Unit4 单元语法定语从句
形式
担任定语功能的句子叫定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词;连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
感知
①The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my grandma cannot forget.
②He is the man who lives next door.
③The supplies which were provided for the disaster area were collected from around the country.
④Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town of Wenchuan have won praise.
⑤Jeffrey is not such d intelligent person as you think.
①—⑤为关系代词引导的定语从句。
用法
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
The girl who answered the phone was polite enough.
接电话的那个女孩很有礼貌。（作主语）
The professor (who) you wish to see has gone abroad.
你希望见的那位教授出国了。（作宾语）
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,有时可省略。
He is the man (whom) you have been looking for.
他就是你一直在找的那个人。
3. whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。
This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country.
这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。（指人）
He lives in a room whose window faces north.
他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。（指物）
4. that指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。（作主语）
The film that/which I saw is about a young teacher.
我看的那部电影是关于一位年轻教师的。（作宾语）
5. which,指事或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
他喜欢看外国作家写的书。（作主语）
The car which I hired broke down.
我租的那辆车坏了。（作宾语）
二、关系代词that与which的用法区别
1. 宜用that不宜用which的情况：
①当先行词是all、much、little、something、everything、anything、nothing、none等不定代词时。
You should hand in all that you have.
你应该上交你拥有的一切。
②当先行词被all、every、no、some、any、little、much、the only、the very、the last 等修饰时。
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
我们唯一能做的就是给你一些钱。
③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.
这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
④当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
What is the first American film that you have seen?
你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？
⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the persons and things that they are talking about?
你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？
2. 宜用which不宜用that的情况：
①在非限制性定语从句中。
Football, which is a very interesting game, is played in many countries.
足球是一项很有趣的运动，很多国家都踢。
②关系代词前有介词时。
This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live.
这是鲁迅曾住过的地方。
③先行词本身就是that时。
I don’t like that which he did.
我不喜欢他做的那件事。
即时训练
单句填空
1. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.
2. Simon has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy is a comedian.
3. You’ll find taxis you can take to reach your host family waiting at the bus station.
4. All the people came here had equal chances to develop their speaking skills.
5. A company profits from home market are declining may seek
opportunities abroad.
6. These articles are the very ones should be read.
7. The house in I used to live has become a shoe shop.
完成句子
8. 昨天我在街上遇见的那个人是我的经理。
The man is my manager.
9. 你记得三个月前我们参观的那家养鸡场吗？
Do you remember the chicken farm ?
10. 桂林是世界各地的人们想去游览的最美的地方。
Guilin is the most beautiful place .
11. 那个女孩学习非常刻苦,她的妈妈是一位教师。
The girl studies very hard.
12. 我要谈论一下我所访问过的国家和人民。
I am going to talk about the countries and people .
13. 这个擅长英语的小男孩买了一本新词典。
The boy bought a new dictionary.
14. 我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。
I’d like a ro om faces the sea.
15. 在地震中，死亡与受伤的人数达到100,000。
The number of people reached 100 , 000 in the earthquake.
16. 许多在地震中失去父母的孩子被送到其他城市的家庭里生活。
A number of children were sent to live with families in other cities.
语法填空
Dear Lily,
I will tell you something 17 happened last night.I felt lonely at home，and the only thing 18 I could do was watch a movie. 19 is the most moving film 20 I had ever seen.The things and people 21 I saw in the film were unforgettable. Do you know the
name of the film about 22 I talked？It’s Captain Marvel.Now I prefer to watch movies at home.
Will you join me？
Yours,
Li hua 17.__________ 18. __________ 19. __________
20. __________ 21. __________ 22. __________
答案：
1. that/which考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为small houses，故填that/which
2. who/that考查定语从句。句意：西蒙是一个喜剧演员，有10年教授喜剧的经验。所填词在从句中作主语，先行词为
Simon，故填who/that
3. which/that考查定语从句。句意：你将发现有出租车在汽车站等候，你可以乘出租车到达寄宿家庭。所填词引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词为taxis，故填which/that
4. who/that考查定语从句。关系词指人，在从句中作主语，故填who/that
5. whose考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，故填whose
6. that考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句且先行词由the very修饰，只能填that
7. which考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句且位于介词后故填which
8. who/whom/that I met yesterday in the street
9. that/which we visited three months ago
10. that people all over the world want to visit
11. whose mother is a teacher
12. that I have visited
13. who is good at English
14. whose window
15. who died or were injured
16. whose parents died in the earthquake
17. that考查定语从句。先行词为something，故填that
18. that考查定语从句。先行词被the only修饰，故填that
19. It考查代词。这里用I代指movIe
20. that考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰，关系词在从句中充当宾语，故填that
21. that考查定语从句。先行词为The things and people，既有人又有物，故填that
22. which考查定语从句。关系代词前有介词about，指物，故填which
23. that/which
24. in which
Unit4 Period Ⅰ 核心词汇 How do you prefer to make friends? 你更喜欢怎么交朋友? 教材P38 ?prefer v.更喜欢 常用搭配 ①prefer+名词/动名词/不定式 I prefer apples.=I prefer having apples.=I prefer to have apples. 我更喜欢吃苹果。 ②prefer sb (not) to do sth宁愿某人(不)做某事 My daddy prefers me not to swim in that river because it's too dangerous. 我爸爸宁愿我不要去那条河里游泳，因为那里太危险了。 ③prefer sth to sth/prefer doing sth to doing sth与(做)某事(后者)相比更喜欢(做)某事(前者) I prefer green tea to coffee. 与咖啡相比，我更喜欢绿茶。 I prefer cooking myself to eating out. 我宁愿自己做饭也不愿出去吃。 ④prefer to do sth rather than do sth = would rather do sth than do sth宁愿做某事(前者)而不愿做某事(后者) I prefer to stay at home rather than go out in the heavy rain. 我宁愿待在家里也不想冒大雨出去。 ⑤would prefer to do sth更愿意做某事 I'd prefer to go there on foot, for there's so much traffic. 因为车太多了,我更愿意步行去那儿。 联想词 preference n.偏爱 Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.多亏科技的进步，我们交朋友以及和朋友联系的方式已经发生了巨大的变化。教材P38 ?advance ?n.[C]进步；进展 We live in an age of rapid technological advances. 我们生活在科技迅猛发展的时代。 常用搭配 in advance (=ahead of time)提前；预先 in advance of... 在......前；比......先进 make an advance in ( doing) sth 在某方面取得进步 He wanted to book a ticket for the football match in advance, but missed the chance. 他想提前订一张足球赛的票,但错过了机会。 People were evacuated from the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane. 在飓风来袭之前，人们已经从沿海地带撤离。 In the near future，scientists will make an advance in robot technology. 在不久的将来,科学家将在机器人技术方面取得进步。 ?v. (知识、技术等)发展，进步；促进；推动
Unit4 单元语法定语从句
形式 担任定语功能的句子叫定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词;连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。 感知 ①The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my grandma cannot forget. ②He is the man who lives next door. ③The supplies which were provided for the disaster area were collected from around the country. ④Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town of Wenchuan have won praise. ⑤Jeffrey is not such d intelligent person as you think. ①—⑤为关系代词引导的定语从句。 用法 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。 The girl who answered the phone was polite enough. 接电话的那个女孩很有礼貌。（作主语） The professor (who) you wish to see has gone abroad. 你希望见的那位教授出国了。（作宾语）
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,有时可省略。 He is the man (whom) you have been looking for. 他就是你一直在找的那个人。 3. whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。 This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country. 这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。（指人） He lives in a room whose window faces north. 他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。（指物） 4. that指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。（作主语） The film that/which I saw is about a young teacher. 我看的那部电影是关于一位年轻教师的。（作宾语） 5. which,指事或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢看外国作家写的书。（作主语） The car which I hired broke down. 我租的那辆车坏了。（作宾语） 二、关系代词that与which的用法区别 1. 宜用that不宜用which的情况： ①当先行词是all、much、little、something、everything、anything、nothing、none等不定代词时。 You should hand in all that you have. 你应该上交你拥有的一切。 ②当先行词被all、every、no、some、any、little、much、the only、the very、the last 等修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
Unit4 Friends forever 知识点 一、核心单词 （A）写作词汇——写词形 1.________adv.永远 2. ________v.保持，维持 3. ________n.无线网络，无线上网 4. ________v.点击（鼠标） 5. ________adj.数字的，数码的 6. ________n.网站 7. ________n.最新消息 8. ________n.格言，谚语，警句 9. ________v.获得，得到 10. ________n.商品 11. ________n.青少年，十几岁的孩子（13到19岁之间的孩子） 12. ________v.灌，注，倒 13. ________n.锅 14. ________n.克 15. ________n.小盒，小包 16. ________n.片，薄片 17. ________n.素质，品德 18. ________v.使（事件、行动等）延期，推迟 19________adj.普通的，平常的 20. ________v拖，拉 21. ________n.伙伴，搭档 22. ________v.划（火柴） 23. ________adj.简单的，朴素的 24. ________n.场景 25. ________adv.痛苦地，愤恨地 26. ________n.个性，性格________
27. ________n.气氛，氛围，环境________ （B）阅读词汇——明词义________ 1.criminal n. ________ 2.bathwater n. ________ 3.illustrate v. ________ 4.diagram n. ________ 5.passion n. ________ 6.scar n. ________ 7.dine v. ________ 8.chum n. ________ 9.chap n. ________ 10.destiny n. ________ 11.correspond v. ________ 12.proposition n. ________ 13.hustle v. ________ 14.staunch adj. ________ 15.excerpt n. ________ 16.cigar n. ________ （C）拓展词汇——灵活用 1. ________adj.熟悉的→________adj.陌生的，不熟悉的→________n.熟悉，通晓；认识→________adv.友好随便地；（过分）亲昵地；人们熟悉地 2. ________n.历险（经历），奇遇→________adj.有冒险精神的；新奇的；惊险的 3. ________v.更喜欢→________n.偏爱；爱好 4. ________v.递送，传送→________n.传送，递送；交付；分娩；演讲方式 5. ________n进步，进展→________adj.先进的；高级的；高等的 6. ________ad.重大地，显著地→________ad.有重大意义的；重要的→________n.意义；含义；重要性 7. ________v.使可能，使发生→________adj.有能力的→________n.能力 8. ________adj.异常的，不平常的→________adj.通常的→________adv.通常地；
名师原创：Unit4 单元考点突破 ●词汇精讲 1. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的 【原句再现】 When I’m away in places new, with no familiar faces in view, I gives me pleasure to think of you and the adventures we’ve been through. 【词块积累】 unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓 sb. be familiar with sb./sth. 某人熟悉某人或某物 sth/sb. be familiar to sb. 某物对于某人来说是熟悉的 【精品例句】 They are already familiar faces on our TV screens. 他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了 I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar to most readers. 我以圣诞节为例，是因为大多数读者对这个节日很熟悉 The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland. 你最熟悉的主题公园大概是迪士尼乐园 【高考链接】 Thomas Edison was familiar ____ the people all over the world. (广东卷.语法填空) 【考点训练】 在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词） These young people are all familiar _____ these hot words online. (with) The story book are familiar _____ us. (to) 2. track vt. 跟踪，追踪；n.足迹，轨道，车辙，小路，跑道 【原句再现】 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? 【词块积累】 follow one’s tracks 跟踪某人 a single/double track 单/双轨 track events 径赛项目 keep track of…与…保持联系；了解…动态 lose track of…失去…线索；与…失去联系；忘记 【精品例句】
U nit4 Book 4 1.Dutch courage 酒后之勇 Dutch treat AA制 2．float on the river 漂浮在河面上 3．folk music 民间音乐 folk art 民间艺术 4．set /put the machine in motion 启动机器In motion 在运行中；在运动中 5．be composed of=be made up of=consist of 由…组成 6．different ethnic groups 不同民族 7. innovative adj 创新的 innovate v 创新；改革 innovation n 创新；改革8．contrast with 与…形成对照 in contrast to/with 和…对比 9．a distinct change 一个明显的改变 10. on display=on show=on exhibition 展览；陈列 display his works 展示他的作品11．come to life=come to oneself= come to one’s senses 苏醒过来 come to life 变得活跃 come to an end 结束 come to a conclusion 得出结论 come to=add up to 合计；总计为12．a puzzled expression/look 疑惑的表情 the expression of thought 表达思想 useful expressions 有用的短语 express oneself 表达想法； 表达思想 an express train 快速列车13．the human spirit 人文精神 be in high/good spirit 情绪高涨 be in low/poor spirit 情绪低落 the spirit of Lei Feng 雷锋精神 drink spirits 和烈性酒 13．so as to do 为了（不放在句首） in order to do 为了（放句首句中均可） in order not to do 为了不 in order that 为了（引导目的状语从句）14．be known as 作为…而出名；被称作 be known to sb. 被某人所熟知 be known for 因…而出名 be noted for 因…而出名 be celebrated for 因…而出名 15．be /feel grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人 appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事 thank you for your help 感谢你的帮助16．represent the beauty of nature 代表自然的美（代表同类人或物） US stands for the United States. (指符号和标志) on behalf of my class 代表我的班级17．bring out 使显现；表现出 bring about 引起；导致 bring back 回忆 bring down 降低 bring forward 提出 bring in 引进；赚 bring up 抚养；提出；呕吐18．drive insects away 驱赶虫子 1
新外研社（19）高中英语必修一Unit4Friends forever单元知识总结（一）短语 1.be familiar with …对…..熟悉 2.be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉 3.lose track of 不了解…..的情况，不了解…..的动态 4.Keep track of 与…..保持联系；记录 例句：He lost track of his good friend after graduation 5.deliver sb. a lecture 给…..作报告 6.thanks to 归功于…..，多亏…… 7.in advance 提前 8. change significantly 变化显著 9.social media 社交媒体 10.tend to 照顾； 11.tend to do sth.倾向于做….. 12.enable sb.to do sth.使某人有能力做某事 13.throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃 14.pour in 蜂拥而至 15.pour down （雨）倾盆而下 16.be anxious about …为…..担心/担忧 17.with anxiety 忧虑地 18.postpone（=put off ）doing sth. 推迟做某事 19．Make one’s fortune 发财 20..ought to 应该；应当 21.correspind with …与…通信联系 22.turn up 1)(意外或终于)出现2）调低（音量） 23.be ashamed of 对…..难为情 24.work out 理解；锻炼；训练；进展顺利；算出；拟出（计划、安排）. 25.face to face 面对面 26.stay in touch with …和…..保持联系
Unit4 Meeting the muse 语法 动词不定式，-ing和-ed形式作表语 观察1 观察下列句子，体会不定式作表语和动名词作表语的区别。 ①My favorite sport is playing table tennis. 我最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。 ②My task today is to teach children to play table tennis. 我今天的任务是教孩子们打乒乓球。 (3) My dream is to be admitted into a key university. 我的梦想是被一所重点大学录取。 ④What I hate most is being laughed at in public. 我最厌恶的就是当众被嘲笑。 归纳1 ①作表语表示按计划和安排要发生的事情，表示“要做的事”或某次具体的动作；②作表语表示比较抽象的一般的行为，说明主语的内容。 观察2 观察下列句子，体会现在分词作表语和过去分词作表语的区别。 ①It is really inspiring to hear that the Chinese Women’s V olleyball Team has got a honor of five consecutive championships. 听说中国女排连续五次获得冠军的荣誉，真是鼓舞人心。 ②We are deeply inspired by the news that the Chinese Women's V olleyball Team has got a honor of five consecutive championships. 中国女排连续五次获得冠军的荣誉的消息使我们深受鼓舞。 ③We are amazed to find that it was a disabled man who made this great scientific discovery. 我们惊奇地发现是一个残疾人做出了这个伟大的科学发现。 ④It was amazing that a disabled man had made this great scientific discovery. 一个残疾人做出了这个伟大的科学发现，真是令人吃惊。
定语从句 定语从句在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词,被修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词。定语从句通常跟在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有:when, where, why等。 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句：关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或 物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 (1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词, 在从句中作主语或宾语。如: He is the right person who I want to find for my film. (2) whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。若指物时,它还可以用n.+ of which结构来替换。如: Please pass me the book whose cover is torn. Please pass me the book the cover of which is torn. Please pass me the book of which the cover is torn. (3) which, that所代替的先行词是表示物的名词或代词,在从句中可 作主语、宾语等。如: Italy is a famous city which has a lot of buildings. 2. 关系副词引导的定语从句:关系副词前的先行词是表示时间、地点 或理由的名词,when, where, why等引导的从句在句中作状语。 关系副词的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构。如: Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
Unit4Book 1 1.Sb. be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉某事 Sth. be familiar to sb. 某事为某人所熟知2．prefer doing to doing 更喜欢做某事而不喜欢做另一件事prefer to do rather than do 更喜欢做某事而不喜欢做另一件事 2.lose track of 与…失去联系 3.deliver goods 送货 deliver a speech 发表演讲 deliver a baby 接生婴儿 4.maintain a car 保养汽车 maintain your health 保持你的健康 5.Sth. enables sb. to do sth. 某事使某人能够做某事 6.tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事 tend to sb. 照顾某人 tend to sth. 照料某事 7.update the software on my phone 更新我的手机软件 8.as the saying goes 正如谚语所说；俗话说； 常言道 as is known to all 众所周知 as is often the case 通常这样 as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/4119213949.html,mit a crime 犯罪 10.acquire a law degree 获得法律学位 acquire job experience 获得工作经验 11.illustrate his point with date 用数据阐述他的观点 12．in one’s teens 在十几岁时 13．It’s pouring down. 大雨倾盆而下。 pour sb. a cup of tea 给某人倒一杯茶14. a sense of humour 幽默感 15．be anxious about 对..感到忧虑 be anxious to do sth. 很想做某事 16. in the distance 在远处 17．postpone/delay/put off doing 推迟做某事 18. make an appointment with sb. 和某人约会（事务性） 19．strike a match 画火柴 20．plain style 朴素风格 plain English 浅显易懂的英语 21. be /feel ashamed of 对…感到羞愧 22．be located in at 位于 23．be up to sth. 忙于某事 It’s up to sb. to do sth. 由某人决定做某事 up to now= up to date= up to the present =so far =by now 到目前为止（与现在完成时连用） up to the standard 达到标准 24．even if =even though 即使 as if=as though 好像 25．keep in mind that 记住 keep sth. in mind 记住某事 26．share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某事 和某人共用某物 和某人共有某物27．remain the same 保持相同 Sth. remains to be done 某事有待于被做28．be set in 背景为；背景设定在 29．make one’s fortune=make a fortune 发财30．turn up=show up=appear 出现 turn down 调小；拒绝 31. no matter what= whatever 无论什么；不管什么 1
2019年新版外研社高中英语教材 必修一Unit 4 Friends forever词性转换 1.familiar adj.熟悉的→unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 2.prefer v.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱; 爱好 3.deliver v.递送, 传送→delivery n.交付, 递送 4.advance n.进步, 进展→advanced adj.先进的, 高级的 5.significant adj.重大的→significantly adv.重大地,显著地 →significance n.意义，重要性 6.able adj.有能力的，能干的→ability n.能力→enable v.使可能，使发生 https://www.doczj.com/doc/4119213949.html,ual adj.通常的，惯例的，平常的→unusual adj.异常的，不平常的→usually adv.通常 8.crime n.罪行，犯罪活动→criminal n.罪犯 9.date n.日期→update n.最新消息 10.illustrate v．(举例)说明，阐明→illustration n.说明，插图 11.inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→inspire v.鼓舞，激发，启示→in spired adj.受到鼓舞的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感 12.anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n.担心，焦虑，渴望 →anxiously adv.焦虑地 13.social adj.社会的，社交的→society n.社会，社团，协会 14.tend v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事→tendency n.倾向，癖好
外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册Unit 4课文知识点讲义 Unit 4 Friends forever Understanding ideas 一、知识点： 1 if引导条件状语从句，其中moving to...为动名词短语作主语。 2 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。 3 what引导宾语从句。 4 who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。 5 whatever引导让步状语从句，该从句中省略了are；who引导定语从句，修 饰先行词others；even if引导让步状语从句。 6 when引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句。 7 that引导宾语从句，该从句中又含有what引导的主语从句。 8 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词positive updates。 9 although引导让步状语从句，该从句中又包括定语从句we acquire friends。 10 as引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作said的宾语；even if引导让步状语从 句。 二、单词&短语： 1 lose track of失去联系 2 what if倘使……将会怎样 3 faraway adj. 遥远的 4 thanks to由于，幸亏 5 advance n. 进步，进展
6 make friends交朋友 7 communicate with与……交流 8 significantly adv. 重大地；显著地 9 stay in touch with与……保持联系 10 social media 社交媒体 11 up to忙于 12 maintain v. 保持，维持 13 digital adj. 数字的，数码的 14 enable v. 使可能，使发生 15 unusual adj. 异常的，不平常的 16 meaningful adj. 有意义的 17 keep in mind 记住 18 site n. 网站 19 tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事 20 criminal n.罪犯 21 bathwater n.洗澡水 throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃 22 long for渴望 三、课文 CLICK FOR A FRIEND? How would you feel (1) if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway
动词不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词作表语 一、不定式作表语 1.不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我的建议是立刻开始干。 2.如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也应用不定式(表示结果)。 To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 二、动词-ing形式作表语 1.动词-ing形式作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people. 我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。 2.动词-ing形式作表语,说明主语的性质或情况,这时的动词-ing形式大多已经转化成了形容词。 The book is interesting.这本书有趣。 三、过去分词作表语 过去分词在句中作表语多表示主语所处的状态或是主语的心理,这时过去分词有些已经转化成了形容词。 The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。 Everyone got excited at the news. 听到这个消息每个人都感到兴奋。 Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。四、动词-ing形式作表语与过去分词作表语的区别
1.动词-ing形式作表语,说明主语的性质或特征,意为“令人……的”,有主动意思。如:exciting,moving,amusing,astonishing,frightening,interesting等。 2.过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态,意为“感到……的”,有被动的意思。 disappointed,encouraged,amused,astonished,hurt,frightened,amazed,excited,experie nced,interested,qualified,pleased,puzzled等。 五、不定式作表语和动词-ing作表语的区别 不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作；而动名词作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。 The old man’s job today is to paint the walls. 老人今天的工作是粉刷这些墙。 The old man’s job is painting the walls. 老人的工作是粉刷墙。
Unit4 Friends forever 语法-精讲破 一、定语从句的定义与分类 在主从复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句省去，则主句意思含糊不清：后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去从句，主句意思仍然清楚完整。 二、关系代词的用法 观察 They ignored the details which/that might result in the accident. 他们忽略了可能导致事故的细节。 This is the suitcase that/which she is looking for. 这是她正在找的手提箱。 The number of the people who/that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这个城市的人数达到一百万。 Danny was the man who/whom/that we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出的那个人。 I know the person whose house was totally destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个房子在地震中被完全摧毁的人。 归纳 三、在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用that而不用which的情况： 观察
Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? 你能给我任何里面没有糖的东西吗？ This is the first two-storey bus that runs in our city. 这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公共汽车。 Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. 桂林是我曾游览过的最美丽的城市。 This is the very scarf that Mother has been looking for. 这就是妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain？ 你能告诉我你在不列颠见到的人和事吗？ 归纳 l.当先行词是all、little、few、none、⑥________、something、everything、nothing 等不定代词时。 2.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被⑦________或⑧________修饰时。 3.当先行词被the only、⑨________、the last、the right等修饰时。 4.当先行词○10________时。 链接高考 单句语法填空 1.（2020全国新高考I，语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ________opened in 1759. 2.（2020全国Ⅲ，语法填空）n ancient China lived an artist ________paintings were almost lifelike. 3.（2020全国Ⅲ，短文改错）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food ________is provided by Mom with appreciation. 4.（2019课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空）They were well trained by their masters ________had great experience with caring for these animals. 5.（2019浙江，语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________gives off light in the dark.
Unit 4 Friends forever-Period 2 【教材分析】 本节课是高中英语第一册Unit 4 Friends forever的语法部分：定语从句之关系代词。众所周知，定语从句是高中英语教学中重要的语法部分，但同时也是特别困难的一个部分。在实际英语教学中，学生因为对英语句子成分没有清晰的概念，所以导致对定语从句知其然而不知其所以然。在教授定语从句时，可以先让学生搞清楚一些概念性的东西，然后从句子成分入手，使学生了解什么是定语，然后利用合并句子的方式解析定语从句是如何构成的，并引出引导词的使用方法。本单元主要专注于关系代词的使用，不必过分深入。 【教学目标与核心素养】 1．语言能力目标 （1）掌握定于从句的基本概念：定语，定语从句，先行词，关系代词； （2）了解关系代词在定于从句中的功能； （3）会根据实际情况灵活正确选用相应的关系代词。 2．思维品质目标：通过观察、分析、举例等方式，了解定语从句的相关基础知识，从而加深对定语从句的认识。 3．文化意识目标： （1）通过学习定语从句，进一步加深对英语的理解，进一步培养起对英语学习的兴趣。 （2）在学习过程中养成善观察，善钻研，善自学，不畏困难迎头而上的优秀学习品质。 3．学习能力目标：能够借助老师提供给自己的资源，通过自主学习和合作学习等方式，探究定语从句的相关概念，学会正确使用关系代词。 【教学重难点】 1．重点 （1）掌握定于从句的基本概念：定语，定于从句，先行词，关系代词； （2）了解关系代词在定于从句中的功能； （3）会根据实际情况灵活正确选用相应的关系代词。 2．难点：正确使用关系代词 【教学过程】
Unit4 Using language语法 非谓语动词作表语 [观察例句] 1．Every artist's wish is to create something that expresses an idea. 2．One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children's toys. 3．Yang Liping’s passion is dancing. [归纳用法] 1．不定式作表语常表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。 His teaching aim of this class is to train the students' speaking ability. 他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力。 2．-ing作表语，有两个特点： (1)表示抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常性的。 Its full-time job is laying eggs. 它的(指蚁后的)专职工作是产卵。 (2)表示主语的性质与特征 The situation is encouraging. 形势令人鼓舞。 常用作表语的-ing有：interesting，amusing，disappointing，missing，puzzling，exciting，inspiring，following等。 3．过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。 The workers were soon tired. 工人们很快就累了。 The book is well written. 这本书写得很好。 常用在句中作表语的过去分词有：used，closed，covered，interested，followed，satisfied，surrounded，done，lost，decided，prepared，saved，shut，won，completed，crowded，dressed，wasted，broken，married，unexpected等。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空
Unit 4 重点语法定语从句之关系代词 一、单项选择 1．Finally, the thief handed everything_______ he had stolen to the police . A．which B．what C．whatever D．that 2．Here is my classmate _____ bicycle was lost yesterday. A．his B．that C．whose D．which 3．Anything _____ could be found has been used to repair the damaged bridge. A．which B．that C．what D．不填 4．They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 5．When you go by train, make sure you take an express, ___________stops only at big stations. A．one B．one that C．that D．what 6．How many students are there in your class ________ homes are in the country? A．whose B．who C．whom D．which 7．This is the biggest lab__________we have ever built in our university. A．which B．what C．that D．Where 8．He is not such a man ________ cares for himself only. A．who B．that C．whom D．as 9．Here is my classmate ________ bicycle was lost yesterday. A．his B．that C．which D．whose 10．These books are for students ________ mother language is not English. A．of whom B．that C．which D．whose 11．This is the office ________ my parents are visiting now. A．which B．what C．who D．where 12．We’ll have our picnic in the place _____ most of us like best. A．where B．which C．who D．as 13．In the police station I saw the man from __________ room the thief had stolen the TV set. A．whom B．which C．that D．whose 14．I don’t like such a person _____ often lies before your face. A．what B．that C．as D．which 15．We should learn from those _____ are always ready to help others.