中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第四单元A套答案B4U4-A
Part I Listening Comprehension ( 15 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false.
1.
A) T
B) F
Script: In 1998 William Browder gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe.
正确答案： A
2.
A) T
B) F
Script: Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently.
正确答案： A
3.
A) T
B) F
Script: Despite all that globetrotting, Mandl, 55 years old, still identifies himself as a Canadian.
正确答案： B
4.
A) T
B) F
Script: Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth.
正确答案： A
5.
A) T
B) F
Script: As borders and national identities become more important, some find that
threatening and even dangerous.
正确答案： B
6.
A) T
B) F
Script: Global trade has been around for centuries; the corporations and countries that benefited from it were largely content to treat vast parts of the world as places to mine natural resources or sell finished products.
正确答案： A
7.
A) T
B) F
Script: Text B contrasts Western skeptics with Eastern enthusiasts for globalization and reflects on the way economic integration can help promote greater political tolerance.
正确答案： A
8.
A) T
B) F
Script: The developed world is beating a path to China's and India's door — and Chinese and Indian companies, in turn, have started to look overseas for some of their future growth.
正确答案： A
9.
A) T
B) F
Script: China and India haven’t decided that opening their economies to trade in goods and services is the best way to lift their people out of abject poverty and are now focused simply on how to globalize in the most stable manner.
正确答案： B
10.
A) T
B) F
Script: India is just beginning to realize that this process of globalization is one where the Indian have an inherent advantage.
正确答案： A
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
This (11)_________________ wave of globalization has been driven by policies that have opened economies (12)_________________ and internationally. In the years since the (13)_________________ , and especially during the past two decades, many governments have adopted free-market (14)_________________ , vastly increasing their own productive (15)_________________ and creating myriad new opportunities for (16)_________________ and investment. Governments also have (17)_________________ dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade in goods, services, and investment.
(18)_________________ new opportunities in foreign markets, corporations have built foreign factories and established production and marketing arrangements with foreign partners. Globalization is deeply controversial, however. Proponents of globalization argue that it allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their (19)_________________ , while opponents of globalization claim that the creation of an unfettered international free market has benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures, and common people. Resistance to globalization has therefore (20)_________________ both at a popular and at a governmental level as people and governments try to manage the flow of capital, labor, goods, and ideas that constitute the current wave of globalization. To find the right balance between benefits and costs associated with globalization, citizens of all nations need to understand how globalization works and the policy choices facing them and their societies.
Script: This current wave of globalization has been driven by policies that have opened economies domestically and internationally. In the years since the Second World War, and especially during the past two decades, many governments have adopted free-market economic systems, vastly increasing their own productive potential and creating myriad new opportunities for international trade and investment. Governments also have negotiated dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade in goods, services, and investment. Taking advantage of new opportunities in foreign markets, corporations have built foreign factories and established production and marketing arrangements with foreign partners. Globalization is deeply controversial, however. Proponents of globalization argue that it allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their standards of living, while opponents of globalization claim that the creation of an unfettered international free market has
benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures, and common people. Resistance to globalization has therefore taken shape both at a popular and at a governmental level as people and governments try to manage the flow of capital, labor, goods, and ideas that constitute the current wave of globalization. To find the right balance between benefits and costs associated with globalization, citizens of all nations need to understand how globalization works and the policy choices facing them and their societies.
正确答案： current
正确答案： domestically
正确答案： Second World War
正确答案： economic systems
正确答案： potential
正确答案： international trade
正确答案： negotiated
正确答案： Taking advantage of
正确答案： standards of living
正确答案： taken shape
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
A) define B) strengthen C) accident D) at least
E) entitle F) politicians G) annual H) implications
I) be committed to J) earnest K) increasingly L) witness
M) World Economic Forum N) forum O) journalists
21. ______________________
正确答案： A
22. ______________________
正确答案： C
23. ______________________
正确答案： G
24. ______________________
正确答案： M
25. ______________________
正确答案： F
26. ______________________
正确答案： O
27. ______________________
正确答案： J
28. ______________________
正确答案： H
29. ______________________
正确答案： D
30. ______________________
正确答案： K
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.
In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned. Adding to societal changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. The individual now has more information available than any other generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem
is complicated, time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming.
Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before. Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computers to locate specific information. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared worldwide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.
In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. "Knowledge is power" may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people.
31.
The word "it" (Para. 2) most probably refers to _______.
A) the lack of stable communities
B) the breakdown of informal information channels
C) the increased mobility of families
D) the growing number of people moving from place to place
正确答案： B
32.
The main problem people may encounter today arises from the fact that _______.
A) they have to learn new things consciously
B) they lack the confidence of securing reliable and trustworthy information
C) they have difficulty obtaining the needed information readily
D) they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family
正确答案： C
33.
From the passage we can infer that _______.
A) electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages
B) it will become more difficult for people to keep secrets in an information era
C) people will spend less time holding meetings or conferences
D) events will be reported on the spot mainly through satellites
正确答案： A
34.
Technology facilitates _______.
A) sharing information
B) storing and sending information
C) providing people with easy access to more information
D) all of the above
正确答案： D
35.
We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.
A) it is necessary to obtain as much
B) people should make the best use of the information
C) we should realize the importance of accumulating information
D) it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently
正确答案： D
Passage Two
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
In many ways, today’s business environment has changed qualitatively since the late 1980s. The end of the Cold War radically altered the very nature of the world’s politics and economics. In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation (解除政府对……的控制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓) feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.
At the same time, we have fully entered the Information Age, startling breakthroughs in information technology have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it’s almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. With stunning speed, the Internet is profoundly changing the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate.
As a consequence, we have truly entered the Post-Industrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, place an unprecedented premium on “knowledge workers,” a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller’s market.
Beyond the realm of information technology, the accelerated pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a Pervasive (广泛的) demand for continuous innovation. New product, process, and distribution technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive
technologies — innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.
Another major trend has been the fragmentation of consumer and business markets. There’s a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensive in the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business’s ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers’ appetites for more and more specialized offerings.
36.
According to the first paragraph, the changes in the business environment in the past decades can be attributed to ________.
A) technological advances
B) worldwide economic disorder
C) the fierce competition in industry
D) the globalization of economy
正确答案： D
37.
What idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph?
A) The rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surprise.
B) Information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactions.
C) The Internet, intranets, e-mail, and portable computers have penetrated every corner of the world.
D) The way we do business today has brought about startling breakthroughs in information technology.
正确答案： B
38.
If a business wants to thrive in the Post-Industrial economy, ________.
A) it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller’s market
B) it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable people
C) it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distribution
D) it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market
正确答案： C
39.
In the author’s view, destructive technologies are innovations which ________.
A) can eliminate an entire business segment
B) demand a radical change in providing services
C) may destroy the potential of a company to make any profit
D) call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business
正确答案： A
40.
With the fragmentation of consumer and business markets ________.
A) an increasing number of companies have disintegrated
B) manufacturers must focus on one special product to remain competitive in the market
C) it is physically impossible and prohibitively expensive to do business in the old way
D) businesses have to meet individual customers’ specific needs in order to succeed
正确答案： D
Part III Vocabulary and Structure ( 10 minutes )
Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.
41.
The police found no ________ of a terrorist link with the murder.
A) proofs
B) arguments
C) evidence
D) grounds
正确答案： C
42.
As time goes by, his daughter is ________ beautiful.
A) most
B) much
C) increasing
D) increasingly
正确答案： D
43.
The government has just drafted a law ________ foreign companies.
A) virtuous to
B) virtuous of
C) advantageous for
D) advantageous to
正确答案： D
44.
The lost car of the Lees was found _______ in the woods off the highway.
A) vanished
B) abandoned
C) scattered
D) rejected
正确答案： B
45.
Expert say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _______ healthy.
A) preserve
B) stay
C) maintain
D) reserve
正确答案： B
46.
The students expected there _______ more reviewing classes before the final exam.
A) is
B) being
C) have been
D) to be
正确答案： D
47.
You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting _______ you don't mind taking the night train.
A) provided
B) unless
C) though
D) until
正确答案： A
48.
There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, _______ they can limit how much water you drink.
A) much more than
B) no more than
C) no less than
D) any more than
正确答案： D
49.
He was the only _____ of the plane crash.
A) survivor
B) person
C) man
D) crew
正确答案： A
50.
His chief __________ is his winning smile.
A) liability
B) capital
C) asset
D) accounts
正确答案： C
51.
The topic ____________ on the crisis in these two countries.
A) centers
B) basis
C) core
D) seats
正确答案： A
52.
William once _____ that music was his life. Everything he has in life he owes to his music.
A) hoped
B) declared
C) desired
D) charged
正确答案： B
53.
Once he decided what he wanted, he would _____ it with single-mindedness.
A) go out of
B) go on with
C) go ahead of
D) go after
正确答案： D
54.
Seeing the old man crossing the road, _____ in time to prevent an accident.
A) the driver came to a halt to the car
B) the driver brought the car to a halt
C) the driver made a halt to the car
D) the driver called the car to a halt
正确答案： B
55.
All flights _____ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.
A) having canceled
B) having been canceled
C) were canceled
D) have been canceled
正确答案： B
56.
She read a poem __________ The Apple Tree.
A) enabled
B) labelled
C) entitled
D) authorized
正确答案： C
57.
The __________ of that school took five years.
A) establishment
B) organization
C) formation
D) constitution
正确答案： A
58.
It is known to all that little perseverance _____ between success and failure.
A) makes no difference
B) makes little difference
C) makes a difference
D) makes all the difference
正确答案： D
59.
The house has a pleasant __________ over the valley.
A) outlook
B) overlook
C) lookout
D) view
正确答案： A
60.
I didn’t want to __________ Mother’s misery.
A) add to
B) add up to
C) odd to
D) add
正确答案： A
Part IV Translation ( 10 minutes )
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
61. We must ____________________ (达到平衡) between work and rest.
正确答案： strike a balance
62. It ____________________ (无所谓) if you are late to my party. I just want you to come.
正确答案： makes no difference
63. She doesn't even know how to boil potatoes, ____________________ (更别说为你准备晚餐了).
正确答案： let alone prepare dinner for you
64. Mary was laid off because ____________________ (她与上司不和).
正确答案： she was at odds with her boss
65. Young children may run around and make a lot of noise. Actually ____________________ (他们的行为与他们的年龄相符).
正确答案： they are acting appropriately for their age。
