矿物岩石地球化学通报
环境矿物学
Bu lletin of M ineralogy,Petrology and Geoch emistry
Vol.25No.4,Oct.2006
收稿日期:2006-08-11收到,09-13改回
基金项目:国家重大基础研究前期研究专项资金资助项目(2001CC A02400)第一作者简介:王长秋(1965-),男,副教授,博士,专业方向:环境矿物学.E -mail:cqw ang@.
黄钾铁矾类矿物沉淀去除Cr(Ⅵ)的初步研究
王长秋1
,马生凤2
,鲁安怀
1
1.北京大学地球与空间科学学院造山带和地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京100871;
2.国家地质分析研究中心,北京100037
摘 要:为探讨黄钾铁矾类矿物沉淀对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效果,利用黄钾铁矾类矿物沉淀对模拟含Cr(Ⅵ)废水进行了初步实验处理,结果表明,黄钾铁矾类矿物沉淀对含Cr(Ⅵ)废水有较好的去除效果,去除率都在70%以上,最高可达85%。黄钾铁矾与黄铵铁矾沉淀对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率差别不大;溶液酸碱度对去除率有明显影响,在pH 值为2.5~3.2时,时间相同,较高的pH 值比低pH 值的去除率高。黄钾铁矾类矿物的沉淀过程可用来处理矿山及其他工业废水,去除S 、Fe 和Cr(Ⅵ)等有毒有害元素。关 键 词:黄钾铁矾;黄铵铁矾;重金属离子Cr (Ⅵ)
中图分类号:O 614.61+1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1007-2802(2006)04-0335-04
A Preliminary Study on the Cr(Ⅳ)Removing f rom Wastewater by
Precipitation of Jarosite Group Minerals
WAN G Chang -qiu 1
,M A Sheng -feng 2
,LU An -huai
1
1.School of Earth and Space Sciences,K ey L aboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evoluton,Ministry of Education ,
Peking Univ ersity ,Beij ing 100871,China;2.National R esearch Center of Geoanalysis,Beij ing 100037,China
Abstract:In order to invest igate removing eff ect of t he heavy metal cat ion Cr (Ⅵ)by t he precipitation of jarosite
group minerals,a preliminary experimental study on t he Cr(Ⅵ)removing from simulat ed wast ewater by precipt at -ing jarosite group minerals has benn carried out.T he result indicates that the precipt at ion has a good removing eff ect t o the Cr(Ⅵ)in simulated w ast ewat er,w it h removing rat e of all over 70%and t he highest of 85%.T here is lit tle diff erence betw een the removing rates of Cr(Ⅵ)caused by t he precipitation of jarosit e and ammoniojarosit e.T he removing rat e is obviously inf luenced by t he pH value of solution.In the same t ime period and t he pH value ranging from 2.5t o 3.2,the higher of the pH value in solut ion,t he bet ter of the removing eff ect of Cr(Ⅵ).T he precipit at ion process of jarosit e group minerals can be use t o t ackle wastewat er produced from mines and other in -dustries f or reducing and removing S,Fe and ot her toxic and harmful element s,such as Cr.Key words:jarosite;ammoniojarosite;heavy metal cat ion Cr(Ⅵ)
铬(Cr)及其化合物是冶金工业、电镀、制革、油漆、颜料、印染、制药、照相制版等行业必不可少的原料。这些企业以及一些金属矿山的生产也产生相当量的含铬废水。Cr 和Cd 、Pb 、H g 等是对环境生态危害巨大的有毒有害重金属元素,含有这些元素的废水会严重污染水体和土壤,威胁生态环境和人类健康。铬在水体中以三价和六价为主。Cr (Ⅲ)和Cr (Ⅵ)都有生物毒性,会引发各种炎症,并会致癌。
其中Cr (Ⅵ)的毒性高于前者近100倍。因此含铬废水处理是环境重金属污染治理的重要问题之一。
目前已有一些去除水体中Cr (Ⅵ)的处理方法,包括草酸盐法、酸性条件下土壤法、土壤棕黄酸法、电凝聚加锰砂过滤法、电化学法、生物材料吸附法和矿物学处理法[1~6]。其中矿物学处理法研究较多。主要是利用矿物的吸附性能吸附Cr (Ⅵ)或者利用矿物的氧化还原性能使Cr(Ⅵ)还原为毒性较低的
