动词时态语态考点及练习题
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时态语态考点及练习
考点1 一般时态 ★★★★★
1. 一般现在时
(1)表示现在的习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与表示频度的时间状语连用,
如usually, often, always, sometimes, every day等。
(2)表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。
(3)表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为, 只限于go, come, leave, start, stop,
arrive等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 这列火车明早六点出发。
(4)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般(现在)时代替一般将来时。
2. 一般过去时
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the
other day等作时间状语。
(2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
He said he would not go if it rained.
他说过如果下雨, 他不会去的。
【典题印证】
—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and (stay)there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
3. 一般将来时
(1)一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态, 即单纯的将来事实。
(2)三类表示一般将来时的特殊结构:
①be going to do sth. 表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。
The dark clouds are gathering, so it is going to rain.
乌云密布, 眼看就要下雨了。
②be to do sth. 表示按计划或安排即将要做某事, 或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。
We are to obey these rules when we go into the library.
进入图书馆时我们要遵守这些规定。
③be about to do sth. 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用, 但常与when引导的时间状语从句连用。
The train is about to leave. 火车即将开出。
【点津】will do sth. 有时候强调“临时的、当即的决定”, 意为“要去做某事”。
―Where is the telephone book? 电话簿呢?
―I'll go and get it for you. 我去给你拿。
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)A boy on a bike ______ (catch)my attention. He was riding
beside the bus and waving his arms.
2. (2014·重庆高考)You'd better write down her phone number before you ______
(forget)it.
3. (2013·广东高考)Suddenly, he ______ (find)that he had run out of salt.
4. (2013·山东高考)I didn't think I'd like the movie, but actually it ____
(be)pretty good.
Do you think Mom and Dad ______(be)late? —)5. (2013·北京高考．
—No, Swiss Air is usually on time.
6. (2013·湖南高考)Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her
dream. It somewhat _______ (bother)us.
7. (2013·江苏高考)—What about your self-drive trip yesterday?
—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ____ (have)a rough ride.
8. (2012·湖南高考)Don't worry. The hard work that you do now
_____________(repay)later in life.
考点2 进行时态 ★★★★★
1. 现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作、存在的状态或者表示现阶段正在进行的动作、存在的状态(说话时动作不一定进行或存在)。
(2)一些特定的表示动作趋向性的短暂性动词come, go, leave, start, open, arrive,
begin, return等常用现在进行时表将来。
He is returning from Beijing next week. 他下周要从北京回来。
(3)现在(或者过去)进行时态与always, constantly, often, forever, continually等副词连用表示说话者的“赞叹、厌烦、不满”等感情色彩。
The girl is always talking aloud in public.
这个女孩总是在公众面前大声喧哗。
2. 过去进行时
(1)过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或者存在的状态。
She was writing a book about China last year, but I don't know whether she has
finished it. 去年她一直在写一本关于中国的书, 但我不知道她是否已经写完。
(2)表示过去一个动作发生时另外一个动作正在进行。
She was watching TV when a burglar broke into her house.
当一名窃贼破门而入的时候, 她正在看电视。
(3)过去进行时可以表示按计划、安排在过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start,
arrive等表示位置转移的动词时, 也可以用过去进行时表示过去按照计划安排将要发生的动作。
Yesterday he said he was leaving for Canada.
昨天他说他要动身去加拿大。
3. 将来进行时
表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作, 或按预测将来会发生的事情。常用的时间状语有: soon,
tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, in two days, tomorrow evening等。
This time next week I'll be lying on the beach, enjoying the sunshine. 下星期这个时候我就会躺在沙滩上享受阳光了。
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2014·重庆高考)James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ___________
(come)until yesterday.
2. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)We ___________(leave)very early so we packed the night
before.
workers
the because temporarily off cut been has supply water )The (2013·天津高考3.
____________(repair)one of the main pipes.
4. (2013·湖南高考)—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday
afternoon.
—I'm so sorry. But I _________(do)my homework.
5. (2013·北京高考)Hurry up! Mark and Carol ____________(expect) us.
6. (2013·江西高考)I __________(come)to visit you later that day, but I had to phone
and cancel.
7. (2013·四川高考)Hurry up, kids! The school bus _________(wait)for us!
考点3 完成时态 ★★★★★
1. 现在完成时
(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常用的时间状语:
already, so far, never, just, before, recently等。
He hasn't heard of the news about the lost child so far.
他到目前为止还未听说有关这个失踪小孩的消息。
(2)表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态, 甚至延续到将来。常与since, for以及so
far, now, today, this week(month, year), for a long time, in the past/last few years,
these days等连用。
We have learnt 500 words these days.
(3)现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时完成的动作。
Please return the book to me when you have finished it.
你看完这本书后请还给我。
【点津】注意牢记以下固定句型: ①It is/has been+时间段+ since. . . 表示“自从……以来已经……”。
It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.
我已经从这所大学毕业十年了。
②This/It/That is the first/second/third. . . time that. . . 表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”, that从句中要用现在完成时。
This is the first time that I have been here.
