XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书
编号：
论文（设计）题目：在女性主义视角下解读《名利场》
学院： XXX学院专业：英语教育班级： XXXX级英语教育X班
学生姓名： XX 学号： XXXXXX 指导教师： XX 职称 XX
1、论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务
本论文主要从女性主义的角度入手，去解读萨克雷的代表作《名利场》，其中主要以小说的女主人公蓓基·夏泼作为切入点，通过分析她对独立、平等、自由的追求，探究女性主义思想给女性带来的积极改变，从而鼓励现代女性自强、自立、自尊。
2、论文（设计）的主要内容
本论文内容主要包括：著名小说《名利场》的基本情节介绍，对女性主义理论的简单概括，历来对此问题的相关研究说明，《名利场》女主人公蓓基·夏泼对独立、平等、自由这些女性主义核心思想的追求的具体表现，以及这种积极向上的女性主义思想给广大女性带来的重要启示。
3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线
通过对英国文学史的学习，我了解到了萨克雷这位著名作家以及他的成名作《名利场》，后来又观看了由这部小说改编的同名电影。我对这部“没有英雄的小说”以及里面特立独行的女主人公蓓基·夏泼产生了浓厚的兴趣。后来我查阅了相关文献，发现大家对这部经典小说的赏析多从女性主义及男权社会角度入手，因此本人决定以此作为自己的论文研究方向，借助女性主义核心思想的关键词独立、平等、自由来分析蓓基·夏泼的积极一面，并启示当代女性应该如何追寻自己的幸福美好生活。
4、主要参考文献
Thackeray, W.M. Vanity Fair. Beijing: Peoples Literature Publishing House, 1998.
王贵云，2009，谈《名利场》中蓓基·夏普的积极一面。学院派批评，2009年第4期，第76-77页。
西蒙娜·德·波伏娃，1998，《第二性》，陶铁柱译。中国书籍出版社。
张静，2011，寻找失落的自我-略论波伏娃《第二性》中的存在主义女性观。
作家杂志，2011年第5期，第162-163页。等
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XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书
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XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述
Literature Review
Introduction
Vanity Fair is the best known novel of British critical realism writer in 19th century. When Vanity Fair was serialized on the newspaper, its subtitle is “there is no hero in the novel”. Because it does not serve as leading role with an outstanding hero, even the positive figures are rarely. The heroine Rebecca Sharp is intelligent and wise; on the other hand, she is wild oats. This kind of personality made people love and hate. As a result, she becomes the most glorious role in Vanity Fair. The novel is under the much attention of many literary scholars because of the rebellious character.
Body
For the appreciation and evaluation of the novel, mostly focused on the character image, which is especially typical for female image as Rebecca Sharp. Scholars mostly regard feminist thought as the breakthrough point on the analysis of character Rebecca. Feminism is a social theory and political movement, its source and motivation is mainly from female experience. It is the women's liberation advocated by the main problem, it is the pursuit of female equality, independence and freedom. Scholars carry on the exploration and interpretation of Vanity Fair and show their various and ideas. Through history as we know, in the 19th century British women mainly stand on the society by relying on family role rather than professional roles, so their social function has been limited. In such a social environment, women attempt to pursue equality and freedom is something very hard. However, in Bai Dan’s The Study of Feminist Color in Vanity Fair, she points out that Rebecca is a complex of femininity and masculinity, and it all comes from the writer William
Thackeray’s contradictory view of women. In "From Vanity Fair to See Thackeray's view of women", Chen Wei also analyses the novel’s main female images from the aspect of Thackeray’s traditional women view. Feminism ha s always advocated gender equality. Androgyny is beyond the gender, also only in this way can we truly achieve the ideal of equality of men and women. The theory of “androgyny” is one of the most important theories of feminism. And feminist pursuit of the ideal personality of “Bisexual temperament", is the dream of comprehensive and free development of personality between males and females, this is also a powerful weapon to against the polarization of Yin and Yang and the gender essence permanent. The actr ess Rebecca of Thackeray’s novel "Vanity fair" flashed out the aesthetic charm and human energy androgyny. On the other hand, she also shows the ideal and the dilemma of modern of androgyny to a certain extent.
Many readers analyzed the typical character of Rebecca Sharp and Amelia Sedly who were created in a typical environment. They analyzed the society, family environment and historical factors behind the forming of their outlook on life and values. Of course, this research has very important significance of sociology, aesthetics; but most critics praised the character Amelia, and demeaned the character Rebecca after contrast. However, in the paper of “The Positive Side of Rebecca Sharp in Vanity Fair” of Wang guiyun, the writer holds an opposite view for this. From feminist thought, she believes Rebecca whether at that time or today can be called richness and multiple side woman, she is positive on the other side. Another example of this is Tan Zongyan’s “The Positive Interpretation of the Complex Characters Rebecca in Vanity Fair”. This paper analyzes the controversial female characters Rebecca. It is pointed out that the heroine in the novel Rebecca is rendered with a strong artistic exaggeration and vividly. In the appearance, she has a beautiful look. She is charming and filled with interest. In her inner heart, she has superhuman wisdom, strong and independent personality and vitality, at the same time, is loyal to friendship or even love. Therefore, from the perspective of positive interpretation and feminism, Rebecca will give us much enlightenment. There are
many other articles about this kind of opinion, such as “To Cater to the Fight---Rebecca and Scarlett in the Feminism Perspective” which was written by He Qiang, and Guo Yantao’s “The Parsing of Female Consciousness in Vanity Fair of Thackeray”. Most of these articles pointed out that the flow of women in the patriarchal society in order to survive, but the resistance is at the same time accompanied by the situation of catering to, helpless and compromise.
Certainly, there have prize and critics of the character Rebecca who pursue the self bravely. For example, in Zeng Yanbo’s “The Interpretation of Main Character of Vanity Fair”, the writer thinks that Thackeray asking women abide by duty, to building a happy family with love and sacrifice. Vanity Fair shows Thackeray’s patriarchal thought; he holds a denial attitude to Rebecca. He criticizes the character Rebecca who pursues feminism. On the other hand, he made Lucy a derogatory view of her struggling over one's destiny. Many critics believe that she is a Female cheater and aspirant who has nothing, relies on their looks and trickery. Her name and hypocrisy, worthless, dissolute together, but it seems to say so is too heavy.
Conclusion
The capable Rebecca gets in touch with countless men. However, in fact she is just want to enter the upper society, so as to live a rich life. Although she eventually denied by society forever, but positive personality makes her not discouraged when she facing with such setbacks. Living in the wandering life, Rebecca never looks back, never regret. The positive idea of feminism on her and her pursuit of female freedom, equality, and independence made her becomes a unique role in the literature. Although critics’ opinions are mixed on this image, but I still think the female image who flashing the light of feminism added other colors to Vanity Fair. The character Rebecca is a great encouragement and guidance for that period, even our modern women’s social life.
本科生毕业论文
题目：在女性主义视角下解读《名利场》
姓名：XX
班级：XXXX级X班
指导老师：XX
专业：英语教育
院系：XXX学院英语系
完成日期：XXXX年5月8 日
A Study of Vanity Fair from the
Perspective of Feminism
BY
XX
Prof. XX, Tutor
A Thesis Submitted to Department of English
Language and Literature in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A in English
At XXUniversity
May 8th，XXXX
摘要
萨克雷，作为英国批判现实主义作家之一，在英国文学史上占据着非常重要的地位。《名利场》是他的成名作品，这部无英雄小说，是他生平著作里最经得起时间考验的杰作，在英国现实主义小说的发展史上开辟了新的天地。萨克雷因《名利场》叱咤文坛，与狄更斯齐名。小说主要描写穷画家的女儿蓓基·夏泼，不甘受歧视，凭借姿色与机智，不择手段向上爬的故事。蓓基的生活目标是获得财富和高贵的社会地位，为此，她不惜一切代价，利用身边一切可以借助的东西。友情，亲情，爱情，都不及她那势力的目标重要。也正因为如此，蓓基这个人物形象受到了大多数人的批判与鄙视。但是，如果我们从女性主义出发，去解读《名利场》，会发现蓓基身上所体现出的正能量，更值得我们探究和弘扬。
论文包括三个部分。第一章从独立的角度来剖析蓓基的性格与命运；第二章介绍她对思想和经济平等的追求：第三章以自由为切入点，分析蓓基对婚姻和社交的态度。这些分析均以女性主义的核心思想为切入点，它将带大家从积极的角度看蓓基的拼搏奋斗的人生。
关键词女性主义独立平等自由
Abstract
Thackeray William, as one of the British critical realism writer, occupies a very important position in the history of British literature. Vanity Fair, the novel of no hero, is his masterpiece. It stands most of the time which opens up a new chapter in the history of the development of British realistic novel. Vanity Fair makes Thackeray famous in literature and equal to Charles Dickens.
The novel mainly describes the daughter of poor painter-Rebecca Sharp. She can?t bear up discrimination, so she makes full use of her beauty and intelligence to get a higher position in her society. Her life goal is to gain wealth and high social status. In order to achieve the purpose, she uses everything at all costs. Friendship, affection, love, is not as important as her power target. Also because of this, the character Rebecca Sharp always be criticized and despised. However, if we interpret Vanity Fair with feminism, we can find the positive energy on Rebecca Sharp is more worthy to explore and promote.
This article includes three parts. Chapter one analyzes Rebecca Sharp?s personality and fate from independence. Chapter two deals with the pursuit of mind and family status?s equality. Chapter three studies Rebecca Sharp?s attitude towards marriage and social contact. The analysis will take the core idea of feminism as the breakthrough point, which will show you Rebecca Sharp?s whole life which is filled with Persistent and struggle from a positive standpoint.
Key words feminism independence equality freedom
Table of Contents
Introduction (01)
ChapterⅠPursuit of Independence (07)
A. Rebecca Sharp?s Independent P ersonality (07)
1、Not Rely on Family (07)
2、Not Rely on Men (09)
B. Rebecca Sharp?s Independent L ife (10)
Chapter ⅡPursuit of Equality (13)
A. Rebecca Sharp?s Pursuit of Mind E quality (13)
B. Rebecca Sharp?s Pursuit of Family Status E quality (15)
Chapter ⅢPursuit of Freedom (18)
A. Rebecca Sharp?s Pursuit of Freedom of Marriage (18)
B. Rebecca Sharp?s Pursuit of C ommunicati on?s F reedom (20)
Conclusion (22)
Notes (23)
Bibliography (24)
Introduction
William Makepeace Thackeray is one of the outstanding representatives of English critical realism. He was born of English parents in Calcutta, India, on July 18, 1811. His father held an important post under the East India Company. When the boy was five years old his father died, and the mother returned with her child to England. He inherited a large fortune. However, he lost his fortune by gambling and bad investments soon, and had to earn his own living. Disappointed by his failure as an illustrator, he made a bid for literature. In this, he was more fortunate. After the publication of Vanity Fair in 1848 he began to be recognized as one of the great novelists of his day. Thackeray was a prolific writer. Of his works the better known are: The Book of Snobs, Vanity Fair, Pendennis, The Newcomes and The history of Henry Esmond. Vanity Fair is his masterpiece.
Vanity Fair, as a classical novel, helps Thackeray William get an equal literary status with Charles Dickens. Dickens conveys a panorama of the lower half of society; Thackeray describes that of the upper half. Thackeray William lives in the Britain?s industrial capitalist society which was developing. He is a man who likes social contact and dreams of the lavish lifestyle of the upper class. Thackeray William is good at keeping good social relations with these noble people. At the same time, he also joins these representatives into his works to taunt and criticize. The art of novel for him is to show again the life, to express the reality emotion strongly, to criticize snobbish, greed, and idealism. Vanity Fair is just a very successful performance.
The story sets its background at the 19th century of Britain?s busy upper-middle-class. At that time, the national strength was strong with developed economy. The social power was in hands of the rich they make a fortune by exploitation. Meanwhile, people of all kinds in society were striving for fame and status. As long as it could achieve the goal, everything could make full use of, such as feminine beauty, intelligence, friendship and affection.
Vanity Fair also has another name, that is A Novel Without A Hero. Thus the title reveals the dark side of social life. As the subtitle of the novel suggests, the story is neither with a plot nor a hero. Its whole action revolves two women, Amelia Sedley and Rebecca Sharp.
Becky is a clever, unscrupulous and scheming girl, the orphaned daughter of a poor artist and a French opera-dancer. Amelia is a pretty, gentle and simple-minded creature whose father is a rich merchant. After the two girls graduate from Miss Pinkerton?s Academy, they begin their new life in society. Becky is invited for a short stay at the Sedleys?, where she tries to capture Amelia?s brother Joseph for husband, but fails. Then she comes to the house of Sir Pitt Crawley as a governess, and worms her way into the heart of the old baronet, who, upon the death of his wife, proposes to her. This brings to light the secret marriage of Becky and Caption Rawdon, Sir Pitt?s second son, a profligate and gambler, and the favorite of his aunt Miss Crawley. Infuriated, the wealthy aunt disinherits Rawdon.
Meanwhile Amelia, whose father is now bankrupt, marries George Osborne, her worthless childhood sweetheart, in spite of the objection of George?s purse-pround father. At a ball, George invites Becky to elope with him, but very soon he is killed in the Battle of Waterloo. The widowed Amelia gives birth to a posthumous son, and lives on in dire poverty.
When war over, Becky and Rawdon make a living mainly on his cheating in his cheating in gambling. But later, she is caught by Rawdon in her flirtations with the vicious old lord Steyne. In a terrible scene Rawdon breaks with Becky. After suffering some, she disgraced and almost penniless, leave England to wander alone on the Continent. After many years Becky meets Amelia again, and she tells Amelia of George?s infid elity, therefore making it possible for Amelia to marry William Dobbin, her lifelong admirer. Becky also meets Joseph, whom she now captures and controls. After Joseph?s death she gets his life insurance money and lives in retirement,
spending her time working for the church.
The heroine of Vanity Fair-Rebecca Sharp is more comprehensive and three-dimensional expression of the theme. The novel centers on the governess? adventure. She is aggressive and vixenish; she is an adventuress embodying the many vices of a mammonist, which makes her become one of the most vivid literary images in Britain?s novels. She was born in humble. However, she was never lack of ambition. Her lifelong goal was to rank among the upper class. Fame and wealth were filled in her whole life. Yet, due to excessive pursuit, she became greedy, hypocritical. She lost a pure heart; her fate was also becoming ups and downs. Therefore, she blamed by most people.
However, if the only purpose is to blame, it doesn?t need to give her so much space in the novel. Why Thackeray William do this? Why he creates the character Rebecca Sharp. Let…s analyze. Obviously, this includes Thackeray?s personal reasons. The reasons should be divided in two aspects. On one hand, Thackeray?s childhood is away from his mother. This experience makes his heart was full of desire for the gentle graciousness of female images; on the other hand, as a mature man, he is more interested in ruthless and perceptual images of women with no doubt. So, the attitude of Thackeray towards his heroine is positive, rather than too much criticism. On the contrary, he speaks highly of his indomitable spirit. He creates a character who is dare to challenge Victoria custom, who is independent , who has a very strong self consciousness, who has more courage than other females.
For the appreciation and evaluation of the novel, mostly focused on the character image, which is especially typical for female image as Rebecca Sharp. In fact, the excellent qualities of the character-Rebecca Sharp reflects the feminism. So scholars mostly regard feminist thought as the breakthrough point on the analysis of character Rebecca. In Bai Dan?s The Study of Feminist Color in Vanity Fair, she points out that Rebecca is a complex of femininity and masculinity, and it all comes from the writer William Thackeray?s contradictory view of women. In "From Vanity Fair to See
Thackeray's view of women", Chen Wei also analyses the novel?s main female images from the aspect of Thackeray?s traditional women view. In th ese papers, the actress Rebecca of Thackeray?s novel "Vanity Fair" flashed out the aesthetic charm and human energy androgyny. On the other hand, she also shows the ideal and the dilemma of modern of androgyny to a certain extent. Some scholars hold a positive attitude to the typical character Rebecca Sharp. For example, “The Positive Side of Rebecca Sharp in Vanity Fair” of Wang guiyun, Tan Zongyan?s “The Positive Interpretation of the Complex Characters Rebecca in Vanity Fair”. Of course, everything has two sides. There are also some commentators expressed doubt and negation of the character. Many critics believe that she is a Female cheater and aspirant who has nothing, relies on their looks and trickery. Her name and hypocrisy, worthless, dissolute together, but it seems to say so is too heavy. The capable Rebecca gets in touch with countless men. However, in fact she is just want to enter the upper society, so as to live a rich life. Although she eventually denied by society forever, but positive personality makes her not discouraged when she facing with such setbacks. Living in the wandering life, Rebecca never looks back, never regret. The positive idea of feminism on her and her pursuit of female freedom, equality, and independence made her becomes a unique role in the literature. Although critics? opinions are mixed on this image, but I still think the female image who flashing the light of feminism added other colors to Vanity Fair. The character Rebecca is a great encouragement and guidance for that period, even our modern women?s social life.
This article will from the perspective of feminism to analyze the novel Vanity Fair. In this, I will simply introduce some information about feminist thoughts. By and large, feminism theory can be divided into two kinds, which are macroscopic theory and microcosmic theory.
Macroscopic feminism theory includes some grand narrations which explain some ideas about the world and the history, such as world system theory. This theory first completely ignores the factors of feminism. Later, after transformation of
feminism, this theory has added some new theoretical points. For example, it no longer regards the females as a member of a male parent family; it is no longer considers the interests of the family members are always consistent; it analyses women?s independent economic contribution.
Besides, the Marxism theory is another example. Feminism follows the train of thought of Marxism, and on the other hand, it makes a modification for it with feminism. One of the major transformations is put forward the following arguments: Male-dominated system is prior to the capitalist system, so the overthrow of capitalism is only the necessary condition to end oppression to women, rather than sufficient condition.
The microscopic theory of feminism is various and abounding, too. Here are some examples:
Exchange theory: This theory points out that rational people has always been assumed to be behaviors who are selfish, isolated and without emotion. However, the feminism theory makes another assumption. It assumes that people are interconnected, altruism and emotional. The feminism also explains the inequality between men and women with exchange theory, it thinks the reason of inequality lies in more resources of politics, economy, culture and knowledge men possess than women do.
The new theory of Freud: This theory is that most of children raised by women. At the beginning, they are all attached to female, no matter boy or girl. As a result, the boy want to mature must deny mother, while girls don?t have to do so. Therefore, when a girl becomes a woman, she pays more attention to interpersonal relationships and parenting; when a boy becomes a man, he is more focus on individual, refused to emotional expression. Men always want to success in the society to prove his worth, which led to the men?s governance in the field of public and hatred tendency to female. Males and females develop the different moral and rational model. Men
emphasis on abstract principles; women pay more attention to details.
Now, the most popular theory is Simone de Beauvoir?s feminist theory. Simone de Beauvoir, who is one of the most influential women in the west in the 20th century, is a prominent theorist of western feminist movement. She thinks that women?s liberation is not only a class liberation or economic liberation; more important is a problem of social liberation and culture liberation. ①She insists that self and the other?s structure of opposites exists in all aspects of human life. On t he level of gender, men are endowed with the self; the role of women becomes otherness absolutely. Women are based on men rather than women themselves to define themselves （236）.In a patriarchal culture, men or male is positive, normal and justified; while women or female is negative, abnormal and unfair. The dominant male consciousness in society is always shaping the women. The existence of women became the only relative to men. Women obey the male authority absolutely and they are in dominated position. Simone de Beauvoir points out that if women want to become themselves from others, they need not only to participate in productive labor, but also to join the social reform, especially to set up the consciousness of female subject.
Although feminist theory is intricate, the core idea of it is such a few words: independence, equality, freedom. This thesis will also further interpret Vanity Fair from these keywords.
外国文学名著简介：名利场 萨克雷的代表作《名利场》作于1847年，副标题是《一个没有主角的小说》。小说女主人公蓓基·夏泼是个穷画家的女儿，出身卑微，倍受歧视，她为此愤懑不平，凭自己的美貌和机智开始投机冒险的生活，不择手段地猎取金钱，力图进入上层社会。小说生动地塑造了这个虚荣好胜、自私自利而又机敏干练的女冒险家形象。小说另一条线索是奥斯本和赛德利这两个资产阶级家庭命运的变化，通过这种变化，深刻地揭示了资产者的思想面貌和心理特征，以及资本主义社会人与人之间冰冷的关系。其创作力求真实，笔下人物性格，采用讲故事的叙述方法，亲切随便，风格独特。它是萨克雷的成名作，确立了萨克雷在英国文坛上的重要地位。 萨克雷，19世纪英国杰出的批判现实主义作家。生于印度加尔各答阿里帕的一个英国官员家庭。幼年丧父，18岁入剑桥大学受到贵族化的教育。成年后，继承父亲遗产，过了一段资产阶级公子哥儿的生活。后自谋生计，学绘画，想以卖画为生，又搞证券交易，协助诉讼代理人经办民事案件，但均不成功。1833年起在报刊杂志发表文章，直到长篇小说《名利场》问世，他才被公认是天才的小说家。由于生活境遇的骤然变化，他开始重新观察生活，看尽世态炎凉，也看破了世俗的浮华。他的文字渗透着幻灭的哀愁。早期作品有
《当差通信》、《凯瑟林》、《霍加蒂大钻石》、《巴利·林登的遭遇》，后期作品有《名利场》、《潘登尼斯》、《亨利·艾斯芒德的历史》、《纽可谟一家》、《弗吉亚人》、《菲力普历险记》等，最后一部小说《丹尼斯·杜瓦尔》仅完成八章。还有一些散文集，以《势利人脸谱》最有名。在文学史上，萨克雷与狄更斯齐名，对世界文学的发展有着重要的影响。 影片改编自英国作家萨克雷的成名作《名利场》。 爱蜜丽亚与贝希同时毕业于英国一间著名的女子学校。善良的爱蜜丽亚将无家可归的贝希带回家。贝希是一位爱慕虚荣、贪图势利的女孩，她利用自己的年轻、美貌赢得了军官司罗迪的欢心，他们结为夫妇。拜金的贝希很快成为上流社会的一朵交际花，在军官与社会名流之间周旋。爱蜜丽亚的丈夫也为贝希着迷，这令爱蜜丽亚十分伤心。当时的社会风气十分败坏，人们赌博成风，罗迪欠下巨额赌债。贝希为了帮罗迪还清赌债，向伯爵借钱，条件是答应伯爵的晚餐约请。由此被罗迪误会而离婚。此后的贝希贫困潦倒，沦为歌舞女郎。爱蜜丽亚不计前嫌与一直对贝希存有爱意的哥哥一起接贝希回家。此时的贝希决定重新面对生活。
外国语学院 英国文学论文 题目：透过《名利场》探究社会腐化现象 专业：英语 姓名：周xx 学号：200804xxxx 指导教师： 完成日期：2011 年6月13日
Reveal the Reasons of Social Corruption t Through Vanity Fair Specialty: English Direction: Culture Applicant: Zhou Wxxx Advisor: Submitted to College of Foreign Languages For the Certificate of Completion of British literature At Hulunbeier College May 13, 2011
透过《名利场》探究社会腐化现象 摘要：《名利场》是19世纪著名批判现实主义小说家威廉·梅克皮斯·萨克雷的代表作。小说中塑造了各式各样的人物，自私和虚伪充斥整篇小说。通过分析人物，我们可以得出这样的结论: 19世纪的英国社会已经腐化。本文认为社会腐化首先源于社会经济的迅速发展，巨大的财富是滋生社会腐化的物质基础。其次在于社会主流文化的导向作用，健康向上的主流社会文化能够有效抑制负面文化的滋生。第三，社会生活中人们的精神态度，这里的精神态度指的是人们对于主流文化的主观能动作用，即人们是否推崇社会主流文化。 关键词：《名利场》萨克雷社会腐化主流文化 Reveal the Reasons of Social Corruption t Through Vanity Fair Abstract：Vanity Fair is the famous critical realism masterpiece of William Makepeace Thackeray in the 19th century. Thackeray in the novel created a wide variety of characters; most of the people are full of selfish and hypocrisy. By analyzing the characters, we can come to this conclusion: that his society had corrupted. There are three reasons for social corruption. Firstly, rapid development of social economy, great wealth is the material basis for social corruption. The Second one, the direction of mainstream culture, a healthy mainstream culture can effectively inhibit the negative culture. The last one, people's mental state in social life, mental state here refers to people's subjective dynamic-role to the mainstream culture, namely whether people follow the mainstream culture. Key words: Vanity Fair Thackeray social corruption mainstream culture
XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书 编号： 论文（设计）题目：在女性主义视角下解读《名利场》 学院： XXX学院专业：英语教育班级： XXXX级英语教育X班 学生姓名： XX 学号： XXXXXX 指导教师： XX 职称 XX 1、论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务 本论文主要从女性主义的角度入手，去解读萨克雷的代表作《名利场》，其中主要以小说的女主人公蓓基·夏泼作为切入点，通过分析她对独立、平等、自由的追求，探究女性主义思想给女性带来的积极改变，从而鼓励现代女性自强、自立、自尊。 2、论文（设计）的主要内容 本论文内容主要包括：著名小说《名利场》的基本情节介绍，对女性主义理论的简单概括，历来对此问题的相关研究说明，《名利场》女主人公蓓基·夏泼对独立、平等、自由这些女性主义核心思想的追求的具体表现，以及这种积极向上的女性主义思想给广大女性带来的重要启示。 3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线 通过对英国文学史的学习，我了解到了萨克雷这位著名作家以及他的成名作《名利场》，后来又观看了由这部小说改编的同名电影。我对这部“没有英雄的小说”以及里面特立独行的女主人公蓓基·夏泼产生了浓厚的兴趣。后来我查阅了相关文献，发现大家对这部经典小说的赏析多从女性主义及男权社会角度入手，因此本人决定以此作为自己的论文研究方向，借助女性主义核心思想的关键词独立、平等、自由来分析蓓基·夏泼的积极一面，并启示当代女性应该如何追寻自己的幸福美好生活。 4、主要参考文献 Thackeray, W.M. Vanity Fair. Beijing: Peoples Literature Publishing House, 1998. 王贵云，2009，谈《名利场》中蓓基·夏普的积极一面。学院派批评，2009年第4期，第76-77页。 西蒙娜·德·波伏娃，1998，《第二性》，陶铁柱译。中国书籍出版社。 张静，2011，寻找失落的自我-略论波伏娃《第二性》中的存在主义女性观。 作家杂志，2011年第5期，第162-163页。等 教师：年月日 教研室主任：年月
对杨必的《名利场》译本的一些建议摘要：vanity fair well reveals the english culture in 19th century, and yang bi’s translation on vanity fair won a wide-spread reputation for her good job on transferring culture elements. however, due to the difference between cultures, the loss of culture elements is certain to happen during the process of translation. adopting the domestication strategy, yang bi’s version of vanity fair is very successful in dealing with the translation of cultural elements. yet, there are some translations arose author’s second thoughts so some suggestions come into being. 关键词：vanity fair；religious elements；names；social habits 中图分类号：h059 文献标识码：a 文章编号：1009-0118（2012）07-0319-02 1.on vanity fair vanity fair is regarded as thackeray’s masterpiece. according to li funing, “vanity fair is thackeray’s best novel, and it is always regarded as the best english novel between 1832 and 1848.” (李赋宁, 2001:273) the novel’s name originates from john bunyan’s the pilgrim’s progress in which there is a town fair held in a village named vanity. also there
名利场论文开题报告 名利场是英国小说家萨克雷小说作品，也能够作为英语论文的选题。 《名利场》中利倍加与爱米丽亚的形象开题报告?? 选题论证 萨克雷的名著《名利场》中有两个要紧人物，一对好友，利倍加和爱米丽亚。利倍加和爱米丽亚日子在十九世纪上半期的英国，利倍加出身贫寒，是个孤儿，从小受到各种卑视，立志要进入上流社会，为了到达目的，她别择手段，出卖友谊和婚姻，最终被社会唾弃。她的朋亲爱米丽亚出身富豪家庭，端正善良，忠于爱情，最后嫁给了暗恋自己多年的都宾获得幸福。 在萨克雷的《名利场》，没有好人，坏人。两位女主人公都有值得称赞之处，并且也有令人贬低之处。利倍加尽管为了进入上流社会而别择手段，但也有她积极向上的一面，她别向社会低头，努力进取。爱米丽亚尽管温和可人，但逆来顺受，承受一切，依靠他人，对待都宾得方式，表现了她自私的一面。 经过两位主人公别同的出身，别同的人一辈子记忆，作者想要揭示社会的别公平，对英国的上流社会进行了无情的讽刺。 国内外有不少的学者都对《名利场》中利倍加和爱米丽亚的形象进了研究和分析。认为利倍加和爱米丽亚的命运是当时的社会造就的。 从《名利场》探析维多利亚时代女性的虚荣观开题报告篇二 学生姓名：某某某 学号： 班级： 指导教师：某某某 开题报告书The Analysis Of Victorian Womens Vanity from W.M. Thackerays Vanity Fair 07031522051045 000级本二十班职称：说师2011年11月 1，选题目的和意义： 《名利场》是十九世纪英国批评现实主义作家萨克雷的代表作，这部伟大的作品具有鲜亮的艺术特色，以幽默，讽刺，旁白等叙事手法陈述故事，经过愉快爽朗的对话刻画人物，采纳现实主义表现手法揭露当时英国上流社会尔虞我诈的种种丑态，使作品产生了独特的艺术魅力，从而奠定了萨克雷在英国文学史上的重要地位，萨克雷在夏普身上灌注了他对新革命主义和新资本主义的考虑：她集十九世纪西方世界的种种虚荣，虚伪于一身，滑稽剧似的展示了一具野心勃勃，追逐名利的形象。经过分析，对照《名利场》中的女性人物来揭露十九世纪女的的虚荣观，我们能够得出她们是当时时代和社会风气的产物的结论。 2，国内外的研究状况和进展趋势 萨克雷是与狄更斯齐名的英国19世纪批评现实主义小说家、评论家，被夏洛蒂.勃朗特亲切称为一位犀利而无情的讽刺家。他的巨著《名利场》颇受社会关注，它深刻的了反映了日子中的种种丑态，它的许许多多方面引起了国内外学者的关注。在国内，高丽萍(2002)对《夏泼与艾米莉亚两个女性形象比较---重读名利场》中看女性地位;吴伟仁(2003)《英国文学史及选读》揭示了19世纪资本主义社会的现状。在国外，Ferris(1983)在《萨克雷》中认为《名利场》是对资本主义社会腐败的批评。他歌颂了善良的维多利亚天使-艾米利亚，鞭策了阴险虚伪的女冒险家-贝基.夏普。William Elkins(1990)《萨克雷的名利场》指出萨克雷关怀的主角是贝基.夏普别是艾米利亚。但是。Dyson(1964) Vanity Fair: An irony against Heroes 认为《名利场》是世上最别正直的作品，它的别正直之处体如今对人物的刻画、犀利的讽刺、明确的说教。对《名利场》内涵的探究与趋于多元化，从《名利场》揭示的社会咨询题如女性的虚荣观对在当今社会具有现实意义。在如今物欲横流的社会，对人们抵制享乐主义、拜
第1章概述 习题 二．简答题 1．什么是计算机系统？ 计算机系统是一种能够按照事先存储的程序，自动、高速地对数据进行输入、处理、输出和存储的系统，由计算机硬件系统和计算机软件系统两大部分组成。 2．请解释冯?诺依曼所提出的“存储程序”概念。 把程序和数据都以二进制的形式统一存放在存储器中，由机器自动执行。不同的程序解决不同的问题，实现了计算机通用计算的功能。 3．控制器的主要功能是什么？ 控制器基本功能就是从内存中取出指令和执行指令，即控制器按程序计数器指出的指令地址从内存中取出该指令进行译码，然后根据该指令功能向有关部件发出控制命令，执行该指令。另外，控制器在工作过程中，还要接受各部件反馈回来的信息。 4．简述CPU和主机的概念。 通常把运算器、控制器做在一个大规模集成电路块上称为中央处理器，又称CPU(Central Processing Unit)。 通常把内存储器、运算器和控制器合称为计算机主机，也可以说主机是由CPU与内存储器组成的，而主机以外的装置称为外部设备，外部设备包括输入/输出设备，外存储器等。 5．什么是计算机软件？计算机软件的分类有哪些？ 软件是指用来指挥计算机运行的各种程序的总和以及开发、使用和维护这些程序所需的技术文档。 计算机软件系统分为系统软件和应用软件。计算机系统软件由操作系统、语言处理系统、以及各种软件工具等组成，指挥、控制计算机硬件系统按照预定的程序运行、工作，从而达到预定的目标。应用软件是用户利用计算机软、硬件资源为解决各类应用问题而编写的软件，包括用户程序及其说明性文件资料。 6．计算机有哪些主要的特点？ (1)运算速度快、精度高 计算机的字长越长，其精度越高，现在世界上最快的计算机每秒可以运算几十万亿次以上。一般计算机可以有十几位甚至几十位(二进制)有效数字，计算精度可由千分之几到百万分之几，是任何计算工具所望尘莫及的。 (2)具有逻辑判断和记忆能力 计算机有准确的逻辑判断能力和高超的记忆能力。能够进行各种逻辑判断，并根据判
分类号: H31 密级：无 学士学位论文 解读《名利场》中的女性主义 An Analysis of Feminism in Vanity Fair 系别专业：西语系英语专业 姓名学号：赵雪娇 1233428 年级班级： 2012级 4班 指导教师及职称：孙桂荣副教授 2016年4月 吉林师范大学博达学院学位论文原创性声明
本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在指导教师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。除了论文中特别加以标注的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。申请学位论文与资料若有不实之处，本人承担一切相关责任。 作者签字：赵雪娇 日期：2016 年 4 月 13 日 指导教师签字： 日期：年月日
摘要小说名利场是英国19世纪著名批判现实主义作家萨克雷的成名作品。作品刻画了截然不同的而又相关交连的两位女性人物贝基、夏普和艾米莉亚、赛得利。通过这两个女人的悲欢离合，萨克雷反应的是维多利亚时代一个以男性为主导的社会，当时社会风气的腐化堕落和伦理道德败坏的现状。造就了一种以艾米莉亚为代表的“家中的天使”的女性形象。而另一种则是以夏普为代表的对当时这种父权制的反抗，勇于向维多利亚习俗挑战，敢于追求财富和地位的女性形象。 关键词名利场，女性形象，维多利亚时代，反抗
Abstract The Vanity Fair is a famous novel that was wrote by the critical realism writer Thackeray in 19th century. it describes two different and related girls, Rebecca and Amelia. Thackeray reveals a male-dominated society at Victorian age from the vicissitudes of two women. it’ s a corrupt and immoral social culture. It creates a “angle in the house” female image that represented by Amelia and the other is a brave to rebel patriarchy, to challenge against Victorian customs, to pursuit wealth and position female image that represented by Rebecca. Key words Vanity fair, Female image, Victorian age, Rebel
《名利场》的现实意义初探的论文 摘要: 是19 世纪英国批判现实主义作家萨克雷的代表作,这部伟大的作品具有鲜明的艺术特色。以幽默、讽刺、旁白等叙事手法陈述故事,通过愉快活泼的对话刻划人物,采用现实主义表现手法揭露当时英国上流社会尔虞我诈的种种丑态,使作品产生了独特的艺术魅力,从而奠定了萨克雷在英国文学史上的重要地位。 关键词:《名利场》;现实主义;幽默;讽刺;旁白 abstract :vanity fair written by william makepeace thackeray is generally recognized as his masterpiece,through which he established his important position in the history of english literature. inthenovel , thakeray profoundly exposes the social evils and reality of the times through realism and satire. this paper tries to make some explorations of the novelps elements of realism and satire that contribute much to its great success. key words :vanity fair ;realism;satire ;humor ;narration thackeray said :the aim of the tragedy and poetry is to invoke various feelingsmuch emphasis on“nature and truth”.its writing style is so masculine , felicitous , humorous and pleasant that unless to very obtuse perceptions , one fair is written not how it can fail of being attractive. particularly its artistic features are more unique compared with those of other contemporary european writers.“the art of the novel is to express nature , to conv ey truth ———[1] actions and languages of the characters are of heroic characteristic. thusheputs under the guide of this principle,hismasterpiece vanity ⅰ in my eyes , the first artistic feature of vanity fair is its realism. it is prominently manifested in terms of characterization. the triumph of thackeraypsartofcharacterizationishisrealism. drawn from persons actually known to him. thus it is said that amelia sedley is drawn after his own wife ,and sydney morgan suggested as the origin for rebecca (becky) sharp[2] . his characters are neither god nor devil , but real human beings with common human joys and sorrows , virtues and weaknesses. this is the reason for their vitality , they are solid figures of flesh and blood and not merely lifeless abstractions. realism is manifested by the effective use of physical details. they are never presented in isolation , but in their milieu , both social and physical. thackerayps morality is more realistic , nearer to nature than that of dickens. there are no poetic justice , no sudden conversions and no artificial trying of the loose ends at the end. the wicked sufferers , and their suffering come quite naturally and convincingly. at the moment of their highest achievement , their success turns out to be dust and ash. becky sharp succeeds in marrying rawdon , but her success becomes pointless in her mouth when sir pitt proposes to her and she realizes that she has committed an error of judgment. dobbin is a gentleman , who succeeds in marrying amelia , but realizes that the price is not worth having. amelia wastes the best years of her life in nursing the memory of her husband , and then comes to know that he was not worthy of her devotion at all. in the end ,both the good and the wicked achieve only a limited success. ameliaps success and happiness is not much greater than that of becky. the morality inferred in this novel is more significant than that of dickens. however , thackerayps too frequent moral comments often strike a jarring note , and introduce an element of artificiality. the artistic and imaginative reality is to be frequently violated by the intrusion of a different order of reality. rawdon cheats at cards and they — becky and rawdon —pendants — miss briggs and raggles ,
第一章 1 人文地理学的研究对象、主要内容是什么？ 2 人文地理学的学科特性有那些？ 3 人文地理学在地理学分类体系中的地位。 4 简述洪堡创立的人文地理学研究三个原则。 5 简答近代西方人文地理学主要流派、代表人物及理论思想。 6 现代人文地理学主要特征是什么？ 7 试述人文地理学研究的方法论及内容。 8 什么是生产关系决定论？分析其产生的时代背景。 9 对人地相关论与人地协调论进行分析比较。 10 试举出具有代表性的地理环境决定论的观点，并对其进行分析和评价。 11 什么是人地相关论？详细阐述人地相关论的代表性观点，并加以分析和评价。 12 建国以来，我国人文地理学发展的阶段特征是什么？ 13 为什么说人地关系论是人类地理学的基本理论？人地关系有何特征？ 第二章 1 文化是如何形成的，具有那些特点？ 2 环境与文化活动之间的关系是什么？并举例说明。 3 从理论名称、代表人物、理论要点和简要评价四方面列表比较主要的人地关系理论？ 4 如何从文化的角度研究人文地理学。 5 文化和文化地理学的概念是什么？ 6 简述文化结构的层次内容？ 7 对比文化适应和生物适应的异同。 8 论述文化地理学研究的基本内容。 9 名词解释：文化景观、文化整合、文化扩散、文化区、文化史层说 10详述文化景观的主要组成成份。 11 文化景观与自然景观有何联系？ 12 简述文化与地理环境的关系。 13 举例说明文化的迁移扩散与扩展扩散有何不同。 14 什么是环境感知？举例说明环境感知在人类活动中的具体表现。 15 举例说明形式文化区与功能文化区有什么区别。 第三章第四章 1 我国人口分布表现出那些特征？
---------------------------------------------------------------范文最新推荐------------------------------------------------------ 名利场论文开题报告 名利场是英国小说家萨克雷小说作品，也可以作为英语论文的选题。 《名利场》中利倍加与爱米丽亚的形象开题报告?? 选题论证 萨克雷的名著《名利场》中有两个主要人物，一对好友，利倍加和爱米丽亚。利倍加和爱米丽亚生活在十九世纪上半期的英国，利倍加出身贫寒，是个孤儿，从小受到各种歧视，立志要进入上流社会，为了到达目的，她不择手段，出卖友谊和婚姻，最终被社会唾弃。她的朋友爱米丽亚出身富豪家庭，端正善良，忠于爱情，最后嫁给了暗恋自己多年的都宾获得幸福。 在萨克雷的《名利场》，没有好人，坏人。两位女主人公都有值得赞扬之处，同时也有令人贬低之处。利倍加虽然为了进入上流社会而不择手段，但也有她积极向上的一面，她不向社会低头，努力进取。爱米丽亚虽然温柔可人，但逆来顺受，承受一切，依赖他人，对待都宾得方式，表现了她自私的一面。 通过两位主人公不同的出身，不同的人生经历，作者想要揭示社会的不公平，对英国的上流社会进行了无情的讽刺。 国内外有很多的学者都对《名利场》中利倍加和爱米丽亚的形象进了研究和分析。认为利倍加和爱米丽亚的命运是当时的社会造就的。 1 / 16
从《名利场》探析维多利亚时代女性的虚荣观开题报告篇二 学生姓名：某某某 学号： 班级： 指导教师：某某某 开题报告书 The Analysis Of Victorian Womens Vanity from W.M. Thackerays Vanity Fair 07031522051045 000级本二十班职称：讲师2018年11月 1，选题目的和意义： 《名利场》是十九世纪英国批判现实主义作家萨克雷的代表作，这部伟大的作品具有鲜明的艺术特色，以幽默，讽刺，旁白等叙事手法陈述故事，通过愉快活泼的对话刻画人物，采用现实主义表现手法揭露当时英国上流社会尔虞我诈的种种丑态，使作品产生了独特的艺术魅力，从而奠定了萨克雷在英国文学史上的重要地位，萨克雷在夏普身上灌注了他对新革命主义和新资本主义的思考：她集十九世纪西方世界的种种虚荣，虚伪于一身，滑稽剧似的展示了一个野心勃勃，追逐名利的形象。通过分析，对比《名利场》中的女性人物来揭露十九世纪女人的虚荣观，我们可以得出她们是当时时代和社会风气的产物的结论。 2，国内外的研究状况和发展趋势 萨克雷是与狄更斯齐名的英国19世纪批判现实主义小说家、评论家，被夏洛蒂.勃朗特亲切称为一位犀利而无情的讽刺家。他的巨著
毕业论文（设计） 题目From Shaping the Characters of Becky to Analysis Thackeray`s Criticism on the British Society in Vanity Fair 学院外国语学院 专业英语年级 2012级 学生邓小岚
学号 120310311 指导教师袁德成
从《名利场》中蓓基的人物形象塑造看萨克雷对英国社会的 批判 英语专业 学生:邓小岚指导教师:袁德成 摘要：《名利场》是一部富有讽刺寓意的小说，使萨克雷在英国文学史上占据了不可动摇的地位，人们尊称他为讽刺小说界的大师，人们把他与查尔斯狄更斯齐名。《名利场》通过刻画女主人公蓓基的人物性格特征来表现作者萨克雷对当时英国社会的批判，蓓基爱慕虚荣，八面玲珑，趋炎附势，自私自利，虚伪，为了达到自己的目的而不择手段，并且逃避责任，这些都是当时英国那些上流社会达官贵人的基本特征。女主人公蓓基把自己的美色展露给大家，尤其是达官贵人，对达官贵人使眼色，眉目传情，凭借和达官贵人的不正当关系来提升自己的地位，获得金钱，获得金银珠宝，锦衣玉食。一个普通女人如何获得财富？当然不是靠自己的双手，而是靠男人。蓓基的一生中出现过很多男人，罗登是她丈夫，然而她并不爱自己的丈夫，只是因为她以为罗登是家产继承人而嫁给了他。本文通过研究作者萨克雷对女主人公蓓基的性格描写来揭露和批判当时英国社会中很多跟蓓基一样为了了进入上流社会而不择手段。 关键词：人物形象塑造；英国社会；批判；名利场
ABSTRACT Vanity Fair is a novel which full of ironic implication, which has made Thackeray`s unshakable position in the history of British literature. People regard him as a master of fiction and he is equally famous as Charles Dickens. Vanity Fair by depicting the heroine Becky`s personality traits to represent Thackeray`s criticism on British society at that time, Becky is vanity, versatility, timeserving, selfishness and hypocrisy. She always avoids responsibility, those are the typical basic features of the English polite social dignitaries. The heroine Becky shows everyone her own beauty, especially to the dignitaries, winking and flirting dignitaries and keeping improper relationship with dignitaries to improve her own positions, get the money, get gold and silver jewelry, and luxurious. How to gain wealth as an ordinary woman? Of course not by their own hands, but by the man. Becky's life appeared a lot of men, Rawdon is her husband, she does not love her husband, however, just because she thought Rawdon is the heir to the fortune and so married him. In this paper, by studying author Thackeray`s character portrayal of the heroine Becky to expose and criticize at that time a lot of woman like Becky in order to enter the upper society by hook or by crook in British society. Key words: the shaping of image; the British society; critical; Vanity Fair
各章习题 第1章 1．什么是菌落？了解菌落有何实际意义？ 2．绘出细菌的基本结构和特殊结构图。 3．比较革兰阳性菌和阴性菌的细胞壁结构及化学组成的差异。 4．试述脂多糖及外膜蛋白的组成及功能。 5．叙述细菌核体与真核细胞核的异同。 6．解释荚膜的概念及其功能。 7．S层是什么样的结构？ 8．试述鞭毛的结构和功用。 9．菌毛的本质、分类及功能如何？ 10．叙述芽胞的结构、功能及对外界环境抵抗力强的原因。 11．根据鞭毛、芽胞为何能鉴别细菌？ 12．什么是革兰染色？有何意义？其染色机制如何？ 13．试述应用电镜观察细菌有哪些特点和限制？ 第2章 1．细菌菌体分裂为什么只需较短时间？ 2．细菌的生长曲线如何确定？有何意义？ 3．试述细菌生长的各个期的特点。 4．培养基有哪些种类？各有何用途？ 6．生物被膜有何特点？ 7．何谓密度感应系统调控？举例说明其作用。 8．试述益生菌及益生元的概念及应用价值。 9．何谓菌群失调？保持动物正常菌群有何重要意义？ 10．试述悉生生物学和悉生动物的概念、实验动物分类（包括定义）以及培育实验动物的意义。 第3章 1．何谓灭菌、消毒、防腐？举例比较它们的异同。 2．试述影响微生物的主要物理因素及其实用价值。 3．试述各种热力灭菌法的方法原理及其主要用途。 4．根据对微生物的灭活作用可分为哪些类型？列举常用的辐射方法及其杀菌原理和应用。5．试述滤过除菌的概念及其应用。 第4章 1．什么是柯赫法则？如何从分子水平解释柯赫法则？ 2．试述致病菌侵入宿主细胞的主要过程。 3．什么样的细菌能内化入胞？意义何在？ 4．什么是细菌外毒素？其基本特性及组成如何？ 5．什么是类毒素？有何用途？ 6．试述内毒素的来源、组成、致病意义及检测方法。
Vanity Fair: A Novel Without a Hero Abstract Vanity Fair is Thackeray’s masterpiece. The subtitle of the book, “A Novel Without a Hero,”emphasize the fact that the writer’s intention was not to portray individuals, but the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole. Rebecca Sharp , shrewd and unscrupulous ,is an orphan. Amelia Sedley is a daughter from a wealthy London merchant. Rebecca is determined to go to the upper society at all costs .She attempts but fails to entrap Amelia’s brother Joseph for a husband . And then she becomes a governess in Sir Pitt Crawley .She marries his son, Rawden Crawley , to inherit a big sum of money from Rawden’s aunt. But her hope doesn’t come true. Amelia marries her father’s business friend’s son, George Osborne. The people in this novel all have a strong desire for money and position. The author depicted their libido for ugly things vigiously. Outline 1.Introduction to Thackeray’s life and work 2.The plot of Vanity Fair 3.My view about the characters Body 1. Introduction to Thackeray’s life and work Thackeray, like Dickens, was a representative of critical realism in 19th century England. He was bone in 1811 in India, in the family of an English official. His first literary success came with a series of satirical sketches entitled The Snobs of England. The book draws a galley of snobs from different walks of life. In Thackey’s view a snob is a person who fawns upon his social superiors and looks dawn with contempt upon his inferiors. The book may be regarded as a prelude to his major literary career, as it contains all the important ideas that constitute the contents of his later works. In the forties his realistic writing method became mature and firmly established. A brilliant example of this method and one of the greatest masterpieces of critical realism is Vanity Fair. Vanity Fair was the peak of his literary career. At last, he abandons the noise and unrest of city life to find happiness and peace in country life. He published two historical novels, Henry Esmond and The Virginians. He also wrote many other works including short stories, sketches, and satirical poems. These were popular during the writer’s lifetime but for the most part forgotten by the next generation of readers. During the last year of his life, he worked on the novel Denis Duval which remained unfinished owing to the author’s death in 1863. 2. The plot of Vanity Fair The title of Vanity Fair was taken from Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress. The scene of the story is England in the first half of the 19th century. The book opens with the two girls from their school in a London suburb, where they have studied for 6 years. One of them was Amelia Sedley , the daughter of a wealthy London family. The other