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人教版英语七年级下册初识一般过去时

初识一般过去时

一、一般过去时态的概念及结构

一般过去时主要表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。在句子中由主语+ 动词的过去式来表达。如:

(1) He walks to school. (一般现在时)

(2) He walked to school. (一般过去时)

句子(1)中动词walks是现在式(即第三人称单数)。由于主语是第三人称单数的he,所以原形的walk后必须加上-s表示习惯性的、经常性的动作。句意为:他经常步行上学。而在句子(2)中,动词walked是过去式,过去式是叙述过去事情的动词形式,因此这个句子是表示过去的某时,句意为:他曾经步行上学。

be动词的一般过去时:

肯定句:主语+ be动词的过去式was / were +其他.

否定句:主语+ be动词的过去式was / were + not +其他.

疑问句:be动词的过去式Was / Were + 主语+ 其他?如:

He was busy yesterday. 他昨天很忙。(肯定句)

He was not (wasn’t) busy yesterday. 他昨天不忙。(否定句)

Was he busy yesterday? 他昨天忙吗?(一般疑问句)

行为动词的一般过去时:

肯定句:主语+ 动词过去式+ 其他.

否定句:主语+ 助动词did not / didn’t + 动词原形+ 其他.

疑问句:助动词Did + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他?

注意:did是do的过去式,在这里是助动词,用来构成否定句和一般疑问句,与一般现在时中的do / does功能相同。如:

He played football last Sunday. 他上个星期天踢足球了。(肯定句)

He did not play football last Sunday. 他上个星期天没有踢足球。(否定句)

Did he play football last Sunday? 上个星期天他踢足球了吗?(一般疑问句)

注意:行为动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化。

二、基本用法

1. 一般过去时通常用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况。如:

—Where were you last week? 上周你在哪儿?

—I was at my uncle’s home in the countryside. (上周)我在乡下的叔叔家。

2. 有些情况,发生时间没有明确标明,但实际上是过去发生的,应用过去时态;另外,在谈到已故去的人时,也多用过去时。如:

He bought a cat, and now they are good friends. 他买了一只猫,现在他们是好朋友了。

Lu Xun was a great writer. 鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。

三、时间状语

与一般过去时连用的时间状语有:yesterday(昨天), last night(昨晚), last week (上个星期), four days ago(四天前), in 2002(在2002年), just now(刚才), the day before yesterday(前天)等。如:

He went to the park yesterday. 他昨天去了花园。

I was ten years old in 2001. 我2001年才10岁。

四、动词的过去式

在一般过去时态中会涉及到动词的过去式,大家要掌握规则动词的过去式的变化规则。其基本的变化规则如下:

(1)规则变化

(2)不规则动词变化的动词不定式

have—had are—were get—got say—said feel—felt do/does—did is—was go—went drink—drank eat—ate bring—brought think—thought

buy—bought catch—caught teach—taught sit—sat wear—wore cut—cut sweep—swept sleep——slept see—saw become—became read—read

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