赛卷8-男鞋(A卷)

成都市嘉祥外国语学校2019学年八年级上册Unit 8-Unit 9测试卷A卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力测试（共30分）略第二部分笔试部分（共70分）六、选择填空。

（本题共20分，A部分共10小题，计10分。

B部分共5小题，计10分）A. 从以下各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。

（共10小题，计10分）( )31. --Where can I buy ________ cake you bought yesterday? It’s delicious.--In _______ cake store next to the shopping mall.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; a( )32. --Mum, must I stay there the whole day?--No, you _______. You _______ come back after lunch if you like.A. mustn’t; canB. needn’t; mustC. needn’t; can( )33. Thank you for _______ so many invitations. I really appreciate them, but I have no time to _______ one by one.A. helping out; answerB. helping out with; replyC. helping out with; accept ( )34. Tom, would you like to come to my party? If _______, please reply _______ writing to this invitation.A. sure; inB. so; byC. so; in( )35. --Can you go to the concert with me?--_______. It must be enjoyable and peaceful!A. I’m afraid not.B. Sorry, I can’t.C. With pleasure.( )36. Wash some lettuce for me, and then _______, please.A. cut it upB. cut them upC. cut up it( )37. Don’t fo rget _______ the egg soup _______ some chopped green onion(葱花).A. covering; withB. covering; onC. to cover; with( )38. The watermelon is good. I want to eat ______slices.A. another threeB. some anotherC. more three( )39. People usually eat _______sweet dumplings on the _______ day——Lantern Festival.A. traditional; specialB. special; traditionalC. special; special ( )40. Our teacher Mrs. Li sees us _______ her _______children.A. as; personalB. as; ownC. to; ownB. 补全对话。

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷专用）黄金卷04（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Which part of the speech should the boy improve?A．The vocabulary. B．The pronunciation. C．The logic.2．What does the man mean?A．The shopkeeper can help.B．He is not interested in art.C．He knows the area very well.3．How does the woman sound?A．Annoyed. B．Concerned. C．Confused.4．Where are the speakers?A．In a hospital. B．In a grocery store. C．In a restaurant.5．Why doesn’t the woman wear the pink sk irt?A．It’s a little small.B．It has a bright color.C．It’s too casual for a formal occasion.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2020春（部编版）四年级下册语文第六单元检测（A卷）班级姓名学号分数（时间：60分钟满分：100分）一、书写1．读拼音，写词语。

bùqiāng lín zǒu gēbo shīshǒufáng bèi dírén huāng máng qiān bǐ二、填空题2．比一比，再组词。

摇（______）塞（______）娃（______）糖（______）遥（______）赛（______）洼（______）塘（______）3．给下面句子中的加点词语换一个词语使句意不变。

1．他吃饭很爽气．．。

（_____）2．耍起来，眼神都恍惚．．了，十分入迷。

（_____）3．他攥着钱，走近了柜台，忽然又胆怯．．起来。

（_____）4．外婆几乎动摇．．了，想把他留下。

（_____）4．根据课文内容填空。

（1）芦花鞋的制作工序是：先将______，然后将______，再________。

（2）青铜和妹妹葵花采芦花时只采_______，不采________。

（3）当第一双男鞋和第一双女鞋分别编织出来后，全家人都很______，把那两双鞋传来传去的______，这两双鞋，既像四只_____，又像两对_____。

（4）青铜一家一共编织了___双芦花鞋。

总共卖了_____天就卖完了。

（5）从青铜在大雪天坚持卖芦花鞋可以看出他的_____，从他没有涨价就把鞋卖给城里人可以看出他的朴实，从他追买鞋的那个人可以看出他的_____。

5．按课文内容填空。

1．本文选自_______的《_________》。

他的代表作有《草房子》《红瓦》《细米》等。

2．“到了镇上一看，街上几乎没有人，只有大雪不住地抛落在空寂的街面上。

不一会儿，挂在绳子上的十双芦花鞋就落满了雪。

”本语段中，“几乎”说明了____________，“抛落”说明了__________。

3．他________下腰，________起了那双芦花鞋，_________到眼前__________着。

[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷851.doc[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷851SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.0 ForgettingI. Early researchesHermann Ebbinghaus: a forgetting______【T1】______Other researchers:______fades more slowly【T2】______II. Measuring forgetting and______in three ways:【T3】______A. ______: remembering without external cues【T4】______e.g.______questions【T5】______B. recognition: identifying______using external cues【T6】______e.g. true-or-false questions/multiple-choice questionsC______【T7】______e.g. measuring the time saved for second time learning of the same listIII. for forgetting【T8】______A. ineffective encoding — processing information______【T9】______Thinking about the meaning of the concepts results in better memory than just reading them.B. ______—causing loss of information from sensory and【T10】______short-term memoryC. interference — causing loss of______【T11】______a. retroactive interferencemaking it easier to forget______【T12】______b. ______interference【T13】______D. retrieval failure — using wrong______【T14】______E. motivated forgetting or psychogenic amnesiarepression: hiding______thoughts and feelings【T15】______ in the unconsciousF. physical injury or trauma1 【T1】2 【T2】3 【T3】4 【T4】5 【T5】6 【T6】7 【T7】8 【T8】9 【T9】10 【T10】11 【T11】12 【T12】13 【T13】14 【T14】15 【T15】SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and thequestions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A] , [B] , [C] and [D] , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （A）A nutritionist.（B）A vegetarian.（C）A cook.（D）A vegan.（A）Nuts.（B）Milk.（C）Protein.（D）Seitan.（A）What one can get from a vegan life.（B）What one should give up in a vegan life.（C）What one should balance in a vegan life.（D）How to cook a vegan dinner.（A）Because it lowers the rate of breast cancer.（B）Because it's healthier.（C）Because it's readily available.（D）Because it's inexpensive.（A）Being a fake veganist.（B）Enjoying a cold dish of turkey meat from time to time.（C）Changing into a veganist overnight.（D）Holding a quick ceremony before becoming a veganist. （A）Fruits.（B）Grains.（C）Chicks.（D）All of the above.（A）It is the name of a type of protein.（B）It is the name of the guest's favorite grocer.（C）It is the name of a vegetable.（D）It is the name of a meat alternative.（A）Ugh!（B）Whew!（C）Yum-yum!（D）Alas!（A）Not telling them.（B）Making the food delicious.（C）Making veggie dogs which look and taste just like hotdogs. （D）Reasoning with them.（A）Meat alternatives are not easily available in the grocer's.（B）Milk can be replaced by coconut milk in creating equally smooth and creamy taste. （C）It is difficult to make pasta without eggs.（D）Veganists lose weight faster than non-veganists.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.25 A caffeinated bee is a busier bee. It'll work harder to find food, and to communicate the location of said food to other bees. It will, however, misjudge the quality of the food it finds, and so make its colony less productive. The irony of writing about this as I sip an unwisely strong espresso at 10 pm is not lost on me.The caffeine in coffee might give me a mental kick, but many plants rely on its bitter taste to deter plant-eating animals. Others, however, seem to bait themselves with caffeine, doping their nectar with low concentrations of the stuff. Why add a bitterdeterrent to a liquid that's meant to entice and attract pollinators?Geraldine Wright from Newcastle University found one possible answer in 2013, when she showed that caffeine can improve a honeybee's memory. Wright fed the insects with caffeine at concentrations that would affect their bodies, but that wouldn't register as a bitter taste. She found that these bees were three times more likely to remember a floral scent. So, by providing caffeine, plants ensure that their pollinators are more likely to learn the link between their distinctive scents and the tasty nectar they provide.What about the bees? Do they benefit from being drugged like this? One might think so, because they can more efficiently find the food they need. But Margaret Couvillon from the University of Sussex thinks otherwise.She trained honeybees to forage from two feeders full of sugar water, one of which had been laced with a small amount of caffeine. She found that the caffeinated bees made more visits to the feeders. Once back in the hive, they were more likely to perform the distinctive waggle dance that tells other bees where to find food, and they performed the dance more frequently. And this means that a hive which exploits a caffeinated flower will send out about four times as many workers to that flower.That wouldn't be bad if this newly energised armada of workers was behaving more efficiently. But they're not. Couvillon's team showed that they're more likely to persist with a caffeinated food source, even when that source no longer becomes useful. Theyalso become faithful to their chosen feeder and become less likely to stray to a different host plant.So, there's the rub. Even though caffeine improves beememory, it also causes them to overvalue caffeinated plants over decaffeinated ones that offer the same amount of energy. As the team writes, "The effects of caffeine in nectar are akin to drugging, where the pollinator's perception of the forage quality is altered, which in turn changes its individual behaviours."By simulating these effects, Couvillon showed that if 40 percent of plants in the environment produce small amounts of caffeine — a realistic proportion — bee colonies would produce around 15 percent less honey every day.They still need to test this prediction in real-world experiments. But if the results check out, it suggests that plants use caffeine not only as a deterrent against undesirable animals, but also as a way of manipulating desirable ones.26 "Mental kick" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.（A）mental damage（B）mental block（C）refreshed mind（D）healthy mind27 Which of the following statements is correct?（A）Some plants use caffeine as a deterrent.（B）Many plants rely on caffeine to scare pollinators away.（C）A caffeinated bee poses a great threat to plants.（D）A caffeinated bee is more likely to estrange itself from other bees.28 A suitable title for the passage would be______.（A）Caffeine, Bees and Plants（B）Links between Caffeine and Plants（C）Why Is Caffeine Important to Bees（D）Caffeine Makes for Busy Bees, Not Productive Ones28 Some people have a more complicated sensory life than others. Most taste tuna only when they eat it. A few, though, taste it when they hear a particular word, such as "castanet". Others link the color red with the letter " S" or make some other inappropriate connection between stimulus and response. Such people are known as synaesthetes, and the phenomenon of synaesthesia has puzzled brain scientists since it Was recognized over a century ago.Most researchers in the field suspect synaesthesia is caused by crossed wires in synaesthetes' brains, but until recently they have had no way to check this hypothesis. However, the development of a technique called diffusion-tensor imaging has changed that. And researchers at the University of Amsterdam have just applied it to the brains of 18 women(the sex more likely to experience synaesthesia)who have the most common form of the condition. This is called grapheme-color synaesthesia. It is a tendency to see letters and numbers in color.Diffusion-tensor imaging measures the direction of movement of water molecules. Since the filaments that connect distant nerve cells are surrounded by fatty sheaths which restrict the movement of water, such molecules tend to move along a filament rather than out of it. The upshot is that the technique can detect bundles of such filaments running from one part of the brain to another.The grapheme-color synaesthesia was chosen to study for two reasons. One was that it is common. The other was because there is a specific hypothesis as to its cause. Earlier brain-scanning studies have shown that the part of the brain which identifies word shape is in an area called the fusiform gyrus. This is next to an area known as V4, which identifies color. Both lightup simultaneously in traditional scanners when someone is experiencing grapheme-color synaesthesia, so an inappropriate link between them is an obvious thing to look for.Diffusion-tensor imaging did, indeed, show strong connections between these two areas in the brains of the synaesthetes when they slid into the scanner and viewed color-evoking letters and numbers. Other unusual connections showed up too, suggesting the phenomenon is more complex than had been appreciated. By contrast, the brains of 18 non-synaesthetes matched with the volunteers by age and sex showed no such strong connections.And the revelations went further. Certain types of grapheme-color synaesthetes have more connectivity than others. As part of the study, researchers asked volunteers to fillout questionnaires about how they experience their color sensations. Some reported seeing color projected on to whatever word or number they were shown. Members of this group are known as "projectors". Others, known as "associators" , reported color only in their mind's eye. Although both groups of synaesthetes had much more connectivity than non-synaesthetes, projectors had noticeably more again than associators.Researchers are not yet sure what form the stronger connections take. They could be the result of more filaments than normal connecting the areas in question. Or the filaments might be broader than normal. Or the fatty coatings of the filaments might be thicker, which would amplify the signal passing along them as well as keeping water molecules on the straight-and-narrow.How synaesthesia starts is also unclear. There is evidence ofa genetic component but learning must be involved as well. People are not born with the concept of the letter " A". And they certainly are not born with a bright-red, cherry-colored "A" —however much it feels, as synaesthetes insist, as though they were.29 We can infer from the first paragraph that______.（A）the word "castanet" has something to do with tuna（B）the letter "S" can stimulate people to think of the color red（C）the phenomenon of synaesthesia was under study over a century ago（D）synaesthesia involves the stimulation that evokes the sensation of another30 "... the development of a technique called diffusion-tensor imaging has changed that" suggests that______.（A）technological development has figured out the cause for synaesthesia（B）technological development has proved the hypothesis that synaesthesia is caused by crossed wires in brains （C）technological development has rejected the hypothesis that synaesthesia is caused by crossed wires in brains （D）technological development has made hypothesis checking possible31 What does the following sentence mean? "And they certainly are not born with a bright-red, cherry-colored 'A' —however much it feels, as synaesthetes insist, as though they were."(Para. 8)（A）Exquisite as the sensation is, there is no connection between colors and the letter "A".（B）Strong as the sensation is, the connection is not aninnate sense.（C）The letter "A" can initiate the color sensations that synaestheltes claim to be existing all along.（D）Synaestheltes insist there are intrinsic connections between the letter "A" and the cherry color.32 The example at the end of the passage seems to suggest______.（A）synaesthesia is partly subject to genetic influence（B）people don't have the concept of the letter "A" when they are born（C）people's concomitant sensation is usually swayed by learning（D）the connection between the color red and the letter "A" is strong32 Cuckolds are men whose wives gave birth to infants that were blatantly not their own. The well known trickery of the cuckoo, the bird from which "cuckold" is derived, is as a nest parasite — laying eggs for other birds to hatch and raise. New research suggests the cuckoo has another trick it uses to ruffle its victims' feathers.Common cuckoos usually lay a single egg in the nest of a host bird. The eggs often look remarkably similar to the host's. Upon hatching, the cuckoo chick eliminates any of its potential rival chicks by pushing them or their eggs out of the nest. However, there is more to this elaborate deceit than is generally realized.As far back as ancient times a similarity has been noted between many cuckoo species and hawks, in size, shape and plumage. More recently researchers have discovered that hawk-like markings are more prevalent in cuckoo species that engagein nest parasitism than in cuckoo species that do not. Researchers wondered whether this similarity was noticed by birds too.They set up peanut feeding stations and over two years found that great and blue tits, both of which are not parasitised by cuckoos, were the main visitors. They then experimented by placing a mounted specimen of a sparrowhawk, cuckoo, dove, or duck, at the feeders for five minutes. The team reported that the tits were as scared of cuckoos as they were of sparrowhawks, raising alarm calls and staying away from feeders at all costs. With the duck and dove they detected no such behavior.When researchers covered the hawk-like markings on the cuckoo the tits treated it as if it were a duck or dove. Covering the same markings on the sparrowhawk had no such effect, but adding them to the dove caused the tits to treat the dove as they would a sparrowhawk or a cuckoo.The authors argue that actual cuckoo hosts, such as meadow pipits, dunnocks and reed warblers, may have directed the evolution of the cuckoo's resemblance to hawks by attacking cuckoos that approached their nests. If a cuckoo with slightly hawk-like plumage caused hosts to delay or avoid an attack in the past, this would have favored the evolution,of hawk mimicry.It is an arms race —-and a matter of adapting and counter-adapting. The better the cuckoo disguises its eggs and itself, the more host birds improve their ability to spot the impostor. Although such an evolutionary dynamic may seem like something that exists only in the wild, it is possible for it to happen in human society as well — between cuckolds and their cheating partners, constantly driving men to be better at detecting adultery and women to be better at getting away with it.33 According to the passage, why is "cuckold" derived from "cuckoo"?（A）Because they both mimic the distinctive appearance of others.（B）Because the cuckoo's stealth is as analogous to a cuckold's deceit.（C）Because both cuckolds and cuckoos have others raise their descendants.（D）Because the cuckoo's invasion of other birds' nests is analogous to the stealing of a wife's affections by another man.34 Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?（A）Cuckoos usually lay eggs of similar shape and color to the host's in other birds' nest.（B）Cuckoo chicks can get rid of the host birds' chicks.（C）Cuckoo chicks can get rid of the host birds' eggs before they hatch.（D）Cuckoo chicks mimic the appearance of the host birds' chicks.35 Which of the following experiments has NOT been done by researchers?（A）They placed a sparrowhawk, cuckoo, dove, or duck around the tits and observed the tits' reaction.（B）They set up feeding stations and observed why tits are not parasitized by cuckoos. （C）They covered hawk-like markings on the cuckoo and observed the tits' reaction. （D）They added hawk-like markings on the dove and observed the tits' reaction.36 According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct?（A）Dunnocks and reed warblers attacked cuckoos, so that their nests have escaped the doomed fate of being parasitised.（B）Cockoos have a gift for hawk mimicry. Accordingly, they are not attacked by hosts.（C）Both meadow pipits and reed warblers have contributed to the evolution of hawk mimicry.（D）The hawk-like plumage is favored by actual cuckoo hosts.36 I first met him in a small lumbertown. I was sitting in front of the hotel watching people pass by. It was a warm day. Now and then, a group of laughing rivermen marched by.One group especially caught my eye. They wore bright red shirts and heavy boots. Suddenly, one of them came up to me. "Say, Mister," he said. "You look mighty interested. Are we your long lost friends?"His voice was friendly enough but he seemed ready for any answer ... trouble, if I wanted it, or help if I needed it."Can you tell me where all these people are going?"He pushed his little cap further back on his head. "Birling match!" he said. "Come on!"I joined him and we followed the crowd to the river. There, we saw six men running toward the river with their peaveys. They used the round metal hooks on the end of the peaveys to push a heavy log into the water. Then one of the men took a long leap and landed on the end of the log. The force of his jump pushed the log out into the middle of the river. The man, arms folded over his chest, stood straight up like a statue of bronze.The crowd roared approval. The man's name was Darrell. He was a small man, but he had wide shoulders and long arms. He walked to the center of the long heavy log and turned to face thecrowd. Then, slowly, he began to walk, not forward or backward, but in the same place ... in the center of the log. The log began to turn under his feet. It rolled around and around. His folded arms, his straight back, did not move, only his legs and feet, soon the log was spinning. Suddenly the man jumped up in the air and came down on the log with both feet. The log stopped turning and rested under him like a great quaking animal.The man on the log then dropped his arms and stood still for a moment. And he jumped into the air again. But this time he turned completely over in the air, then landed on the log with both feet. The crowd roared again. Someone pushed a long pole out toward the log. The log, with Darrell on top, was pulled toward shore. Another man then ran to the river and jumped on the log with Darrell.They stood facing each other. Then, together, they began to walk, slowly at first, then faster. The log began to turn around under them, spinning faster and faster. Soon, it became clear that the other man could not keep up with Darrell. The man was being forced off the top of the log. Suddenly, the man fell backward into the water."Clean birled?" my friend said. Twelve other men — one after the other — tried to get Darrell to fall into the water. But none of them could move their feet as fast as he could. The crowd now shouted for someone to stop Darrell. It wanted the best and began to shout: "We want Powers!" Jimmy Powers was my friend. He got up, ran to the river and jumped onto the log with Darrell.At first, the two men just stood looking at each other waiting for the first move. Suddenly, Darrell birled the log three times quickly, then jumped up and down to stop it. Powers felt the log shake under him but kept his balance. The battle started.Sometimes, the log rolled left to right, then right to left. They moved their feet together faster and faster. At every move, the crowd shouted for Powers to throw Darrell into the water. Suddenly, there was a big splash. There was Powers swimming toward shore.I walked over to him. "How did he do it?" I asked. He turned to me and I saw the anger in his wet face. "Oh, it's you? Well, that's how he did it," and he showed me a row of holes in his boot. Blood was running from the holes. " He jumped on my foot with his boots and pushed the metal spikes right through." "Why didn't you say something?" I asked."Look, Mister," he said, "I am big enough to take care of myself. Don't lose any hair over this. I'll stop Darrell next time."The following year I visited the old lumbertown again. But this time the town was empty. "Everybody has gone to see the log jam." The jam was up the hill above town. When I got there everybody was down at the river. There, in the middle of the water, was a mountain of logs. Thousands of them, one on top of the other, blocking the river. About fifty tnen were using peaveys to free the logs. Sometimes, one would break loose and ten others followed. All floated down the river away from the jam. At noon, the men came to shore for lunch. "Hello, Powers," I said. "Do you remember me?""Sure," he said. "Aren't you a little early this year?" "No," I said, "this is better than a birling match. It will be a great sight when the logs break loose.""You bet it will," he said. We talked of many things and finally I said, "Darrell is your boss this year, huh? Did you ever get a chance to birl him off a log?""Mister," he said, "those little marks are still on my foot. Justyou remember this: Dicky Darrell will get his from me!"About three o'clock that afternoon the log jam began to break up. There was no warning — just a loud cracking sound that got louder and louder as the rows of logs began to hit each other. At first, a few hundred broke loose and fell into the swift water. Others quickly followed.The rivermen separated. They raced away in all directions, leaping and hopping from log to log to get to shore. One man fell into the water and started to swim to shore. It was Darrell. He was caught in the river, a thousand logs rushing toward him. Suddenly another riverman raced across the floating logs, seized Darrell by the coat collar and started to climb up the mountain of logs, pulling Darrell with him. It was an exciting rescue. The logs were falling and rolling down toward them, but they finally got to the top of the pile. Without stopping for thanks or shaking hands, the two men immediately went to work. They pushed and pulled the logs on top to keep the others moving. Forty other men attached the logs. Then with a mighty roar the mountain broke free. The falling logs leaped forward like animals down into the swift water. The log jam was broken.One by one, the town people left. The sun moved down behind the trees and a cool evening breeze came up the river. Jimmy Powers walked toward me. "You know," he said, "the owner of the largest lumber mill saw me work today and offered me a job as a boss. Imagine that ... me, a boss."There was a strange look on his face. "Well," I said, "you earned it. I'm not going to call you a hero because you wouldn't like that. But what you did this afternoon showed courage. It was a brave act. But it was better because you saved your enemy ... you are a leader of men." I stopped. Jimmy kept looking at me." Mister," he said, " if you are going to hang stars on my Christmas tree, just stop right now. I didn't rescue Darrell because I had any Christian feeling for him. I was just saving him for the birling match next Fourth of July."37 Who invited the author to watch the birling match?（A）A riverman in a small lumbertown.（B）Jimmy Powers.（C）Darrell.（D）The boss of the lumber mill.38 When was the birling match held?（A）On Independence Day.（B）On the Easter holidays.（C）At Christmas.（D）On New Year's Day.39 What's Powers' attitude towards his defeat?（A）He was very disappointed.（B）He blew the competition off.（C）He was very angry.（D）He was at a loss.SECTION B SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short-answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided.40 PASSAGE ONE40 What mainly determines the manner in which the constituents are put together?41 PASSAGE TWO41 What does the word "basket case" in the eighth paragraph mean?41 PASSAGE THREE42 According to the passage, what helps motivate us to pursue our goals?43 According to the passage, who are more likely to take good care of themselves when suffering from heart disease?44 What's the author's attitude towards "optimism"?44 PASSAGE FOUR45 What caused a global decline of shark populations?46 According to the passage, why did Palau proclaim a shark sanctuary?47 What is the message the writer attempts to convey throughout the passage?一、PART III LANGUAGE USAGE47 Variation according to the gender of the speaker hasbeen the subject of a lot of recent research. In somecultures, there are much more markable differences【S1】______between male and female speech. Quite differentpronunciations of certain words in male and femalespeech have been document in some North American【S2】______Indian languages such as Gros Ventre and Koasati.Nevertheless, when Europeans first encountered the【S3】______different vocabulary of male and female speech among【S4】______the Carib Indians, they reported that the different sexesused different languages. What have, in fact, been found【S5】______was an extreme version of variation according to thegender of the speaker.In contemporary English, there are many reporteddifferences in the talk of males and females. In samegenders pairs having conversations , women generally【S6】______discuss their personal feelings rather than men. Men【S7】______appear to prefer non-personal topics such as sport andnews. Men tend to answer to an expression of feelings or 【S8】______problems by giving advice on solutions, while womenare more likely to mention personal experiences thatmatch or connect with the other woman. There is a【S9】______pattern documented in American English social contextsof women co-operating and seeking advice via language,【S10】______whereas men are more competitive and concerned withpower via language.48 【S1】49 【S2】50 【S3】51 【S4】52 【S5】53 【S6】54 【S7】55 【S8】56 【S9】57 【S10】二、PART IV TRANSLATION58 在右边，傍山建筑的几处平房里射出来几点灯光，它们给我扫。