一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him.（呼和浩特）
A. knew
B. have known
C. must know
D.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he ?
A. already
B.never
C.ever
D. still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
A. just
B. ago
C.before
D. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.
A. is writing
B.was writing
C.wrote
D.has written 5、—Our country ______ a lot so far. —Yes. I hope it will be even ______. A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good
C. has changed ; better
D. changed ; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.
A. was ; studying
B. will ; study
C. has ; studied
D. are ; studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States. —Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go
B. did they go
C. do they go
D. have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago.
A. Did; do; finished
B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished
D. will; do; finish 11、His father ______ the Party since 1978. A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 12、—Do you know him well ?
—Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、—How long have you ____ here?
—About two months.
A. been
B. gone
C. come
D. arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began
15、It _____ ten years since he left the army. A. is B. has C. will D. was
16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library.
A.has gone
B. went
C.will go
D. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to
C. have gone to
D. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom,_____? A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they 19、_____has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he ____ to China?
A. How soon, comes
B. How often, got
C. How long, came
D. How far, arrived 20、His uncle ____ for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 二、句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, _____ ________?（改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) ______ __________have they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year. He _____ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory ______ ________ ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)
___________________________________________ 三、汉译英。
1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。
2、他昨天收到一封信。
3、我父亲以前到过长城。
4、她还没有看过那部新电影。
5、她去过上海。
6、他这些天上哪儿去了？
参考答案：
一、单项选择。
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正
好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。
5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C
二、句型转换。
1、has he?
2、How long
3、died, has been dead
4、has been open
5、has been away
6、joined；ago
7、It is, since
8、The bus has been here for ten minutes. 三、汉译英。
1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.
2、He received a letter yesterday.
3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.
4、She hasn't seen the new film yet.
5、She has been to Shanghai.
6、Where has he been these days？
现在完成时专项练习
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.I___already____(see)the film.I___(see)it last week.
2.__ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet .
3.___you ___(be)to Hong Kong ?Yes,I ____(be)there twice .
4.__ you ever ____(eat )chocolate sundaes? No, never.
5.My father ____just ____(come) back from work.He
is tired now.
6.Where's Li Ming? He____(go)to the teacher's office.
7.Shanghai ___(be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____ (become) a large city.
8.I ____ (work) here since I ____ (move) here in 1999. 9.So far I ____(make) quite a few friends here. 10.How long ___the Wangs ___(stay) here?For two weeks.
二、句型转换(每空一词)。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
I ___ ____ been to Macau before.
2.He hasn't come to school because he's ill (就划线部分提问)
____ _____ he come to school?
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问) ____ ___ ____ ____ learned English ?
4.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)
I ____ just ____ a new bike.
5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ____ ____English ____three years
三、填入has / have been 或has / have gone.
1.Harry：I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night. Diana：No,it wasn't me.I never there.
2. Sam：Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't they?
Where they ? Sue：To Florida, again. Sam：How many times they there? Sue：This is their third visit.
3. Alan：Where's Tony? Mary:He's got a headache so he
to bed.
4. Steve：Can I speak to Jill, please?
Lynn：She's out,I'm afraid. She to the cinema
this evening.
Steve：Again? She already to the cinema three times this week.
四、用for 或since填空
1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there
7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country 1974.
6. The bus is late.We've been waiting 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty
many years.
8. Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October
五、
A.用already或yet
1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______?
No, not ___________.
2) Most of us have finished our compositions ________ 3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ________. B.用since或for
1) We have learned five lessons _____he beginning of this term.
2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______last week. 3) I have stayed at my aunt’s _____two weeks.
C. 用have gone或have been
1) Where are the boy students ?They _____to the school factory.
2) Is your father in?No, he ____to Shenzhen._______ he ever______there before?Yes, he ___there several times 3) He asked me if I ____to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _____never ______ to that city before. 六选择填空
1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made…have tried
B. made…have tried
C. has made…tried
D. made…tried
2 “He ____to draw horses already”.When _____ he ?”
“Last year “
A. learned...has B. learned (i)
C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)
3.____you ____the text yet?Yes,we____it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did
B. Have…copied…have
C. Have…copied…did
D. Did …copy…had
4. “Why ______ she ______angry ?”“Because he _____
at her just now .”
A. did…get…shouted
B. has…got…shouted
C. did…get…has shouted
D. has…got…has shouted 5. ____you _____the film before?Where_____you ____it?
A. Have …seen…did…see
B. Did …see…did…watch
C. Have…seen…have…seen
D.
Did …see…have…seen
6.You ____me waiting for two hours. I____for you since five. A. kept…waited B. have kept…waited
C. kept…have waited
D. have kept…have waited
7.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He
______there for an hour.
A. has…been…has gone
B. has…gone…has been
C. did…go…went
D. did…be…went
8. I ______the way.I______here for quite many years. A. knew...have lived B. knew (iv)
C. know...have lived D. know (iv)
9. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have. A. Have…gone to B. Have…gone in
C. Have…been to
D. Have …been in
10. My brother ____college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to
C. has been in
D. has been at
现在完成时练习题现在完成时练习题
1. A. 用already或yet
1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______? No, not ___________.
2) Most of us have finished our compositions ________
3) He said he hadn't visited the exhibition ________.
B.用since或for
1) We have learned five lessons ______ the beginning og this term.
2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______last week. 3) I have stayed at my aunt's _____two weeks.
C. 用have gone或have been
1) Where are the boy students ? They _____ to the school factory.
2) Is your father in ? No, he ____ to Shenzhen. _______he ever ______ there before ? Yes, he ___ there several times
3) He asked me if _____ to Hangzhou before.
I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I ______ never ______ to that city before.
2. 选择填空
B.1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made…have tried
B. made…have tried
C. has made…tried
D. made…tried
D.2 "He ____to draw horses already". "When ______ he ?" " Last year "
A. learned...has B. learned...did C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)
A.3.Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there !
A. has got…is
B. has climbed…was
C. got …was
D. climbed…is
C.4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did
B. Have…copied…have
C. Have…copied…did
D. Did …copy…had
A.5. "Why ______ she _______ angry ?" "Because he _____ at her just now ."
A. did…get…shouted
B. has…got…shouted
C. did…get…has shouted
D. has…got…has shouted
A.6. ______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?
A. Have …seen…did…see
B. Did …see…did…watch
C. Have…seen…have…seen
D.
Did …see…have…seen
D.7.You ____ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you
since five.
A. kept…waited
B. have kept…waited
C. kept…have waited
D. have kept…have waited
B.8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He _________ there for an hour.
A. has…been…has gone
B. has…gone…has been
C. did…go…went
D. did…be…went
D.9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.
A. Has…cried…has stopped
B. Is…crying…stopped
C. Did …cry…stopped
D. Is…crying…has stopped
C.10. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years.
A. knew...have lived C. knew...live C. know...have lived D. know (iv)
C.11. _____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have. A. Have…gone to B. Have…gone in C. Have…been to
D. Have …been in
D.12. My brother ____college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has been at
D.13.He ________ the Army by the end of 1989. He ______ in the army since then.
A. joined…is
B. has joined…has been
C. had joined…is
D. had joined …has been
B.14. By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten satellites.
A. came…have sent
B. came…had sent
C. come…have sent
D. had come…sent
C.15. Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o'clock. Then he ____ a rest.
A. went…took
B. went…had taken
C. had gone…took
D. had gone…had taken
A.16. We ____ out by that time that he ____ a spy for a long time.
A. had found…had been
B. had found…was
C. found…had been
D. found…was
B.17. Before the news ____ him, he ____ to know about it.
A. reaches…has got
B. reached…had got
C. reached…got
D. had reached…got
C.18. I _____ him a second letter before I ____ from him.
A. wrote…heard
B. wrote…had heard
C. had written…heard
D. have written…hear
D.19. People ____ that the soldiers _____ fighting. A. say…had stopped B. said…has stopped C. say…stopped D. said…had stopped
B.20. We ____ in a good harvest because we ____ enough rain.
A. didn't get…had had
B. got…had had
C. had got…had had
D. got…hadn't had
D.21. They _______ for five hours when they ______ in New York.
A. flew…arrived
B. had flown…had arrived
C. flew…had arrived
D. had flown…arrived
C.22. She ____ that it _____ for two days by that day. A. says…has rained B. says…had rained C. said…had rained
D. said…rained
A.23. John _____ there since the year before, so he _____ them.
A. had worked…knew
B. had worked…had known
C. worked…knew
D. worked…had known
D.24. He _____ angry because he ____ for a long time. A. had got…had waited B. got…waited C. had got…waited D. got…had waited 过去完成时专项练习广州市东圃中学郭红坚
定义：过去完成时是表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作、事情。它表示的是发生在"过去的过去"的动作，只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较的时候才会使用过去完成时。
构成：过去完成时的构成: had +.(过去分词) 用法：
1、与by, before, by the end of引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。
例如：by then, by\ before nine o'clock yesterday, by the end of last year, by the age of twenty, by the time I arrived …2、在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：When I returned home, my guest had already left.
I did not see the film because I had seen it before.
3、常用于told, said, knew, heard, thought, ask等动词后的宾语从句。例如：She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
He asked what I had said.
现在完成时和过去完成时的区别：
现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果, 过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。
现在完成时和现在完成进行时小练习 1. He _____ with his first teacher for quite a long time. A. lost touch B. got in touch C. lost in touch D. has been out of touch 2. Mary _____ Green for five years. A. has married B. has married with C. married D. has been married to 3. It's the third time I ______him this month. A. had seen B. have seen C. saw D. see 4. Tom ________for more than a week. A. has been away B. has gone away C. went away D. has left 5. We _____each other since I left Shanghai. A. haven't seen B. hadn't seen C. didn't see D. wouldn't see 6. He ________with us since he returned last month. A. lives B. lived C. had lived D. has lived 7. They _____here for more than a month. A. have arrived B. have reached C. have come D. have been 8. Comrade Wang ____the Party for about three years. A. has attended B. has joined C. has been in D. has taken part in 9. The book _____on the floor for ten minutes, but no one has picked it up. A. is lying B. has lain C. has been lying D. lay 10. I _______from him so far. A. didn’t hear B. don't hear C. haven't heard D. hadn't heard 11. Great changes ________in my hometown in the past few years. A. were taken place B. have been taken place C. took place D. have taken place 12. ________ the new color film ________this year? A. Has; been shown B. Did; show C. Are; shown D. Will; show 13. ---Why does Mary look to be so sorry? ---Because she _________by her classmates. A. has been laughed B. has laughed at C. was laughed D. has been laughed at 14. For this he _________on twice. A. has operated B. has been operated C. had been operated D. operated 15. I haven’t seen you for quite some time. What ______lately? A. were you doing B. did you do C. have you been doing D. had you done 16. The house looks much bigger now that we _______ the walls in brighter colours. A. are painting B. have painted C. had painted D. have been painting 17. ---How about my food? I _______ here for almost half an hour. ---I’m sorry, sir. It must be ready by now. A. have been sitting B. am sitting C. had been sitting D. was sitting 18. Mary ___________ at this school for thirty years but she hasn’t decided to retire. A. has been taught B. has been teaching C. taught D. had taught 19. I ______ always ______ of him, but I can’t see him. A. had; been thinking B. have; been thinking C. was; thinking D. have; thought 20. Although medical science ______ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. is achieving 21. —Is it hard to drive downtown to work? —Yes, that’s why I to work by train. A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone
现在完成进行时 1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。 2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成 3 现在完成进行时的基本句型 肯定式I/We have been working. 疑问式Have you been working？ 简略回答Yes，I/we have. No，I/we haven't. 肯定式He/She/It has been working. 疑问式Has he/she/it been working？ 简略回答Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasn't. 4 现在完成时的用法 1）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。 I've read this book.我已读完这本书了。 2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。 3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。 We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。 5 相同点 1. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作.如: I have worked in this school since 2001. I have been working here since 2001. 2. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示一段时间内进行的动作.例如: Mr. Smith has taught English for 20 years. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for 20 years 6 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较： We've been living here for ten years. We've lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的练习题 A. Correct the following sentences. （改错） 1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine. 2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon. 3. What have you been doing before you left Oxford? 4. It's a good job. Have you done it all by yourself? 5. It's a long time since you come to see me. 6. Alice didn't see much of Henry lately. 7. I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam. B. Complete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given. 1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning. 4. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night. C. Make the best choices. 1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________ for it for months. (2008江苏) A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东) A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering
现在完成时练习题 I. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空 1.I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2.Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago. 3.Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years. 4.“Have you ________ seen the film?”“No, I have ________ seen it.” 5.“Has the bus left _______?”“Yes, it has _________ left.” II. 用since和for填空 A. 1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month 4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock 7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children 10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here B. 1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. 2. I’ve known him __________ we were children. 3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years. 4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years. 5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 6. I've been practicing the piano since 10∶30. 7. Mario has been running ____ 15 minutes. 8. Sarah has been sleeping ____ 9∶00. 9. Dale has been talking on the phone ____ five minutes. 10. Louie has been studying Chinese ____ he was six years old. 11. I've been watching you ____ ten minutes. 12. She has done her homework _________ two hours. 13. Tom has been swimming _________ an hour. 14. They have learnd English ________ they came to school. 15. They have been in the room __________8 o’clock. 16. We have studied English _________several years. 17. I have been living in Xi’an_________I was born. 18. She has worked here _________ 2006. 19. Mary has been running _________ she came here. 20. Ann has been learning English since 2003.（选出同义词组）
现在进行时和现在完成进行时区分： 区分 have done 和 have been doing,我们需要从两个方面来讨论： 一、完成时态和完成进行时态本身意义的差别； 二、要结合动词的不同延续特点.首先我们来看两种时态的意义差别 两者根本区别是：完成进行时强调动作持续的过程(emphasis on duration), 完成时强调动作的结果或成就 (emphasis on achievement).具体来讲 ,现在完成进行时have been doing 强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性,强调的是动作本身.现在完成时have done 则是强调动作产生 的结果或取得的成就,而不是动作本身.二者的这种区别我们从下面的这些例句可以很好地领 悟到： (2) a. My hands are very dirty. I ’ ve been painting the house. b. I have painted the house green. The house was white, but now it ’s green. 思维分析： 句a 中 have been painting 表示 painting 动作一直在持续 ,活动还没有结束 ,所以才有 my hands are very dirty 这样的现状 .句 a 意思是“我的手很脏,我现在一直在给房间刷漆”. 句 b 中 have painted 表示 painted 动作已经结束 ,而且动作导致的结果是the house was white, but now it ’ s green 房间现在是绿色的了. 现在完成时表示动作业已完成, 而完成进行时却不一定如此 I ’ve made a cake. 我做了一个蛋糕.（已做好） I ’ve been making a cake. 我一直在做一个蛋糕. （不一定做好了 She’ s painted a picture. 她画了一幅画 .（已画好） She’ s been painting a picture. 她在画一幅画 .（可能还没画好） 强调时间长度用完成进行时比较好：I’ve been coughing all night.我咳了一整夜.（比I ’ve coughed all night.更能强调咳得久） All the time she ’s been sitting there in silence.她一直静坐在那里. All these years we ’ve been trying to get in touch with him.这些年来我们一直在设法和他联系.许多静态动词都只能用于完成时而不能用于完成进行时： I ’ve known that for a long time.这事我已经知道很久了. The strike has lasted six months. 这次罢工已经持续了 6 个月 . Nobody has seen him since last week. 从上周起就没人见到过他. raise in salary all the time.他一直盼着加薪. 但当意思发生转变时也可能用于完成进行时： I ’ve been thinking of doing so for a long time.我好久以来一直想这样做 .Tom has been seeing about a work permit for you.汤姆一直在设法帮你取得工作许可证. 有少数动词用两种时态都可以,意思差别不大,如： They have been working very well this term.这学期他们学习很好. They have worked very well this term. It has been raining for two hours.下了两个小时的雨. It has rained for two hours. 过去完成时 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 即“过去的过概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作， 去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人
现在完成时与现在完成进行时比较练习 B. Complete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given .（根据所给动词的适当形式 填空） 1. You know, I _______ （look） for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister _______ （stay） in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he _______ （play） in the mud all the morning. 4. I _______ （wonder） if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We ______ （wait） anxiously for him since last night. C. Make the best choices.（选择题） 1. —I 'm sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. —I think so. He _______ for it for months. （2008 江苏） A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he ___ into a trap, it be to'ollalte for him to do anything about it. （2008山东） A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _____ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. （200福8建） A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _____ Engl i s h for a year. （2007湖南） A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny ________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. （200福7 建） A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You ________ in front of that computer too long. （2007江西） A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district ______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. （2007上海） A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy __ going back to school but she hasn ' t decidec北京.（ A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 9. —______ you _____ him around the museum yet? （200江7 苏） —Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have ; shown B. Do ; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale.
现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 1)现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续。 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。 I have been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在) I have written an article. 这已写好一篇文章。(已完成) I have been reading that book since last week. 上周以来，我一直在读那本书。(还在读) I have read that book before. 以前我曾读过那本书。(动作在过去曾经发生过) 2) 现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的动作，强调动作在不久前持续进行，带有感情色彩。 现在完成时表示已经结束的动作，强调动作的结果。 Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere. 你到哪里去了?我们到处在找你。(表示刚刚结束的动作) We have looked for him, but haven't found him. 我们找过他，但没有找到他。(表示动作已结束，强调支作的结果) 3) 现在完成进行时表示现在以前的这段时间内反复发生的事情。 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 这些年来，创立们一直为我们杂志写稿。 We have been seeing quite alot of each other recently. 最近我们常常见面。 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 现在完成时与现在完成进行时练习篇 B. Complete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given. 1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning. 4. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night. 1. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. —I think so. He ________ for it for months. (2008江苏) A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建) A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007湖南) A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建) A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. (2007江西) A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 (1) 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作： I have read the book. 我读过这本书。 I have been reading the book. 我一直在读这本书。 【注】有少数动词(如work, study, live, teach, stay等)在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性)： How long have you worked [been working] here? 你在这儿工作多久了？ I’ve lived [been living] here since 1988. 自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。 (2) 现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感****彩： I have waited for two hours. 我等了两小时。(陈述事实) I have been waiting for two hours. 我等了两个小时。(等得好辛苦) (3) 现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况，若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况，则通常用现在完成时： He has lived in Paris. 他(一直)住在巴黎。 He has been living in Paris. 他(目前)住在巴黎。(表暂时性) (4) 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时，但它们可以用于现在完成时： I’ve only known her for two day. 我认识她刚刚两天。 They’ve been married for twenty years. 他们结婚已二十年了。 The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。 (5) 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态，若要用可用现在完成时的被动语态代替： The house has been painted for a month. 这房子已漆了一个月。 The problem has been studied for five days. 这个问题已研究了五天。 现在完成时与现在完成进行时练习篇
现在完成时和现在完成进行时 一、现在完成时用来表示发生在过去的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系。 现在完成时由“have / has + 动词过去分词”构成，现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成为“have / has been + 动词过去分词”。 现在完成时常用于以下几种情况： 1．动作开始于过去，结束于过去，但对现在仍有影响。 2．动作发生于过去一直延续到现在，这个动作可能是某种状态习惯性动作。 3．现在完成时还可以用来表示过去某一时间到现在这段时间内反复发生的动作。 和现在完成时态连用的时间状语主要有以下三种： 1．句中出现just，never，ever，already，yet，lately , recently，before, these years / months / days等词时。 2．句中出现“for + 时间段”或since + 时间点或since引导的时间状语从句（一般多为过去时）。 3．句中出现up to now（直到现在），so far（到目前为止），since then，in the past / last + 表示一段时间的词语时。 【注意】含有终止或短暂意义的动词在肯定句中不能和一段时间搭配，这类动词常见的有：begin，end，come，go，leave，join，die，marry等。 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 1．现在完成时常表示动作或状态延伸到现在，如： He has lived in Tianjin for ten years. 一般过去时虽也可指延伸，但它不能延伸到现在。 He lived in Tianjin for ten years. 2．一般过去时只表示某个动作或状态曾经发生过，与现在并无联系，而现在完成时则表示过去的动作或状态对现在有影响。 We’d better stop her from doing such hard work, for she has been seriously ill.（过去的动作对现在造成了影响） He was ill last week.（并没有涉及现在的情况） 3．现在完成时的时间状语可以同不确定的过去时间状语连用（如already，just，before，recently等），还可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用（如today，this morning，this month，this year等），还可以和时间段连用。 一般过去时一般与表示过去的时间状语连用（如yesterday，last week），也可以和today，this morning等连用，但是动作发生在过去。 I’ve seen him this May.（说话时还是五月） I saw him this May.（说话时五月已经过去）
1.现在完成时 （1）现在完成时的定义： 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现在有了结果，对现在造成影响。该时态还可表示开始于过去并持续到现在一段时间内发生的动作。它是一个把过去和现在密切联系起来的时态。 （2）现在完成时的构成：have/has+过去分词 （3）现在完成时的基本用法： 1）表示（不确定的）过去发生（可能刚结束）的动作（通常为短暂性动词），但它所造成的状态目前依然存在，后面通常不用时间状语，但句中常出现just, recently, lately, already, yet（用于疑问句和否定句）等副词。如： I’ve just finished reading the novel. 我刚刚读完这本小说。 Have you seen the doctor yet? 你看过医生了吗？ 2）表示从过去某时开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在（有可能到将来）（通常为延续性动词），常和for+时间段（for可以省略）或since +时间点（如：then/1998/five years ago/he left）, today, now, so far, up to now, up till now, this week/month/year, in/during/over/for the last/past few years/days等时间状语连用。如： She has been a teacher for twenty years. 她已经当了20年的老师了。 I haven’t seen Justin since last Friday night. 自上周五晚到现在我一直没看到贾斯廷。3）表示从过去到现在的反复性和习惯性动作，常和always, often, from time to time, frequently, ever, never, seldom, before, once, …times等表示频度的副词和短语连用。如： I have often/never heard her sing this song. 我经常/从未听她唱这首歌。 Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times. 有些村民说他们多次看到过飞碟。 4）现在完成时还可用于时间和条件状语从句中代替将来完成时, 此时强调动作的完成。 如： Let’ wait until the rain stops/has stopped. 让我们等到雨停了。 If anyone has found a watch, would they please leave it on my desk? 如有人发现一块手表，可否请他放在我桌上？ I will write the letter when I have finished the book. 我看完这本书后就写信。 5）现在完成时还可用于某些固定句型中。如： ①“It/This/That is the first/second…time +that从句”，从句谓语动词用现在完成时。 Bill is phoning his girlfriend again. That’s the third time that he’s phoned her this morning. 比尔又在给他女朋友打电话了。这已是他今天上午第三次给她打电话了。 ②“… is the +形容词最高级+名词+定语从句”，从句谓语动词用现在完成时。 He is the most diligent student that I have (ever) taught 他是我教过的最勤奋的学生。 ③“It is +一段时间+since+一般过去时（谓语动词为短暂性动词）”。如： It is two years since he left the country. 他离开这个国家已有两年了。 =He left the country two years ago.=He has been away from the country for two years. ▲leave等短暂性动词必须改换成相应的状态动词。成对的词有： become---be; come/arrive---be here, go/leave---be away, return/get back---be back, die---be dead; join the army---serve in the army, marry---be married to, borrow-the book--keep the book, catch a cold---have a cold, start/begin---be on (开始，进行，放映)，end/finish/stop---be over, appear---be there, disappear---be gone, get lost---be missing（丢失）。
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的讲解及练习 现在完成时结构：have(has)+动词的过去分词。has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称. 二.现在完成时的用法:其用法主要有三种 i.“已完成”用法:表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。 1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。 li ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了） i've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了）2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。 i have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔） she has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师） ii.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去.常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far（到目前为止），up to now（至今），till（until）now等。he has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿） they've known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来） how long have you studied english？你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学） iii.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。常与频度副词如often, always, every week, twice等连用。 i have been to the summer palace twice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次。 三.现在完成时的时间状语 i现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last sunday,in1990,three years ago等。可以和already、yet、ever、never、just、before、yet等状语连用 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 如：we have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 they haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如：-have you ever been to the great wall?你曾经去过长城吗? -i have never been to the great wall.我从未去过长城。 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before 例如：i have seen her before. 我以前见过她 ii短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果句子中有表一段时间的时间状语，要将动词改为延续性动词。 现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 如：fall asleep (ill) →be asleep (ill) get to know→know begin,(start)→be on open →be open buy→have get up→be up die→be dead