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海洋特色英语与文化课后翻译

海洋特色英语与文化课后翻译
海洋特色英语与文化课后翻译

Unit 1

什么使大海如此吸引我们?为什么我们愿意花很多钱,驱车数小时,或精心计划我们的时间,就为了能找时间亲近大海?海洋对健康的好处是巨大的,而在海洋空气中呼吸也是福气。

What makes us so drawn to the ocean? Why are we willing to spend a lot of money, drive for hours, and plan our days carefully just to find time to get close to the ocean? The health benefits are great and breathing in the ocean air is bliss.

但除了我们对水活动的热情外,肯定有更多的原因促使我们付出这么多的时间和精力。最近我读的一篇文章可以帮助解释这些往往很难用言词表达的感情。简单地说,我们的大脑很享受海水。

But there must be more reasons which prompt us to invest so much time and energy besides our passion for water activity. A recent article I read helped to explain these feelings that are often hard to put into words. Simply put, our brains really enjoy the water.

华莱士·J·尼科尔斯是一位海洋生物学家,他想知道当我们在海上、海里或者在大海附近时我们对海洋的情绪反应。总之,尼科尔斯的目标不是传授给我们关于海洋的知识,而是准确查明我们热爱海洋的原因,这样我们可以通过公共政策把它作为一个工具来保护海洋。

Wallace J. Nichols is a marine biologist who wants to learn what happens to us when we are on, in, or near the ocean. Specifically he wants to understand what on earth triggers our emotional reactions to the ocean. In brief, Nichols’ goal is not to impart to us the knowledge about ocean, but to find out exactly why we love the ocean so that we can use that as a tool to protect it through public policy.

Unit 2

洛杉矶位于加州,是个适合居住的城市。宣人的气候和高质量的生活,使得这里的房价是其他主要城市的两倍多。但是气候变化给这个城市带来了有形的威胁和舒适性的浩劫。

Los Angeles, located in California, is a great place to live. Pleasing climate and high-quality life make the home prices here more than double those in other major cities. However, climate change poses tangible threats and amenity havoc.

气候研究人员预测,未来的洛杉矶平均气温将比现在高13华氏度,气候变化会夺走这里许多气候的独特性。房价因此下跌,气候舒适带来的房地产溢价消失(这对于购房者来说是坏消息)。

Climate researchers predict that the temperature of LA will be 13 degrees F warmer on average in the future. Climate change will strip away much of the city’s climate uniq ueness. Therefore, home price declines and climate amenity premium vanishes (bad news for the real estate owners).

洛杉矶如何应对气候变化?一方面,洛城要学会适应气候变化,通过提高公共服务来减少变化给居民带来的伤害。社区非政府组织已开始填补这一空白。另一方面,保护环境是刻不容缓的,由此可以维持城市的气候舒适性。当然,洛城的未来跟全球的气候变化是密切相关的。

How can LA adapt to the climate change? On the one hand, LA should learn to adapt to the change by improving public service to reduce the harm to its residents. Community-based NGOs have stepped up to fill this void. On the other hand, it’s pressing to protect the environment to maintain the city’s climate amenity. Of course, the future of Los Angeles is closely interconnected with the global climate change.

Unit 3

捕鲸就像英国的猎狐,各方意见似乎永远不能达成一致。1986年以来,国际捕鲸委员会就已经禁止了商业的捕鲸行为。可是每年夏天在南极,日本都会派遣船队南下去捕捉数百只鲸鱼以供作“研究用”。

As with foxhunting in Britain, all sides seem never to reach an agreement on whaling. Since 1986 the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has imposed a moratorium on commercial whaling. Yet every Antarctic summer, Japan sends a whaling fleet south to catch hundreds of w hales for “research”.

鲸鱼仍在被大肆捕杀;近年来平均每年捕杀量已经几乎达到2000头。为了防止鲸鱼绝迹,国际捕鲸委员会提出了一份和平计划。根据这一提案,之前的禁令将被接触十年,但捕鲸者必须统一大幅减少捕鲸数量。

But whales are still killed in large numbers; in recent years the annual slaughter has reached almost 2,000 on average. To avoid the extinction of whales, IWC put forward a “peace plan”. According to the proposal, the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers have to agree to a sharp reduction in their catch.

对于重新开放商业捕鲸,保护主义者一定优惠抱怨、批评。尽管如此,任何一个妥协的方案都要比继续僵持要好。

The conservationists would definitely complain about or criticize the resumption of commercial whaling. Even so, any compromising deal would be far better than continued stand-off.

Unit 4

近年来,由于环境污染、过度捕捞等因素,海域的渔业资源出现衰退的情况。应当说,国家为了保护海洋渔业资源,做到可持续发展,在将每年规定一段时间为休渔期之外,也限制捕捞的网具规格。

In recent years, due to environmental pollution, overfishing and other factors, the fisheries resources are in decline. It should be said that the state not only sets the period of time each year for fishing moratorium but also restricts fishing nets specifications in order to protect marine fisheries resources to achieve sustainable development.

但是渔民为了提高效率增加收入,采取某些极端手段以多捕鱼为主,使得渔业资源的繁殖和发展链条被人为隔断,极大破坏了海洋的生态环境,直接后果和尚未预知的破坏作用可以说是无可估量的。

However, the fishermen take some extreme ways to fish in order to boost efficiency and increase income so that the chain between the reproduction and development of fishery resources have been artificially cut off, which greatly damages the marine ecological environment and a direct consequence and the unknown destruction will be invaluable.

大海里的野生鱼类已经无法满足人类日益增长的需求,水产养殖的海产品在未来会越发重要,但他不能拯救我们。从事蓝色作业的渔民的需求迫在眉睫。作为消费者,我们可以选择限制吃鱼的数量,以确保我们的子孙后代不会无鱼可吃。

Wild fish has been unable to meet the ever-growing needs of mankind. Aquaculture will be increasingly important in the future, but it cannot save us. Blue fish farmers are needed. As consumers, we can choose to limit the number of fish to ensure that our future generations will also have fish to eat.

Unit 5

21世纪是海洋的世纪,海洋是拥有巨大潜力的天然资源宝库。从海洋生物中获得的许多的结构新颖、活性独特的物质未获得全新结构的新药提供了宝贵的化合物资源。

The 21st century is the century of ocean, and the ocean is the treasury of huge potential natural resources. Obtained from the marine organisms, many substances with novel structure and unique activity provide valuable compound sources for new drugs with brand-new structures.

随着人们绿色消费意识的增强和回归大自然的呼声日益高涨,高效、低毒的海洋药物收到各国政府和药学界的重视。20世纪60年代,各国竞相投入资源,开始利用海洋生物资源进行药物开发的系统研究。

As people's awareness of green consumption and the voice of returning to nature are rising, marine drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity attract attention of national governments and pharmaceutical circles. In the 1960s, countries competed to invest heavily, and began utilizing marine biological resources for systematic study on drug development.

在过去的几十年间,6000多种海洋天然产物被发现,其中有重要的生物活性已经申请专利的新化合物有200多种。在我国近海也已发现具有药用价值的生物700多种。

In the past few decades, more than 6,000 kinds of marine natural products were found, among which over 200 varieties of novel compounds had important bioactivities and had been patented. In China's coastal waters more than 700 kinds of organisms with medicinal value have also been found.

海洋生物制药的产生和兴起,标志着医药科学和海洋科学向深度和广度发展,逐步形成一门崭新、重要的制药工程学科。

The emergence and rise of marine biopharmacy marks the fact that medical science and marine science develop in depth and breadth, thus gradually forming a new, important pharmaceutical engineering discipline.

Unit 6

海洋酸化指海水由于吸收了空气中过量的二氧化碳,导致酸碱度降低的现象。科学家们认为我们排放出的二氧化碳越多,海洋吸收的越多,海水就会变得越酸,这可能会给海洋生物带来一系列潜在的毁灭性的影响。Ocean acidification refers to the decrease in the pH value of the oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Scientists say the more carbon dioxide we emit, the more oceans absorb and the more acidic the water becomes, and this may cause a range of potentially devastating consequences for marine organisms.

比如,酸度增加会导致紫贻贝的免疫反应下降,阻碍珊瑚的生长繁殖,使某些浮游生物难以生存,并对海洋食物链带来威胁。

For instance, the increasing acidity may reduce the immune responses of blue mussels, slow the growth of corals and make it hard for some planktons to survive; moreover, it may pose a threat to the food chains connected with the oceans.

鉴于当前对全球二氧化碳排放导致海洋酸化的担忧,我们比以往更需要了解海洋通常是如何维持酸平衡的。更紧急的是我们需要提高移植二氧化碳排放的意识,这才是放下解决或缓解海洋酸化的有效办法。

Given current concerns about the ocean acidification through global carbon dioxide emissions, it is more important than ever that we understand how the acidity balance of the sea is normally maintained. And it is more urgent that we raise our awareness of curbing the emission of carbon dioxide, which is the effective way to solve or mitigate ocean acidification for the time being.

Unit 7

厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋赤道附近海域大范围水温升高引起的一种异常气候现象。厄尔尼诺等极端气候现象正在变得越来越频繁。其强度也在不断增加。科学家们认为,厄尔尼诺现象的发生于人类自然环境的日益恶化有关,是地球温室效应增加的直接结果。

El Ni?o is an unusual weather phenomenon caused by a wide range of rising water temperatures in the Pacific waters near the equator. El Nino and other extreme weather events are becoming more frequent, and its intensity is increasing. Scientists believe that the occurrence of El Ni?o is related to deteriorating natural environment by human beings and a direct result of increased global warming.

1998年全球厄尔尼诺现象造成的海水温度上升而产生大面积珊瑚礁褪色事件,所有的珊瑚礁度都受到影响,珊瑚礁正成为地球上第一类被人类完全毁掉的生态系统。珊瑚礁里生活着地球上四分之一的海洋生物物种。虽然厄尔尼诺事件并不是人类生活造成的,但残酷的现实暗示人类对海洋生物具有的潜在影响。

In 1998 the global rise in sea temperatures caused by El Nino produces a large area of coral bleaching. All of the coral reefs are affected. Coral reefs on the planet are becoming a first class ecosystem which has been completely destroyed by human beings. Coral reefs are the permanent or temporary home of perhaps a quarter of all marine species. Although El Nino events are not caused by human activities, the harsh reality suggests humans' potential impact on marine organisms.

第九讲高中英语翻译技巧与能力训练(上)[讲义]

高考英语翻译技巧与能力训练 高考英语中的翻译(中译英)题要求考生能应用所学过的语法和词汇来准确地表达思想,是一种要求相当高的考查形式。要求考生把中文的句子译成通顺的、语法结构正确的、符合英语表达习惯的英语句子,并能准确地传达中文句子中的每一个信息。该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力,它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力,还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。翻译不仅在高考英语主观题中占不小的比例,而且翻译能力还直接影响考生在作文中的表现。 高考评分标准: 1.每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分;2.语法错误(包括时态错误)每处扣一分;3.译文没用所给的单词扣一分。 如何才能提高中译英水准,在高考中获得理想的分数呢?考生除了必须具备比较扎实的语言基础外,关键还在于学会总结规律,找准中译英的切入点。 一、分析句子结构、寻找合适的句型 中文必须仔细读,一定要看的就是题目给我们的关键字或关键的词组,也就是我们常说的key words。尤其是最后两句翻译句子,它们大都在句子结构上提高了难度。读什么?读出句子结构:对于简单句,辨别出主谓宾,分清定语、同位语和状语;对于并列句,记住两个语法意义上独立的分句,须由连词连接起来;对于复合句,须区分定语从句,名词性从句以及状语从句。一般来说,中译英的句型可分为三大类:1.简单句;2.并列句;3.复合句;同时我们也要注意非谓语动词及其他一些特殊结构。回顾近几年的高考试题时,也不难发现试题中考了一些特殊句式。如:It句型(近几年考得较为频繁)、倒装句、with结构。 例1: 昨天我的电脑坏了。(wrong) 解析:本题考查:1)简单句There be结构;2)wrong的用法;3)中英文表达的差异。 译句:There was something wrong with my computer yesterday. 例2: 遇到困难的时候,我们需要的不是彼此埋怨,而是互相帮助。(not…but) 解析:本题考查:1)复合句:when引导的状语从句;what引导的主语从句;2)not…but结构;3)“彼此埋怨”的英文翻译。 译句:When(we are)in difficulty/When we meet with difficulties/When we have difficulties ,what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other. 例3:我们能做什么来阻止这种疾病蔓延呢?(prevent) 分析:如果有学生没有读全中文原句的话,就很有可能看成是以前所做的“我们要做些什么来阻止这种疾病的蔓延”,而译为We should do something to prevent the spread of this disease.因为这个原因而造成扣分,就太不应该了。 译句:What can we do to prevent the spread of this disease? 例4:他很有可能通过自己的努力得到驾驶执照。(likely) 译句:He is likely to get the driving license with his own efforts. 分析:有些学生一看到有可能,就会想到自己比较熟悉的possible,想当然地翻译成It is possible that…的结构。其实,学生对likely这个key word的使用也是会的,完全能够使用be likely to do或It’s likely th at…的结构。 例5:上海近几年经历了许多变化,如今已成为世界闻名的经济中心。(go through) 分析:乍一看,学生很容易轻易下笔,Shanghai has gone through…,it has become…,这已成为很多学生的一个习惯,句子和句子中随便用逗号隔开,英语不像中文,必须要考虑到句子的结构,逗号也不能随意使用。而此句中,就要想到用并列句中的连接词and来连接两个成分。

舟山海洋文化

我的家乡——舟山 我的家乡坐落在有“东海明珠”美誉的舟山群岛。舟山是全国唯一以群岛设市的地级行政区划,由1390个岛屿组成,处于中国东部黄金海岸线与长江黄金水道的交汇处,是长三角经济圈最初的15个城市之一,背靠长三角广阔经济腹地,是中国东部沿海和长江流域走向世界的主要海上门户。东临太平洋,是远东国际航线要冲,也是中国大陆地区唯一深入太平洋的海上战略支撑基地。“港、景、渔”是舟山最大的海洋特色资源。舟山的桂冠上闪烁着“中国海鲜之都、海洋经济强市、海洋文化名城、海上花园城市、中国优秀旅游城市”等国家级荣誉光环。去年,舟山成为中国继上海浦东、天津滨海和重庆两江后又一个国家级新区,也是首个以海洋经济为主题的国家级新区。 舟山与海结缘,其文化因海而生,我们称之为海洋文化。文化软实力是一个城市竞争力的重要因素,舟山拥有的海洋文化亦是我们宝贵的资源,它将在国家开发海洋的时代中,作出独有的贡献。 海洋历史文化 舟山的马岙是人类最早走向海洋的地方之一,早在五六千年前,马岙创造了“海岛河姆渡文化”,被誉为“东海第一村”。定海古城已有1200多年的建城历史,比中国许多沿海城市如上海、大连、青岛等要早得多。定海古城作为海洋历史文化遗产,古迹众多,是全国唯一的海岛历史文化名城。 海洋交流文化 舟山是“海上丝绸之路”的重要通道,徐福东渡、鉴真东渡、遣唐使往来、郑和下西洋都曾将舟山作为始发站或中转站。明朝嘉靖年间的六横双屿港,是亚、非、欧各国商人云集的当时世界上最大的国际贸易港之一,在中国海洋经济历史上占有重要地位。 海洋军事文化 舟山群岛是华东门户,历来为海防要塞,兵家必争之地。爆发于1840年的鸦片战争定海保卫战,在中国近代史上具有特殊意义。而舟山作为“双拥文化城”,驻舟部队既是舟山特有的政治优势,又是舟山独特的海洋文化优势。 海洋渔业文化 舟山渔场是世界四大著名渔场之一,沈家门渔港是世界三大著名渔港之一。舟山在渔业生产中形成古朴、粗犷的生产、生活、礼仪、游艺等习俗,产生了以“舟山锣鼓”和“舟山渔民号子”为代表的具有舟山特征的海洋艺术。海洋捕捞、水产养殖、海洋生物、水产品开发加工、海鲜美食、渔港景观、渔民习俗、渔村古居、赶海野趣等充分显示了舟山渔业文化的活力和魅力。 海洋宗教文化 “海天佛国”普陀山集佛教圣地与海山风光于一身,是世界上唯一位于海岛的佛教名山,“五朝恩赐无双地,四海推崇第一山”,在国内外特别是东南亚一带享有盛名,观音文化的地位,使普陀山成为中国佛教文化的中心之一。 海洋民俗风情 舟山的生产习俗、生活习俗、礼仪习俗、海岛时令习俗等,是东海渔区渔业生产和渔民生活的真实写照,在中国沿海风俗中颇具特色。其中有神秘的船饰文化,别具一格的渔民服饰文化,海洋气息的风俗习惯,奇特的婚嫁礼俗及庙会、灯会等民间文化习俗。 海洋文学艺术 舟山的海景吸引古代众多的文人墨客,王安石、陆游、范成大等人都在舟山留下过富有海洋气息的诗文,比较重要的作品有柳永的《煮海歌》、张岱的《海志》。

会计专业英语翻译题知识分享

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