福建省厦门双十中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中考
英语试题
一、单项选择
1．Sorry, Madam. The 20 percent discount only _______ the supermarket members. A．sticks to B．applies to C．depends on D．approves of 【答案】B
【详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：对不起，女士，只有超市会员才能享受八折优惠。A.sticks to 坚持；B.applies to 应用于；C.depends on 依赖；D.approves of赞同。根据句意可知，八折优惠仅仅适用于超市会员，选项B符合题意。故选B。
2．A copy of the article was taken to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to
_______.
A．appreciate B．recover C．arrange D．polish
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：文章的副本被带到报社雇用的以英语为母语的人进行润色。
A.appreciate欣赏；
B.recover恢复；
C.arrange安排；
D.polish润色。分析句子并翻译语境可知，polish是动词意为“润色”，与to构成不定式结构在句中作目的状语。故选D项。【点睛】
3．The incident aroused public concern and thousands of letters _______ into the newspaper office in answer to the appeal for suggestions.
A．broke B．poured C．switched D．ran
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一事件引起了公众的关注，数以千计的信件涌入报社，以回应征求意见的呼吁。A.broke 破坏；损坏；B.poured 涌入；不断涌向；C.switched 转换；D.ran经营；跑步。结合设空前letters和之后的into the newspaper office可知，此处指信件不断涌向报社。选项B符合题意，故选B。
4．The door opened and _______ an old lady _______ an expensive fur coat.
A．came in; in B．in came; in C．came in; on D．in came; on 【答案】B
【详解】
考查倒装句和介词辨析。句意：门开了，一位穿着昂贵裘皮大衣的老太太走了进来。分析句子结构，第一空，and后面部分句子的主语是an old lady，放在谓语动词后面，可知这是一个倒装句，in是表示方位的介词，位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子使用完全倒装，结构为：方位介词+谓语+主语，排除A项和C项；第二空的“in+表示服饰的名词”意为“穿着……”，排除D项。故选B。
5．If you go to Mount Tai, you will find it more magnificent than commonly _______. A．supposing B．supposed C．to suppose D．suppose
【答案】B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你去泰山，你会发现它比通常想象的要宏伟。补充完成句子是you’ll find it more magnificent than commonly (it is) supposed. 形式宾语it和suppose 是被动的关系，省略it is。选项B符合题意。故选B。
6．As delegates to the People’s Congress Council, we’ll never _______ the trust people have placed in us.
A．catch sight of B．lose sight of
C．out of sight of D．in sights of
【答案】B
【详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：作为人民代表大会的代表，我们永远不会忘记人民对我们的信任。A.catch sight of看见......；B.lose sight of忽略；忘记；C.out of sight of 在视野外；看不见；D.in sights of在看得见某物的地方。结合句意，句中指我们不会忘记人民对我们的信任。选项B符合题意，故选B。
7．It was not until I got home _______ I found that I had left my keys in the office. A．before B．when C．that D．then
【答案】C
【详解】
考查not until的强调句型。句意：直到我回到家，我才发现我把钥匙忘在办公室了。not until的强调句型结构为：It is/was not until + 被强调部分（状语）+ that + 其它，其基本特点为删除It is/was及that，其余部分可以重新写成句子。本句去掉It is/was及that 重写的句子为：I didn't find that I had left my keys in the office until I got home.结合选项可知，选项C符合题意。故选C。
8．_________, she talked a lot about her favorite movie star to us.
A．Quiet a girl as she is B．A quiet as she is
C．A girl as she is quiet D．Quiet girl as she is
【答案】D
【详解】
考查as引导的让步状语从句。句意：尽管她是个安静的女孩，但是她跟我们谈了很多她最喜欢的电影明星。as引导让步状语从句时，其结构为：名词+ as + 主语+ 系动词，当名词前有形容词修饰时，也不用冠词。结合选项，选项D符合题意。故选D。9．Our math homework really requires a great deal of _______.
A．concentration B．attraction C．appreciation D．notice
【答案】A
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的数学作业确实需要集中精力。A.concentration专心，专注；B.attraction 吸引力；C.appreciation 欣赏，感谢；D.notice注意，通知，察觉。结合句意可知，此处是数学功课需要专心，集中精力。故选A项。
10．He doesn’t have money now, _______, he would lend it to you.
A．if some B．if any C．if not D．if so
【答案】B
【详解】
考查省略句的用法。句意：他现在没有钱。如果有的话，他会把它借给你。A.if some
如果有一些；B.if any如果有；C.if not如果不；D.if so如果是这样的话。some常用在肯定句中，any 多用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中，表示“什么，一些，一点”。故选B。
二、完形填空
“Hi, Mrs. Grady,” said Mark, “Would you like us to shovel (铲除) your driveway?”
Mrs. G rady touched her hand to her heart. “That would be 11 , boys. I think the job is too much for me.”
“It will cos t 10 12 .” said Jamie.
“If that’s OK,” Mark 13 .
Shoveling was Jamie’s idea, a way to earn enough money for video games.
“Oh, dear.” Mrs. Grady sounded 14 . “I haven’t been able to get to the bank. I can 15 homemade cookies, but I real ize that’s not what you had in 16 .”
Mark was going to say Mrs. Grady could 17 them another time, but Jamie
18 . “We’ll come back later.”
As they walked through the snow off the 19 , Mark glanced over his shoulder. Mrs. Grady stood at her window, 20 them.
She didn’t look like the person who’d come to his 21 last summer when Mr. Dunn’s dog, Goldie, escaped from his backyard. Goldie had 22 wanted to play, but Mark didn’t feel 23 around big dogs. Mark tried to call for his dad, but his 24 seemed locked behind his teeth.
Mrs. Grady’s front door flew open. She ran across the street and slipped 25
Mark and the dog. She wasn’t much 26 than Mark, but she stood 27 as a rock in front of him. “Goldie, go home!” Then she swept a broom to 28 the dog along. “Get!” Goldie 29 .
When Mark’s father appeared, he said to Mrs. Grady. “That was very 30 ! Thank you.”
Mrs. Grady laughed. “It’s nothing. Good neighbors watch for each other, don’t they?”11．A．vital B．wonderful C．practical D．expensive 12．A．hours B．dollars C．days D．cookies 13．A．added B．advised C．bargained D．concluded 14．A．satisfied B．uninterested C．considerate D．disappointed 15．A．sell B．accept C．offer D．swap 16．A．need B．store C．mind D．common 17．A．pay B．reward C．visit D．save 18．A．turned up B．calmed down C．passed out D．broke in 19．A．backyard B．door C．driveway D．window 20．A．admiring B．watching C．scolding D．expecting 21．A．rescue B．treatment C．company D．shelter 22．A．just B．already C．well D．almost 23．A．confident B．comfortable C．different D．determined 24．A．mouth B．nose C．eyes D．tongue 25．A．under B．into C．between D．against 26．A．quicker B．taller C．cleverer D．healthier 27．A．straight B．attentively C．naturally D．firm 28．A．clean B．get C．come D．hurry
29．A．refused B．moved C．obeyed D．hesitated 30．A．brave B．generous C．confident D．optimistic
【答案】
11．B
12．B
13．A
14．D
15．C
16．C
17．A
18．D
19．C
20．B
21．A
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
26．B
27．D
28．D
29．C
30．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了两个想通过帮一位老人铲雪挣钱买计算机游戏的男孩，但是其中一个男孩想起这位老人曾经不顾一切地帮助他的事，他决定帮这位老人。
11．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那太好了，孩子们。我觉得这个工作对我来说太难了。
A. vital至关重要的；生气勃勃的；
B. wonderful很好的；精彩的；奇妙的；
C. practical 实际的；实用的；
D. expensive昂贵的。根据“I think the job is too much for me.”可知，铲雪这件事对于Mrs. Grady来说是很艰难的事，这两个小男孩愿意帮忙，对于她来说是再
好不过的事了。故选B。
12．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这将花费10美元。”杰米说。A. hours小时；B. dollars美元；C. days天；D. cookies饼干。根据“a way to earn enough money for video games”可知，此处是在跟老人谈价钱。故选B。
13．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果可以的话，”马克补充道。A. added补充；增加；B. advised 建议；C. bargained讨价还价；D. concluded得出结论。根据上文的“It will cost 10 dollars”said Jamie，而这里的主语是Mark，所以是Mark补充说。故选A。
14．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哦，亲爱的。”格雷迪太太听起来有些失望。A. satisfied 满意的；B. uninterested不感兴趣的；C. considerate考虑周到的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“I haven't been able to get to the bank. I can 5 hom emade cookies, ”可知，Mrs. Grady应该是很失望。故选D。
15．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以提供自己做的饼干，但我知道这不是你们想要的。A. sell卖；B. accept接受；C. offer提供；D. swap替换。根据“homemade cookies”可知，这里作为“报酬”，Mrs. Grady应该是“提供”家做的饼干。故选C。
16．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以提供自己做的饼干，但我知道这不是你们想要的。
A. need需要；
B. store商店；
C. mind心，头脑；
D. common普遍。根据上文“Shoveling was Jamie’s idea, a way to earn enough money for video games.”可知，自制的饼干不是这两个小男孩心中所想的报酬。故选C。
17．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马克本来想说格雷迪夫人可以改天再给他们钱，但杰米打断了。A. pay付款；B. reward回报；C. visit参观，访问；D. save救。根据“another time”可知，Mark想说Mrs. Grady可以下次付钱给他们。故选A。
18．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：马克本来想说格雷迪夫人可以改天再给他们钱，但杰米打断了。A. turned up出现；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. passed out晕倒，分发；D. broke in打断，闯入。根据““We’ll come back later.””可知，杰米打断了马克的话。故选D。19．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们穿过雪地离开车道时，马克回头看了一眼。A. backyard 后院；B. door门；C. driveway私人汽车道；D. window窗。根据上文“Would you like us to shovel (铲除) your driveway?”可知，此处是名词driveway的词汇复现。故选C。
20．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：格雷迪太太站在窗前，注视着他们。A. admiring钦佩；B. watching观看；C. scolding责骂，斥责；D. expecting期待。根据“Mark glanced over his shoulder.”可知，马克回头看到老人在注视着他们。故选B。
21．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她看起来不像去年夏天邓恩的狗戈尔迪从他家后院跑出来时救他的那个人。A. rescue救援，抢救；B. treatment治疗；C. company公司；D. shelter 避难所。根据下文“Good neighbors watch for each other, don’t they?”可知，老人去年夏天救过马克。故选A。
22．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：戈尔迪只是想玩，但马克在大狗身边觉得不舒服。A. just仅仅，只是；B. already已经；C. well好地；D. almost几乎。根据“but Mark didn’t feel
____13____ around big dogs”可知，but之前说明那只狗只是想玩玩。故选A。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：戈尔迪只是想玩，但马克在大狗身边觉得不舒服。A. confident自信的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. different不同的；D. determined下定决心的。根据“Mark tried to call for his dad, but his _____14_____ seemed locked behind his teeth.”可知，马克在大狗身边觉得不舒服。故选B。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克想叫他爸爸，但他的舌头好像被锁在了牙缝里。A. mouth 嘴；B. nose鼻子；C. eyes眼睛；D. tongue舌头。根据“seemed locked behind his teeth ”可知，Mark想设法叫他爸爸，但是他的舌头好像打结了。故选D。
25．
考查介词词义辨析。句意：她跑过马路，滑到马克和狗中间。A. under在……下面；B. into 进入；C. between在……之间；D. against反对，靠着。between…and…为固定用法，意为“在……之间”，她跑过大街，滑着站在Mark和狗之间。故选C。
26．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她并不比马克高多少，但她像一块岩石一样坚定地站在他面前。A. quicker更快的；B. taller更高的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. healthier更健康的。
根据“but she stood _____17_____ as a rock in front of him.”可知，她并不比马克高多少，却站在了他前面。故选B。
27．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她并不比马克高多少，但她像一块岩石一样坚定地站在他面前。A. straight直接；B. attentively专心地；C. naturally自然地；D. firm坚固地。根据“as a rock”可知，老人十分坚定。故选D。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她扫着扫帚催狗走。A. clean打扫；B. get得到；C. come 来；D. hurry匆忙。根据“she swept a broom”可知，她拖过一个扫帚匆忙把狗赶开。故选D。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：戈尔迪照办了。A. refused拒绝；B. moved移动；C. obeyed 遵守，服从；D. hesitated犹豫。根据“When Mark’s father a ppeared, he said to Mrs. Grady. “That was very _____20_____! Thank you.””可知，狗服从了老人的命令。故选C。30．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当马克的父亲出现时，他对格雷迪太太说。“真勇敢!”谢谢你。”A. brave勇敢的；B. generous慷慨的，大方的；C. confident自信的；D. optimistic 乐观的。根据上文“She wasn’t much ____16____ than Mark, but she stood _____17_____ as
a rock in front of him.”可知，此处是夸赞老人很勇敢。故选A。
三、阅读选择
The Hitchhiker’ s Guide to the Galaxy (HG2G) by Douglas Adams This is a comedy science-fiction series about a man’s adventures in space. It was initially a radio comedy broadcast on BBC Radio 4. It is extremely funny and inventive, and has a very British sense of humor, whose true meanings foreign readers can hardly make out though it has been translated into French and Italian and so on. But when I read it I feel a strong connection to my home. It was published in paperback by Pan Books, after BBC Publishing had turned down the offer of publishing a novelization, an action they later regretted.
The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett
Have you ever read a description of a landscape or countryside that made you feel like you were actually there? For me, this book does exactly that. It is about a young girl who is taken to live in a big house in my hometown and discovers a secret garden.
Daddy-Long-Legs by Jean Webster
This book takes the form of a series of letters, and follows the story of a young orphan(孤儿), Judy, as she goes to university and discovers a whole world of new experiences. This book always reminds me of my family, especially my mother, because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed.
The Railway Children by E. Nesbit
This was one of my favorite books when I was younger, and for this reason it still strongly reminds me of England and my childhood. It is also set in Yorkshire where I was born and spent my childhood, and follows three children living next to a railway and their adventures.
31．What do we know about HG2G?
A．It was based on true adventures.
B．Its language is abstract and inventive.
C．Its humor is hard for foreigners to understand.
D．It was adapted for radio after being published.
32．Which books are set in the same place?
A．Daddy-Long-Legs & HG2G.
B．The Secret Garden & The Railway Children.
C．The Secret Garden & HG2G.
D．Daddy Long Legs & The Railway Children.
33．What do all the books have in common?
A．They follow children’s adventures.
B．They are British countryside series.
C．They ref er to the author’s childhood.
D．They bring memories of home to the author.
【答案】
31．C
32．B
33．D
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。作者主要介绍了四本他喜爱的书。
31．
细节理解题。根据The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy这本书的介绍中的内容“has a very British sense of humor, whose true meanings foreign rea ders can hardly make out”可知，这本书的语言具有典型的英式幽默，外国读者很难理解其真正的含义。《银河系漫游指南》这本书中的幽默外国人很难理解。故选C。
32．
细节理解题。根据The Secret Garden这本书的介绍中的“It is about a young girl who is taken to live in a big house in my hometown（它是关于一个年轻的女孩住在我家乡的一所大房子里的故事）”和The Railway Children这本书的介绍中的“It is also set in Yor kshire where I was born and spent my childhood（故事发生在我出生和度过童年的约克郡）”可知，这两本小说的故事均发生在文章作者的家乡，即英国的Yorkshire，故选B。
33．
推理判断题。作者对这四本书进行介绍的时候分别提及“when I read it I feel strong connection to my home（当我读到它的时候，我感到与我的家乡有强烈的联系）” “in my hometown（在我的家乡）” “This book always reminds me of my family, especially my mother（这本书总是让我想起我的家人，尤其是我的母亲）” “reminds me of England and my childhood（让我想起了英格兰和我的童年）”，由此可知，当作者读这些书的时候，它们的故事内容会让作者想起自己的家乡，故选D。
As reported in JAMA Surgery, the researchers discovered that e-scooter (电动摩托车) injury rates had increased dramatically in just four years, rising from 6 per 100,000 in the population to 19 per 100,000. Of the estimated 14,651 e-scooter-related injuries in 2018,
4,658, or 32%, involved the head. “While most people re cover from head injuries, there is going to be a subset with long-term disability and life changes,” said Dr. Benjamin Breyer.
Dr. Benjamin Breyer of the University of California, Los Angeles, pointed to a 2019 analysis of the data from two hospitals in Southern California, which found just 4.8% of injured e-scooter riders were wearing helmets.
Dr. Joann Elmore, a professor of medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, believed that most e-scooter users are probably unaware of the risks. To make the point, she de scribed a photo taken by a colleague. “There were two riders on an e-scooter,” she said. “No one had shoes on. There were no helmets. And the woman in front had a baby in a baby carrier.”
The new report highlights the need for more research on new technologies, said Dr.
Guohua Li, a professor of epidemiology (流行病学).
“Just as there is a global network of experts working on infectious diseases, there needs to be a similar program devoted to the surveillance (监视) and prevention of injuries caused by merging technologies products and lifestyles, such as e-scooters, e-sports, etc.,” Li said in an email.
“The challenge for researchers and policymakers is to keep up with the ever-changing society and protect the public from unnecessary harm caused by new technologies and products without hindering innovation,” he added.
34．What can we know from the passage?
A．E-scooter injury rates had increased due to speeding.
B．32% of injured e-scooter riders weren’t wearing helmets.
C．There is a program devoted to the prevention of injuries caused by advanced technologies. D．Both protection and innovation are of great importance.
35．What does the underlined word “hindering” probably mean?
A．Preventing. B．Limiting.
C．Developing. D．Making progress.
36．What’s the author’s main purpo se of writing the passage?
A．To arouse people’s awareness of the risks and self-protection.
B．To introduce a new way of transport — e-scooters.
C．To ask people not to ride e-scooters any more.
D．To urge policymakers to make laws as soon as possible.
【答案】
34．D
35．B
36．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项调查结果——近几年来，驾驶电动摩托车的受伤率急剧上升。专家称，这项新的调查结果强调了需要对新技术进行更多的研究，既要保护公众不受到来自新技术和产品的危害，又要避免阻碍技术创新。
34．
细节理解题。根据最后一段““The challenge for researchers and policymakers is to keep up
with the ever-changing society and protect the public from unnecessary harm caused by new technologies and products without hindering innovation,” he added.(“研究人员和决策者面临的挑战是跟上不断变化的社会，要在不阻碍创新的情况下保护公众免受新技术和产品造成的不必要伤害，”他补充说)”可知，对民众的保护和创新同等重要。故选D。
35．
词句猜测题。根据提到的要建立监管和预防伤害的项目以及最后一段的“to keep up with the ever-changing society and protect the public from unnecessary harm caused by new technologies and products without hindering innovation(在不hindering创新的前提下，跟上日新月异的社会，保护公众免受新技术和产品带来的不必要伤害)”及常识可知，政策制定者保护公众免受新技术和产品带来的不必要伤害，又要不阻碍创新。由此推知，划线词hinder指“阻碍、妨碍”。结合选项：A. Preventing阻止；B. Limiting限制，阻碍；C. Developing发展；D. Making progress取得进步。故选B。
36．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Of the estimated 14,651 e-scooter-related injuries in 2018, 4,658, or 32%, involved the head. “While most people recover from head injuries, there is going to be a subset with long-term disability and life changes,” said Dr. Benj amin Breyer.( 2018年，据估计有14651起电动滑板车相关的伤害中，有4658或32%起涉及头部。“虽然大多数人都能从头部损伤中恢复过来，但仍有一部分人会长期残疾，生活也会发生改变，”本杰明·布雷耶博士说)”再结合下文提到要建立监管和预防伤害的项目可推知，作者写这篇文章旨在唤起人们的危险意识和自我保护意识。故选A。
When we look at a lovely baby, a puppy or a really cute kitten many of us want to squeeze it. Why is that?
According to a study published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, it’s a typical experience of “cute aggression”. The experience results from t he fight between the brain’s “emotion system”, which impels (驱使) people t o squeeze cute things, and its “reward system” which deals with feelings of “wanting”.
In the study, 54 participants between the ages of 18 and 40 were presented with four groups of photos. Two of the groups of photos were of cute human babies and animals and the other two were of less adorable adult humans and animals. As the participants looked at the photos, there searchers watched their brain activities.
According to the researchers, the participants reward systems were found to be active as they looked at the cute babies, and they seemed to be overwhelmed(征服的). By contrast, the
reward systems of the people looking at the less cute adults were found to be inactive, and they seemed to be less impelled by their reward systems.
This suggests that cute things activate their emotion systems in such a way that people are overwhelmed by the experience of cuteness. But reward systems work against these emotions by creating the desire to protect cute things.
As Katherine Stavropoulos, the lead researcher of this study at the University of California in the US told Science Alert, “The cute aggression is the brain’s way of ‘bringing us back down’ by balancing our feelings of being overwhelmed.”
Stavropoulos compared this process of balancing to an evolutionary adaptation. Such an adaptation may have taken place to ensure that people are able to continue taking care of creatures they consider particularly cute.
So, although cute babies and adorable animals may look completely helpless, their vulnerable( 易受伤害的) appearance may in fact help them to survive.
37．According to the text, “cute aggression” refers to .
A．the emotion of wanting to protect cute things
B．the task of emotion system and reward system
C．the adaptation of consistently taking care of cute creatures
D．the behavior of squeezing a cute baby or animal when seeing it
38．In nature, “cute aggression” is caused by .
A．the need of the brain to balance all feelings
B．the photos of cute human babies and animals
C．the vulnerable appearance of babies or animals
D．the conflict between emotion system and reward system
39．Which of the following statements about the study is TRUE?
A．Facial expressions of the participants were observed.
B．Katherine Stavropoulos conducted this study on her own.
C．Cute babies and animals affected brain activities of all the participants.
D．The participants were divided into two groups in order to make comparison. 40．What is the author's purpose in writing this text?
A．To persuade readers to protect cute animals.
B．To stress the significance of cute aggression.
C．To present research findings on cute aggression.
D．To share an interesting phenomenon with readers
【答案】
37．D
38．D
39．C
40．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于“cute aggression”的研究成果。
37．词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句When we look at a lovely baby, a puppy or a rally cute kitten many of us want to squeeze it.“当我们看到可爱的婴儿、小狗或拉力赛可爱的小猫时，我们很多人都想捏它。”由此可知“cute aggression”指的是看到可爱的婴儿或动物时捏它的行为。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段中The experience results from the fight between the brain’s “emotion system”, which impels (驱使) people to squeeze cute things, and its “reward system” which deals with feelings of “wanting”.“这种体验来自于大脑的“情感系统”和“奖励系统”之间的斗争，前者促使人们挤压可爱的东西，后者处理“想要”的感觉。”可知，在自然界中，“cute aggression”是由情感系统与奖励系统的冲突引起的。故选D。39．推理判断题。根据第四段中According to the researchers, the participants reward systems were found to be active as they looked at the cute babies, and they seemed to be overwhelmed(征服的).“研究人员称，当参与者看着可爱的婴儿时，他们的奖励系统被发现是活跃的，而且他们似乎不知所措。”可知，可爱的婴儿和动物影响所有参与者的大脑活动。故选C。
40．目的意图题。根据第六段As Katherine Stavropoulos, the lead researcher of this study at the University of California in the US told Science Alert, “The cute aggression is the brain’s way of ‘bringing us back down’ by balancing our feelings of being overw helmed.” 美国加州大学这项研究的首席研究员凯瑟琳·斯塔夫罗普洛斯告诉《科学警报》杂志，“可爱的攻击性是大脑通过平衡我们被压垮的感觉来‘把我们拉回来’的方式。”可知，本文的写作目的是展示关于cute aggression的研究结果。故选C。
四、七选五
Asking for feedback (反馈)is an essential step in your design process regardless of whether your work is finished or not. 41．You may do this in team meetings. You may do
this after a person stares at your works for two hours, or after you post what you’ve just created. But in your effort to improve, it’s vital to understand the characteristics that separate three types of feedback.
Reaction-based feedback tends to be casual and emotional. For example, “That’s wonderful!” Feedback of this type is driven by what a person thinks he is expected to say or what the designer wants to hear. 42．This kind of reaction has little to do with what is being presented.
43．For example, “You should include a wider range of colors and make them match.” That’s also where such feedback ends. In this f orm of feedback, the individual providing it is often looking for ways to bring the creation more in line with his own expectations for designs.
When you are designing something, you need to have a specific purpose. When looking for feedback, you are working to understand whether your creation appropriately meets the purpose.
44．And that’s exactly what is o ffered by a critique （批判性反馈）,the third kind of feedback. For example, “If the purpose is to attract kids, it is fantastic to have a colorful castle-like building. Don’t use dark cloth, and avoid large furniture.” Comment of this type helps you tell if your work has achieved the desired outcome. 45．
A．But feedback differs greatly in its usefulness.
B．Direction-based feedback begins with a suggestion.
C．Sometime you need to turn to others for their comments.
D．It’s this form of feedback that is most helpful t o your design.
E.You are looking for critical analysis for strengths or weaknesses.
F.Like emotional feedback, this next kind of feedback offers no explanation.
G.It is a response to the social demands of the situation rather than the needs of the designer.
【答案】
41．C
42．G
43．B
44．E
45．D
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章讲述了信息反馈的类型及其重要性。
41．考查段中句。根据空前“Asking for feedback is an essential step in your design process regardless of whether your work is finished or not.（无论您的工作是否完成，寻求反馈都是设计过程中的重要步骤。）”和空后“You may do this in team meet ings. You may do this after a person stares at your works for two hours, or after you post what you've just created.（您可以在团队会议中进行此操作。）”可知，C项（有时您需要寻求他人的意见。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。空后句子中的this指代的是该选项的做法。故选C项。42．考查段中句。根据空前“Feedback of this type is driven by what a per son thinks he is expected to say or what the designer wants to hear.（这种类型的反馈取决于一个人认为他应该说什么或设计者想听到什么。）”和空后“This kind of reaction has little to do wit h what is being presented.（这种反应与所呈现的内容无关。）”可知，G项（这是对当时情况的社会需求的回应，而不是对设计者的需求的回应。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的it指代的是本段提到的反馈类型。故选G项。
43．考查段首句。根据空后“For example, “You should include a wider range of colors and make them match.” That’s also where such feedback ends.（例如，您应该使用更多的颜色并使它们匹配。这也是反馈结束的地方。）”可知，B项（基于方向的反馈开始于提建议。）能够与下文连接通顺。空格后的句子是在举例子，与该选项的suggestion呼应。故选B 项。
44．考查段首句。根据空后“And that’s exactly what is offered by a critique, the third kind of feedback. For example, “If the purpose is to attract kids, it is fantastic to have a colorful castle-like building. Don’t use dark cloth, and avoid large furniture.”（这正是批判性反馈所提供的。例如，如果目的是吸引孩子，那么拥有色彩缤纷的城堡般的建筑真是太好了。不要使用深色布料并且要避免使用大型家具。）”可知，E项（您正在寻找对优点或缺点的批判分析。）能够与下文连接通顺。空后的举例子是从优缺点方面进行评价，这与该选项中的strengths和weaknesses相呼应。故选E项。
45．考查段尾句。根据空前“Comment of this type helps you tell if your work has achieved the desired outcome.（这种类型的评论可帮助您判断您的工作是否取得了预期的结果。）”可知，D项（这种反馈形式对您的设计最有帮助。）能够承接上文。该选项中的this form of feedback指的是本段提到的批判性反馈。故选D项。
【点睛】
七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空格处前后的内容，
然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现，代词的指代等。在本文中，第1小题：C选项中的it指代的是本段提到的反馈类型；第2小题：G选项中的it指代的是本段提到的反馈类型；第3小题：空格后的句子是在举例子，与B选项的suggestion呼应；第4小题：空后的举例子是从优缺点方面进行评价，这与E选项中的strengths和weaknesses相呼应；第5小题：D选项中的this form of feedback指的是本段提到的批判性反馈。
五、选用适当得单词或短语补全句子
选择适当的单词或短语并用正确的形式补全句子，使句子完整。（其中两项是多余的）
46．Whoever is the last one to leave the classroom must ensure that the lights __________. 47．He usually __________ some time to visit his old friends in the winter vacation. 48．The process of __________ to life in another country can be very difficult.
49．A gust of wind __________ the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.
50．A crime or scandal brings much notoriety (恶名) to those __________ in it. 51．Come visit me in Africa if you can, it will be an __________ experience. 52．Children progress quickly in the __________ of languages.
53．The soldiers __________ for their country and died without any regrets.
54．The land has been completely __________ by chemicals.
55．The medical research centre is pumping money into research to compare how well various __________ work for the disease.
【答案】
46．are switched off
47．squeezes out
48．adjustment/ adjustments
49．swept
50．involved
51．unforgettable
52．acquisition
53．bled
54．poisoned
55．treatments
【详解】
1.考查动词短语及语态。句意：最后一个离开教室的人，必须把灯关掉。根据设空前lights 可知，设空处用“关掉”，短语：switch off 意为“关（灯、机器等）”，lights与switch off 为动宾关系，所以动词短语要用被动语态，结合主语从句中的is，时态用一般现在时。所以设空处填are switched off。故填are switched off。
2.考查短语、时态和主谓一致。句意：他通常在寒假挤出一些时间去看望老朋友。根据设空后“some time to visit his old friends in the winter vacation.”可知，此处指在寒假中挤出时间看望老朋友，短语：squeeze out意为“挤出”，分析句子可知，设空处在句中做谓语，结合设空前He usually ，设空处用一般现在时且动词用单三形式；故填squeezes out。
3.考查名词。句意：在另一个国家适应生活的过程是非常困难的。根据句意及设空处前介词of，可知此处要用名词“适应”，adjust动词，意为“适应”，其名词形式为adjustment，既可用于可数名词，也可用作不可数名词，所以设空处填adjustment/ adjustments。故填adjustment/ adjustments。
4.考查动词及时态。句意：一阵大风把床从屋顶上刮下来，砸在下面的院子里。根据设空前“A gust of wind ”及设空后“the bed off the roof ”可知，设空处用“吹过”含义，动词sweep，意为“猛烈吹过”；同时，设空处在句中做谓语，结合“and sent it crashing into the courtyard below”可知，设空处用一般过去时，sweep的过去式为swept，故填swept。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：犯罪或丑闻会给参与其中的人带来恶名。根据句意，设空处要用动词“包含”，动词involve，意为“包含”；因句中已有谓语brings，所以设空处用非谓语；those和involve为动宾关系，所以involve用过去分词作后置定语，故填involved。
6.考查形容词。句意：如果可以的话，来非洲看我吧，这将是一次难忘的经历。根据设空处后名词experience，可知设空处用形容词。动词forget意为“忘记”，其形容词形式为forgettable/unforgettable，结合句意可知，此处指难忘的经历，所以填unforgettable。
7.考查名词。句意：孩子们在学习语言方面进步很快。根据句意及设空前冠词the，可知设空处填名词“获得”，动词acquire，意为“获得，得到”，其名词形式acquisition，意为“（知识、技能等的）获得，得到”，所以填acquisition。故填acquisition。
8.考查动词和时态。句意：士兵们为他们的国家流血牺牲，没有任何遗憾。根据句意可
知，此处用“流血”含义，分析句子可知，空白处在句中作谓语，结合“and died”，空白处用一般过去时。动词bleed，意为“流血”，其过去式为bled，故填bled。
9.考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：土地完全被化学物质污染了。根据句意可知，设空处用“被污染”含义，结合设空前The land has been，可知空白处填动词的过去分词。动词poison，意为“使中毒；污染”，其过去分词形式为poisoned。故填poisoned。10.考查名词及其复数。句意：医学研究中心正在投入资金进行研究，以比较各种治疗方法对该病的效果。根据句意及空白处前形容词various可知，空白处要用名词“治疗”含义且用复数，动词treat意为“治疗”，其名词形式为treatment，为可数名词。所以填treatments。故填treatments。
六、完成句子
56．因为担心这趟旅程，我好几天都觉得局促不安。
Worried about the __________, I was __________ for the first few days.
【答案】journey unsettled
【详解】
考查名词和形容词。分析可知，第一个设空处为介词about的宾语，应用名词，根据汉语意思，可知是journey；第二个设空处接在be动词后作表语，应用形容词，根据汉语意思，可知是unsettled，故填①journey②unsettled。
57．疲惫不堪，我一上床马上就睡着了。
__________, I __________ __________ bed and fell fast asleep.
【答案】Exhausted slid into
【详解】
考查形容词做状语、时态和短语。分析句子，结合后文的fell fast asleep可知，and之前的时态用一般过去时。短语：slide into bed意为“悄悄上床”，所以此处动词slide用过去式slid；动词exhaust表示“疲惫”，句子主语I和动词exhaust为动宾关系，因句子已有谓语，所以exhaust用过去分词exhausted用作形容词，表示主语的状态。故填
①Exhausted②slid③into。
58．被描绘成一个巨大的圆盘，它在宇宙中模仿地方重力慢慢地旋转。
__________ as an enormous round plate, it __________ slowly to __________ the pull of gravity.
【答案】Described spins imitate
【详解】
考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：被描述为巨大的圆盘，它缓慢旋转以“模仿”引力。
根据汉语提示“描述”“旋转”“模仿”可知，前半句是状语，使用非谓语动词作伴随状语，且逻辑主语it与之为被动关系，因此使用过去分词。故填①Described②spins③imitate。【点睛】
59．他和新老板的讨论会对他作为记者的生涯产生极大影响。
His discussion with his new boss was to __________ __________ __________ __________ as a journalist.
【答案】strongly influence his life
【详解】
考查副词、动词及名词短语。influence为动词，意为“影响”，名词短语his life，意为“他的生活”。形容词strong“强烈的，极大的”，根据设空前不定式to可知，其后要用动词原形，strong修饰动词，所以用副词形式strongly；故填①strongly②influence③his④life。60．他们必须通过调查来使自己得知故事错失的部分。
They must use research to __________ __________ __________ the missing parts of the story.
【答案】inform themselves of
【详解】
考查固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，us e…to do sth.是固定搭配，因此使用动词原形。再结合句意及主语they可知，设空处用固定搭配inform oneself of表“告知某人某事”之意，且主语they发出动作涉及宾语又回到本身使用反身单词。故填
①inform②themselves③of。
【点睛】
七、提纲类作文
61．假设你是学校学生会的一员，为了拥有一个更美好的校园，你发出了全员环保的倡议，并制作了如下图的海报。