2019高考英语真题09 定语从句
- 格式:doc
- 大小:59.50 KB
- 文档页数:7
2019年江苏高考英语试题解析21.We have entered into an age_______dreams have the best chance of coming true.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that 【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。
句中先行词为an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中作时间状语,所以关系词用when。
故选C。
22.The musician along with his band members________ten performances in the last three months.A.givesB.has givenC.have givenD.give 【答案】B【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。
句意:在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。
由“in the last three months”可知,这句话的时态为现在完成时,故排除AD选项。
本句主语为the musician,为第三人称单数形式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
故选B。
23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients________they need medical assistance.A.if onlyB.as ifC.even thoughD.in case 【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句的连词。
句意:医生给了病人他的手机号码,以防病人需要医疗援助。
A.if only要是……多好;B.as if好像,仿佛;C.even though即使,尽管;D.in case以备,以防,免得。
故选D符合语境。
24.More wind power stations will________to meet the demand for clean energy.A.take upB.clear upC.hold upD.spring up【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语。
2017-2019高考英语真题分类解----定语从句一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。
句中先行词为an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中做时间状语,所以关系词用when。
故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。
句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句,先行词是the stage,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选B。
3.【2019·新课标I卷·短文改错】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【答案】One afternoon wherewhenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。
先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。
高考英语真题考点详解-定语从句定语从句在高中阶段是重点也是难点,是每年高考必考题。
本人对于定语从句的复习做如下建议,考生要掌握:1 定语从句的构成;2 关系代词和关系副词的用法;3关系代词或关系副词与先行词的搭配原则;4 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句的结构;5 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别与用法;真题归纳:关系代词4.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
分析句子结构可知,先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中缺opened 一词的宾语,故用which。
5.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】who/that【解析】句意:它们被他们的主人训练地很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。
先行词为masters(主人),且从句缺主语。
故关系词填who/that。
6.【2019·新课标III卷·短文改错】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment that/which is created for them.【解析】environment 之后是定语从句,同时也是被定语从句所修饰的先行词environment,指物。
2019年高考英语语法专题练习(真题填空+模拟题填空+语篇填空)定语从句I.单句填空(高考题)1.Many young people,most of ________were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 2.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,________ the weather may be better.3.One day,mentally exhausted,I wrote down all the reasons ________ this problem could not be solved. 4.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears,none of ________ has been proved. 5.I made friends with the natives,and their reaction amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks ________ they had refused to sell to tourists.6.(2016·四川高考)One important biological factor________helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.7.I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.8.(2016·北京高考)So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo,________ they are treated with calcium EDTA,a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days.9.(2016·全国Ⅰ)A nurse ________ understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.10.(2016·全国Ⅰ)I had one trip last year________I was caught by a hurricane in America.3.why[句意:一天,精疲力竭,我写下这个问题不能解决的所有原因。
第09练定语从句之关系代词定语从句的先行词和关系词在复合句中作定语,修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句由关系词引导。
限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,若省略,主句的内容就不完整或失去意义;它和主句的关系十分密切,不可用逗号分开。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词指代先行词,在从句中作一定的句子成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有which,that,who,whom,whose,as等。
先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分,从构成上而言,它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等;从句子成分上而言,它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。
下面,我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布:1.关系代词that即指人又指物;作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)只用于限制性定语从句中,介词后面不能跟that。
当代替物时,可以与which通用。
Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her.昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。
I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。
2.关系代词which指物;作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)在非限定性定语从句中,只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定语从句中,可用在介词之后。
My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old我的父母住在一座具有100多年历史的房子里who,whom指人;作主语或宾语(whom常可省略)先行词必须为人。
Who可代替在从句中担任宾语的whom,若前有介词,须用whomA couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV.“A couch potato”指那种成天沉湎于电视中的人。
专题九定语从句教师备用1.Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, made her feel like a star.答案which 第二个逗号后是非限制性定语从句,先行词是空前的一句话的内容,故填which。
2.So I decided to leave home for New York, I might have a better chance to find a good job.答案where 地点名词New York为先行词,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故where符合题意。
单句改错3.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of that the sailing time was 226 days.答案that→which nine months为先行词,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,而关系代词that不可位于介词之后,故that改为which。
4.Patience,without whom you can t do the work well,is a kind of quality.答案whom→which Patience为先行词,关系词在从句中作介词宾语,故whom改为which。
5.The film brought the hours back to me who I was taken good care of in that far away village. 答案who→when hours为先行词,关系词在从句作时间状语,故用关系副词when作为引导词。
三年(2017-2019)年高考真题分项汇编专题09 定语从句一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。
句中先行词为an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中做时间状语,所以关系词用when。
故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。
句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句,先行词是the stage,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选B。
3.【2019·新课标I卷·短文改错】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【答案】One afternoon wherewhenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。
先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。
故将where改为when。
4.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
分析句子结构可知,先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中作opened 一词的宾语,故用which。
5.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:它们被他们的主人训练地很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。
先行词为masters(主人),且从句缺主语。
故关系词填who。
6.【2019·新课标III卷·短文改错】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environmentwhatthat/whichis created for them.【解析】本句考查定语从句。
先行词environment 在从句中做主语,指物,关系代词用that/which。
故把what改为that/which。
7.【2019·浙江卷·语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. 【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。
这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是cloth,指物,从句中缺少主语,因此,可以用that或which引导。
故填that/which。
8.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。
句意:学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。
这里表达去哪所大学,表示地点,作状语。
故用where。
9.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。
___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句,修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,故填who或that。
二、2018年高考真题1.【2018·北京】5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
句意:她和家人骑自行车去上班,这有助于她们保持健康。
“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰整个主句,引导词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关系代词which 引导。
A选项正确。
点睛:非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分,也可以修饰整个主句。
其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致,即:第一、找准先行词;第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。
需要注意的是,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2.【2018·天津】2. Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. her【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句关系词。
句意:凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。
我们在大学的时候,我和她的姐姐共住一室。
分析句子,句中先行词为Kate,在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语,故用关系代词whose。
故选C。
点睛:本题考查定语从句。
定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一,分析定语从句需抓住两点:1.找准先行词;2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。
抓住这两点,再根据句意,从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
3.【2018·江苏】23. Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。
句中先行词为area,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where,相当于in which。
故选B。
点睛:本题考查定语从句。
定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一,分析定语从句需抓住两点:1.找准先行词。
2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。
抓住这两点,再根据句意,从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
4.【2018·新课标I卷·语法填空】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).【答案】that或which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。
此处a study是先行词,其在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
4.【2018·新课标I卷·短文改错】They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.【答案】which改成in which或where【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。
他们还有一个小池塘,里面养着鱼。
此处a small pond是先行词,其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故用in which或where。
5.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when thegovernment _started_ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案】that或which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。
根据空后的谓语动词gives可知,该空缺少主语,指代program并且引导后面的句子。
指物用that/which,故填that或者which。
6.【2018·新课标II卷·语法填空】Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.【答案】that或who【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。