名词性从句翻译

2) 以it作形式宾语的宾语从句 一般按原句顺序翻译，it可不译出
I
made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. 我明确地告诉他们，论文必须在上午十点之 前交。 Anyhow, old chap, I owe it to you that I am here. 不管怎么说，老伙计，我现在还能站在这儿， 全靠你。
2) 译为类似定语的结构或独立句
But
I knew I couldn’t trust him. There was the possibility that he was a political swindler. 但我知道不能轻信他。他是政治骗子这 种可能性还是存在的。 It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay. 迟延应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了 的。
同位语从句
保持原本的语序 译为类似定语的结构或独成一句 加入冒号、破折号和“这样”、
“这一”、“即”等字眼 改变原文的同位语结构，用汉语 的无主句或其他方式译出
1) 保持原本的语序
He
expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. 他表示希望能再来中国访问。 As an obedient son, he had accepted his father’s decision that he was to be a doctor, though the prospect didn’t interest him at all. 作为一个孝顺儿子，他接受了父亲的决 定，去当医生，虽然他对这样的前途毫 无兴趣可言。

名词性从句的翻译名词性从句⼀、主语从句（⼀）以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导的主语从句，在翻译的时候，⼀般可以按照英语原⽂顺序来翻译。

What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西⽽已。

Whether he comes or not makes no difference.When we can begin the expedition is still a question.（⼆）⽤it作形式主语的主语从句，可以把主语从句放到汉语句⼦最前⾯去翻译。

为了强调起见，it⼀般可以译出来；如果不需要强调，it也可以不译出来。

It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参加不参加会议没有多⼤关系。

（It没有翻译）It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。

（It翻译为“这”）有时候，如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的顺序翻译的话，it⼀般不需要译出来。

在汉语译⽂的开始，⼀般可以⽤“...的是，...”这样的结构来翻译。

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然没有看出⾃⼰的缺点。

（It不⽤翻译，还可以⽤“奇怪的是...”这样的结构来翻译）⼆、宾语从句（⼀）⽤that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句，翻译成汉语的时候，⼀般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。

名词性从句翻译练习英译中：1.How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood.2.it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.3.It is virtually impossible to imagine that universities, hospitals, large business or even science and technology could have come into being without cities to support them.4.Galieo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth.5.In spite of the fact that the authors who dealt with women's issues prior to 1949 agreed in principle that reforms had to be instituted, the outlook they depicted for reform was bleak.6.He believes that the highly mobile American society leaves individuals with feelings of rootlessness, isolation, indifference to community welfare, and shallow personal relationships.7.A even more possibility is that the dark matter is composed of sub-atomic articles left over by the Big Bang that is believed to have sparked the creation of the universe.中译英：1. 明天会不会举行运动会取决于明天的天气如何。

主语从句1、这个教材是否可用于我们的学校还未讨论过。

(whether2、使我最感到吃惊的是他态度的突然转变。

(what3、2010年世博会将在上海举行已成定局。

(that4、所有国家都同意,绝不攻击带有红十字标记的任何物体。

(whatever5、这次计划将如何执行仍需讨论。

(how6、一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。

(Whether(上海市高考题以it为形式主语的主从复合句1、他看来不愿意对这件事作进一步的评论。

(seem2、你喝了那么多咖啡难怪你睡不着。

(no wonder3、据估计,飞到火星上来回一趟需要一年半多的时间。

(estimate4、他碰巧以前做过类似的练习。

(happen5、他真的打算一路乘火车去莫斯科。

(true6、一切物质都是原子构成的,这是众所周知的事实。

(fact7、这种材料能否用在我们工厂还是一个问题。

(question8、业已证明他们的建议在一定程度上是合理的。

(prove9、原来他根本没出过国,也根本不是华侨。

(turn out10、下一班火车什么时候去西藏通知了没有?(announce11、新产品销路好不好取决于它的质量。

(whether12、据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。

(It(上海市高考题宾语从句1、汤姆希望成为任何一个能与他分享兴趣的人的朋友。

(whoever2、他们祖父当时也算是第一批就在这如今著名旅游胜地的地方安家的。

(what3、除非下雨,这位老人每天都散步。

(except4、我们问门卫办公室下午五点是否还开着。

(whether5、我爸爸说我可以选任何一件看上去适合我的衣服。

(whichever6、我们应该仔细地取出任何可能对年轻人有害的东西。

(whatever7、你能否告诉我为什么离开教室时不关灯?(why8、他除了喜欢偶尔下下棋外没多少别的爱好。

(except以IT为形式并与的主从复合句1、不要想当然地认为所有问题通过一次讨论就能解决。

2、我们认为每个市民都讲礼貌是很重要的。