a typical delegate of high power distance culture.It accepts power is distributed unequally power, teachers and students, parents and children, the emperor and the minister.High power distance culture also represents male power culture.This oriental stylish culture penetrates the film.In Siam, nobody is allowed to look in the face of the King, and men never apologize to women.And the King Mongkut can’t imagine a man only has one wife.While western countries tend to low power distance culture.People try hard to break unequally distributed power.They believe everyone is born equally and everyone deserves respect, whether women or men.So in the film, we know a gentle Anna, who won’t accept polygamy and slave’s suffering.Anna and the King paints a colorful engaging picture of Smile Land, Siam.Its multicultural conflicts make this film a classical case of cross-cultural research. 第二篇：安娜与国王英文影评Intercultural communication and conflicts——the comments on Anna and the king Adapted by a novel and filmed in 1999, “Anna and the king” tells a story of anEnglish widow going to Thailand with her son and teaching King’s sons English, based on the background in the middle of the 19th century.Except for love and war, this movie reflects intercultural communication and conflicts as a manifestation of culture shock in terms of human rights, concept of privacy and time.As for human rights, western people possess the value of equality;while eastern rank people by their gender and social state.When Anna met the prime minister of Thailand for the first time, she was called “sir” for standing in front of him, which violated Siam’s provision that girls must g o down on their knees when meeting the primer.Although she had been advised to touch forehead to floor and bow down to the king, she insisted on greeting by protocol of her own custom, in most respectful way.When Anna saw a slave be chained outside, both physically and mentally painful, she decided to request king to release her.In her opinion, each human being has the right to enjoy full freedom, and slavery should never exist in a modern nation.King admired her humanism and courage and allowed her to stand when speaking to him.Princess Chulalongkorn also learned from his teacher and changed from being superior to respectful, self-righteous to a good listener, and selfish to indiscriminate love Ancient Siam’s polygamy, which is inhumane and deprives women of pursuing true love, also caused conflicts between Anna and king.When king’s new imperial concubine——T atian was found cheating on king with her lover for being neglected by king, she was lashed in court and was going to be executed.Anna defended for her, which put king on a spot and lead to a tragic ending.Although Anna gets a strong point, it is not strong enough to confront with king’s dignity and feudal polygamy around the whole nation.Cultural conflicts in privacy are skillfullymentioned when Anna met primer for the first time.After primer asked a series of personal questions before getting straight to the point, Anna stressed that her purpose there was to tutor king’s son, and personal questions are unnecessary.In Siam, asking personal questions first is a gesture to be polite and friendly.However, westerners pursue individualism and value the importance of privacy, which is greatly different from collectivism advocated by most easterners.The difference in concept of time is another culture shock in this movie.After Anna came to Siam, she wasn’t called in until the third week, and her request for living outside palace wasn’t worked out immediately.Prime minister explained that everything has its own time in Siam and it will resolve itself in time.Howeve r, in Anna’s mind, it is a matter of principle whether one can keep his or her promise, not time.Not only does Anna bring new ideas to Siam, but the culture there has also changed her way of thinking.In the beginning of the movie, when Louis, Anna’s son, a sked her why the king needed her when no one in Siam spoke any English, she answered, the ways the England, the ways the world.However, this sense of superiority faded gradually as she found England, the so called country of modernization and civilization, secretly planned to provoke a war between Siam and Burma for the sake of its own self-interest.As English, she chose to stand on the side of justice, not power.This movie sets a good example for intercultural exchange, where different values can conflict with each other, learn from each other, and finally reform to be a better one.第三篇：《安娜与国王》观后感《安娜与国王》观后感这个学期我选了跨文化交流这门有意思的选修课，其中令我印象最深刻的就是看了一部由周润发和朱迪·福斯特主演的好莱坞电影《安娜与国王》，电影播放的时间虽然很长，但是却给我留下了许多遐思，明白了各国之间文化的差异性。

[摘要]本论文以影片《安娜与国王》为研究素材，从跨文化交际学角度分析了以古暹罗国为代表的东方文化与西方文化相遇时所产生的文化冲突以及冲突背后的原因。

研究者进一步揭示了在国际化程度日益加深的今天，参与国际交往的人数日益增多，必须摒弃文化中心主义，消除文化歧视和偏见，培养自己的文化敏感性和对异文化的包容。

[关键词]跨文化交际；文化冲突；文化中心主义；文化沟通；价值观电影《安娜与国王》拍摄于1999年，迄今已经10年。

这是一部由个人传记改编成小说，又由小说改编成的电影。

由亚洲电影巨星周润发、美国演艺界才女茱迪·福斯特联手上演。

正如一些影评中惯用的描述：“演员阵容强大，服饰华丽，拍摄手法声势壮阔，充满了浓郁的东方情调。

”全片外景均在马来西亚拍摄，场景堂皇宏伟，用了史上最大规模的布景，生动呈现了浓厚的东方风味。

这部以生活在19世纪中叶的东方君主遇到西方寡居美女的旷世爱情传奇为主线，旨在反映东西方文化交流与冲突主题的电影，上映后引发了广泛的关注与讨论。

《安娜与国王》这部电影尽管没有为制片公司带来预期的票房，甚至在泰国还遭到禁演，但是影片中所反映的古暹罗国(泰国)独特的文化传统和东西方文化冲突却使它成为一部研究跨文化交际的生动教材。

跨文化交际学中所涉及的一些重要理论，如不同文化的价值观、权利距离、面子观念、隐私观念、时间观念等在这部电影中都有非常形象的描述。

国内开设《跨文化交际》课程的教师很多都把这部电影作为教学材料，让学生们观看并分析电影中所揭示的跨文化交际主题。

下面就从跨文化交际学角度分析这部电影所呈现的东方文化传统和价值观与文化冲突以及冲突背后的原因。

一、电影《安娜与国王》中所反映的文化差异与文化冲突影片《安娜与国王》中的暹罗国王蒙空是一个思想上较开放的人，醉心于西方文明，想让他的子女学习西方文化，好迎接20世纪的到来。

因此特地从英国请来一位名叫安娜的女教师，负责执教自己的58个子女，期望给古老的东方王国带来新的文明气息。

跨文化交际的三重门作者：孙听雨来源：《创新科技》 2012年第4期雅典民谚有云：“故事一样，说法不同。

”这便引发了在不同文化哲学和社会背景下的跨文化交际。

作为语言交际能力的一个重要组成部分，跨文化交际能力不仅仅是一个语言技巧问题，更涉及文化的方方面面。

纵观近年影坛，我们不难发现有越来越多的影片将视角投向文化，它们在生动的故事情节中将理论性、实践性、知识性和趣味性熔于一炉，逐渐成为当今世界跨文化交际和融合的重要样本。

本文以三部探讨跨文化交际的典型影片《辣妈辣妹》、《我的盛大希腊婚礼》和《安娜与国王》为例，以霍夫斯泰德的价值观维度理论，克拉克洪和斯托贝克的价值观导向理论为切入点，简要探讨了跨文化交际的家庭意义，宗教意义和政治意义。

跨文化交际的家庭意义北美的青春片并不少见，但像《辣妈辣妹》这种兼顾青春期女儿和更年期母亲的片子就很有创意了，而且是一个能够有效减轻代沟烦恼的创意。

故事里，中年单身的黛丝和女儿安娜总是矛盾重重。

妈妈不懂女儿的音乐，爱情和在学校里的处境，女儿也不接受妈妈的管教和未婚夫。

然而，在一个怪诞的星期五，一块神奇的东方饼干让两人的灵魂互换。

”Everyday they arein each other’s face, today they areeach other’s body.”自此，她们开始了一场神奇的旅程，被迫在对方的身体里应付起看似简单轻松的日常生活。

两代人间的沟通与交流亦可看做一种微型的跨文化交际，而片中母亲和女儿的沟通障碍可归咎于他们相异的价值观维度。

首先，两人对待家庭的态度就截然不同。

安娜，一个刚刚15岁的小女生，还没有承担责任的自我意识，自然以个人主义引导自己的生活。

当乐队试演和婚礼彩排撞车时，她只关心自己热爱的摇滚乐，忽略了这个“big dinner”对黛丝的意义，固执地认为黛丝自己拥有“完美”的生活，却偏偏要“ruin her life”。

相反地，黛丝作为一个中年丧偶的女人，面对一双儿女和年迈的老父亲，她的一切行为自然都以家庭利益为先导。

A simple analysis in culture differencesof Anna and the KingThe film Anna and the king was produced in 1999, directed by Andy Tennant and stars are Jodie Foster and Chow Yun-fat. It tells the story of Anna, who is an English teacher, also a widow, invited to Siam (now Thailand) to teach the royal to learn English in the 19th century. Due to the differences between the two cultures, Anna had many fierce conflicts with the people there and even the king. But gradually the king became to appreciate Anna‟s braveness and her new ideas. The king‟s children were also enlightened by Anna‟s education. When the enemy came to attack, Anna and her son saved the royal with their brilliant wisdom. The king and Anna fell in love, but Anna finally left Siam after the last waltz with him.From the movie, we can see, the culture background of the king and the English woman is quite different.the most evident difference is High/low power distance cultures & gender discrimination Asian is a typical delegate of high power distance culture.When Anna met the prime minister of Thailand for the first time, she was called “sir” because she is standing when she met the prime minister. In the view of the prime minister, only man can met him with his legs standing. However, in view of the English woman, she is equal to the prime minister, so she needs not to bow. And she feel quite puzzled when she is called “sir”.Privacy is important in the west.Then the prime minister keeps asking the woman private questions, in his kingdom which is a mean to show respect and care, and in the eye of the woman which is a rude behavior.Time Concept is also different. After Anna came to Siam, she wasn‟t called in until the third week, and her request for living outside palace wasn‟t worked out immediately. Prime minister explained that everything has its own time in Siam and it will resolve itself in time. However, in A nna‟s mind, it is a matter of principle whether one can keep his or her promise, not time. Those conflicts unfold two different attitudes, rules, and ways of dealing with time. Hall promoted them as …Unit time culture‟ and …Multiple time culture‟. For peo ple living in …Unit time culture‟, everything should be donestrictly and effectively based on schedule. Being punctual and the deadline are deeply rooted in them. However, for people live in …Multiple time culture‟, they don‟t schedule every detail and abide by it. The …Unit time culture‟ makes people only concern about time table ignores other elements, such as communications. While the …Multiple time culture‟ hints people the head of series is the most important.This movie sets a good example for intercultural exchange, where different values can conflict with each other, learn from each other, and finally reform to be a better one.。

用跨文化理论解读电影《安娜与国王》摘要：《安娜与国王》这部电影主要是讲述的是发生在古暹罗国王和英国士兵遗孀安娜之间的故事，反映了东西方文化的差异和冲突。

跨文化管理理论中的权力距离、集体主义-个人主义、价值观、时间观念、隐私观念等理论在这部影片中都有所体现，使这部影片成为了研究跨文化交际的经典案例。

它表露了在国际化程度日益加深的今天，不应该以自我的文化为中心的观点，要包容并蓄，消除文化歧视和偏见。

关键词：东方文化，西方文化，跨文化一、《安娜与国王》背景和主要内容在19世纪中叶的泰国，国王倾心于西方文化，对国家实行了对外开放以及文化交流等政策。

因此，他从遥远的英国请来了一位家庭女教师，她就是安娜。

故事中的安娜是个带着稚子的年轻寡妇。

国王让她来执教自己的68个子女。

在这里，安娜对所面对的这个国度充满着新鲜与好奇，同时，她也遵循着自己带来的西方式文化传统的教育方式。

而国王则是一个既雄心勃勃又刚愎自用的国王，他对儿女的娇宠和对下臣的严厉使安娜大为不满，东西方文化的碰撞总是使安娜和喜欢意志独断的国王在一些问题上争执不休。

也正是在争执中，他们逐渐相互了解了对方，安娜对国王的开放思想非常欣赏，也逐渐感受到了自己工作的意义，随着两人交往的进一步加深，安娜几乎成了国王处理一些重大事件的特殊谋臣，于是妻妾成群的国王与性格坚毅的安娜之间产生了一段浪漫的感情故事。

这部影片是根据史实改编而成，是一部很唯美浪漫的爱情电影，全新地展现了英国籍女教师安娜带着儿子来到古暹罗国后，与国王之间发生的爱情故事。

二、跨文化理论对影片的分析1.权力距离与社会阶层社会阶层分明是影片表现出来的一大文化特征。

在古暹罗，国王是最最崇高的，任何人见到国王都要下跪叩见。

而安娜所遵循的西方文化，教育她人生而平等，没有贵贱之分。

所以，在一开始面见国王的时候，首相要求安娜和她的儿子下跪叩拜，但是安娜拒绝了，她说：“虽然我们已经逐渐了解了贵国的文化，但是我们也有自己的礼节和习惯。

Review of Anna and the KingAnna and the King is the fourth Hollywood movie based on the diary of Anna Leonowens, an English woman who went to Siam in 1862 to tutor King Mongkut 's children. This movie ,Anna and the King ,cost a little long time，but leaves me a deep impression and makes me know more about the culture difference between different countries . In the movie, many plots reflected famous culture theory, and showed clearly the culture difference.Before visiting the King , Anna met the prime minister, the prime minister called her “sir”,then her asked translator why she was called “sir” .The translator told her that Siam’woman mustn’t stand in front of the prime minister. And prime minister warned that Anna and her son should put forehead to touch the floor. Anna said that although they had been getting familiar with Siam’customs, but they also had their own etiquette and habits. She would use their country etiquette to express her highest respect. This action fully reflects power distance. In high power distance cultures, people are expected to display respect for those of higher status. Thailand is a power distance higher state, the King has supreme imperial, and anyone that see the King must kneel down.The privacy concept of the traditional easterners is weak. We are glad to know more about others’ experience, and others are willing to tell us. While westerners pay much attention to personal privacy and space .And they aren’t reluctant to reference to personal privacy and be interfered by others.Anna met the prime minister, she was asked about her private affairs. The prime minister asked whether she had friends in Bangkok, how her husband died, and how long her husband had died .She was very embarrassed, but had to answer. Then she asked translator to tell the prime minister that she came to act as a teacher and hoped no questions about her personal privacy. Unexpectedly, the prime minister answered to her in English that it’s the custom of Siam to ask private when people meet at first time and it just shows the politeness. This action reflects Anna, a westerner, pay much attention to personal privacy. What’s more, it also show that the culture of Hector Foster ’Long-term & Short-term Orientation. In Siam, all pay attention to Anna’ past, while Anna holds that everyone should look towards to the future and shouldn’t look back. And Anna is particular about the personal space. In the movie, although Anna is refused by the King many times but she always intensively asks to be allowed that she can own her own accommodation outside the imperial palace. She hopes that she can keep away from the crowed and own personal space. This action obviously shows that Anna, a westerner, has the intense concept of the personal space.The Universalism and Particularism are also shown fully in this movie. When the prince of Siam clashed with Anna’son, he didn’t get the favoritism from Anna because of his honorable status. And Anna didn’t indulge her son. On the contrary, she punished them in the same way. This is a typical western legal authority. There is no particular for anyone. And no one will be regarded particular, while everyone is regarded the same.The exchange and communication of the cultural of the world greatly promotesmutual respect and understanding of various historical tradition and culture. The cultural communication and exchange also continuously break tradition and barriers.From this movie, we can not only learn about the east unique cultural tradition and values, but also realize misunderstanding and hurt made by cultural discrimination and prejudice from clash between the eastern culture and the western culture. Nowadays, intercultural communication becoming more and more frequent and degree of internationalization being enhancing, we must know the difference of intercultural communication.。

《安娜与国王》电影文化鉴赏摘要：电影中英国妇女安娜应邀前往暹罗王宫中做家庭教师。

由于东西方文化及各自性格上的差异，她与国王的子女乃至国王本人时有冲突，甚至差点被赶走。

但是随着了解的加深，尤其是在一次粉碎敌对分子政变阴谋的过程中，安娜临危不惧和国王对自己国家的忠诚都给对方留下了深刻的印象，国王认识到，女人是可以同自己平起平坐的；而孩子们更是由衷地把她当成自己的良师益友。

就在国王从心底喜爱她的时候，她却认为自己已经完成了来王宫授益解惑的任务，毅然回到了自己的祖国。

四十年后，当年的得意门生已经继承了王位，像老国王一样对自己的国家竭尽忠诚，并带领人民向二十世纪进军做好准备（电影内容简介）.关键字：安娜与国王，东西文化，文化差异和冲突。

一：文化冲突英国人安娜·里奥诺云斯曾于十九世纪中叶来到当时被称作“暹罗”的泰国任皇室家庭教师。

安娜的自传曾多次被搬上银幕。

现今由二十世纪福克斯公司投资拍摄的《安娜与国王》则一心要通过东西方演员的配搭来重新演绎这段半真半假的故事，以表现西方的傲慢和东方的抉择之间的碰撞。

《安娜与国王》也遭到同样的命运，本的初稿把国王刻画成一个精通武功的阿拉伯王子的形象。

里面还有安娜与国王用眼神交流表达情感的场景，安娜的儿子有意模仿国王的走路姿势和说话的神情等等。

不知好莱坞的剧作家是否知道，在泰国，任何敢公开抨击王室的人就有可能背上不敬的罪名，甚至遭到监禁，更何况目前在位的普密篷国王本人就是蒙空国王的直系后代二：风俗冲突：婚姻制度英国女教师是个寡妇，带了一个儿子来到暹罗，她被邀请当国王的58个孩子的家庭教师，即肩负西方文化传播的重任，当然要付出代价和牺牲。

首先她没有立即得到国王事先答应的独立住所，不得不住在王宫里，和几十个嫔妃争宠，目睹了东方文化的阴暗面，一夫多妻制，眼睁睁的看见一个嫔妃为了争取爱情所付出的生命代价，她不甘心一辈子就是国王的附属，过着守活寡的日子，她用英语写信给他的情人，与他约会，结果给逮了个正着，被人审判，砍头，场面惨不忍睹。

中文标题跨文化语用失误及对策研究－以电影《安娜与国王》为例英文标题A Study of Pragmatic Failure in Intercultural Communication—With Movie Anna and the King as an Example中文关键词语用失误；文化冲突；语用负迁移；文化意识英文关键词Pragmatic failure； Cultural conflict；Negative pragmatic transfer； Cultural awareness中文摘要国内外经济的发展和整个世界的一体化，使得我们和世界各国的交流越来越频繁，这其中文化的交流更是不可避免。

由于人们的文化背景不同，在跨文化交际的过程中就很有可能引起误解甚至冲突，最终导致交际的中断和失败。

交际者深受其本族文化的影响，往往会把本民族的文化规约和语言知识带入交际行为，这就无法正确的表达自己的想法和理解对方的意图，交际失误就此产生。

本文旨在通过对跨文化语用失误的分析去寻求解决问题的办法。

跨文化交际学就是研究不同文化背景的人在交际过程中的矛盾和问题并提出解决办法的学科,并增强人们的文化意识和减少文化交流中的冲突。

本文从跨文化交际的角度出发，通过对美国电影《安娜与国王》中的文化冲突进行分析,指出文化是交际中不可忽视的重要因素。

文化的巨大差异所导致的种种矛盾，正是跨文化语用失误的体现。

片中男女主角最终克服困难，互相融入对方的文化和习俗，使得文化的交锋圆满收场。

论文由导论、正文和结论三部分组成。

导论主要介绍本文的写作目的、意义、以及电影的介绍。

正文首先对跨文化交际中常见的概念进行回顾，比如文化、交际、语用学和语用失误等重要概念以及它们的特点和组成。

其次阐述跨文化交际中的语用失误的主要原因和分类。

接着重点分析跨文化交际失误在电影里的具体体现和原因。

指出由于种种原因，在跨文化交流中，只要文化的差异不消除，文化冲突就难以避免。

《安娜与国王》中对现代女性的启示《安娜与国王》这部电影是根据史实改编而成，是一个女教师与暹罗(十九世纪泰国)国王之间著名的爱情故事。

这是一部场面浩大的浪漫爱情电影，重新诠释了寡居的英籍女教师安娜里欧诺文与暹逻国王蒙空那场轰轰烈烈的爱情故事。

安娜是一位英国家庭女教师，失去了丈夫，身边只有一个小男孩。

她应暹罗(十九世纪泰国)王室之邀，不远万里来到封闭落后的泰国，担任暹罗王蒙空58位王子的家庭教师，教授西方礼仪和文化。

有着西方平等自由思想的安娜，来到东方传统的暹罗国后，自然十分不适应。

困惑至极的安娜便鼓起勇气，用自己的智慧去抗争命运了。

此时，英俊潇洒、勇于自省的蒙空王，开始意识到自己的治国方法在19世纪中叶应该有所改变。

安娜与国王的相遇撞出了爱的火花，也改变了安娜的一生，改变了暹罗的命运。

两人相知相爱，相携相敬，欲将东方文化与西方文明融汇在一起。

但最终，为了拯救暹罗这个挣扎在可能被殖民的边缘的国家，两位异国恋人牺牲了自己的爱情……安娜，那个异国女子。

带着亡夫之痛，带着唯一的儿子，自大洋彼岸飘洋过海而来，坚持着自己的尊严与信念，用柔韧的力量与异国之邦强大的传统势力抗衡。

她改变了，她改变的是自己，也有她的学生，有她曾留下足迹的任何地方――与其说这是命中注定的，不如说这是她的出生，她的教育，她的生活经历决定了，她叛逆但不失礼，她勇敢却不鲁莽，她在一个随时随地可以置于她死地的地方艰难地生存着，这是对稀薄空气的挑战。

她没有死，她不死我归为她的信念。

文中多次出现了“在暹罗，你会学到一切，一切都要慢慢来”的措词，这种慢慢的变化也随时间的拉长而突显，她坚定地遵循着自己的信念，自己的原则。

有信念便有了力量，有了人之生存下去的根本条件，她也同样坚信“就像小脚要变化一样暹罗也会变化……”所以她不气馁地一次次与国王针锋相对，虽然每一次的争论短暂而慌乱，但就像水滴石穿，毫不气馁的异端行为换上本土人怕早就乱棍打死，但对一个特殊的异乡女子来说却又是那么地合乎情理。

作者： 范雯;张静怡;田娜
作者机构： 成都信息工程学院银杏酒店管理学院,四川成都611743
出版物刊名： 赤峰学院学报：汉文哲学社会科学版
页码： 207-208页
年卷期： 2014年 第1期
主题词：�安娜与国王》;后殖民主义;女性主义
摘要：电影《安娜与国王》是好莱坞据安娜·利奥诺温斯的自传体小说改编拍摄的反映19世纪泰国（当时称作暹罗）宫廷的故事。

电影讲述了英国安娜在暹罗宫廷为暹罗王蒙库的58个王子和公主担任老师期间发生的故事。

文章以爱德华·赛义德的“他者”和钱德拉·塔尔佩德·莫汉蒂的“第三世界妇女形象”等后殖民概念为理论基础，从安娜与暹罗国男性的抗衡及安娜与暹罗国女性的形象塑造差异等方面，对该影片折射出的西方后殖民文化霸权进行剖析，得出东方暹罗国只是作为西方英国存在的一个“他者”．东方男人暹罗王蒙库只是衬托西方白人女性安娜的一个“他者”的结论。

《安娜与国王》--后殖民时代好莱坞电影的一次表意实践
杨伟
【期刊名称】《西北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
【年(卷),期】2014(000)002
【摘要】后殖民时代的全球化背景之下，以美国为中心的好莱坞电影改变叙事策
略以期敲开华语电影市场之门，世纪之交的《安娜与国王》恰是这一背景下的产物。

导演借爱情讲述了一个基督教文化如何挽救非基督教世界的神话故事，借异教徒的他者之镜构建西方福音传播者的“自我”之像，借异教徒的他者之像重新构建美国电影的新蓝图。

【总页数】4页(P176-179)
【作者】杨伟
【作者单位】西北民族大学新闻传播学院，甘肃兰州 730030
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】J99
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