【名师一号】2014-2015学年高中英语 Living Abroad 双基限
时练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's the ________ (习俗) of giving presents at Christmas in the western countries.
答案custom
2．The company ________ (进行) a survey to find out local reaction to the new theater.
答案conducted
3．The government spokesman is very ________ (谨慎的) about expressing his opinion in public.
答案cautious
4．He ________ (盯着) at the boy, trying to remember whose son he was.
答案stared
5．There are differences between ________ (口头的) and written English.
答案spoken
6．Many editors prefer stories about people, places and events that their readers are ________ (熟悉的) with.
答案familiar
7．When I was ill, I completely lost my ________ (胃口) and wanted to eat nothing.
答案appetite
8．There are two people ________ (受伤) in the car accident.
答案injured
9．We waited for the ________ (到来) of our guests.
答案arrival
10．He ________ (低语) to me that Michael Jackson was murdered.
答案whispered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)
1．Our country is similar ________ yours in that they both have several time zones.
答案与解析to 句意：我们的国家和你们的国家相似，因为二者都跨好几个时区。
2．He is a ________ (caution) investor (投资商) who studies the market before buying.
答案与解析cautious 句意：他是一个谨慎的投资者，买之前要研究市场。cautious 指“小心的；谨慎的”，含有“提防”之意。
3．John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will see him ________ at the airport.
答案与解析off 前一分句说约翰要去伦敦，后一分句谈到了机场，那自然与“送行”有关。see sb. off“为某人送行”。
4．One of the twins has ________ great appetite ________ science, while the other appreciates sports very much.
答案与解析a; for 句意：那对双胞胎中的一个很喜欢科学，而另一个非常喜欢体育。have an appetite for“有……的爱好；有……的渴望”，为固定搭配，符合句意。
Ⅲ.短语填空
get injured add ... to according to have a hard time
the next time be famous for insist on break into
1．________________ the laws of China, he should be sentenced to death.
答案According to
2．China ________________ the four ancient inventions.
答案is famous for
3．He __________ his leg __________ while riding on a horse, and he is in hospital now.
答案got; injured
4．They ________________ trying to persuade the old man to move home.
答案had a hard time
5．She will ________________ washing her hair just when I want to have a bath.
答案insist on
6．If someone ________________ a building, they get into it by force.
答案breaks into
7．Remember to bring your daughter with you
________________ you come to see me.
答案the next time
8．Professor Wang __________ some facts __________ his theory.
答案added; to
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
In all the world's cultures, people sing, play instruments, and celebrate with music. It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its
study, including one looking at the biology of music. Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.
Music education has received a lot of attention. Learning to play an instrument can help children improve math, science, and language skills. One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements. The secret may lie in the way reading music and playing notes uses several areas of the brain, increasing our ability to learn school subjects. For example, reading notes improves spatial (空间的) reasoning skills, which are helpful in solving math problems like fractions (分数)．
Music is also used for medical purposes, such as the treatment of diseases which affect memory. The secret lies in the way the brain processes music. One area near the forehead, the medial prefrontal cortex, connects music with memories stored in two other areas: the amygdale and hippocampus. That's why an old song can remind you of something that happened years ago. For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories by strengthening musical pathways to memories.
With the evidence of music's benefits pouring in, it's no wonder some countries make music study a part of their education systems. People are recognizing that more than just a form of entertainment, music is also great for the brain.
1．Scientists are studying music because ________.
A. music can be used for medical treatments
B. music plays a very important role in our lives
C. our brains can possess music in different ways
D. music education has received a lot of attention
答案与解析 B 从第一段中“It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music.”可知，科学家在研究音乐，因为它在我们的生活中起着重要的作用，选择B项。
2．According to the Canadian study, which children had increased IQ scores?
A. Those who already had high IQs.
B. Those who had always played music.
C. Those who could not play any instrument.
D. Those who studied music for a period of time.
答案与解析 D 从第二段中“One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements.”可知，学习一段时间音乐的孩子智商更高，选择D项。
3．Which of the following is a kind of disease?
A. Spatial reasoning.
B. Alzheimer's.
C. The amygdale and hippocampus.
D. The medial prefrontal cortex.
答案与解析B从第三段中“For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories by strengthening musical pathways to memories.”可知，Alzheimer是一种病。选择B项。
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A. Music and health
B. Music and the mind
C. Music and education
D. Music and instruments
答案与解析 B 纵观全文和最后一句话“People are recognizing that more than just a form of entertainment, music is also great for the brain.”可知，这篇文章讲的是音乐和大脑的关系，选择B项。
B
The smallest animal with a backbone (脊椎) known to science, a fish from the carp family, has been discovered in the peat swamps (沼泽)of Indonesia. Mature (成熟的)females of the fish species (种类)Paedocypris reach just 7.9mm in length.
The species was discovered in the highly acidic (酸性的) peat swamps of the Indonesian island of Sumatra by a team led by Ralf Britz, a zoologist at the Natural History Museum in London.
“This is one of the strangest fish that I've seen in my whole career，” Dr Britz said. “It's tiny, and it lives in acid. I hope that we'll hav e time to find out more about them before their habitat disappears completely.”
The species lives in dark tea-colored swamp waters, which are 100 times more acidic than rainwater. Although these swamps were once thought to be inhabited by very few animals, recent research has shown that they are home to a highly different range of species that occur nowhere else.
The peat swamps were damaged by forest fires in 1997, and are also threatened by agriculture. The scientists behind the discovery said that several populations of Paedocypris had already been lost.
“Many of the peat swamps we surveyed(调查)throughout South-East Asia no longer exist，” Dr Britz said. “Populations of all the miniature(微型的)fish of peat swamps have decreased or disappeared.”
Details of the discovery are published today in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B.
5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Strangest Fish
B．Acidic Peat Swamps
C．Strange Species
D．The Smallest Backbone Animal
答案与解析 D 根据文章的第一段中的“The smallest animal with a backbone(脊椎)known to science, a fish from the carp family, has been discovered in the peat swamps(沼泽) of Indonesia.”可知，这是文章的中心句。由中心句可知文章主要讲的是：最小的脊椎动物。故选择D项。
6．Where does the smallest backbone animal live?
A．It lives in highly acidic rainwater.
B．The species lives in the acidic waters of dark tea-coloured swamps.
C．It was put in the Natural History Museum in London.
D．Its habitat disappears completely.
答案与解析 B 根据文章第四段中的“The species lives in dark tea-colore d swamp waters, which are 100 times more acidic than rainwater.”可知，这种物种生活在深茶色的沼泽中，其中的水是雨水的酸度的100倍。故选择B项。
7．According to the passage, the forest fires in 1997 have led to the fact that ________.
A．many places where these animals lived have been damaged
B．the population of the species has increased
C．there are many animals in the acidic peat swamps today
D. agriculture doesn't affect the living space of these animals
答案与解析 A 根据文章倒数第三段中的“The peat swamps were damaged by forest fires in 1997, and are also threa tened by agriculture.”可知A项正确。其他三项与文章内容不符。
8．Dr Britz's words imply ________.
A．the habitat will be more after a period of time
B．many peat swamps that they surveyed have already survived
C．he wants to find more miniature fishes before their habitat disappears D．he wants to have further research
答案与解析 D 根据文章第三段中的“I hope that we'll have time to find out more about them before their habitat disappears completely.”可知，Dr Britz想进一步了解它们，在他们完全灭绝之前。故选择D项。
记叙文类作者：巩穹 （I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.
强化技能限时训练(十四) 阅读理解(主旨大意类)+阅读填句 (限时35分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 ( A ) 【社会文化类】 I am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval,he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way. Several weeks ago,I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines. I kept asking him to sit down,telling him that he would concentrate better.He sat but seconds later,as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it,he got up again. I was getting frustrated,but then it hit me. I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up. Could he be more absorbed while standing up? This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet,calm child was a sure way to success. This child would have the will power to study hard,get good grades and become someone important in life. Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality qualities,and all you can do is loving and accepting them. As parents,throughout their growing years and beyond that,we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders,guiding them and helping them find their way. I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate. Obviously,he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine. We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things. Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations. There is nothing sweeter than being personal and unique.It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own lives. 1.Time and again the author got his son seated in order to make him . A. work fast B. go polite C. stay relaxed D. keep attentive 2.The underlined “it” (in the first paragraph) probably refers to . A. his son’s doing better while standing up B. his failure in keeping his son under control C. his own experience as a school boy D. his disappointment with his active child 3.By this passage,the author attempts to tell other parents to . A. correct their kids’ manners from the early ages B. respect and trust their kids’ ways of behaviors C. develop a good relationship with their children D. guarantee their children’s freedom at home 4.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?( ) A. Parental help with teens’ study B. Adult influence on teen growth C. Kids’ success in their own styles D. Friendship between generations
双基限时练(十二)动物游戏之谜 一、基础测试 1．下列词语中，加点字的注音完全正确的一项是() A．缅．甸(miàn)聒．噪(ɡuō) 潜．游(qián) 嬉．闹(xī) B．脊．背(jǐ) 挨．挤(ái) 倒．立(dào) 消耗．(hào) C．汲．取(jí) 安抚．(fǔ) 尾鳍．(qí) 格．斗(ɡé) D．反馈．(kuì) 模．式(mó) 捉．摸(zuó) 嚼．烂(jiáo) 解析A．缅miǎn；B.挨āi；D.捉zhuō。 答案 C 2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是() A．伙伴兴高彩烈平衡史无前例 B．默契得意扬扬厮打销声匿迹 C．跳越猩猩相惜消融铁打金刚 D．元气自娱自乐调剂杂草老藤 解析A．兴高彩．烈—采；B.得意扬扬 ．．—洋洋；C.跳越．—跃，猩猩 ．．相惜—惺惺。 答案 D 3．下列加点的成语使用不正确的一项是() A．在动物身上，无论从形态结构、生理过程，还是行为方面去分析，尽可能节省能量 的例子几乎俯拾皆是 ．．．．。 B．单独游戏时，动物常常兴高采烈 ．．．．地独自奔跑、跳跃，在原地打圈子。 C．每当刮起大风时，成群的露脊鲸把尾鳍高高举出水面，正对着大风，以便像船帆似 的，让大风推着它们，得意洋洋 ．．．．地“驶”向海岸。 D．研究者们各执己见，众说纷纭 ．．．．。 解析A项中应是“比比皆是”。“比比皆是”和“俯拾皆是”都表示相同的事物很多，到处都是。前者侧重表示多得很，到处都是；后者侧重表示容易得到。 答案 A 4．下列各句没有语病的一句是() A．动物的游戏行为，是动物行为研究中被认为最复杂、最难以捉摸、引起争论最多的
行为。 B．在动物身上，无论从形态结构、生理过程和行为方面去分析，尽可能节省能量的例子比比皆是。 C．地震发生后，当地政府及解放军部队全力救助，目前灾区群众已住进了临时帐篷，防止余震再次发生。 D．有人认为科学家终日埋头科研，不问家事，有点不近人情，然而事实却是对这种偏见的最好说明。 解析B项中应将“和”改为“还是”；C项不合逻辑，应为“预防余震发生”；D项中“事实是说明”正好说反了，依句意应是“事实正是对上述说法的反驳”。 答案 A 5．下列句子中标点符号的使用，不正确的一项是() A．马驹常常欢快地连续扬起前蹄，轻盈地蹦跳；猴类喜欢在地上翻滚，拉着树枝荡秋千……单独游戏时动物显得自由自在。 B．这些科学家认为，动物游戏是为了“自我娱乐”，而自我娱乐是动物天性的表现，正像捕食、逃避敌害，繁殖行为等是动物的天性一样。 C．这几种假说，哪一种更有道理？动物的游戏，究竟是为了“演习”，为了“自娱”，为了“学习”，还是为了“锻炼”？研究者们各执己见，众说纷纭。 D．电视剧《水浒传》标明作者为施耐庵、罗贯中，引起许多观众的疑惑：《水浒传》的作者不是施耐庵吗？怎么又多出个罗贯中？ 解析B项中，第二个“自我娱乐”也应加引号，“逃避敌害”后的逗号应改为顿号，因为三者处在同一等级的并列上。 答案 B 6．下列语句排列正确的一项是() ①否则，我就只能相信，这些曲调是真正的音乐。 ②那些歌也许是有关航行，或有关浮游节肢动物的来源，或有关领地界限的简单而实打实的叙述和声明。 ③当然还有其他方法来解释鲸鱼之歌。 ④除非有一天有人证明，这些长长的、缭绕的、执著的曲调，被不同的歌唱者重复着，又加上了它们各自的修饰，这不过是为了向海面下数百英里之外传递像“鲸鱼在这儿”之类寻常的信息。 ⑤但迄今证据还没有得到。 A．③①②⑤④B．②③①④⑤ C．⑤②③①④D．③②⑤④① 解析注意“否则”“除非”“但”等词。
高中英语语法填空专项训练八 A Adam is 46. freshman in senior high school. 47. (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big difficulty to him. The first week was a little confusing. First, he had to think very carefully about 48. courses he wanted to take. On the 49. (recommend) of the school adviser, he chose the suitable ones. Chinese is a very difficult language for him, but he hopes to be fluent when he 50. (graduate). As for extra-curricular 51. (activity), he tried to join the school football team, but the coach refused because of his poor performance. 52. (obvious), he was unhappy, but he won’t quit. He joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, he works at a soup kitchen and hands 53. food to homeless people in the community. 54. he is worried about keeping up with the other students in his advanced course and it’ll be quite difficult 55. (get) used to all the homework, he is happy to be there. He will be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. B The following true story happened several years ago in the Paris Opera. A famous singer had agreed 71. (sing), and ticket sales were increasing. As a matter of fact, the night of the concert found the house packed and all the 72. (ticket) sold. The feeling of excitement was in the air as the house manager took the stage and said, “Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your enthusiastic support. I′m afraid because 73. illness, the man whom you come to hear will not be performing tonight. But we have found a person to take 74. (he) place. He will provide you with 75. same joy.” Hearing this, the crowd shouted in 76. (disappoint) and failed to hear the announcer mention the stand-in’s name. The stand-in performer tried his best. When he had finished, there was nothing 77. an uncomfortable silence. No one applauded (鼓掌). 78. (sudden), a little boy stood up and shouted, “Daddy, I think you are wonderful!” In a moment, the crowd 79. (break) into thunderous applause. We all need people in our lives 80. are willing to stand up once in a while and say, “I think you are wonderful.”
高一英语限时训练一（2014年2月19日） 班级：姓名： Passage 1 Many people think that Americans 1 their cars almost more than anything else. When 2__ people are fourteen years old, they want to have their __3_ cars. They don’t ask for a car from their 4__. So many of them work in _5_ time during their last year of high school to buy a car. Learning to 6 _ and getting a driver’s license may be one of the most exciting things in a young person’s life. Some people almost 7 _ go to a doctor when they are ill. But they will __8_ their cars to a garage as soon as they think there is a 9 . On Saturdays or Sundays some people may 10 most of their time washing and repairing their cars. 1. A. prefer B. love C. drive D. play 2. A. little B. big C. old D. young 3. A. new B. own C. expensive D. cheap 4. A, friends B. teachers C. parents D. brothers 5. A. free B. busy C. study D. good 6. A. make B. mend C. wash D. drive 7. A. always B. never C. often D. usually 8. A. take B. carry C. pull D. lift 9. A. question B. wrong C. mistake D. problem 10. A. cost B. get C. spend D. use Passage 2 Someone says, “Time is money.” But I think time is __1__ important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can get it back. However, when time is 2 it’ll never 3 . That’s 4 we mustn’t waste time. It goes without saying that the 5 is usually limited. Even a second is very important. We should make full use of our time to do 6__ useful. But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of time. They spent their limited time smoking, drinking and __7 . They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own __8 . In a word, we should save time. We shouldn’t 9 today’s work for tomorrow. Remember we have no time to 10 . 1. A. much B. less C. much less D. even more 2. A. cost B. bought C. gone D. finished 3. A. return B. carry C. take D. bring 4. A. what B. that C. because D. why
双基限时练(二十六) 1．已知下列四个等式： ①sin(α＋β)＝sin αcos β＋cos αsin β； ②cos(α＋β)＝cos αcos β－sin αsin β； ③cos ? ?? ??π2＋α＝－sin α； ④tan(α－β)＝tan α－tan β1＋tan αtan β . 其中恒成立的等式有( ) A ．2个 B ．3个 C ．4个 D ．5个 解析 ①，②，③对任意角α，β恒成立，④中的α，β还要使正 切函数有意义． 答案 B 2.1－tan15°1＋tan15° 的值为( ) A. 3 B.33 C ．1 D ．－ 3 解析 原式＝tan45°－tan15°1＋tan45°tan15° ＝tan(45°－15°)＝tan30°＝33. 答案 B 3．设tan(α＋β)＝25，tan ? ????β－π4＝14，则tan ? ?? ??α＋π4等于( ) A.1328 B.1322 C.322 D.16 3．已知α，β为锐角，cos α＝45，tan(α－β)＝－13，则tan β的值为 ( )
A.13 B.139 C.1315 D.59 答案 B 4．已知tan α＋tan β＝2，tan(α＋β)＝4，则tan αtan β等于( ) A ．2 B ．1 C.12 D ．4 解析 因为tan(α＋β)＝tan α＋tan β 1－tan αtan β＝21－tan αtan β ＝4，所以tan αtan β＝12. 答案 C 5．若0<α<π2，0<β<π2，且tan α＝17，tan β＝34，则α＋β等于( ) A.π6 B.π4 C.π3 D.3π4 解析 由已知可求得tan(α＋β)＝1. 又0<α＋β<π，∴α＋β＝π4. 答案 B 6．已知tan α和tan ? ????π4－α是方程ax 2＋bx ＋c ＝0的两个根，则a ，b ，c 的关系是( ) A ．b ＝a ＋c B ．2b ＝a ＋c C ．c ＝b ＋a D ．c ＝ab 解析 由韦达定理可知tan α＋tan ? ????π4－α＝－b a 且tan αtan ? ?? ??π4－a ＝
双基限时练(三) 1．设f ′(x 0)＝0，则曲线y ＝f (x )在点(x 0，f (x 0))处的切线( ) A ．不存在 B ．与x 轴垂直 C ．与x 轴平行 D ．与x 轴平行或重合 答案 D 2．一木块沿某一斜面自由下滑，测得下滑的水平距离s 与时间t 之间的函数关系为s ＝18t 2，则当t ＝2时，此木块在水平方向的瞬时速 度为( ) A. 2 B. 1 C.12 D .14 解析 s ′＝lim Δt →0 Δs Δt ＝lim Δt →0 18(t ＋Δt )2－18t 2Δt ＝lim Δt →0 14tΔt ＋18(Δt )2Δt ＝lim Δt →0 (14t ＋18Δt )＝14t . ∴当t ＝2时，s ′＝12. 答案 C 3．若曲线y ＝h (x )在点P (a ，h (a ))处切线方程为2x ＋y ＋1＝0，则 ( ) A ．h ′(a )<0 B ．h ′(a )>0 C ．h ′(a )＝0 D ．h ′(a )的符号不定 解析 由2x ＋y ＋1＝0，得h ′(a )＝－2<0. ∴h ′(a )<0. 答案 A
4．曲线y ＝9x 在点(3,3)处的切线方程的倾斜角α等于( ) A ．45° B ．60° C ．135° D ．120° 解析 k ＝y ′＝lim Δx →0 Δy Δx ＝lim Δx →0 9x ＋Δx －9x Δx ＝lim Δx →0 －9x (x ＋Δx )＝－9x 2. ∴当x ＝3时，tan α＝－1.∴α＝135°. 答案 C 5．在曲线y ＝x 2 上切线倾斜角为π4的点是( ) A ．(0,0) B ．(2,4) C ．(14，116) D ．(12，14) 解析 y ′＝lim Δx →0 Δy Δx ＝lim Δx →0 (x ＋Δx )2－x 2Δx ＝lim Δx →0 2xΔx ＋(Δx )2Δx ＝lim Δx →0 (2x ＋Δx )＝2x . 令2x ＝tan π4＝1，∴x ＝12，y ＝14. 故所求的点是(12，14)． 答案 D 6．已知曲线y ＝2x 2上一点A (2,8)，则过点A 的切线的斜率为________． 解析 k ＝f ′(2)＝lim Δx →0 2(2＋Δx )2－2×22Δx
完形填空专项练习： 1 A "dark horse "is one that shows unexpected racing speed and comes in first, 1 the experts said he had little chance of winning. In politics, an 2 candidate (候选人) for office who 3 a nomination(提名)or election is called a "dark horse". British Prime Minister Benjamin Disrael is believed to 4 the first to use the phrase. In his novel, "The Young Duke ", published in 1831, Disrael described a horse race and told how the two top choices fell 5 ,while "a dark horse "which had never been thought of rushing past the grandstand (看台)in a sweeping triumph. From racing to politics was a short step. As a political phrase, “dark horse ” 6 for the first time in the national Democratic Party congress of 1844. The "dark horse" was James Knox Polk who became the llth President of the United States. Polk had been the leader of the House of Representatives from 1835 to 1839. He had 7 been Governor of the state of Tennessee. But as a national leader, he was considered a political 8 . Nevertheless, he 9 won the Democratic nomination and was elected 10 .Martin Van Buren of New York, A former President, seemed sure of getting the nomination. But he opposed making the territory of Texas part of the United States as mother state. He was 11 it because there was slavery in Texas. Van Buren did not want another slave state in the Union. As a result, he 12 support among those Democrats who supported slavery. At the 1884 congress, Van Buren could not get enough votes to win the nomination. The congress got into 13 . Therefore, the Democratic leaders decided that the only wise thing would be to run a "dark horse ", 14 who could unite the party. And so, one of the party leaders, George Bancroft, proposed the name of James Knox Polk. He won, and the party 15 behind him, And he defeated his opponent , Henry Clay of the Whig Party. 16 the 1844 congress, the "dark horse "candidates became an established fact of national political life. One historian said, "The invention of the dark horse was 17 a remarkable product of our professional politics. "This made 18 possible for party leaders to choose candidates who were not tied to certain ideas. Therefore, they represented 19 and had developed 20 enemies. 1. A. so B. even though C. so that D. as if 2. A. unknown B. famous C. popular D. known 3. A. accepts B. looks forward to C. refuses D. wins 4. A. be B. being C. been D. have been 5. A. about B. behind C. asleep D. back 6. A. happened B. appeared C. used D. was come about 7. A. as well B. either C. also D. too 8. A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody 9. A. difficultly B. successfully C. surprisingly D. easily 10. A. President B. a President C. the President D. the governor 11. A. for B. against C. in favor of D. in favor with 12. A. won B. received C. lost D. wasted 13. A. votes B. help C. efforts D. money
高中英语语言运用限时训练 完形，语法填空，话题写作 I. 完形填空（1.5X20 =30分） Another person’s enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother(继母). I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My father 1 me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is 2 for being the worst boy in this area and will probably start throwing stones at you no 3 than tomorrow morning.” My stepmother walked over to me, 4 my head slightly upward, and looked me right in the eye. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are 5 . This is not the worst boy at all, 6 the smartest one who hasn’t yet found an outlet（释放的途径）for his enthusiasm.” Her words began a(n) 7 between us. No one had ever called me smart. My family and neighbors had built me up in my 8 as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that. She changed many things. She 9 my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into a town, where my father’s career could be more 10 and my brother and I could be better 11 . When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand 12 and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, I 13 it, and I saw how it had already improved our lives. I accepted her 14 and began to write for local newspapers. I was doing the same kind of 15 that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my life’s work later. I wasn’t the 16 beneficiary (受益者). My father became the 17 man in the town. My brothers and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president. What power 18 has! When that power is used to realize one’s dream and is
2019-2020年高中数学双基限时练12 新人教A版必修3 1．问题：①有1000个乒乓球分别装在3个箱子内，其中红色箱子内有500个，蓝色箱子内有200个，黄色箱子内有300个，现从中抽取一个容量为100的样本；②从20名学生中选出3名参加座谈会． 方法：Ⅰ.简单随机抽样法Ⅱ.系统抽样法Ⅲ.分层抽样法．其中问题与方法能配对的是( ) A．①Ⅰ，②ⅡB．①Ⅲ，②Ⅰ C．①Ⅱ，②ⅢD．①Ⅲ，②Ⅱ 解析读题知①用分层抽样法，②用简单随机抽样法． 答案 B 2．一个单位有职工160人，其中有业务员104人，管理人员32人，后勤服务人员24人，要从中抽取一个容量为20的样本，用分层抽样方法抽出样本，则在20人的样本中管理人员人数为( ) A．3 B．4 C．12 D．7 解析由题意可得20 160 ×32＝4. 答案 B 3．某地区为了解居民家庭生活状况，先把居民按所在行业分为几类，然后每个行业抽1 100的居民家庭进行调查，这种抽样是( ) A．简单随机抽样B．系统抽样 C．分层抽样D．分类抽样 答案 C 4．一个总体分为A，B两层，其个体数之比为，用分层抽样方法从总体中抽取一个容量为10的样本，则A层中抽取的样本个数为( ) A．8 B．6 C．4 D．2 答案 A 5．某大学数学系共有本科生5000人，其中一、二、三、四年级的学生数之比为4:3:2:1.要用分层抽样的方法从所有本科生中抽取一个容量为200的样本，则应抽三年级的学生( ) A．80人B．40人 C．60人D．20人
解析 分层抽样应按比例抽取，所以应抽取三年级的学生人数为200×2 10＝40. 答案 B 6．一个单位共有职工200人，其中不超过45岁的有120人，超过45岁的有80人．为了调查职工的健康状况，用分层抽样的方法从全体职工中抽取一个容量为25的样本，应抽取超过45岁的职工________人． 解析 依题意得，抽取超过45岁的职工人数为25 200×80＝10. 答案 10 7．某工厂生产A ，B ，C 三种不同型号的产品，产品数量之比依次为 现用分层 抽样方法抽出一个容量为n 的样本，样本中A 种型号产品有16件，那么此样本的容量n ＝________. 解析 由题意得n ＝16×10 2＝80. 答案 80 8．课题组进行城市空气质量调查，按地域把24个城市分成甲、乙、丙三组，对应城市数分别为4,12,8.若用分层抽样抽取6个城市，则丙组中应抽取的城市数为________． 答案 2 9．某企业有三个车间，第一车间有x 人，第二车间有300人，第三车间有y 人，采用分层抽样的方法抽取一个容量为45人的样本，第一车间被抽取20人，第三车间被抽取10人，问：这个企业第一车间、第三车间各有多少人？ 解 x ＝20×30045－20－10＝400(人)，y ＝10×300 45－20－10 ＝200(人)． 10．某单位有工程师6 人，技术员12 人，技工18 人，要从这些人中抽取一个容量为 n 的样本．如果采用系统抽样和分层抽样方法抽取，都不用剔除个体；如果样本容量增加1 个，则在采用系统抽样时，需要在总体中先剔除1个个体，求样本容量n . 解 解法1：总体容量为6＋12＋18＝36(人)．当样本容量是n 时，由题意知，系统抽样的间隔为36n ，分层抽样的比例是n 36，抽取工程师人数为n 36×6＝n 6人，技术人员人数为n 36×12 ＝n 3人，技工人数为n 36×18＝n 2 人，所以n 应是6的倍数，36的约数，即n ＝6,12,18. 当样本容量为(n ＋1)时，总体容量是35 人，系统抽样的间隔为35n ＋1，因为35 n ＋1 必须是整数，所以n 只能取6，即样本容量n ＝6. 解法2：总体容量为6＋12＋18＝36(人)． 当抽取n 个个体时，不论是系统抽样还是分层抽样，都不用剔除个体，所以n 应为