中译英
疲劳超速酒后驾驶谨防行车三大隐患
酒后驾车是导致车祸发生的罪魁祸首之一。因酒后驾车酿成的交通事故，其中有许多造成人亡车毁，有的甚至群死群伤。这正是：“司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪”。酒后车祸的悲剧在人生舞台上一次次重演，而依旧有人铤而走险, 致使酒后车祸的悲剧有增无减。应该加大执法和惩罚的力度, 在事故多发点要加强巡逻。
俗语说：“十次事故九次快”，所以要“宁停三分，不抢一秒。”心急地赶时间、争强好胜、寻找刺激是产生超速行驶的心理特征。超速行驶不仅会使避免撞车更加困难，而且会使撞车的可能性和严重性增大。车速越高，方向的操纵性越差，一旦遇到紧急情况，很难控制车辆的速度和方向。要更广泛地应用高科技手段如电子眼来捕捉超速驾驶者。
睡眠不足是造成疲劳驾驶的主要因素。如果驾驶员一天驾驶超过10小时以上，而睡眠不足4.5小时，则事故率最高，睡眠不足导致驾驶过程中不断打哈欠、频繁揉眼睛、手脚不灵活等。因此，充足的睡眠对驾驶来说是十分重要的。闷热的天气极易导致驾驶疲劳，统计发现，疲劳驾驶和酒后驾驶导致的交通肇事已超过超载、超速等，成为“马路新杀手”。
此外，还有很多其他不遵守交通法规的现象，比如打手机，无证驾驶、闯红灯、尾随、在车流中穿行甚至逆行的现象也时有发生。许多司机在车里挂满了各种装饰物，这也会影响注意力的集中，成为一种潜在的危险。新技术给汽车带来的安全措施往往会被驾驶员的不良行为所抵消，所以，通过加强宣传教育提高驾驶人员的素质便成为关键的问题。
中译英
Watch out the Three Major Threats to Drivers: Fatigue, Speeding and Drunk Driving
作者：geoffhan
Drunk driving is one of the major culprits for car accidents, many of which would cause the loss of cars and lives, or even multitude deaths and injuries. As people put it, “One drop of liquor by the driver leads to a river of tears of his family.” Time and again, people witnes s these tragedies caused by drunk driving. However, there are still people risking their lives with it, and such tragedies keep on increasing in stead of decreasing. More efforts are needed to enhance the execution of traffic regulations and penalties, and traffic patrolling should be reinforced at accident-prone locations.
As a saying goes, “Nine out of ten accidents are the consequences of speeding.” Therefore, one “should wait for three minutes rather than rush for one second’s gain”. Speeding is the re sult of rushing for time, car racing or seeking for thrills. Speeding not only makes it more difficult to avoid a car crash, but will increase the probability and severity of a car crash. The faster one drives, the harder it is to control the directions. In case of emergency, it is very difficult to control the speed and direction of the vehicles. High-tech devices such as electronic cameras should be more widely used to capture the speeders.
Lack of sleep is the main cause of fatigue driving. The accident rate is the highest when the driver has been on the road for more than 10 hours with less than 4.5 hours of sleep. Lack of sleep makes one yawning or rubbing his eyes and slow in response while driving. Therefore, sufficient sleep is very important to driving. People can easily get fatigue in hot temperature. According to statistics, accidents due to fatigue and drunk driving have become the new “road killers”, surpassing those due to overloading and speeding.
In addition, it is not uncommon to see other violations of traffic regulations, e.g. using mobile phones while driving, driving without a license, ignoring the traffic lights, following the car in front too closely, traversing in the river of cars or even against it. Many drivers hang all kinds of small things in their cars, which can be distracting and present potential risks. Safety measures brought by the new technologies are often offset by the misconducts of the drivers. Therefore, it has become the key issue to improve the quality of the drivers through campaigns and education.
参考译文中译英
Drunk-driving, Drowsy-driving and Speeding
Drink and drive is one of the leading causes of traffic fatalities. Many of the traffic accidents related to alcohol have caused severe deaths and damage, sometimes the road toll figure in each case is in a fairly large number. Just as they say: “When a man mixes drink with drive, he is likely to bring tears to his wife.”Although such tragedies caused by drunken driving have happened time and again, unfortunately some people are still heedless of the danger.The accident fatalities caused by drunk driving have not abated. Therefore, it is necessary to devote more resources to enhance the enforcement and to impose heavier fines and punishment. More police officers must be put on patrol at the traffic “black spots”.
People say: “Of all the traffic accidents that have occurred nine out of ten is due to driving too fast.”So it is wise to follow the rule of thumb:“Rather be late than never”. Worrying about time, trying to show off, and seeking stimulus are all psychological factors contributing to driving in excessive speed. Speeding reduces the time a driver has to avoid a collision and increases the likelihood and severity of the crash. The higher the speed is, the less flexible the wheel will be. Once there is an emergency, it is very difficult to maneuver. It is suggested that technological advances, such as video cameras (also known as "photo radar"), should be used more widely to target and trap aggressive, speeding drivers.
Insufficient sleep is a major cause for drowsy driving. If a driver who has slept less than 4.5 hours keeps driving for 10 hours, he is in for the highest accident probability. Lack of sleep will make him keep yawning, rub his eyes repeatedly, and reduce the dexterity of his limbs. Therefore, sufficient sleep is very important for drivers. Sultry weather condition is highly apt to make drivers feel tired/suffer from fatigue. Statistics show that drowsy driving and drunken driving far outweigh overloading and speeding, thus becoming new killers on the road.
In addition, there are many other phenomena against traffic law and regulations, such as using cell phones behind the wheel, driving without a license, running red lights/breaking red traffic lights, tailgating, drifting from or jerking back into lanes, and driving against the traffic flow –all of these are quite common occurrences nowadays. And many drivers have a lot of in-car tech toys which can distract the driver from the road. This is also a hidden danger. Since every safety advantage conferred by technology can be eroded by a driver’s irrational behavior, the key issue is thus to enhance publicity and education through outreach activities to improve drivers’personal qualities.
（丁衡祁）
专家点评中译英
贯彻“学以致用”的原则（Learn and Use）
从交上来的部分答卷来看，有少数翻译的比较好，但普遍存在以下几个方面的问题：一是对基本英语的词汇的掌握不够扎实；二是对基本语法知识的运用不够准确；三是对英语的习惯用法不够敏感灵活；四是不太善于开展学习研究；五是仔细认真、精益求精的精神还有些欠缺。《中国翻译》今年9月第五期发表了我的一篇文章，题目是：《汉英翻译实践是一个再创作的过程》。我建议大家看一看这篇文章，它对提高汉英翻译水平会有一定的帮助。
这个短篇的内容是关于开车，其中大部分语言都可以从互联网上找到相应的英语原文。例如，我们可以在网上找到如下内容：超速行使speeding; 酒后驾车drink and drive, drunk driving, driving drunk, drunken driving, driving under influence (DUI); 疲劳驾驶drowsy driving, driving drowsy, fatigue driving …
我主张贯彻“学以致用”的原则，先学习和掌握好英语原文中的语言，然后再把学到的东西应用到自己的翻译中去，这样可以大幅度地提高我们翻译英语的质量。这样做看起来好像挺麻烦，实际上是“磨刀不误砍柴工”。应该说这是提高汉英翻译水平的一条捷径，也是一条必由之路。
如果养成了把学到的东西应用到自己的翻译中去的习惯，你的英语水平大大地提高了，那么你要翻译地道的、带有中国特色的语言也就不会感到困难，而且翻译出来的效果也会比较好。
l.例如，我们翻译“司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪”时就会受到mix drink with drive这种说法的启示，从而得到这样的翻译结果：
“When a man mixes drink with drive, he is likely to bring tears to his wife.”
如果要保持中文原有的特色“一滴酒”和“两行泪”, 那么我们就可以这样表达：
One drink of alcohol on the part of the driver can result in two lines of tears for his families.
如果想要在形式上做到整齐对称，我们还可以这样翻译：One drink of alcohol muddles up the brain of the driver：two lines of tears stream down the faces of his families.
有位参赛者的翻译是：‘A driver drinking a drop of wine, the family shedding two lines of tears.’
还有一位翻译成“drivers’sip, others’sob”, 非常简练，但可以稍加改进：The driver’s sip is his family’s sob.
再比如，“宁停三分，不抢一秒”可以意译为“rather be late than never”。
如果要直译，那么可以说：Three minutes’wait is safe, one second rush is risky. 或者It pays to stop to wait for three minutes rather than rush to gain one second。
有几位翻译很不错：One should wait for three minutes rather than rush for one second’s gain. /‘It’s better to stop for three minutes than vie for a second.’/ So it is safe to “stop three minutes rather than rush for one second”.
有人把“宁停三分，不抢一秒”翻译为“stop, revive, survive”，这应该算是一个亮点，因为这是英语里的地道的表达方式。但是，“stop, revive, survive”的意思和用法同“宁停三分，不抢一秒”并不完全一样。“宁停三分，不抢一秒”指的是不要因抢时间而快速行驶；而“stop, revive, survive”是指在开车过程中感到疲劳困倦的时候，要停下来休息一下，以恢复精神，保证安全：If you feel sleepy while driving, it is wise to a dopt the “stop, revive, survive” policy.
NOTES
1．drowsy-driving
这次之所以选择这个题目是因为公路上许多英语标识是不符合英语习惯的，比如把“请勿疲劳驾驶”翻译为”Don’t drive tiredly”; 按照交通法规术语应该翻译为Drowsy driving is dangerous 或Drive alert, arrive alive. 再如，有的人把“追尾危险”说成是Avoid collision（避免/以防碰撞）。实际上“追尾危险”翻译成英文应该是：Don't Tailgate - it's a risk to you too! 这些都是专门的用语，有它习惯的表达方式，不能照字面意思来翻译。
2．traffic fatalities
Car accidents are also called traffic accidents, auto accidents, road accidents, road traffic accidents (RTA in many police forces' terminology) and motor vehicle accidents. There is a debate about the use of the word accident in the context of motor-vehicle incidents. Some road traffic safety authorities have started using alternative expressions such as car crashes, car wrecks, collisions or incidents in an attempt to educate drivers and emphasize that many incidents are entirely avoidable. From Wikipedia -- the Free Online Encyclopedia
E.g. : Seven people were rushed to hospital after a five-car crash on one of Sydney's busiest roads early today. - Sydney Morning Herald Online.
3．road toll figure: 交通安全事故方面的统计数字
4．mix drink with drive：Drunkness and Driving: A Dangerous Combination
5．“在人生舞台上一次次重演”不必翻译成repeatedly performed on the life stage. 署名
geoffhan的卷子的翻译是：Time and again, people witness (have witnessed) these tragedies caused by drunk driving.
6. heedless of the danger：不顾危险，铤而走险
7．black spots：盲点，盲区
8．avoid a collision：避免/防止（正面或侧面的）碰撞。
Seven injured people were rushed to hospital after a five-car collision.
9．Behind/at the wheel: driving the car
TEENAGERS BEHIND THE WHEEL: Should mandatory driver education and training classes be enforced in order to diminish teenage motor vehicle accidents?
Millions Drive Drowsy And Fall Asleep At The Wheel, Says New Poll; National Sleep Foundation Issues Wake-Up Call to ... Fall asleep at the wheel 17 percent of adult drivers report dozing off while driving at least once in the past year ...
10. tailgating: 尾随following the vehicle in front too closely
Never Tailgate: If you’re driving a car or pick-up truck, the general rule-of-thumb is to allow at least 2 seconds between you and the guy ahead of you. That usually gives you adequate time to stop or slow down in the event of some emergency ahead. However, if you’re driving your RV, it would be better to allow 4 seconds or more between you and that guy in front of you. The weight of your rig dictates longer stopping distances.
11. drifting from or jerking back into lane: zigzagging through the lanes / zigzagging across traffic lanes 频繁地变换车道，在车流中穿行（这里是指开车，不是指行人）
12. driving against the traffic flow: 逆行；注意下面contraflow的用法（公路维修时临时设置的逆行车道）：
Contraflow -- a temporary traffic arrangement, usually on a motorway, in which traffic travelling in both directions uses one side of the road while the other side is being repaired:
- A contraflow is in operation/in force between junctions 13 and 14 on the motorway. Contraflow lane reversal is a program designed for quick emergency evacuation of an area. Incoming highway lanes to a city are changed to outbound lanes. This doubles the number of lanes available for outbound evacuation traffic. Crossover sections are used to move outgoing traffic to these lanes. All incoming traffic is blocked until the end of the program. Usually, the term is used to refer to reversal of lanes which are normally only configured for travel in one direction; changing the configuration of reversible lanes such as for rush hour is not normally considered contraflow lane reversal.
Contraflow lane reversal is usually done to freeways and other controlled-access roadways. Use of contraflow lane reversal is generally considered to be an emergency measure only, as the contraflow lanes (and any associated ramps at interchanges) lack proper signage, signals, and other traffic control devices needed to orderly conduct traffic in the opposite direction. Generally, a significant number of police officers, or other officials, are needed to manually direct traffic
during a lane reversal (especially at interchanges, where ramp traffic in the wrong direction must intersect with other roadways operating normally). From Wikipedia -- the Free Online Encyclopedia
13. confer = bring about: High rank does not necessarily confer the rights to lord over the people.
14. erode = set off，counteract 抵消; 腐蚀；使减少
Erode的意思是“腐蚀；逐渐消蚀掉；使……减少、减弱或消失”，例如：The sea erodes the rocks.（海水侵蚀岩石。）Long enduring peace often erodes popular resolution.（长期的和平常会腐蚀大众的信心。）
15. outreach activities：开展一些全面铺开的活动
Our outreach activities encompass broad interactions with the general public as well as specific groups.
（丁衡祁）
参考译文: (1) 美国人的空间与中国人的场所 美国人有空间意识，没有场所概念。如果你去住在郊外的美国人家中作客，你要做的第一件事几乎总是不由自主地走向观景窗。说来真怪，你在主人屋内首先赞扬他屋外的景色多么美！主人很高兴你会欣赏他屋外的远景。远方的地平线不仅仅是天地间的分界线，而且是未来的象征。美国人不会扎根于他的寓所，不管这寓所多么舒适：他的目光被辽阔的空间引向地平线上的一点，那是他的未来。 相比之下，来看看中国人传统的家。四周围着光秃秃的墙壁，外面是个院子，院角可能有个小花园。一进入这样一个私家小院，你就会置身于一种静谧、优美的氛围之中，那房舍、小径、石头、花草构成了一个井然有序的小天地。可是你看不到远处的风景：你前面没有任何开阔的空间，唯一的开阔空间是头顶上的天空。中国人扎根于他的场所之中。 (2) AA制（各自付账） 随后便出现了一度称作妇女解放的运动。我这一代女性宣称我们要求平等。说我们不想让别人为我们开门，我们不想让别人替我们付账。突然间，让男人请去饮酒进餐被认为是一种侮辱，认为这是男人们让我们安分守己的阴谋，所以我们拿出自己的支票簿，各付各的账。这是一个多么大的错误啊！如果我顺其自然地同意别人为我付钱的话，不仅可以省下很多钱，而且还省去了许多烦恼。我常常整顿饭都在考虑账单来了怎么办？我是否应该表示付一半？如果我不这样做，他是否期待我会吻他或……如果是他付账，我还能吃龙虾吗？在我知道如果他接受了我提出的付一半的提议而这时我又会感到失望时，提出付一半的建议又有多少是真诚的呢？如果他的钱没有我的钱多，账单全部由我付吗？ 翻译练习(1): The growth of e-trade during the past few years is, without doubt, the most formidable development in the history of commerce —and there seems to be no foreseeable slowing down. The speed of penetration of this medium into every commercial media is almost incomprehensible to even the most ardent cyber-enthusiasts. Not since the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century has development so dramatically altered the path of human behavior. The possibilities of further developments seem literally without limits. Future cyber applications to business, not even explored, seem to have no boundaries. Nor are these developments restricted to interface with current desktop and laptop computers. The increasing appearance of wireless appliances, such as cellular phones, not to mention the infinite means of transmitting and distributing messages from one point to another and the continuing miniaturization of equipment, promise to alter our means of doing commerce throughout the world. Who knows what other, never before invented communication media will surface tomorrow and in the next few years? The impact of this technical revolution is having on retail commerce and on the means we have come to associate with traditional retail marketing is felt more and more every day. It is likely to revolutionize the relationships marketers have with retailers, their channels of distribution, their suppliers, their advertising agencies and their ultimate consumers. Marketers will need to examine how the rocketing cyberspace developments will affect their
Golden Fruit https://www.doczj.com/doc/b619123763.html,ne Of the fruits of the year I give my vote to the orange. In the first place it is a perennial -- if not in actual fact, at least in the greengrocer's shop. On the days when dessert is a name given to a handful of chocolates and a little preserved ginger, when macedoine de fruits is the title bestowed on two prune s西梅干and a piece of rhubarbs大黄, then the orange, however sour, comes nobly to the rescue; and on those other days of plenty when cherries and strawberries and raspberries 木莓and gooseberries 醋栗riot together upon the table, the orange, sweeter than ever, is still there to hold its own. Bread and butter, beef and mutton, eggs and bacon, are not more necessary to an ordered existence than the orange. It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues of the orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, for whoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellent substitute with the young for a cricket ball. The pip can be flicked at your enemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide for an old gentleman. But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on. ….. With the orange we do live year in and year out. That speaks well for the orange. The fact is that there is an honesty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad -- for the best of us are bad sometimes -- it begins to be bad from the outside, not from the inside. How many a pear which presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. How many an innocent-looking apple is harbouring a worm in the bud. But the orange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shopman so before he slips it into the bag.
1.The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israeli’s right to exist. 1967年的联合国文件呼吁解决中东冲突，其基础是以色列从被占领的土地上撤退，阿拉伯国家则承认以色列人的生存权。 2.The growing awareness by millions of people of their intolerable condition of life had promoted them to revolt. 千百万人民日益意识到，自己的生活条件不堪忍受，这促使他们起来反抗。 3.She said this with provocative glance and a gleam of teeth. 她说这话时挑衅地看了一眼，还把牙一呲。 4.Modern English polite society seems to me as corrupt as consciousness of culture and absence of honesty can make it. 英国现代上流社会，据我看来，已经被有文化却无廉耻的人们尽其能事地弄到最腐朽的程度。 5.Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. 我兴奋得说不出话来。 6.My shock and embarrassment at finding mother in tears on Wednesday was a perfect index of how little I understand the pressures on her. 星期三发现妈妈哭了，我感到震惊和窘迫，这说明我对妈妈身上的压力多么的不理解。 7.And there is also the objection that the city has always been the core from which cultural advancement radiated. 同时也有人反对说，文化的进步始终是以城市为中心向外传播的。 8.Classification always requires the arrangement of the same kind of information, often in its lists or column. For this work, correctness, accuracy and speed as in all office work, are essential. 分类工作始终需要将同样的资料加以整理，往往是将它们列表和分栏。对这种工作来说，像所有的办公室工作一样，正确性、准确性和速度是必不可少的。 9.He stepped right in after them, like it or not. He was determined that nothing should keep him from a chance of enlightenment. 他不管他们喜不喜欢，紧跟着他们走了进去，决心不错过这个机会，把心里的问题弄个明白。 10.His new car made him the envy of every boy in the neighborhood. 他有一辆新车，这使他成为邻里孩子羡慕的对象。 11.The president was assassinated in a theatre last night. 昨晚总统在剧院遇刺。 12.The speed of the molecules is increased when they are heated. 当分子受热时，分子的速度就增加。 13.The novel has already been translated into many languages. 这部小说已译成了好几种语言。 14.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 书有可浅尝着，有可吞食着，少数则需咀嚼消化。 15.Some pictures were hung on the wall. 墙上挂了一些画。 16.A considerable investment has been made in the exploration of the sea depths. 在海底勘探方面进行了巨额投资。
高考语文文言文翻译练习 班级考号姓名总分 1.阅读下面的文段，翻译文中句子。(10分) 咸宁二年冬十月，以羊祜为征南大将军。祜上疏请伐吴，帝深纳（接受，赞同）之。而朝议方（正）以秦、凉为忧，祜复表曰：“吴平则胡自定，但当速济（完成）大功耳。”议者多有不同，祜叹曰：“天下不如意事十常居（占）七八。天与（赐予）不取，岂非更（经历）事者恨（遗憾）于后时哉！（状语后置）”唯度支尚书杜预、中书令张华与帝意合，赞成其计。四年夏六月，羊祜以病求入朝，既至，帝命乘辇入殿，不拜而坐。祜面陈伐吴之计，帝善（认为……好）之。以（因为）祜病，不宜数（多次）入，更（又）遣张华就（去）问筹策（筹算，谋划，策略）。 (节选自《通鉴纪事本末·西晋灭吴》，有删改) (1)天与不取，岂非更事者恨于后时哉！ 译文： (2)以祜病，不宜数入，更遣张华就问筹策。 译文： 2.阅读下面的文段，翻译文中句子。(10分) 神爵元年三月，诸降羌及归义羌侯杨玉（注），背畔（通“叛”）犯塞，攻城邑，杀长吏。时赵充国年七十余，上老（认为……老）之，使丙吉问：“谁可将（做将领）者？”充国对曰：“无逾（超过）于老臣者矣。”上遣问焉：“将军度（估计）羌虏何如（怎么样）？当用几人？”充国曰：“兵难遥（在远方）度（预测），臣愿驰至（快马赶到）金城，图（绘地图）上方略（作战方略）。愿陛下以属（托付，委托）老臣，勿以为忧。”遣充国将（率领）之，以击西羌。充国常以远斥候（侦察兵）为务，行必为战备，止（停止，扎营）必坚6使……坚固）营壁，尤（特别）能持重（行事慎重，谨慎稳重），爱士卒，先计而后战。遂（于是）西至西部都尉府，日（每天）飨（犒劳，慰劳）军士，士皆欲为用（为他所用）。 (节选自《通鉴纪事本末·赵充国破羌》，有删改) 【注】杨玉，西汉时先零羌首领，初归附汉，被封为归义羌侯。 (1)兵难遥度，臣愿驰至金城，图上方略。 译文： (2)遂西至西部都尉府，日飨军士，士皆欲为用。 译文： 3.阅读下面的文段，翻译文中句子。(10分) 曾巩，字子固，建昌南丰人。中嘉祐二年进士第（及第），出通判越州。岁饥（饥荒），度（估计）常平[注]不足赡（救济），而田野之民，不能皆至城邑。谕告（张贴告示）属县，讽（规劝，劝说）富人自实（如实上报）粟，总十五万石。视（看）常平价稍增以予民。少与王安石游（交游），安石声誉未振，巩导（引导，引荐）之于欧阳修（状语后置）。及安石得志，遂与之
一、单项选择题（本大题共 15小题，每小题 2分，共 30分） （一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分）1. His air of complete self-assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake. A. 他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头本来会使我害怕，但他和我握手时十 分热情和真挚，所以我就不害怕了。 B. 如果不是因为他那热情真挚的握手，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头 将会使我害怕。 C. 他和我握手时是那么热情，那么真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高 傲的派头真会使我害怕呢。 D. 他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头对我来说根本就没什么，因为他和我 握手时是那么热情和真挚。 2. At the hotel I always finished the meal with ice cream and the girls there would laugh because I liked it so much. A. 在饭店里，我总是以冰激凌来完成我的用餐，那里的女孩笑我，因为我如此 喜欢它。 B. 在饭店里，我总是以冰激凌来结束我的一顿饭，那里的女服务员总是笑我， 因为我那么喜欢吃冰激凌。 C. 我在饭店吃饭，最后总要吃冰激凌。我吃得津津有味，惹得那些女服务员发 笑。 D. 在饭店吃饭，我最后总是要吃冰激凌。那里的女孩总是要笑我，因为我吃得 很香。 3. Then there is the fire season. That takes care of the property that managed to survive the deluge. A. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，大雨过后幸存的财物就落到它的手里。 B. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，在大雨中勉强剩下的财物在它的照顾中。 C. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，在大雨中幸存的财物安全地度过了这个季节。 D. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，如果要想在大雨中幸免，就必须度过它。 4. The delta and the narrow Nile Valley to the south make up only 3 percent of Egypt’s land but are home to 96 percent of her population. A. 三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十 六的人口住在这里。
Passage One：Looking for a Job 1 While looking for a job, you should give thought to what you would like to be doing 15 to 20 years from now. Bear in mind that the job you choose will affect the future course of your life. It will partially determine your range of friends, your choice of husband or wife, where you live, your recreational activities, and other important aspects of your life. 1. 求职过程中，你应该想一想往后十五至二十年将干什么?记住，你选择的职业会影响你的一生，一定程度上决定你的交友、择偶、居住地、娱乐活动及生活的其他重要方面。 2 When choosing a job, you should have a clear knowledge of your abilities and aptitudes, as well as your interests and aims. Be honest about your weak points as well as your strong ones. Take a really good look at yourself and give real thought to what kind of person you are, what you are good at, and what kind of person you want to be. 2. 对你的强项和弱点要实事求是。仔细审视自己是怎样的人，擅长什么，想成为何种人？ 3 Be clear about the kind of occupations in which people like yourself tend to find success and satisfaction. You can gain some ideas of what other people, with similar abilities and interests, consider to be important and challenging in the jobs that they choose, by talking to people already in the job that interests you.Watch these people at work. 3. 要清楚像你这样的人可能取得成功或感到满意的职业是什么？和已经从事你所青睐的职业的人们交谈，你可以了解到具有同样能力和兴趣的其他人认为他们所选择的职业中哪些是重要和富有挑战性的。观察这些人的工作。 4 Weigh carefully the immediate advantages against the long-term prospects offered by the jobs you are considering. Will the occupation you select give you satisfaction, not just when you start, but in the years to come? Realize now the importance of education in all fields, technical and professional. Remember that when promotion occurs, preference is usually given to educated persons—other things being equal. 4. 仔细掂量正考虑的职业所能提供的眼前利益和长远利益之间的关系。你所选择的职业既能在开始时，又能在以后的日子里使你满意吗？要意识到各方面教育的重要性，包括技术和职业教育。牢记晋级机会到来时，在同等条件下，受过教育的人通常优先。 5 Talk about your job preferences with your parents, teachers and your headmaster. Remember they have a tremendous wealth of experience from which you should benefit. They can help you think about the jobs in which you will find satisfaction and challenge. They can stimulate you to give careful thought to what you really want to do and offer useful suggestions as to how you might take full advantage of your personal qualities and qualifications. 5. 和父母、老师、校长谈谈你的职业选择。他们具有丰富的经验，这些经验会使你获益匪浅。他们会帮助你考虑选择你满意和具有机遇的职业。他们会鼓励你仔细考虑你想从事的工作，提供充分发挥你聪明才智的有用建议。 6 Make a real study of jobs. It takes a very long time to find the work that suits you the best. Reading about and studying a number of occupations is something you should do over and over again. 6. 仔细研究职业。找到最适合你的工作要花很长的时间。反复阅读和研究大量有关职业情况的信息。 7 Have a clear view of your job. Is it just a means of getting money to do the things that you want to do? Is the work important to you and your future happiness and contentment? Maybe it is a combination of both these things. 7. 正确看待你的职业。想做的工作只是一种赚钱的手段吗？对你自身及你将来的幸福和满足是否重要？或是两者兼而有之？ 8 Your life-long job cannot be approached in any kind of haphazard fashion. It must be considered carefully, examined from every angle, and talked over with those who know you and those who can help you in any way. Once you find your life-long job, you should do it with patience and wisdom. 8. 终身职业不可能偶然找到。必须仔细考虑，从各方面审视，听取那些了解你并能帮助你的人们的意见。一旦你找到理想的职业，就要用智慧与耐心去把它做好。 Passage Two：Life in a Violin Case 琴匣人生 1 In order to tell what I believe, I must briefly sketch something of my personal history. 1.为了谈谈我的信念，我简要地说说我个人的情况。 2 The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents,
1. 随着中国日益成为韩国的重要贸易伙伴，两国的联系从外交和贸易延伸到了教育领域。中国是韩国最大的出口目的地，吸收了韩国约四分之一的出口产品，同时也吸引了韩国超过四分之一的留学生。虽然在美国留学的好处之一是可以练习英语(对找工作的人来说英语依然是最重要的语言)，但韩国雇主对有中国经历的毕业生的需求越来越大。比如三星集团两年前说，具有中文语言能力的求职者会得到额外的加分。 【参考译文】With the increasing importance of China as a trade partner to South Korea, the connections between the countries are extending from diplomacy and trade to education. As South Korea’s b iggest export destination, China takes around a quarter of Korean exports and attracts more than a quarter of Korean students who are willing to study abroad. One of the benefits of studying in the U.S.A is the convenience of practicing spoken English, which is still viewed as the most important language for job seekers. But the demand for graduates with experience in China is getting increasingly greater. Samsung Group, for example, said two years ago that job applicants with Chinese language skills would get extra bonus points. 2. 中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因，贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困现象。 参考答案 China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world’s total. For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons. In the mid-1980s, the economy of an overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social, historical, and natural conditions. The Chinese government, while working on all-round economic and social development, has nationwide implemented a large-scale program for development-oriented poverty relief in a planned and organized way. With the main objective of helping poverty-stricken people solve the food and clothing problems. This program has gone a long way toward alleviating poverty. 难点精析
2019年公共英语三级翻译汉译英练习（3） 1、作者想通过这篇文章向读者传达她对赞扬与批评的看法。 Through the article the author wants to convey to the readers his view on praise and criticism. 2、这家餐厅十二名女侍中，只有三名先前有过干这种活的经历。 Of the dozen of waitresses in the restaurant, only three have had any previous experience. 3、有迹象表明，不少工厂正面临着十分困难的局面。 There are indications that numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation. 4、一切都表明他的计划出了毛病。 Everything points to the fact\indicates that something has gone wrong with his project\plan.
5、接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班，但约翰并不在意。 To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John didn’t mind. 6、那名罪犯被从严判处十五年徒刑。 The criminal was given a stiff sentence of fifteen years. 7、我祖父母说，发明电视的那个人曾住在他们的那个地段。 My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived in their neighborhood. 8、我提议咱们会后马上去办公室找史密斯教授，邀请他参加我们的英语晚会。 I propose that we go to find Prof. Smith in his office after the meeting and invite him to our English evening. 9、警察要求司机把事故讲述得更详细一些。 The policeman asked the driver to describe the accident in greater detail.
2019英语四级翻译练习及参考译文(3) 中国是茶的故乡。据说早在五六千年前，中国就有了茶树(tea- shrub),而且相关茶树的人类文明能够追溯到两千年前。来自中国的 茶和丝绸、瓷器(porcelain)—样，在1000年前为世界所知，而且一直是中国重要的出口产品。当前世界上40多个国家种植茶，其中亚 洲国家的产量占世界总产量的90%。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接地起源于中国。 China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China has tea- shrubs as early as five to six thousand years ago，and human cultivation of teaplants can date back two thousand years. Tea from China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to be known the world over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been an important Chinese export. At present more than forty countries in the world grow tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the world’s total output. All tea trees in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.
英汉翻译笔译练习参考译文Chapter 19 四、英汉翻译练习题参考答案 1. 有些国家失业现象普遍。 2. 那里的雇主使用了暴力手段。 3. 玛丽说话时脸上露出了拘谨的神色。 4. 丽娜姨听见了家庭的困难情况后，同意去找工作。 5. 他的话有些道理。 6. 不要乱想。 7. 我连他的模样也记不清楚了。 8. 他还问我别后的情况。 9. 我们的衷心愿望是建立世界持久和平。 10. 工人对那个新组织抱着很大希望。 11. 拷打、审讯彻夜不停，搜捕彻夜不停。 12. 我是挪威轮船公司派来和贵方商谈运输问题的。 13. 他保证他广告中所登的东西都能“永久”使用。 14. 我的前三十年是在美国西部度过的。 15. 判断一个人要看他对集体服务得怎样，但是集体也要重视个人的生活和才能。 16. 吉姆非常不高兴，因为他不能去游泳。 17. 他和他的过去断绝了一切联系，和旧社会的各个方面也断绝了一切联系。 18. 接着他谈到了慈善事业的兴起和教育的普及，特别谈到了财富和工作面的扩大。 19. 语法论述语言的结构，英语语法论述英语的结构，法语语法论述法语的结构，等等。 20. 他们谈到了他们所渴望的那些东西——谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营 养。 21. 她抬起眼来的时候，眼睛显得很大，很特别，很动人。 22. 大家庭有大家庭的难处。 23. 谁工作努力，谁就会受到尊重。 24. 生于社会，不能脱离社会。 25. 这个城市是个小城市，看上去跟其他与它大小相仿的城市没有什么两样，但是其他城市 却很少有这么多的天然优越条件。 26. 一年又一年，一世纪又一世纪，月亮盈亏变化，周而复始。 27. 来得容易去得快。 28. 不下苦功就没有收获。 29. 他在情况危急时，态度从容，镇定自若。 30. 据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合理的。 31. 她是一个非常愚昧无知的女人。 32. 他象他的朋友一样，虽然头脑里有许多美妙的想法，却只有少数付诸实施。 33. 我们能测量罐内的水量，但不能测量水的热度，我们还没有这种仪器。 34. 只有浅薄的人才会以貌取人。 35. 他的望远镜和实验总是给他带来惊奇的新发现，他每天都把这种工作情况记录下来. 36. 仓库重地，不准吸烟。 37. 解放以来，他们的故乡建立了许多新的工厂。
中译英 疲劳超速酒后驾驶谨防行车三大隐患 酒后驾车是导致车祸发生的罪魁祸首之一。因酒后驾车酿成的交通事故，其中有许多造成人亡车毁，有的甚至群死群伤。这正是：“司机一滴酒，亲人两行泪”。酒后车祸的悲剧在人生舞台上一次次重演，而依旧有人铤而走险, 致使酒后车祸的悲剧有增无减。应该加大执法和惩罚的力度, 在事故多发点要加强巡逻。 俗语说：“十次事故九次快”，所以要“宁停三分，不抢一秒。”心急地赶时间、争强好胜、寻找刺激是产生超速行驶的心理特征。超速行驶不仅会使避免撞车更加困难，而且会使撞车的可能性和严重性增大。车速越高，方向的操纵性越差，一旦遇到紧急情况，很难控制车辆的速度和方向。要更广泛地应用高科技手段如电子眼来捕捉超速驾驶者。 睡眠不足是造成疲劳驾驶的主要因素。如果驾驶员一天驾驶超过10小时以上，而睡眠不足4.5小时，则事故率最高，睡眠不足导致驾驶过程中不断打哈欠、频繁揉眼睛、手脚不灵活等。因此，充足的睡眠对驾驶来说是十分重要的。闷热的天气极易导致驾驶疲劳，统计发现，疲劳驾驶和酒后驾驶导致的交通肇事已超过超载、超速等，成为“马路新杀手”。 此外，还有很多其他不遵守交通法规的现象，比如打手机，无证驾驶、闯红灯、尾随、在车流中穿行甚至逆行的现象也时有发生。许多司机在车里挂满了各种装饰物，这也会影响注意力的集中，成为一种潜在的危险。新技术给汽车带来的安全措施往往会被驾驶员的不良行为所抵消，所以，通过加强宣传教育提高驾驶人员的素质便成为关键的问题。 中译英 Watch out the Three Major Threats to Drivers: Fatigue, Speeding and Drunk Driving 作者：geoffhan Drunk driving is one of the major culprits for car accidents, many of which would cause the loss of cars and lives, or even multitude deaths and injuries. As people put it, “One drop of liquor by the driver leads to a river of tears of his family.” Time and again, people witnes s these tragedies caused by drunk driving. However, there are still people risking their lives with it, and such tragedies keep on increasing in stead of decreasing. More efforts are needed to enhance the execution of traffic regulations and penalties, and traffic patrolling should be reinforced at accident-prone locations. As a saying goes, “Nine out of ten accidents are the consequences of speeding.” Therefore, one “should wait for three minutes rather than rush for one second’s gain”. Speeding is the re sult of rushing for time, car racing or seeking for thrills. Speeding not only makes it more difficult to avoid a car crash, but will increase the probability and severity of a car crash. The faster one drives, the harder it is to control the directions. In case of emergency, it is very difficult to control the speed and direction of the vehicles. High-tech devices such as electronic cameras should be more widely used to capture the speeders.