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选择性必修一Unit4语法:动词-ing 形式作宾语和表语

选择性必修一Unit4语法:动词-ing形式作宾语和表语

【基础知识讲解】

1.动词-ing 形式作宾语

(1)有些动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语。有此用法的动词有:allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny,enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, mention, permit, practice, quit, risk, suggest等。如:

例句:My mother advised asking a doctor to come and examine my eyes.

We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.

You can’t avoid making a mistake.

(2)有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可跟动词不定式作宾语,但用法和意义都有所不同。这些动词是:begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, mean,forget, remember, hate等。如:

例句:I remember posting the letter.

我记得我已把信寄了。

I’ll remember to post the letter.

我会记着去寄信的。

2.动词-ing 形式作表语

一种表示主语的性质、特征和状态,其作用相当于形容词;

另一种具体说明主语的内容,即主语等同于表语,两者可互换。

例句:

You look amazing tonight.

Seeing is believing.

The most important thing is getting there in time.

注意:

★–ing形式作主语和表语时与不定式to do的区别:

-ing形式和动词不定式to do作主语和表语的主要区别在于:在表示抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing形式;在表示具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。如:Eg:Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸烟)这里禁止吸烟。

Eg:It's not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸烟)吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。

【课后检测】

用适当的单词变形填空

1.【★★★】He tried to avoid _________________(answer) my questions.

【答案】answering

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:解析他试图对我的问题避而不答。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词try,因此此处是非谓语动词。avoid+doing“避免做某事”

2.【★★★】The boy was lucky to escape _________________ (punish).

【答案】being punished

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个男孩很幸运能逃脱被惩罚。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词was,因此此处是非谓语动词。escape+doing“逃脱做某事”,又因为男孩与punish 之间是被动,故填being punished。

3.【★★★】Missing the train means _________________(wait)for another hour.

【答案】waiting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时.分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词mean,故填非谓语动词。mean doing“意味着”。

4.【★★★】she remained (stand)though we repeatedly asked her to sit down.【答案】standing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下,但她还是站着。此处已有remind作谓语动词,因此括号处要填非谓语形式。

5.【★★★】I can get tired of________(look)at pictures all the time.

【答案】looking

【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处考察非谓语动词作介词宾语。后面常接动词–ing 形式作宾语的常用短语还有be fond of(喜欢)、have difficulty (in)(在...方面有困难)、be used to(习惯于…)、devote oneself to(献身于…)、look forward to(期待)等。

6. 【★★★】He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _________(lose) the good opportunity.

【答案】losing

【解析】他为面试做了充分的准备,因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。lose的逻辑主语为he,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,与谓语动词同时发生,在risk后面作宾语,risking。

7.【★★★】(2020·湖北五校期中联考) Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had difficulty ___________(determine) “which came first, the chicken or the egg?” says Julie Lumeng of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.

【答案】determining

【解析】过去的研究表明在睡得少和长得胖之间有联系,但是科学家们很难确定到底是鸡生蛋还是蛋生鸡。Have difficulty doing sth“在做某事方面有困难”。

8.【★★★】Research suggests that babies learn to see by____________(distinguish) between areas of light and dark.

【答案】distinguishing

【解析】研究显示婴儿是通过区分明亮区域和黑暗区域来学会观看的。介词by后的动词需要变成动词的-ing形式,distinguishing

9.【★★★】Mom flatly refused _________ (go) back into the hospital.

【答案】to go

【解析】句意:妈妈断然拒绝回医院。refuse后跟动词不定式作宾语,意为“拒绝做某事”。

10.【★★★】The little boy finally managed _________ (push) the large stone away.

【答案】to push

【解析】句意:这个小男孩终于把这块大石头推走了。manage后跟动词不定式作宾语,意为“设法做成某事”。

11.【★★★】Dana admitted _________ (feel) hurt by what I said..

【答案】feeling

【解析】句意:达娜承认我说的话伤害了她的感情。admit后跟动名词作宾语,意为“承认做了某事”。

选择性必修一Unit4语法:动词-ing 形式作宾语和表语

选择性必修一Unit4语法:动词-ing形式作宾语和表语 【基础知识讲解】 1.动词-ing 形式作宾语 (1)有些动词后只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语。有此用法的动词有:allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny,enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, mention, permit, practice, quit, risk, suggest等。如: 例句:My mother advised asking a doctor to come and examine my eyes. We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum. You can’t avoid making a mistake. (2)有些动词后既可跟动词-ing形式作宾语,也可跟动词不定式作宾语,但用法和意义都有所不同。这些动词是:begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, mean,forget, remember, hate等。如: 例句:I remember posting the letter. 我记得我已把信寄了。 I’ll remember to post the letter. 我会记着去寄信的。 2.动词-ing 形式作表语 一种表示主语的性质、特征和状态,其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容,即主语等同于表语,两者可互换。 例句: You look amazing tonight. Seeing is believing. The most important thing is getting there in time. 注意:

动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习

动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习

2 高中英语语法 动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习 第一部分:动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语 1.动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语,和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。 We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。 I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。 I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。 2.动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别 在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后,既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语,也可用不定式构成复合宾语,两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时,表示动作正在进行;用不定式时,表示动作发生了,即动作的全过程结束了。 He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。 (She was getting on the car.) He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。 (She got on the car and drove off.) Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗? (Someone is knocking at the door.) Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 提示: 如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作,通常只能用不定式来表示,不用动词的-ing形式。

高一英语必修4动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语

Unit 4动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. = keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job His hobby is painting. = Painting is his job. 2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词),作表语用的现在分词,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有:astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising, puzzling, exciting等(这类分词表示“令人….的”含义)。如:The problem is quite puzzling. The news sounds encouraging. 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语,一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 reading material 阅读材料 No one is allowed to speak loud in the reading room. There is a swimming pool in our school. ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。(注意动名词作定语说明被修饰词作用意义;现在分词做定语说明被修饰词正在做什么)developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题 sleeping child 熟睡的孩子walking stick 手杖living room 起居室running water 自来水 2.作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语,则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south) 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。 Do you know the boy playing basket?(=Who is playing basket) 你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗? The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle 正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。 In the following years he worked even hard. 在接下来的几年中,他工作更努力了。 The man talking to(=the man who is talking to) the teacher is our monitor’s father. 正在与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 三、动词-ing形式作宾补 1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 2、当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting. = The film is found very exciting.

新人教高中英语选择性必修一Unit4Body Language单元分析

Unit 4 Body language单元分析 单元主题:人与社会——肢体语言 单元内容分析 本单元的主题是“人与社会——肢体语言”,介绍了不同国家、不同文化、 不同场合下肢体语言所表达的意义。 以下为教材各部分教学内容的简要分析及教学活动实施建议: 1.Opening Page 主题图是由四张反映不同场景中的典型肢体语言的照片拼接而成,包括女孩和长辈交谈时苦恼困惑的场景、工作伙伴分享成功喜悦的场景、日本商务场合握手鞠躬的场景以及火车站家人拥抱送别的场景。 本页还提供了法国作家、社会评论家罗兰·巴特的名言“What I hide by my language,my body utters.”。这句话表明通过逻辑推理并观察行为表现、肢体语言等,人们会对言语表达的意思形成更为综合的印象。 2.Reading and Thinking:Understand body language 该板块的活动主题是“读懂肢体语言”。文章从肢体语言的基本功能入手,引出地域文化这一重要因素,说明正确理解和运用肢体语言一定要考虑在地域文化中的得体性。该活动的版块设计旨在帮助学生更好地理解文本,分析说明文的文体特征,思考本单元的主题意义。读前活动,教师要引导学生思考肢体语言的意义,从而能更好地体会肢体语言和有声语言一样是我们交流思想、表达感情和传递信息不可或缺的重要手段。读中活动,学生快速阅读全文,判断对语篇内容的预测是否正确,然后通过查找段落主题句,归纳段落大意,进而梳理语篇结构。读中活动通过设计各种不同的问题,引领学生全面了解文章的表层含义和深层意义。读后活动,设计问题,让学生进行头脑风暴,开展辩论。 3.Learning about language 部分包括Build up your vocabulary 和Discover usefu1 structures 两个板块。

必修4动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语

学乐教育每一步关注成长每一天咨询电话:020---28059555、85588126 动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. = keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job His hobby is painting. = Painting is his job. 2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词),作表语用的现在分词,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有:astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising, puzzling, exciting等(这类分词表示“令人….的”含义)。如: The problem is quite puzzling. The news sounds encouraging. 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语,一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 reading material 阅读材料 No one is allowed to speak loud in the reading room. There is a swimming pool in our school. ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。(注意动名词作定语说明被修饰词作用意义;现在分词做定语说明被修饰词正在做什么) developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 walking stick 手杖 living room 起居室 running water 自来水 2.作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语,则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。

高中英语外研版2019新教材选择性必修一unit4语法点

动词不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词作表语 一、不定式作表语 1.不定式作表语一般表示具体的动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我的建议是立刻开始干。 2.如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也应用不定式(表示结果)。 To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 二、动词-ing形式作表语 1.动词-ing形式作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people. 我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。 2.动词-ing形式作表语,说明主语的性质或情况,这时的动词-ing形式大多已经转化成了形容词。 The book is interesting.这本书有趣。 三、过去分词作表语 过去分词在句中作表语多表示主语所处的状态或是主语的心理,这时过去分词有些已经转化成了形容词。 The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。 Everyone got excited at the news. 听到这个消息每个人都感到兴奋。 Don’t touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子因为它是破的。四、动词-ing形式作表语与过去分词作表语的区别

1.动词-ing形式作表语,说明主语的性质或特征,意为“令人……的”,有主动意思。如:exciting,moving,amusing,astonishing,frightening,interesting等。 2.过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态,意为“感到……的”,有被动的意思。 disappointed,encouraged,amused,astonished,hurt,frightened,amazed,excited,experie nced,interested,qualified,pleased,puzzled等。 五、不定式作表语和动词-ing作表语的区别 不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作;而动名词作表语强调的是一般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。 The old man’s job today is to paint the walls. 老人今天的工作是粉刷这些墙。 The old man’s job is painting the walls. 老人的工作是粉刷墙。

ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法[1]

- ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法 1. 动词的ing形式包括动名词和现在分词,二者都可作表语。如: Our job is playing all kinds of music . ( 动名词) The music they are playing sounds so exciting . ( 现在分词) 注:一般来讲,动名词( 短语) 作表语,主表可互换,即:Playing all kinds of music is our job . 现在分词作表语,表明主语的性质和特征,主表不可互换。2. - ing形式做定语可以表示 1 ) 所修饰名词的用途 a waiting room ( = a room for waiting ) / a walking stick ( = a stick for walking ) 2 ) 所修饰名词正在进行的动作,可以换成定语从句形式 a waiting man ( = a man who is waiting ) / a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) 3 . 在see , hear , feel , watch , notice等感观动词后可以用- ing形式做宾语补足语。这时- ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,并且- ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。如:He saw a girl getting on the tractor. ( = He saw a girl and the girl was getting on the tractor . ) Do you hear someone knocking at the door? 1).做宾语补足语We watched three boys sharing their food with each other.

导学案 Grammar:动词-ing 在句中作定语、表语及宾语补足语

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有人传说英语语法难懂,我一点也不相信,我能帮你让语法变得简单而容易理解。今天,我们一道,共同学习非谓语动词中的一种形式------ V-ing 作主语、宾语和表语。上节语法课我们学习了V-ing 作定语和宾语补足语,请你会回想一下,看你能想起多少内容。这节课请你大声朗读或默读完本页V-ing用法的精华版,相信你的语法理论水平一定会有提高,下节课老师对它进行讲解时,你就会胸有成竹,语法功底会更上一层楼!开始读吧! V-ing(Ⅱ)作主语、宾语和表语 一、V-ing作主语 1、V-ing 形式若置于句首,谓语动词用单数。 Reading aloud is a good way in learning languages. 大声朗读是学习语言的一个好方法。 Doing is better than wishing. 做比空想好。 Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于图财害命。2、V-ing形式若置于句末,则用It作形式主语,真正主语依然是句末的V-ing。常见的句式有: It’s no use doing sth. 做某事没有用 It’s no good doing sth. 做某事没好处 It’s worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 另外,还有未学过的重点词有:dangerous(危险的)、worthwhile(值得的、值钱的)、useless(没用的)。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It is no good learning without practice. 学习而不实践是不好的。 It is a waste of time doing it. 做这件事是浪费时间。 It is worthwhile making the experiment. 做这个实验是值得的。 3、V-ing作主语与to do作主语的区别。 Speaking English is a good habit. To finish the work on time is possible. V-ing作主语,表示经常性、习惯性的动作; To do作主语,表示具体的、将来的动作。 二、V-ing作宾语。I enjoy losing face. 1、某些动词只能+V-ing作宾语(必须记住):enjoy喜欢、finish完成、practice练习、consider考虑、avoid 避免/躲避、allow允许、admit承认、risk冒……的险、mind介意、imagine想象、delay耽误、suggest建议、stand、bear忍耐、appreciate感激、prevent防止/组织、deny否认等等。 I suggest doing it in another way. 2、某些固定短语只能+V-ing作宾语。 ①大部分“动词+介词”的短语,后面只能接V-ing作宾语。这些短语有:can’t help doing情不自禁做某事 give up doing sth 停止/放弃做某事think of/about doing sth 考虑做某事 put off doing sth 延迟做某事be good at doing sth 擅长作某事 feel like doing sth 想要做某事succeed in doing sth 成功地做某了某事 insist on doing sth 坚持做某事= persist in doing 坚持做某事 keep on doing sth 持续不断做某事set about doing sth 开始做某事 be tired/afraid/capable/fond of doing sth. 厌烦/害怕/能够/喜欢做某事 leave off doing 停止/戒掉做某事 ②特别注意:少数带介词to的短语必须+V-ing作宾语(必须记住): be used to doing sth 习惯做某事adapt to doing 适应做某事 look forward to doing 盼望做某事get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事

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