2018-03 5 1(10)TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND TOLERANCES FOR THIN-WALLED PRODUCT DESIGN Designation of hole functions, general tolerancesand standard hole sizes in sheet-metal body panelsOrientationThis standard is a merger of the standards VCS 5023,8 and VCS 5023,91, which have both beenmarked as for “Not for new design”.This standard differs from VCS 5023,8 regarding hole types, mainly in the following:−Clarifications and changes have been made to the definitions of hole types.−Tolerances have been changed for process holes.− A note has been added to explain the E sign in the tolerance for location holes and process location holes.Compared with VCS 5023,91, the following changes have been made:−Many new hole sizes have been added and a few have been removed.−D-shaped holes, hexagonal holes, trapezoidal holes and monolobal holes have been added.−Square holes shall be regarded as a subset of rectangular holes and are shown with these.−The holes are now sorted per contour and not per function.This issue differs from issue 4 in that:−Hole size 5,2 x 28 has been added.Contents1 Scope and field of application2 General tolerances2.1 Holes3 Indication of hole type3.1 Other general tolerances4 Hole sizes4.1 Round holes4.2 Slotted holes4.3 Square and rectangular holes4.4 Other standardized hole contours5 Reference to this standard2018-03 5 2(10)1 S cope and field of applicationThis mandatory standard describes the rules that apply for naming of holes in design-engineering documentation. It establishes the names of holes as well as their function and how this shall be indicated. The names of the holes apply irrespective of geometric form. It also defines which hole sizes shall be used in sheet-metal body panels. If another hole dimension than those defined in this standard is needed, then this shall be agreed with the stamping process engineer and the decision shall be loggedin the Engineering Journal. The standard will thereafter be updated if the new hole size is likely to beused again.The standard also defines general tolerances for the size and location of holes, as well as general tolerances for, e.g. surfaces, trim edges and joggles.2 G eneral tolerances2.1 HolesThe tolerances for hole size and hole location given in this section apply unless otherwise stated on the drawing/DSM.1) Envelope requirement, any form deviation must be contained within the tolerance (EN-ISO 14405-1).* Only applies to single parts.2018-03 5 3(10)Definitions – types of holesLocating hole (master location hole)a hole for positioning of the part in relation to the vehicle’s main coordinate system.Process holea hole for positioning of the part in a process step where the master location hole cannot be used. The same dimensional tolerances as for master location holes apply. Process holes are mostly used in the assembly process and serve no function in the finished product part.Tooling holea hole that is needed in a specific process, but serves no function in any later process.These holes do not need to be measured before any later process than the one they are intended for and serve no function in the finished product part.Fixing holea hole that is part of an attachment. This includes holes for weld nuts, weld screws and rubber plugs. Also includes guide holes needed for locating of components to be attached when H13 tolerance is sufficient.Clearance holea hole with the function of providing free space for other features.Handling holea hole that is needed for processing, but which does not need as narrow a tolerance as a process hole or a tooling hole. No function in the finished product/part. Draining holea hole with the function of providing drainage.Weight-reduction holea hole with the function of reducing the weight of the product part.3 Indication of hole typeThe name of the hole shall be written next to the dimensional indication, see below.Fixing hole / Sound absorber Process hole / VCBC Fixing hole / Body plugWhen suitable, the indication can also be supplemented with additional text that provides more information about what the hole is used for. See examples above.2018-03 5 4(10) If a hole has more than one function, all of the functions shall be indicated and the function with the highest tolerance requirement shall be noted first, e.g.a draining hole. A hole that will have a body plug mounted in it shall be shown in the product model primarily as a fixing hole.3.1 Other general tolerancesTolerances in accordance with this section apply unless otherwise stated on drawing/DSM.Only applies to single parts.2018-03 5 5(10)4 Hole sizes4.1 Round holesApproved date Issue: Page: 2017-10 4 6(10)4.2 Slotted holes2018-03 5 7(10)1) Only H16 x H16 holes2018-03 5 8(10)4.3 Square and rectangular holesSquare and rectangular holes shall only be used when round or slotted holes are not sufficient. Note : The minimum allowable radius depends on sheet quality and sheet thickness, e.g. R1 shall only be used for mild steel.2018-03 5 9(10)4.4 Other standardized hole contours4.4.1 Fixing holes with hexagonal contours4.4.2 Fixing holes with D-shaped contours4.4.3 Fixing holes with trapezoidal contours2018-03 5 10(10)4.4.4 Fixing holes with T-shaped contours4.4.5 Fixing holes with monolobal contours4.4.6 Holes for separation tabs5 R eference to this standardReference to this standard shall be given with the following note:DESIGNATION OF HOLE FUNCTIONS AND GENERAL TOLERANCES VCS 5023,7。
Q/LFQ 力帆实业（集团）股份有限公司企业标准Q/LFQ J0095—2013 车身钣金加工公差要求（试行）2013-02-23发布2012-03-01实施力帆实业（集团）股份有限公司发布目次前言II1范围I2规范性引用文件I3定义I4测量位置15等级16允许公差及允许值27通用尺寸公差108图纸上的标示方法11前言为保证冲压、折弯或拉伸工艺制造的汽车金属零件及其焊接总成的加工精度及其经济性，规范尺寸公差，特制定本标准。
本标准按照GB/T 1.1－2009《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准的结构和编写》给出的规则起草。
本标准由力帆汽车研究院车身所提出。
本标准由力帆汽车研究院标准所归口。
本标准由力帆汽车研究院车身所起草。
本标准起草人：李昌均本标准批准人：关锋金本标准所代替标准的历次发布情况为：首次制定。
车身钣金加工公差要求1 范围本标准规定了板厚为12mm以下的金属钣金加工允许公差。
本标准不适用非金属板材。
2 规范性引用文件下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。
凡是注日期的引用文件，仅所注日期的版本适用于本文件。
凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。
GB/T13914-2002冲压件尺寸公差GB/T15055-2007冲压件未注公差尺寸极限偏差3 定义3.1 切边宽度指刀口剪断边到对边的距离，如图1，用B表示。
3.2 切边长度指刀口剪断边的距离的长度，如图1，用L表示。
图13.3 直线度指将产品放在平台上，切断面上用直尺规接触状态下，最大曲度值，如图2所示，用a1表示。
图23.4 垂直度将产品放在平面上，产品的长边于直角尺的一边对齐，短边在接触直角尺另一边的状况下，产品另一端与直角尺短边的距离，如图3，用a2表示。
图34 测量位置剪断面部分允许偏差的测量位置，如图4所示板的剪断面方式进行。
图45 等级本标准把允许公差及角度、毛边允许值分成，根据零件的重要程度，将零件分为1级和2级，1级重要，2级次之。
1.目的规范钣金结构件的检验标准，以使各过程的产品质量得以控制。
2.适用范围本标准适用于各种钣金结构件的检验，与图纸和技术文件同步使用。
当有冲突时，以技术图纸和客户要求为准。
3.引用标准本标准的尺寸未标注单位皆为mm，未注公差按以下国标IT13级执行GB/T1800.3-1998极限与配合标准公差和基本偏差数值表GB/T1800.4-1999极限与配合标准公差等级和孔、轴的极限偏差表GB/1804-2000一般公差未注公差的线性和角度尺寸公差GB/T1184–1996形位公差未注公差的形状和位置公差4.原材料及辅料检验标准4.1金属材料4.1.1材质料厚及质量应符合国标，采用的钣材材质需出示性能测试报告及厂商证明。
没注明标准要求的按现行国标执行。
4.2通用五金件、紧固件4.2.1外观：表面无绣迹、无毛刺批锋，整批来料外观一致性良好。
4.2.2尺寸：按图纸与国标要求，重要尺寸零缺陷。
4.2.3性能：试装配与使用性能符合产品要求。
4.3管件方通、圆通4.3.1材质料厚及质量应符合国标，材质需出示性能测试报告及厂商证明。
4.3.2外观：表面无绣迹、无变形、撞伤、刮痕，整批来料拉丝、色泽一致性良好。
4.3.3尺寸：按图纸或技术要求执行，没注明标准要求的按现行国标执行。
5.工序质量检验标准5.1冲裁（数冲）检验标准●对有可能造成伤害的尖角、棱边、粗糙要打磨处理去除毛刺。
●冲切过程中产生的接刀痕：必须符合安全（不划伤手）和零件尺寸公差，一般不大于板厚的10%～20%，数控冲咬出的孔、异形孔、圆角必须修整平滑。
●图纸中未明确标明之尖角（除特别注明外）均为R1.5mm。
●冲裁加工对于门板、面板等外露可见面应无明显凸起、凹陷、粗糙不平、划伤、锈蚀等缺陷。
●毛刺：冲裁后毛刺高L≤5%t（t为板厚）。
●划伤、刀痕：以用手触摸不刮手为合格，应≤0.1mm。
●冲裁尺寸符合技术图纸要求，平面度公差要求见表一。
附表一、平面度公差要求5.2折弯检验标准5.2.1毛刺：折弯后挤出毛刺高L≤10%t(t为板厚)。
以下为钣金自由公差表，一起来看看吧。
钣金工艺：钣金工艺一般来说基本设备包括剪板机（Shear Machine）、数控冲床（CNC Punching Machine）/激光、等离子、水射流切割机（Cutting Machine）、折弯机（Bending Machine）、钻床以及各种辅助设备如：开卷机、校平机、去毛刺机、点焊机等。
通常，钣金工艺最重要的四个步骤是剪、冲/切/、折/卷，焊接，表面处理等。
钣金有时也作扳金，这个词来源于英文platemetal，一般是将一些金属薄板通过手工或模具冲压使其产生塑性变形，形成所希望的形状和尺寸，并可进一步通过焊接或少量的机械加工形成更复杂的零件，比如家庭中常用的烟囱，铁皮炉，还有汽车外壳都是钣金件。
金属板材加工就叫钣金加工。
具体譬如利用板材制作烟囱、铁桶、油箱油壶、通风管道、弯头大小头、天圆地方、漏斗形等，主要工序是剪切、折弯扣边、弯曲成型、焊接、铆接等，需要一定几何知识。
钣金件就是薄板五金件，也就是可以通过冲压，弯曲，拉伸等手段来加工的零件，一个大体的定义就是-在加工过程中厚度不变的零件. 相对应的是铸造件，锻压件，机械加工零件等，比如说汽车的外面的铁壳就是钣金件，不锈钢做的一些橱具也是钣金件。
现代钣金工艺包括：是灯丝电源绕组、激光切割、重型加工、金属粘结、金属拉拔、等离子切割、精密焊接、辊轧成型、金属板材弯曲成型、模锻、水喷射切割、精密焊接等。
钣金件的表面处理也是钣金加工过程非常重要的一环，因为它有防止零件生锈，美化产品的外观等作用。
钣金件的表面前处理的作用主要是去油污，氧化皮，铁锈等，它为表面后处理作准备，而后处理主要是喷（烤）漆，喷塑以及镀防锈层等。
3D软件中，SolidWorks、UG、Pro/E、SolidEdge、TopSolid、CATIA等都有钣金件一项，主要是通过对3D图形的编辑而得到板金件加工所需的数据（如展开图，折弯线等）以及为数控冲床（CNC Punching Machine）/激光、等离子、水射流切割机（Laser,Plasma,Waterjet Cutting Machine)/复合机（Combination Machine）以及数控折弯机（CNC Bending Machine）等提供数据。
