56 Why To Mark a Book为什么要在书上做标记
1. You know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything.
I want to persuade you to do something equally<相等地>important in the course of<在…过程中> your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless<除非,如果不>you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.
1、你知道读书必须要阅读“字里行间的言外之意”,以求最充分的理解。我劝你在读书过程中做一件同等重要的事情;我劝你“在字里行间里写字”。不这样做,就达不到最有效的阅读效果。
2. I contend
2、坦率地说,我认为,在书上涂抹标记不是一种损毁行为,而是爱。
3. You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians
3、当然,你不应该在不属于你的书上做标记。借给你书的图书管理员(或者你的朋友)希望你保持书的整洁,你应该这样做。如果你认为我说的在书上做标记颇有益处这番话是对的,你就得自己买书。现在,绝大部分世界上的好书都有再版,我们很容易买到,并且价格合理。
4. There are two ways in which you can own a book. The first is the property right<财产所有权> you establish<建立,确立>by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes, and furniture<家具>. But this act of purchase<购买行为> is only the prelude
sense until you consume<吃光> it and get it into your bloodstream
4、一个人拥有书的方式有两种,第一种是花钱取得财产所有权,就像你花钱买衣服和家具一样。但是,这种购买行为仅是拥有书的前提。只有你将它化为自己的一部分后,你才完全占有了它;同时,把你自己融入书中的最好方法就是在书中写字。打个比方可能使这个观点更清楚。你买了一块牛排,把它从屠夫的冰箱里移到了你自己的冰箱里。但是,从最重要的意义上说,你并没有拥有这块牛排,除非你吃下它并将它吸收进你的血液之中。我的观点是,书的营养也必须应该被“吸收到血液”中,才能对你有所裨益。
5. Confusion
5、对于“拥有书籍”的真正含义的误解使人们错误地崇敬纸张、装订和铅字—这是对物质的崇敬-是崇敬印刷工人的技艺,而不是书籍作者的才华。他们忘记了,即使不在封面里贴上藏书票表明自己对书籍的拥有,人们也可以从一本伟大的著作中获得它的精神,领略它的美丽。一个好书房并不能证明它的主人学富五车;仅仅说明他、他的父亲或是他的妻子有钱买书而已。
6. There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers-unread, untouched. (This deluded
dogeared<书角卷起的>and dilapidated
6、书籍拥有者可以分为三种。第一种人拥有全部的标准成套书和畅销书--既没读过,也没碰过。(这种人占有的只是纸浆和油墨,不是书籍。)第二种人藏书很多--其中几本被通读过,大部分则浅尝辄止,但是所有的书都跟新买时一样整洁光亮。(这种人可能想使书籍真地为其所用,但因错误地过分关注书籍的外观而裹足不前。)第三种人藏书或多或少--因不断使用,每本书都书角卷起,破旧不堪,装订破损,书页松散,全书从扉页至末页都画满了记号,涂满了字句。(这种人才是书的真正拥有者。)
7. Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve<保护,保持>intact
7、你可能要问,将一本印刷精美、装帧雅致的书保存完好,难道也是不恰当的吗?当然不是。我绝不会在一本初版的《失乐园》上乱涂乱写,就像我不会把一幅伦勃朗的原作连同一盒蜡笔交给我的孩子任意涂抹一样!(no more…than 与…同样不)我决不会在一幅绘画或者一座雕像上做标记。可以说,它们的灵魂与它们的躯体是不可分的。而一本稀有版本的书籍或是图文并茂的卷册承载着一种美,这就像一幅绘画或一座雕像一样。
8. But the soul of a book can be separated from its body. A book is more like the score 乐队、合唱队的指挥>makes notations 8、但是,一本书的灵魂能够从它的躯体里分离出来。与其说它像一幅画,还不如说它更像一首乐曲的总谱。任何伟大的音乐家都不会将一首交响曲和一张印刷的乐谱相混淆。托斯卡尼尼非常崇敬博拉姆斯,但他的C小调交响曲的乐谱上画满了标记,以致只有大师本人才能看懂。为什么一个伟大的指挥家会在乐谱上做记号-甚至每次研究都会重复标记-其中的奥妙正是你应该在书上做记号的原因。如果你对华美的装帧和印刷的尊重妨碍你读书的话,就给自己买一种便宜的版本,同时对书的作者表达敬意就可以了。 9. Why is marking up a book indispensable 9、为什么在阅读过程中在书上做标记是必不可少的呢?首先,它会使你保持清醒。(我指的不是仅仅神智清醒;我的意思是它能使你全神贯注。)其次,如果阅读是一种能动的行为,那么它就是思考,而想法常常需借助口头的或书面的语言来表达出来。做过记号的书,通常是读者认真思考过的书。最后,写可以帮助你记住阅读时的思想,或作者所表达的思想。 10. If reading is to accomplish<完成,达到> anything more than passing time, it must be active. You can't let your eyes glide<滑动>across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary<普通的> piece of light fiction<消遣小说>, like, say,<比如说> Gone With the Wind, doesn't require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises<提出> and tries to answer great fundamental<根本的,基本的> questions, demands<要求,需要>the most active reading of which you are capable. You don't absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the songs of a popular singer. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while you're asleep<睡着的>. 10、如果阅读的目的不仅仅是消磨时间,那就应该是一种积极的思维活动,仅仅让你的眼睛在书上扫视一遍,你不可能对所读的内容有所理解。当然,一部普通的消遣小说,比如说《飘》,并不需要那种最积极的思维式的阅读。作为消遣的书,可以轻松地读而不会有所失。但一本思想丰富、文字华美,试图提出带根本性的重大问题并加以回答的伟大著作,则要求你尽可能地进行(be capable of v.能够)最积极的阅读。你不可能像欣赏流行歌曲那样领略杜威的思想。你要花力气才能获得,漫不经心是做不到的。 11. If, when you've finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know was President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also had the hardest schedule<时刻表,预定计划> of business activities of any man I know. He invariably 11、如果,你读完一本书的时候,书页上写满了你的批注,你就知道自己的阅读是积极的。我知道的最有名的采用积极方式阅读伟大著作的人是芝加哥大学的校长哈金斯。他也是我所知道的公务最繁忙的人。他读书时总是拿着铅笔。有时,当他在晚上拿起书和铅笔的时候,发觉自己并没有在做有意义的笔记,而是在页边空白处乱涂乱画一些他称之为“鱼子酱工厂”的东西。一出现这种情况,他就会放下书本。他知道自己太累了以致读不下去,(再继续看书)完全是在浪费时间。 课后练习: 1.I want to persuade you _______ something equally important in the course of your reading. A doing B to do C to doing D have done 2. There are two ways _____ you can own a book. A by which B of which C in which D with which 3. I am arguing that books must _____ your bloodstream to do you any good. A absorb in B be absorbed in C soak in D suck in 4. Confusion about ____ it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding and type—the craft of printer rather than the genius of the author. A which B that C what D whose 5. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without _____ his claim by ____ his bookplate inside the cover. A starting, pasting B staking, passing C staking, pasting D stake, paste 6. Having a fine library doesn’t prove that its owner has a mind _____ by books. A rich B colorful C enriching D enriched 7. The second has a great many books--a few of them read through, most of them ____, but all of them as clean and shiny as they ____. A dipped into, bought B dip into, were bought C dip into, buy D dipped into, were bought 8. A book is _____ like the score of a piece of music _____ it is like a painting. A no more, than B more, than C same, as D too, to 9. Why is marking up a book ____ to reading? A dependable B indispensable C dependent D disposal 10. A book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading _____ you are capable. A to which B of which C by which D to what 2016年. 【农民】__theirland. 丧失 ,__provedthathewasn'tworkinghardenough.非限制性定语 倒装句 Athens同位语 翻译:奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26英里,385码.大约为马拉松到雅典的距离 ,wedecided totakethetrain.完成被动的非谓语动词形式 与…打成一片 【记录】theplain【平常的,简单的】facts【事实,真相】ofsmalltownlife. 非谓语动词 抚养 :为了 ''tknowmorethanyoudo. ''llmoveinsoonandweneedtobuy__furniture. 【药方】 【生物学家】doesnotmerely【仅仅】describe【描述】organisms【有机物】,buttriestolearn__actastheydo. "Hashecomeback....Yes,he__back forthreedays. 【32课】同位语 翻译:生态学,即研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学,在石油地质中也很重要。 ,theearth__coveredbywater.【55课】虚拟语气 翻译:如果所有的大陆和山脉被推平,那么地球表面将被一层超过12000英尺深的水所覆盖。 "veryhappy".【5课】 翻译:拥有五个或更多亲密朋友的人自认“非常快乐”的机会高出他人50%。【不协调的,不相配的】withgoodhealth. ' ' 2017年 .【31课】 翻译:老人把手浸在盐水里,努力保持头脑清醒。 虚拟语气(过去相反) 翻译:Smith上周非常忙,否则他就去看你了。 . 非谓语动词 翻译:她需要买所有的东西,她将要离开市场,在小镇的街上再花费一个小时。 翻译:我很感激三年前给我的出国工作的机会。 ,__isclearfromtheexpressionsonhisface.【模拟三】as引导的非限制性定语从句翻译:他得了第一名,他脸上的表情清楚地表明了这一切。 . 【大纲原句】 翻译:直到后来他们才意识到发生了多么可怕的事情。 ,airtrafficcontrollersrelyonradar. 翻译:为了追踪机场航行中的飞机,空中交通控制台要用雷达。 ……to:太……而不能 36 To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命 (be content with 对…满足;lot n. 命运) 1. Peter Hessler described two lifestyles and asked his Chinese students to choose the one they preferred, either a very long yet<但是> ultimately 模拟试題一 I. Vocabulary Sectio n A Directions: There are 10 in complete senten ces in this secti on. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE an swer that best completes the sentence and mark your an swer on the an swer sheet. 1.1 could just see a car in the dista nee, but I could n't __ what color it was. A. make out B. look to C. look out D. take in 2. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been ___ A. imposed B. exposed C. composed D. opposed 3. You should these tables and buy new ones. A. throw off B. throw dow n C. throw up D. throw away 4. _____ their suggestions we will discuss them fully at the next meeting. A. In regard for B. In regard t o C. With regard of D. Regardless for 5. On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with ________ e ye. A. n aked B. bare C. flesh D. pure 6. Many new _____ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. A. opport un ities B. n ecessities C. probabilities D. realities 7. I found myself completely ____ by his vivid performanee. A. carried out B. carried off C. carried away D. carried on 8. Although the exam in atio n he had passed was uni mporta nt, his success ___ him in his later study. A. persuaded B. promised C. urged D. en couraged 9. This is the first time you have been late. A. un der no circumsta nces B. on no acco unt C. by no means D. for no reas on 10. The taxi had to _ because the traffic light had turned red. A. set up B. catch up C. shut up D. pull up Secti on B Directi ons: There are 10 senten ces in this sect ion. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keep ing the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the an swer sheet. - II. The roof of the house was practically falling in and the front steps were rotting away. A. almost B. esse ntially C. always D. convenien tly 4 How to Negotiate<谈判> with Americans 如何与美国人谈判 1.美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想,并且在未来几年内还将保持。但是无论是谁,想要在美国取得成功,都必须记住游戏的规则。 2.美国的商业,在《纽约,纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的:“如果你能在这里取得成功,你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!” 但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的,但是它同时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。 3.沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。双方谈判的时候,闲聊和微笑是很重要的。美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。(that 引导定语从句,可以译为:美国人自由地使用幽默感,这种幽默感比英国人更加直接。)如果你和美国人谈话,要很放松并且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。 4.美国人不拘礼节。商业伙伴不会在他们的名片上写他们的毕业院校。会议期间会提供一些用塑料瓶或盒子装的三明治和饮料。你的生意伙伴很可能会在办公室随意地做一些事情或聊他们的家庭。 5.“时间就是金钱”这种态度在美国的生意场上的影响力比其他任何领域都强。在简单的寒暄之后,美国谈判双方很快地切入主题,甚至社会上举办的联欢会都会被利用来讨论生意。 6.美国人做生意很注重实效,他们就是想赢。相比之下,发展与商业伙伴的个人关系(与得到的谈判结果相比)就不是那么重要了。 7.而且美国谈判者想最快地获得结果。金融情况时刻受到关注(或直译为“财务业绩每季上报”),这对在短期内保证收益很重要。因此,许多美国契约在前言里面包含“时间就是生命”这一条款。所以美国人谈判很性急,但这不应该被理解为无礼,而是因为“时间就是金钱”的理念在起作用。 2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试 课后练习及答案 目录 1.SIX GOLDEN RULES FOR MEETING MANAGEMENT主持会议六大准则(2016新增) (2) 2. NETWORK SECURITY 网络安全(2013版) (2) 3 .ALL I LEARNED IN KINDERGARTEN 幼儿园所学的... . (4) 4. HOW TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICANS 如何与美国人谈判(2013版) (5) 5.CARBON-BASED ALTERNATIVE 碳基替代燃料(2010版) (7) 6. AUTOMATIC AUTO: A CAR THAT DRIVES ITSELF 无人驾驶汽车(2013版) (9) 7 OUR FAMILY CREED 家族的信条(2007版) (11) 8 THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (13) 9. OIL AND GAS GENERATION油气生成(2016版新增) (16) 10.THE DRESS CODE FOR OFFICE LIFE办公室的着装礼仪(2016版新增) (16) 1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则(2016新增) 课后练习: 1.If you are asked to chair【主持,椅子】a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting ____. A. treatment B.requirement C.management D.improvement 2.If you begin on time, group members who ____ late will realize the value of time. A.bring up https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc3312118.html,e up C.dress up D.show up 3. You may need to refer back to【查阅,重新提及】an issue ____ was discussed during the meeting at a later date. A.that B.what C.who D.where 4. ____, we often hear only what we want to hear, rather than【而不是】really listening to other people. A.Traditionally B.Additionally C.Conditionally D.Exceptionlly 5.Many times important issues can get sidetracked【转变话题的】in a meeting, _____ when everyone has a different opinion about the topic. A.essentially B.entirelly C.extremely D.especially 6. If you ____ a conflict【冲突】prior to【在……之前】the meeting, discuss the issue with participants【参与者】in advance【提前】. A.anticipate B.participate C.preserve D.announce 7. If an unanticipated【不曾预料到的】conflict develops once the meeting is in progress 【进行中】, either appoint a subcommittee【小组委员会】to ____ the problem A.look into B.look on C. look over D.look through 答案:1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6A 7A 2. Network Security 网络安全(2013版) 课后练习: 1.Internet ____ theft 【失窃】is a growing—and very costly【昂贵的,expensive】—problem A.identify B.identity C. identical D.identification 花了一天时间做了一份真题答案,特做几点申明: 1、仅为参考答案,由于水平问题,可能与每个人的答案会有出入,见仁见智吧,毕竟官方不给出标准答案。 2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索,尽可能地找到原题出处,实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。 3、每题后列出了题目出处,并做出简单解析。前40题错误应该不多,阅读理解部分无法保证全对。 中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析 I. Vocabulary Section A Directions: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet. 1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties. A. unconscious B. thrive C. severe D.prudent 【参考答案】C 【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的 unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的 thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达 severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的 prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的 2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids. A. lie B. boast C. secretive D. feel awkward 【参考答案】B 【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。【释义】brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂 lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于 boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪的东西) secretive adj.(思想、情感等)不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的 feel awkward 为难;作难;犯难 3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger. A. continue B. hurry C. begin D.discontinue 【参考答案】D 【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。原题:The employee had to break off the conversation in order to wait on his manager. (discontinue) 【释义】break off v.断绝;折取;把…折断;使脱落 continue v.持续;延伸;继续存在;不断发生 hurry v.赶快;(朝某方向)迅速移动;催促(某人);迅速处理 59. Forest Fires: a Major Disaster 森林大火:可怕的灾难 1.The United States Forest Service<林业局>defines a wildfire<野火,山火>as “any fire that b urns uncontrolled in vegetative 2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析 I. Vocabulary Section A Directions: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet. 1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties. A. unconscious B. thrive C. severe D.prudent 【参考答案】C 【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的 unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的 thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达 severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的 prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的 2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids. A. lie B. boast C. secretive D. feel awkward 【参考答案】B 【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。【释义】brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂 lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于 boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪的东西) secretive adj.(思想、情感等)不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的 feelawkward 为难;作难;犯难 3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger. A. continue B. hurry C. begin D.discontinue 【参考答案】D 【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。原题:The employee had to break off theconversation in order to wait on his manager. (discontinue) 【释义】break off v.断绝;折取;把…折断;使脱落 continue v.持续;延伸;继续存在;不断发生 hurry v.赶快;(朝某方向)迅速移动;催促(某人);迅速处理 begin v.开始;启动;起始;开始存在(或进行) discontinue v.停止;终止;中断;终止(生产) 2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案 花了一天时间做了一份真题答案,特做几点申明: 1、仅为参考答案,由于水平问题,可能与每个人的答案会有出入,见仁见智吧,毕竟官方不给出标准答案。 2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索,尽可能地找到原题出处,实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。 3、每题后列出了题目出处,并做出简单解析。前40题错误应该不多,阅读理解部分无法保证全对。 中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析 I. Vocabulary Section A Directions: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet. 1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties. A. unconscious B. thrive C. severe D.prudent 【参考答案】C 【释义】harsh adj.残酷的;严酷的;严厉的;恶劣的 unconscious adj.无知觉的;昏迷的;不省人事的;无意识的 thrive v.繁荣;茁壮成长;蓬勃发展;兴旺发达 severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的 prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的 2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids. A. lie B. boast C. secretive D. feel awkward 【参考答案】B 【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。【释义】brag v.吹嘘;自吹自擂 lie v.躺;说谎;撒谎;在于 boast v.自夸;自吹自擂;有(值得自豪的东西) secretive adj.(思想、情感等)不外露的;惯于掩藏自己的;有城府的 feel awkward 为难;作难;犯难 3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger. A. continue B. hurry C. begin D.discontinue 【参考答案】D 45 How to Become a Scientist 怎样才能成为一名科学家 1.Looking back at the time,nearly seventy years ago,when the love of science took hold of<吸引,控制住>me,I think of no big event but of many small things that influenced me.As a child I read books and learned lessons,but I did not have much curiosity<好奇>about the natural world<自然界>.This began to change when I looked at the stars.In Australia,where I grew up,the skies are often clear.I learned to recognize the stars and the constellations 52 Sales Promotion 产品促销 1. Sales promotion consists of those promotional activities<推销活动>other than<不同于,除了,绝不是>advertising, personal selling, and publicity<宣传>. As such<因此>, any promotional activities that do not fall under<归入…类> the other three activities of the promotion mix are considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the term indiscriminately 40 Fundamental<基本的> Techniques in Handling<处理> People 处理人际关系的基本技巧 1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying<奄奄一息地躺在> in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging<寄住的,暂住的> house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched<伸展> diagonally2019中石油职称英语考试历年单选汇总2016-2018年.pdf
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