2012版英语一轮知识点学案：unit2《cloning》(新人教版选修8)
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2012版英语一轮知识点学案：Unit2《Cloning》（新人教版选修8）
Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦
1．differ vi. 不同；相异
2．undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担
3．Breakthrough n. 突破
4．Object vi. 反对；不赞成
5．obtain vt. 获得；赢得
6．Attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)
7．forbid vt. 禁止；不准
8．Accumulate vt. 积累；聚积
9．owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……
10．shortly adv. 立刻；不久
11．retire vi. 退休；离开
12．bother vt.& vi. 打扰；操心
13．assumption n. 假定；设想
14．regulation n. 规则；规章；法规
15．strike vi.& vt. 打；撞击；罢工
16．vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的
17．resist vt. 抵抗；对抗
18．merely adv. 仅；只；不过
19．decoration n. 装饰
20．adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱
21．reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的
Ⅱ.重要短语扫描
1．pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
2．cast down 沮丧；不愉快
3．in favour of 赞成；支持
4．(be) bound to (do)．.. 一定或注定(做)……
5． strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
6．from time to time 不时；偶尔
7．bring back to life 使复生；使复活
8．in vain 白费力气；枉费心机
9．in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)
10．have a great impact on 对……有很大影响
Ⅲ.课文原句突破
1．Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.Cloning scientists were cast down to find
that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.
[信息提取] be appropriate to (for) sth.适合于……的；适当的。
[例句仿写] 你应当用一种适合你的文章主题的写作风格。
You should write it in a style which________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 is appropriate to your subject
2．Is it in favour of cloning or against it?
[信息提取] in favour of赞成，支持。
[例句仿写] 我对她讲了我们的计划，她表示赞同。
I have told her about our plan，and she________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 is in favour of it
3．Dolly’s death，like her birth，was bound to raise worries.
[信息提取] be bound to肯定会。
[例句仿写] 看看天，今天下午一定会下雨。
Look at the sky，________ ________ ________ ________this afternoon.
【答案】 it’s bound to rain
4．Scientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the assumption that human clones have already
been born hasn’t been proved yet.
[信息提取] a matter of……的问题。
[例句仿写] 你应该把这当成一回事，这是一个生死攸关的问题。
You should take it seriously.It’s________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 a matter of life and death
undertake (undertook，undertaken) vt.着手；从事；承担
①They undertook a dangerous task.
他们承担了一项危险任务。
②He undertook to finish the job by Friday.
他答应在星期五以前完成那工作。
③I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.
我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。
1．Who do you think is the right person to ______the task?
A．undergo B．undertake
C．understand D．underline
【解析】 undertake the task表示“承担任务”为固定搭配，A、C、D均不与the task 构成有意义的词组。
【答案】 B
forbid (forbade/forbad；forbidden) vt.禁止
(1)forbid sb./sth.
If you want to marry her，I won’t forbid you.
如果你要娶她，我不会禁止你。
(2)forbid doing sth.禁止做某事
The new law forbids smoking in offices.
新法律禁止在办公室内抽烟。
(3)forbid sb.to do sth.禁止做某事
Her father forbade her to go out alone.
她父亲不许她单独外出。
My father forbade me to watch TV，which made me unhappy.
我父亲禁止我看电视，这使我不高兴。
2．—Can I smoke here?
—Sorry.We don’t allow________here.
A．people smoking B．people smoke
C．to smoke D．smoking
【解析】 句意为：——这里允许吸烟吗？——抱歉，这里不允许吸烟。allow允许，这个词的用法如下：allow sb.to do sth.；allow doing sth.。如：We don’t allow talking loudly in the hall.由此可知allow后有宾语时应用to do，而没有时用doing。
【答案】 D
3．He was in poor health，so the doctor________him to drink wine.
A．hoped B．demanded
C．forbade D．prevented
【解析】 由于身体差，医生禁止他喝酒，用forbid。
【答案】 C
object
(1)vi.不赞成，反对
We object to being treated like this.我们抗议这种待遇。
I objected that he was too young for the position.
我提出反对意见他太年轻不适合这个职位。
(2)n.物体，目标
His object of studying English is to know more about England and the English people.
他学习英语的目的是更多地了解英国和英国人民。
objection n．反对；不赞成
have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth.对……表示反对
raise an objection to sth.对……提出异议
My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.
我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。
4．We________to punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.
A．complain B．object
C．oppose D．resist
【解析】 考查动词辨析。句意为：我们反对因为一个人的过失而去惩罚所有的人。complain抱怨，悲叹，控诉；object反对；object to doing反对做……；oppose反对，使对立，使对抗；resist抵抗，反抗，忍得住。
【答案】 B
owe vt.
(1)欠(钱、物、债等)，后面通常跟直接宾语和间接宾语，即：owe sb.sth.或owe sth.to sb.。
Don’t forget you still owe 150 yuan to the wine shop.
别忘了，你还欠酒店150元钱呢。
(2)owe...to...把……归功于……
He owes his success to hard work and practice.
他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。
If I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher.
如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。
(3)owe亦可解释为“应当给予……”。
You owe me an apology.你得向我道歉。
