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考研英语长难句：名词性从句-宾语从句用来作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句的结构：主语 + 谓语 + 从属连词、宾语（陈述句语序）。
宾语从句可以分为三类:动词的宾语从句【第1句】介词的宾语从句【第2句】形容词的宾语从句【第3句】宾语从句的引导词对应的句子类型从句中的成分连词that 陈述句在从句中不作成分连词whether, if 一般疑问句在从句中不作成分连接副词when, where, why，how；连接代词who, whom, what, which, whose 特殊疑问句when, where, why, how 在从句中作状语；who, whom, what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；which, whose在从句中作定语, 后面接名词连用。
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised等。
I am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.1. The supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest. (2015 Text 2)【念念有词】I) supreme a.（权力，机构，掌权人）最高的；最强大的；最重要的；很大程度的；极度的；（处罚，牺牲）涉及死的；（因某一活动）著名的（人，物）；高超的。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析集锦在托福阅读考试中，最让大家为难的是长难句了。
对长难句阅读要学会化繁为简，才有助于托福阅读的答题；下面小编给大家带来托福阅读备考之长难句分析集锦，供大家参考学习。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析：二战之后的加拿大托福阅读长难句：二战之后的加拿大Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country's impressive population growth.(倒装结构Basic to any understanding…is…)要理解二战之后20年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。
分句1：Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War分句2：is分句3：the country's impressive population growth分句1，2，3共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是3，2，1，即：该句的正常语序是The country's impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War.本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.托福阅读备考之长难句分析：深海底部环境托福阅读长难句：深海底部环境Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.(定语后置in some ways…)【译句】由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。
第七章名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句一、名词性从句的关联词1. 连词that, that本身没有意义，在宾语可以省略,但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略。
2.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever.这些词在句中既起连接作用，又充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。
3. 连接副词when, where, how, why.这些连接副词在句中既起连接作用，又作状语。
注：名词性从句一律都用陈述句语序e.g. We didn’t know why she didn’t come.The real measure of success is how happy you are.It’s still a question whether he can buy a ticket.（一）主语从句1. it引导的主语从句e.g. That prices will go up is certain.That she was chosen makes a tremendous stir in her village.注：that引导的主语从句通常不这样放在句首，而是利用形式主语it来完成句子，使句子结构看起来更加平衡。
e.g. It is natural that they should have different views.It is a pity that he can’t swim.It never occurred to me that perhaps she was lying.It is reported that there has been an earthquake in Japan.It may be that you’ll prove yourself the most suitable man.2. 由连接副词（代词）引导的主语从句1）可放在句首e.g. When he’ll be back depends much on the weather. How it was done was a mystery.Whether we’ll succeed remains to be seen.2）也可以用形式主语ite.g. It was not clear to me why he behaved like that. It was a mystery how the burglars got in.It doesn’t matter much where we live.3. what引导的主语从句• e.g. What you said is perfectly true. Whoever comes will be welcome.（二）宾语从句1. 由that引导的宾语从句(that 可省略）e.g. I felt that she had a strong will. 我感到她有坚强的意志。
托福阅读长难句200句和详细解析同学们，有没有这样的情况发生?一个句子当中每一个单词你都认识，但你看不懂这句话，这个感觉是不是十分的诡异?托福阅读长难句因为词汇只是基础，句子才是交流最基本的单位，看阅读是看句子，句子看不懂就是啥也没懂。
小编为大家列举200句及对应解析，希望帮助大家掌握理解长难句的分析方法，攻克这一难关。
1. Even the kind of stability defined as simple lack of change is not always associated with maximum diversity.2. Even if the new population is of a different species, it can approximately fill the niche vacated by the extinct population and keep the food web intact.3. Their seed heads raised just high enough above the ground to catch the wind, the plants are no bigger than they need be, their stems are hollow, and all the rigidity comes from their water content.4. By contrast, in the United States an estimated 97 million birds are killed each year when they collide with buildings made of plate glass, 57 million are killed on highways each year; at least 3.8 million die annually from pollution and poisoning; and millions of birds are electrocuted each year by transmission and distribution lines carrying power produced by nuclear and coal power plants.5. A recent Douglas biographer states:" The deer which once picturesquely dotted the meadows around the fort were gone [in 1832], hunted to extermination in order to protect the crops."6. Scientists first identified this impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the impact.7. Only a few organisms especially tolerant of very salty conditions remained.8. Paleontologists have argued for a long time that the demise of the dinosaurs was caused by climatic alterations associated with slow changes in the positions of continents and seas resulting from plate tectonics.9. The answer may be that virtually all the water on Mars is now locked in the permafrost layer under the surface, with more contained in the planet’s polar caps.10. But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect.11. Spores light enough to float on the breezes were carried thousands of miles from more ancient lands and deposited at random across the bare mountain flanks.12. Interestingly enough, several of these hydrodynamic adaptations resemble features designed to improve the aerodynamics of high-speed aircraft.13. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands.第五类14. Perceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals.15. One, set forth by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C., sees humans as naturally imitative—as taking pleasure in imitating persons, things, and actions and in seeing such imitations.16. A more complicated system is, in general, more likely than a simple system to break down.17. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy.18. Second, conservation has been insured by limiting times for and types of hunting.19. It has been suggested that these figurines were an ideal type or an expression of a desire for fertility.20. A third likely explanation for infantile amnesia involves incompatibilities between the ways in which infants encode information and the ways in which older children and adults retrieve it.21. Whether people can remember an event depends critically on the fit between the way in which they earlier encoded the information and the way in which they later attempt to retrieve it.22. Critics also point out that the shallow seaways had retreated from and advanced on the continents numerous times during the Mesozoic, so why did the dinosaurs survive the climatic changes associated with the earlier fluctuations but not with this one?23. This would have created a barrier of ice extending from the Alaska Peninsula, through the Gulf of Alaska and southward along the Northwest Coast of North America to what is today the state of Washington.24. Teachers, it is thought, benefit from the practice of reflection, the conscious act of thinking deeply about and carefully examining the interactions and events within their own classrooms.25. They describe the initial understanding in the teachers with whom they were working as being "utilitarian...and not rich or detailed enough to drive systematic reflection."26. Liston (1987) point out the inconsistency between the role of the teacher asa (reflective) professional decision maker and the more usual role of the teacher asa technician, putting into practice the ideas of others.27. Other features, however, show experts that Pakicetus is a transitional form between a group of extinct flesh-eating mammals, the mesonychids, and cetaceans.28. Sociobiology views much social behavior, including aggressive behavior, as genetically determined.29. The Democrats tended to view society as a continuing conflict between "the people”-farmers, planters, and workers-and a set of greedy aristocrats.30. Nor did the Whigs envision any conflict in society between farmers and workers on the one hand and businesspeople and bankers on the other.解析：1、系好安全带能够挽救性命，它能将丧生和重伤的概率减少一半以上。
TOEFL托福阅读长难句分析汇总为了让大家更好的预备托福考试，我给大家整理托福阅读长难句，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读长难句1As relative newcomers to the Southwest, a place where their climate, neighbors,and rulers could be equally inhospitable, the Navajo created these art forms to affect the world around them, not just through the recounting of the actions symbolized, but through the beauty and harmony of the artworks themselves. (TPO41, 49)大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解(As relative newcomers to the Southwest), (a place) (where their climate, neighbors, and rulers could be equally inhospitable), the Navajo created these art forms to affect the world around them, (not just through the recounting of the actions symbolized, but through the beauty and harmony of the artworks themselves. ) (TPO41, 49)托福阅读长难句100句分析：这个句子的主干局部：the Navajo created these art forms to affect the world around them修饰一：(As relative newcomers to the Southwest)，介词短语中文：作为西南部相对较新的人修饰二：(a place) ，同位语中文：一个地方修饰三：(where their climate, neighbors,and rulers could be equally inhospitable) ，从句中文：在那里气候恶劣、邻居冷漠以及统治者暴政修饰四：(not just through the recounting of the actions symbolized, but through the beauty and harmony of the artworks themselves. )，介词短语留意这里有一个搭配：not just … but …不仅…而且中文：不仅是通过详述这些象征性的行为，而且还通过艺术品本身的美和和谐托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：作为西南部(在那里气候恶劣、邻居冷漠以及统治者暴政)相对较新的人，纳瓦霍人不仅是通过详述这些象征性的行为，而且还通过艺术品本身的美和和谐，制造了这些艺术形式来影响他们四周的世界。
英语长难句解析一、定语从句【难句】1. Even China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries. (The Economist Jun.5, 2006)【结构分析】本句结构清晰，是一个复合句。
主句为Even China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN，其后的定语从句which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries修饰先行词UN，关系代词在从句中作主语，注意这里project作动词用，译为“指出”，且从句里使用了比较级。
【参考译文】联合国有关报告指出，即便是中国，到2030年初期人口也将开始递减。
这份报告同时还指出，到2050年，将有50个国家的人口低于今天的水平。
【难句】2. That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals. (The Economist Jun.18, 2006)【结构分析】本句的主句That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games是主系表结构，其中表语由how引导的名词性从句充当，定语从句which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals修饰先行词video games，关系代词which指代先行词video games在从句中作主语，这里使用了被动语态be accused of，在翻译时我们译成主动。
Toefl长难句200例精讲与精练导言托福（T OE FL）考试中，长难句是阅读和听力部分常见的难点之一。
掌握长难句的解读和运用对于备考者来说至关重要。
本文将提供200个精选的长难句例题，并进行深入解析和练习，帮助考生更好地掌握托福长难句。
第一部分：例题解析1.1长难句例题1高考英语试卷中，“I t is+被强调部分+th a t/wh o+其他部分”的句型非常常见。
请分析下面这个例句：>I ti st he sh ee rs cal e of th eI nt er ne t's i nf lu en ce th at mak e si ts or e ma rk ab le.这个句子的主干是“t he sh ee rs ca le of t he In te rn et's inf l ue nc e”，而主语是整个句子的强调部分。
1.2长难句例题2在阅读中，遇到由一个“主语从句”和一个“宾语从句”组成的句子结构时，要注意从属连词的引导和从句中的主谓一致。
请分析下面这个例句：>I ti si mp or ta nt tha t st ud en ts un de rst a nd th ei mp or ta nce o ft im em a na ge me nt if th eyw a nt to su cc ee d.这个句子的主句是“I t is im po rt an t”，从句是“t ha ts tu de nt su nd e rs ta nd th ei mp ort a nc eo ft im em an age m en ti ft he y wa nt to su cc ee d”，注意从句中的主谓一致现象。
1.3长难句例题3有时候，长难句会通过添加让步状语从句来增加句子的复杂度和意义。
请分析下面这个例句：>D es pi te be in gt ire d,I de ci de dt og ofo r ar un.这个句子中，“D esp i t e be in gt ir ed”是一个让步状语从句，它表达了尽管疲倦，但我还是决定去跑步的意思。
难句在考研阅读、完型填空和翻译中的出现频次很高，不论句子有多长、构造有多复杂，它都由一些基本的成分构成的。
从构造来说，英语句子中，除了谓语以外，其余的成分均能够由从句或许非谓语动词来充任。
从句子自己是一个完好的句子，所以，从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、套嵌，也可能并列，平行。
从功能来说，英语有三大复合句，即:①名词性从句，包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句，即我们平时所说的定语从句 ;③状语从句。
非谓语动词能够有自己的时态和语态（过去分词除外），也能够跟自己的逻辑主语、宾语、状语等成分，构成一个非谓语动词构造。
因为非谓语动词和从句的这些特色，使英语句子从理论上讲能够无穷延伸。
英语长句的剖析方法：去枝叶，留骨干。
1）划出句子中的定语从句和状语从句;2）划出所有介词短语（位于be 动词后的除外）；3）名词性从句看作一个整体 ,找出句中所有的谓语构造、非谓语构造、介词短语和从句的指引词 ;4）非谓语动词构造看作一个整体；5）找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的骨干；6）剖析从句的构造和非谓语动词的内部构造。
长难句剖析的步骤举例：经典例题（ 2001 年考研完型填空第二段）In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, willintroduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly controlthe amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.剖析 :第一，划出定语从句和状语从句 : that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and willstrictly control the amount of publicity /that can be given to a case /before a trial begins.第二，划出介词短语：In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press第三，句子的构造剖析:（1）骨干构造是主语（Lord Irvine 含同位语the Lord Chancellor ）+未来时谓语（ will introduce ）+（ a draft bill ）；（2）that 引的定从句修 draft bill, 此中， will propose 是第一个， making paymentsto witnesses illegal 是一个名短做，在名短内部，payments to witnesses 做making 的， illegal 是；第二个是will strictly control, the amount of publicity是它的。
1.What is particularly meaningful to anthropologists is the realization that although the materials available to a society may to some extent limit or influence what it can do artistically, the materials by no means determine what is done．解析：(三个what引导的从句，第一个作主语，第二个与第三个都作宾语；that至句末的部分作realization的同位语)分句1：What is particularly meaningful to anthropologists is the realization分句2：although the materials available to a society may to some extent limit or influence what it can do artistically分句3：the materials by no means determine what is done．2和3并列1和2，3嵌套，2和3是1中the realization的同位语译文：对人类学家有着特殊意义的是这样一种认识：尽管一个社会能够得到的材料可能在一定程度上限制或影响它在艺术上的作为，但这些材料绝对不能决定该社会所做的事情。
2. As a result，claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore．解析：(同位语从句claims that…)分句1：that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health分句2：claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore分句2嵌套分句1，分句1作为分句2主语的同位语从句嵌套在分句2中。
因此本句的主句是claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore. （那些观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。
）同位语从句是that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health：只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康译文：结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。
3.There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like．解析：(并列同位语从句reports that…，that…，that…)分句1：There are numerous unsubstantiated reports分句2：natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones分句3：that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs分句4：that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like分句1是整个长句的主句，分句2、分句3和分句4是并列关系，共同构成分句1的同位语从句。
本句的意思是有很多没有经过证实的报道，然后并列了三个未经过证实的报道的从句。
译文：关于天然维生素优于人造维生素，受精蛋比未受精蛋的营养价值更高，未经熏蒸消毒处理的谷物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜，但都没有得到证实。
4.The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North, though less spectacularly．解析：(同位语从句fact that…)分句1. The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact分句2. reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North分句3.though less spectacularly （省略）1和2嵌套1和3并列译文：南方极为严重的困境使北方同样需要开始重建(尽管不像南方那么引人注目)这一事实显得不太重要。
5. Amid rumors that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt 80 by 45 miles in extent, the two captains set out．解析：(同位语从句rumors that…)分句1：Amid rumors分句2：that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region分句3：and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt 80 by 45 miles in extent分句4：the two captains set out分句1和分句4构成倒装，正常的语序应该是分句4+分句1，即the two captains set out Amid rumors。
分句1嵌套分句2和分句3，分句2和分句3是修饰分句1的rumors的同位语从句，用来说明谣言的具体内容。
分句2和分句3构成并列关系。
译文：当时有一些传言，说有史前的猛犸在这一陌生的区域活动，而且在这一区域的某个地方有一座巨大的盐石山，其面积达80英里长50英里宽。
就在这些传言中，两位上尉出发了。
6．People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos．解析：(同位语从句prospect that…)分句1. People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect分句2. unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos．1和2 嵌套，1是主句，2 具体解释说明prospect译文：19世纪的美国人因为害怕国家经济中史无前例的变化会带来社会混乱这一前景而提心吊胆。
7．Keen observers and quick learners，they are astute about the intentions of other creatures，including researchers，and adept at avoiding them．解析：(并列同位语keen observers and quick learners)分句1. they are astute about the intentions of other creatures, including researchers分句2. and adept at avoiding them．译文：乌鸦是敏锐的观察家和快捷的学习者，它们对其他生物(包括研究人员)的意图感觉非常敏锐，并且善于躲开它们。
8.Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false．解析：(out of…into…摆脱…，进入…；that引导的从句many of the values…are false作realization的同位语；we unquestioningly accept作values的定语)分句1：Satire jars…分句2：that many…分句3：we unquestioningly…2和3嵌套1和2嵌套1和2是并列译文：讽刺作品使我们摆脱了自满情绪，并在愉快与震惊之中认识到：许多我们毫无疑问地接受的价值观是错误的。
