2020版 英语 高考冲刺总复习--写作层级训练--第二节 概要写作(人教新)高考版
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第二讲 概要写作
原题呈现
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(浙江高考样题)Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a
good thing.However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a
means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off
dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular
danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538, the French king had
closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the King of England in
1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived
with dirt in a friendly way.Henry IV, King of France, was famously
dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the King ordered
that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long－lived, dirt has
no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18
century.Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean
water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing
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disease.Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond
science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea:
Clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to
shine.Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first－time
parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which
might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary
Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to
play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter (后者)
position is gaining some ground.
写作流程
►第一步 审题
1．审体裁：议论文
2．审人称：第三人称
3．审时态：一般现在时和一般过去时为主
4．审要点：
第一段：“However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.”是本篇
文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点。
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第二段：主要谈论的是在16世纪，人们认为“dirt on the skin was a means to
block out disease”，dirt有助于预防疾病。
第三段：用“Though”引出人们对dirt观点的转变“...since the 18th
century.Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.”
最后一段：“On the contrary”引出专家的观点，免疫学家认为dirt有助于增
强免疫系统。这一观点得到了一些支持。
►第二步 草拟要点并连接
写完要点之后，下一步的工作就是要把这些要点用适当的连接词进行连接，使上
下句之间具有连贯性。本文整篇结构是总分结构，要点2和要点3在观点上截
然相反，要点3和要点4在观点上又存在不同，因此，两者之间需要表示转折
的连接词。
►第三步 检查誊写
【参考范文】
People have mixed opinions about dirt on our skin.(要点1) For a long
time in history, people living in some European countries like France
believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.(要点2) However,
people began to change their attitudes towards dirt about 200 years
ago.People have been informed that washing dirt off our body can keep
us healthy.(要点3) Yet, some scientists believe that being exposed to
