中石油2016通用英语选读课文04

4 How to Negotiate<谈判> with Americans

如何与美国人谈判

1.美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几年内还将保持。但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。

2.美国的商业，在《纽约，纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!”但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的，但是它同时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。

3.沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。双方谈判的时候，闲聊和微笑是很重要的。美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。（that 引导定语从句，可以译为：美国人自由地使用幽默感，这种幽默感比英国人更加直接。）如果你和美国人谈话，要很放松并且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。

4.美国人不拘礼节。商业伙伴不会在他们的名片上写他们的毕业院校。会议期间会提供一些用塑料瓶或盒子装的三明治和饮料。你的生意伙伴很可能会在办公室随意地做一些事情或聊他们的家庭。

5.“时间就是金钱”这种态度在美国的生意场上的影响力比其他任何领域都强。在简单的寒暄之后，美国谈判双方很快地切入主题，甚至社会上举办的联欢会都会被利用来讨论生意。

6.美国人做生意很注重实效，他们就是想赢。相比之下，发展与商业伙伴的个人关系（与得到的谈判结果相比）就不是那么重要了。

7.而且美国谈判者想最快地获得结果。金融情况时刻受到关注（或直译为“财务业绩每季上报”），这对在短期内保证收益很重要。因此，许多美国契约在前言里面包含“时间就是生命”这一条款。所以美国人谈判很性急，但这不应该被理解为无礼，而是因为“时间就是金钱”的理念在起作用。

8.因为战略合作和其他的长期项目都是以其潜在的快速投资回报率来进行评价的，这种态度会对谈判有很大的影响。(本句也可译为：“时间就是金钱”的这种态度对谈判具有很大的影响，因为，战备合作和其他的长期项目都是以获得快速投资回报的潜能来进行评价的。)

待>.

9.亚洲人谈判的时间历来很长，这也是为什么美国和亚洲的很多企业合作起来却没有达到预期效果的一个主要原因。

10.当你在美国经商时，以下的这些事情是值得考虑一下的。

11.引导一个高水平的、专业的谈判，并借助于艺术手段将谈判内容呈现出来，这在美国很受欢迎。你应该制定一个谈判议程，甚至是一个协定草案。谈判将会在准备充分、平和、实事求是的和实用的状态中进行，整个过程充满幽默。

12.在介绍自己公司情况的时候，要很积极。对自己公司的产品、服务和在市场上的地位都不要说得太谦虚。相反要釆取一种乐观进取的态度，让对方觉得你能行。

13.还有，不要被你的谈判合伙人放松的沟通方式所误导。诸如宗教、政治或种族背景等，这些问题一定要慎重提及，即使是在私人的交谈中也应如此。

14.这种不拘礼节的态度并不意味着在美国的公司中没有等级制度。相反，每个人的身份地位会以一种非常微妙的方式表现出来，而要真正理解这种表达方式是需要一定时间的。

课后练习：

1. Its business culture, has brought the world "shareholder value" and "IPOs", commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so.

A. which; has leaded

B. which; has been leading

C. that; has leaded

D. that; has been leading

2. Yet a euphoric approach business is by no means enough.

A. into

B. with

C. to

D. on

3. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time focused.

A. ruthless

B. ruthlessly

C. ruthlessness

4. a personal relationship with the business partner is not as important as results.

A. Developing; getting

B. Developing; to get

C. To develop; getting

D. To develop; to get

5. For this reason, many US contain the provision "time is of the essence" within their preamble.

A. contacts

B. contents

C. contends

D. contracts

6. The negotiation will in a well-prepared, calm and pragmatic manner, all laced a substantial dose of humor.

A.proceed; with

B. process; with

C. process; in

D. proceed; in

7. Present and market your case in a way.

A. negative

B. positively

C. negatively

D. positive

8. Religion, politics or ethnic background should be touched on .

A. cautiously

B. cautiousness

C. cautious

D. caution

9. Do not your negotiating partners' relaxed style of communication.

A. are misled by

B. misled by

C. be misled by

D. be misled

10. The casual attitude in the US does not mean no hierarchy in US companies.

A. that is

B. there is

C. there are

D. that are

中石油2016通用英语选读课文36To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命

36 To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命 （be content with 对…满足；lot n. 命运） 1. Peter Hessler described two lifestyles and asked his Chinese students to choose the one they preferred, either a very long yet<但是> ultimatelyaverage<平常的，平均的>and uneventful life, or a very exciting, fun-filled life that only lasted 24 years. Almost all of his 20 something<大约，左右> year old students chose the first option. This surprised Peter because, from his experience with American youths, he was sure the Americans wouldn't have chosen a long, uneventful life. 1、彼得?赫斯勒请他的中国学生在以下两种生活方式中选择其一：一种是平庸却长寿，另一种是只能活24年却享乐无比。那些20岁左右的学生们几乎都选择了第一种生活。彼得十分惊讶，在他看来美国青年并不会如此一致地选择平庸但长寿的生活（可译为：这令彼得十分惊讶，因为以他对美国青年的经验，他认定他们不会选择平庸但长寿的生活）。 2. The Chinese traditionally think an uneventful, but long life is better than a short life full of fun and adventure. There's even an idiom<习语>for the traditional Chinese attitude, "A good death is worse than a lazy life." This saying<谚语>reveals<显示，揭露>a deeply ingrained sense of optimism<乐观> and acceptance of fate<宿命>. It's nothing at all like the Western idea of heroes made through tragedy. 2、无聊无趣但天长地久地活下去，好过冒生命之险求得享乐的短命，这似乎是中国传统的价值观(直译为：具有传统观念的中国人认为：平凡但长寿要好过沉浸于快乐与冒险的短寿)。有习语为证：“好死不如赖活着。”它透露出根深蒂固的乐观与宿命。与英雄产生于悲剧的西方价值观完全不同(It's nothing at all；at all 根本；完全，用于否定句中)。 3. 30 years ago, at the beginning of China's reform<改革>, a group of intellectuals<知识分子>believed the acceptance of one's lot would hurt the growth of the People's Republic<中华民族>. The way they saw it, the Westerners' "seafaring culture<航海文化，蓝色文明>" had allowed them to expand<扩展，扩张> and advance while China's "agrarian culture<耕地文化，黄土文化>" had shut the country off from the world and kept it focusing on itself. 3、30年前改革开放之初，一批知识分子认为乐天知命、安于本分的传统观念有害于中华民族的发展。在他们看来，西方的“蓝色文明”使其开放、进步；（allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人作某事）而中国的“黄土文化”使之封闭、守旧（shut off 切断；keep

中石油2016通用英语选读课文

4 How to Negotiate<谈判> with Americans 如何与美国人谈判 1.美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几年内还将保持。但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。 2.美国的商业，在《纽约，纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!” 但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的，但是它同时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。

3.沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。双方谈判的时候，闲聊和微笑是很重要的。美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。（that 引导定语从句，可以译为：美国人自由地使用幽默感，这种幽默感比英国人更加直接。）如果你和美国人谈话，要很放松并且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。 4.美国人不拘礼节。商业伙伴不会在他们的名片上写他们的毕业院校。会议期间会提供一些用塑料瓶或盒子装的三明治和饮料。你的生意伙伴很可能会在办公室随意地做一些事情或聊他们的家庭。

5.“时间就是金钱”这种态度在美国的生意场上的影响力比其他任何领域都强。在简单的寒暄之后，美国谈判双方很快地切入主题，甚至社会上举办的联欢会都会被利用来讨论生意。 6.美国人做生意很注重实效，他们就是想赢。相比之下，发展与商业伙伴的个人关系（与得到的谈判结果相比）就不是那么重要了。 7.而且美国谈判者想最快地获得结果。金融情况时刻受到关注（或直译为“财务业绩每季上报”），这对在短期内保证收益很重要。因此，许多美国契约在前言里面包含“时间就是生命”这一条款。所以美国人谈判很性急，但这不应该被理解为无礼，而是因为“时间就是金钱”的理念在起作用。

2016中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第1-10课-课文精讲

2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试 课后练习及答案 目录 1.SIX GOLDEN RULES FOR MEETING MANAGEMENT主持会议六大准则（2016新增） (2) 2. NETWORK SECURITY 网络安全(2013版) (2) 3 .ALL I LEARNED IN KINDERGARTEN 幼儿园所学的... . (4) 4. HOW TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICANS 如何与美国人谈判(2013版) (5) 5.CARBON-BASED ALTERNATIVE 碳基替代燃料（2010版） (7) 6. AUTOMATIC AUTO: A CAR THAT DRIVES ITSELF 无人驾驶汽车(2013版) (9) 7 OUR FAMILY CREED 家族的信条（2007版） (11) 8 THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (13) 9. OIL AND GAS GENERATION油气生成（2016版新增） (16) 10.THE DRESS CODE FOR OFFICE LIFE办公室的着装礼仪（2016版新增） (16)

1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增） 课后练习： 1.If you are asked to chair【主持，椅子】a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting ____. A. treatment B.requirement C.management D.improvement 2.If you begin on time, group members who ____ late will realize the value of time. A.bring up https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b9059288.html,e up C.dress up D.show up 3. You may need to refer back to【查阅，重新提及】an issue ____ was discussed during the meeting at a later date. A.that B.what C.who D.where 4. ____, we often hear only what we want to hear, rather than【而不是】really listening to other people. A.Traditionally B.Additionally C.Conditionally D.Exceptionlly 5.Many times important issues can get sidetracked【转变话题的】in a meeting, _____ when everyone has a different opinion about the topic. A.essentially B.entirelly C.extremely D.especially 6. If you ____ a conflict【冲突】prior to【在……之前】the meeting, discuss the issue with participants【参与者】in advance【提前】. A.anticipate B.participate C.preserve D.announce 7. If an unanticipated【不曾预料到的】conflict develops once the meeting is in progress 【进行中】, either appoint a subcommittee【小组委员会】to ____ the problem A.look into B.look on C. look over D.look through 答案：1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6A 7A 2. Network Security 网络安全(2013版) 课后练习： 1.Internet ____ theft 【失窃】is a growing—and very costly【昂贵的，expensive】—problem A.identify B.identity C. identical D.identification

中石油2016通用英语选读课文59Forest Fires-a Major Disaster森林大火-可怕的灾难

59. Forest Fires: a Major Disaster 森林大火：可怕的灾难 1.The United States Forest Service<林业局>defines a wildfire<野火，山火>as “any fire that b urns uncontrolled in vegetativeor associated flammablematter,”and it divides the causes of wildfire in to nine general categories:lightning<闪电>,campfire<篝火>,smoking,debris burning(fires from clearing land or from burning trash<垃圾>，range，stubble，meadow<草地牧场>,rights-of-way<通行权，开路权，破路权>,logging slash,etc.),incendiary(fires willfullyset),equipment use(except railroad),railroad,children(under 12),and miscellaneous<其他adj混杂的>. 1.美国林务局如此定义山火：“任何在有植物或是相关的易燃物品上燃烧并无法控制的火灾”。山火的原因被分为九类：闪电、篝火、抽烟、废物燃烧（为了清除土地上的树木，或是燃烧垃圾、烧荒、开路、燃烧植物断株和砍伐剩余物等而引起的大火）、纵火（故意所为）、设备使用（不包括铁路火车）、铁路、儿童（12岁以下）以及其它。 2.Wildfires in this country occur at the rate of hundreds per day,and they destroy tens of millions of acres<英亩>of productive<肥沃的，多产的>land in any given year.Direct damage<直接损失>to timber<木材>and property<特性，财产>is reckoned in<计入，将…计算在内> the hundreds of millions of dollars per year,but no monetary value<币值，货币价值> can be assigned<指定的，赋值的> to the loss of human life and of wildlife that often accompanies<伴随…同时发生，陪伴> wildfires. 2.美国每天都有几百起的森林火灾发生，烧毁了几百万公顷的肥沃土地，对于伐木业和财产造成的损失每年高达几百万美元，然而它对人类和野生动物造成的生命损失是无法用金钱来衡量。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b9059288.html,ernment statistics<统计>for a typical five-year period<周期>are both interesting and revealing.They can be broken down to show many aspects of the wildfire problem,among<其中> them two which are especially significant<重要>:the leading causes of wildfire and the total acreage burned by wildfire. 3.官方以五年为周期进行统计，其结果很有趣，也揭示了一些问题。这些数字可以从

中石油2016通用英语选读课文45How to Become a Scientist怎样才能成为一名科学家

45 How to Become a Scientist 怎样才能成为一名科学家 1.Looking back at the time,nearly seventy years ago,when the love of science took hold of<吸引，控制住>me,I think of no big event but of many small things that influenced me.As a child I read books and learned lessons,but I did not have much curiosity<好奇>about the natural world<自然界>.This began to change when I looked at the stars.In Australia,where I grew up,the skies are often clear.I learned to recognize the stars and the constellations,and I chose a book about astronomy for a school prize<奖品>in 1931.The stars are there,you cannot change them,you can learn about them only by measuring<测量> their positions and analysing the light that comes from them.But they taught me a lesson in science when I learned about the solar system <太阳系>and was able on a clear night to picture<想象> myself as a mote on a rotating<旋转> globe<地球>,carried along the earth’s orbit<轨道> and looking outward. 1.回想过去，大约70年前，占据我身心的是对科学的热爱，我想不出有什么影响我的重大事件，而是想到了许多影响过我的小事。当我作为一个孩子开始读书上学时，对自然界并没有多少好奇心。后来我开始观察天上的星星，情况就发生了改变。我是在澳大利亚长大的，那里的天空经常是晴朗的，我学会了辨认星星和星座。1931年，我在学校获奖，在学校准备的各种奖品中我选择了一本关于天文学的书。星星就挂在天上，你不能改变它们，但你能够通过测定它们的位置和分析它们射来的光，掌握有关它们的情况。当我了解了太阳系，并在晴朗的夜空里把自己设想成旋转的地球上的一粒微尘，被地球带着沿着它的轨道观察天空时，这给我上了一堂科学课。 2.I began to be interested in chemistry soon after<不久>that.And at school my chemistry teacher was able to interest his class and he encouraged us to think and experiment.At that time one could buy small amounts of many common chemicals and I made a little laboratory at home,with improvisedequipment<简易的设备>,to study chemical reactions<化学反应>.I soon discovered that the organic<有机的> chemicals were the most interesting.With the help of a textbook on practical<实用的> organic chemistry I made many preparations<准备工作>,using cheap chemicals to prepare those that were too expensive for me to buy.This was more satisfying than astronomy,you can change things by your own effort<努力>.At that time I was rapidly losing<迅速的失去> my hearing,so I suppose that the work attracted me also for its impact on the other senses<感觉>:the beauties of crystals<晶体> and distilled liquids<蒸馏液>,the colours of dyes,and smells both good and bad.As a carpenter or a carver

中石油2016通用英语选读课文52 Sales Promotion产品促销

52 Sales Promotion 产品促销 1. Sales promotion consists of those promotional activities<推销活动>other than<不同于，除了，绝不是>advertising, personal selling, and publicity<宣传>. As such<因此>, any promotional activities that do not fall under<归入…类> the other three activities of the promotion mix are considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the term indiscriminately. Businesspersons may use the term “promotion” when they actually mean “sales promotion.”For purpose here, promotion is a broad term that encompassessales promotion as well as the other three promotional activities. 1、产品促销指的是不同于广告、个人销售和宣传的推销活动。因此，不属于以上三种推销活动的推销活动都被认为是促销。实际生活中经常不加区分地使用这一概念。商务人员在说“推销”时，实际上指的是“促销”。本文中，推销是一个广义的概念，它包括促销以及其他三种推销活动。 2. The techniques<手段，技巧> of sales promotion are varied and numerous. The common ones used are coupons, sweepstakes, games, contests, price-offs, demonstrations<示范>, premiums, samples, and money refund<返还，退还>offers. A combination of these can be used and sometimes is used in the same campaign<运动>. 2、促销的手段多种多样，数不胜数。普遍运用的手段有附在商品上的赠券、各种抽奖活动、游戏、竞赛、降价销售、产品示范、各种奖励、样品试验以及钱款返还承诺等等。在同一推销活动中，多种手段可以结合使用，有时也确实结合使用。 3. Sales promotion is temporary<暂时的，临时的> in nature<实际上>. Not being self-sustaining<自我持续>, its function is to supplement<补充> advertising, personal selling, and publicity. To launch<投入，开展> Budweiser beer in Great Britain, Anheuser-Busch employed<利用，运用，雇佣>the “American”theme<主题，题目，话题>. Its TV commercialson the 4th of July and Thanksgiving Day<感恩节> were spotsfilmed in California with American actors. To supplement its advertising effort, the company used a variety of sales-promotion techniques. It made posters, bunting, flags, pennants,

中石油2016通用英语选读课文40Fundamental Techniques in Handling People处理人际关系的基本技巧

40 Fundamental<基本的> Techniques in Handling<处理> People 处理人际关系的基本技巧 1. On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying<奄奄一息地躺在> in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging<寄住的，暂住的> house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. Lincoln's long body lay stretched<伸展> diagonally across a sagging<下陷的，下垂> bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction<复制品，仿制品> of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismalgas jet<煤气喷嘴，煤气火焰>flickered<发出> yellow light. 1.1865年4月15日清晨,亚伯拉罕.林肯奄奄一息地躺在福特戏院对面一家廉价客栈的卧房里。约翰·威尔克斯·布斯枪杀了他。那张下陷的床对身材修长的林肯而言实在太短了。床的上方，挂着一件罗莎·邦赫的名画《马市》的廉价仿制品，一盏阴暗的煤气灯发出惨淡的黄晕。 2. As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, "There lie s the most perfect ruler<元首，统治者> of men that the world has ever seen." 2.当林肯奄奄一息地躺着时，陆军部长斯坦顿说：“躺在这里的，是世界上有史以来最完美的元首。” 3. What was the secret of Lincoln's success in dealing with people? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and devoted<投入>all of three years to writing and rewriting<润色> a book entitled<书名叫做> Lincoln the Unknown. I believe I have made as detailed and exhaustive a study of Lincoln's personality<个性，人格，人品> and home life as it is possible for any being to make. I made a special study of Lincoln's method of dealing with people. Did he indulge in<热衷于，沉湎于>criticism? Oh, yes. As a young man in the Pigeon Creek Valley of Indiana, he not only criticize d but he wrote letters and poems<诗> ridiculing people and dropped these letters on the country roads where they were sure to be found. One of these letters aroused<引起> resentmentsthat burned for a lifetime. 3.林肯待人方面成功的秘诀是什么？我花了十年的时间研究亚伯拉罕·林肯的一生，并投入(devote to + n. / doing sth)了整整三年的时间写作和润色一本叫做《林肯不

中石油2016通用英语选读课文20

20 A World without Oil 假如世界上没有石油 1. Have you ever stopped to think how your life would change if the world ran out of<用完，用尽> oil? Take a look at your day. The roof of your home is probably made waterproof<防水的> by an oil product, bitumen<沥青>. The same product is used for the road surface outside your home. Before you leave to go to work or school, just examine your surroundings<周围的环境>. Is the room warmer than the cold air outside? Oil, or electricity<电力> from oil-fed generators<燃油发电机> may be keeping you comfortably warm. If you are comfortably cool in a tropical climate, your air conditioning unit<空调器> may also depend on oil-fed generators. 1.你曾想过没有，如果世界上用尽了石油，你的生活会发生什么样的变化呢？请看一看你的日常生活。你家的屋顶可能是用一种叫沥青的石油产品做成防水的。沥青同样可用来铺你家外面的路面。在你离家去上班或上学之前，请观察一下你周围的环境。房间里会比外面冷空气暖和吗？这是石油或由燃油发电机发出来的电使你感到舒适温暖。如果你在炎热的气候里感到舒适凉爽，那么你家的空调器可能也是靠燃油发电机工作的。 2. In the kitchen and the bathroom you will probably see some plastic<塑料的> fittings<器具> such as tiles<瓷砖，瓦片> and working surfaces; polystyrene<聚苯乙烯> cups; curtains<门帘>made from synthetic<合成的> materials; disinfectants<消毒剂> and detergents<去污剂>. All owe their origin to the oil known as petroleum (Latin/Greek 'petra', rock, and Latin 'oleum', oil), found deep in the earth. Look inside the medicine cupboard for more petroleum

中石油2016通用英语选读课文22The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系

22The Germanic Languages 日耳曼语系 1. Most people have heard of the Tower of Babel<巴别塔> story in the Bible<圣经>. According to this story, long ago all people spoke the same https://www.doczj.com/doc/2b9059288.html,ter, however, they were punished<惩罚，处罚> by speaking a great number of different tongues<语言>. Today, there are literally<照字面意义，逐字地> thousands of different languages (defined as mutually<相互地> unintelligible<难解的> tongues) around the world, though many are related to one another. Indeed, the two largest language families, the Indo-European (the language family with the largest number of speakers) and Sino-Tibetan (containing the Chinese languages, Thai, Vietnamese, and Tibetan) include hundreds of languages with over half the world's population. 1. 大多数的人都听过圣经中巴别塔的故事。故事称很久以前，人们说的是同一种语言。但是，后来人们遭受惩罚，而开始说各种不同的语言。今天，全世界真是有好几千种不同的语言（此处指的是彼此无法相通的语言），虽然其中语言彼此都有所关联。的确，这两个最大的语系，印欧语系（最多人使用的语系）和汉藏语系（包括华语、泰语、越语和西藏语），涵盖了几百种不同的语言，使用者也超过了全世界半数的人口。 2. Because there are so many languages within the above two super-categories<种类，类别> of language families,linguists<语言学家> have further divided these linguistically<语言上地，语言学上地> rich and geographically<地理上地>diverse<不同的> families into sub-groups<次级语系>, one of which, the Germanic language group, has the second-largest number of speakers (Chinese being first). Within this group of over 500,000,000 speakers is the world's foremost<

中石油2016通用英语选读课文33What Do Parents Owe Their Children父母欠子女什么

33 What Do Parents Owe<欠> Their Children 父母欠子女什么？ 1. If I had to select<选择，挑选> a word that best describes the majority of American parents, that word would be guilt-ridden<内疚>. How sad it is to see parents become the willing victims<牺牲者> of the "give-me game", only to discover that, no matter what they do, it isn't enough. In the end, they are despised<轻视，蔑视>for their lack of firmness<坚定> and blamed<责备>when their spoiled<宠坏的> children get in trouble. With this in mind, I shall first answer this question:" What do parents owe their children?" and I shall start with what they don't owe them. 1. 如果我必须挑选一个词，来描述美国的大多数父母，这个词便是“内疚”。目睹父母们甘愿做“给我游戏”的牺牲者是很令人伤心的。但我们发现无论他们怎么做，都还是不够。到最后，父母们都会因自己的软弱而受到蔑视，因他们宠坏的孩子惹出事端而受到责备。认识到这些，我们应该首先回答这个问题：“父母欠子女些什么？”而我首先要从他们不欠子女什么谈起。 2. Parents don't owe their children every minute of their day and every ounce<一点儿，盎司> of their energy. They don't owe them round-the-clock<时时刻刻的全天候的> car service, singing lessons, tennis lessons, expensive bicycles, a motorcycle or a car when they reach sixteen, or a trip to Europe when they graduate<毕业>. 2. 父母不必把分分秒秒、点点滴滴的精力都花在孩子们身上。不必时时准备替他们开车外出，不必让他们上音乐课或网球课，不必给他们买很贵的自行车、摩托车、或在他们满十六岁时给他们买汽车，也不必在他们毕业时出钱让他们去欧洲旅游。父母并不欠子女这些。 3. I take the firm position<确信>that parents do not owe their children a college education. If they can afford it, fine; they can certainly send them to the best universities. But they must not feel guiltily<内疚地> if they can't. If the children really want to go, they'll find a way. There are plenty of loans<贷款项目> and scholarships<金学金>for the bright and eager who can't afford to pay. 3. 我还确信父母并不欠孩子高等教育的费用。如果付的起，很好，他们当然可以将子女送进一流大学。但付不起亦无须感到愧疚。假如子女们真愿意上大学，他们自己会

中石油2016通用英语选读课文27When You Travel to a Large City旅行在都市

27 When You Travel to a Large City 旅行在都市 1.For many travelers there is nothing like a big city.The big cities of a nation offer things that are usually not found in other places.Outstanding<杰出的、显著地> museums,plays,music, and dance groups are examples.Shops that seem to<似乎、好像> sell everything under the sun,great buildings,famous businesses,and very fine restaurants also are common<普遍>. 1.对许多游客来说大城市是独一无二的。一个国家的大城市总是奉献给人们在其他地区绝对找不到的东西，奇妙的博物馆、戏剧、音乐、舞蹈等。在商店里似乎可以买到世上任何东西，高楼大厦、著名企业、有名的餐馆等更是随处可见。 2.For many travelers,therefore<因此>,the city is the place to be.Yet<然而>,for some,the city has become a place to fear<害怕、恐惧>.They see the city as a place with too many people,too much traffic,and yes,too much crime<犯罪率>. 2.因此，城市让一些人向往；而大城市的人满为患、交通拥挤，当然还有居高不下的犯罪率，又令人们感到恐惧。 3.Nobody can deny<否认>that such problems are there or that the traveler has to deal with<处理>them in some way<在某种程度上>.But these problems need not keep the visitor from enjoying the many good things that cities have to offer. 3.没人会否认这些问题的存在，游客们也必须学会应对它们，但这并不影响游客们去享受城市带给他们美妙。 4.Here are a few suggestions and safety rules which can help the visitor to have more fun and fewer worries.Keep them in mind the next time you travel to a large city so that you can make the most of your visit. 4.下面这些建议和安全提示可以帮助游客们减少担忧，从而尽情享受。当您下次到大城市旅行时，记住这些小贴士，你就可以充分享受你的旅行。 5.Choose a hotel which has a good reputation<声誉>.Don’t choose just any place from a list of hotels and prices.Try to talk with<与…交谈> someone who has been there. 5.选择一家口碑好的酒店。不要只凭名字和价格来做决定，尽量找一些曾经住过那里的人，听听他的意见。 6.If you are planning to drive to a city for the first time,figure out<计算出、规划> your route in detail<详细的> ahead of time<提前>.Mark<标出>it carefully on a map,or write out<写出> the directions<方向> very carefully. 6.如果你计划第一次就自驾车旅行，请提前尽量详细地规划路线，在地图上仔细地标注出来，或是把路线方向写出来。 7.Park your car in the garage<车库>of your hotel or in a regular<正规的> parking garage.It is almost impossible to be sure of finding street parking.And your car will be safer