翻译训练

1. 在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。

在封建(feudal)社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威。

那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。

在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。

秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。

人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。

2.随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。

新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。

然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。

因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。

同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。

3在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。

人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。

红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联系。

然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快乐。

因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯行为。

4在山东潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。

潍坊以“风筝之都“而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史。

传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。

也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。

据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地。

5乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。

这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。

在过去的一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。

乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。

数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市。

无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。

6功夫是中国武术的俗称。

中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。

它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人老年人都练。

它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。

作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练的最多的武术形式。

有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。

7中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。

他们对孩子的（唯一）要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。

他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样（竞争）激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。

中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上（取得）大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。

因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子（创造）更好的条件。

8今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人汉语演讲比赛，这项比赛证明是促进中国和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法。

它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中国的机会。

来自87个国家共计126位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从7月6日到8月5日进行的半决赛和决赛。

比赛并不是唯一的活动，选手们还有机会参观了中国其他地区的著名景点和历史，名胜。

9云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。

那里的生活节奏比大多数中国（的城市）都要缓慢。

丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。

历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。

当地人中流传着许多关于（人）生，为爱而死的故事。

如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。

10中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。

2010年，中国约有4.2亿网民(netizen )，且人数还在迅速增长。

互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。

中国网民往往不同于美国网民。

美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、规划旅程或付款。

中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛地使用QQ、聊天室等。

11.农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过3亿。

中国农业产量全球第一，主要生产水稻、小麦和豆类。

虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，但为世界百分之二十的人提供了粮食。

中国7700年开始种植水稻。

早在使用机械和化肥之前，勤劳和富有创造性的中国农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产量。

中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。

有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全，大众健康和可持续发展。

12.随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，学汉语的人数迅速增加，使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语言之一。

近年来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。

由于中国教育的巨大进步，中国成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一就不足为奇了。

2015年，近40万国际学生蜂拥来到中国市场。

他们学习的科目不再限于中国语言和文化，而包括科学与工程。

在全球教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在迅速赶上。

13.随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。

过去，中国人的时间主要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。

然而，近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。

经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮。

中国人不仅在国内旅游，出国旅游也越来越普遍。

2016年国庆节假日期间，旅游消费总计超过4000亿元。

据世界贸易组织估计，2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国，在未来几年里将成为处境旅游支出增长最快的国家。

14.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。

为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。

中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。

它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。

与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。

15深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。

在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个渔村，仅有三万多人。

20世纪80年代，中国政府创建了深圳经济特区，作为实施社会主义市场经济的试验田。

如今，深圳的人口已超过1,000万，整个城市发生了巨大的变化。

到2014年，深圳的人均（per-capita）GDP已达25,000美元，相当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。

就综合经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。

由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内外企业家创业的理想之地。

16.在中国，父母总是竭力帮助孩子，甚至为孩子做重要决定，而不管孩子想要什么，因为他们相信这样做是为孩子好。

结果，孩子的成长和教育往往屈从于父母的意愿。

如果父母决定为孩子报名参加一个课外班，以增加其被重点学校录取的机会，他们会坚持自己的决定，即使孩子根本不感兴趣。

然而在美国，父母可能会尊重孩子的意见，并在决策时更注重他们的意见。

中国父母十分重视教育或许值得称赞。

然而，他们应该向美国父母学习在涉及教育时如何平衡父母与子女间的关系。

17.自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。

平均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。

联合国的“千年（millennium）发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。

目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。

政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。

中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。

1. In Chinese culture, yellow is an important color because of its unique symbolic meaning. In feudal society, it symbolizes the rulers’ power and authority. At that time, yellow was designed to use for the emperor—the royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow too. However, the ordinary people were not allowed to wear yellow clothes. In China, yellow also signifies harvest. The fields grow golden yellow in autumn when the crops mature. People celebrate the harvest cheerfully.2.With China’s reform and opening up, many young peo ple tend to hold Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or patients in critical conditions. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.3.The color of red in Chinese culture usually meansgood luck, longevity and happiness. Red can befound everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival andot her joyous occasions. Cashes often in redenvelopes are sent to family memb ers or closefriends as gifts. Its popularity can also be attributedthe fact that people accociate it with Chinese revolution and Communist Party. However, i t does not always equal to good luck and joy inthat the name of the dead use d to be written in red. Using red ink to write names of Chinesepeople were se en as an offense.4.In Weifang,Shandong, kites are not only for entertainment.It also symbolizes the cultureof the city. Weifang is known as the“capital of kites” with a history ofnearly 2,400 years in flyingkites. Itis saidthat the ancient Chinesephilosopher Motze took three years tomake the first kite right in Weifang. It felland broke,however, on its first day of flying. Some alsobelives that it was thecarpenter LuBan that fist invented the kite.It’s said that his kite was madeof wood a nd bamboo and it landedafter three days’ flying.5.Wuzhen, an ancient water town of Zhejiang province, is located near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is a charming place. Many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants dwell there. In the past one thousand years, the water system and the way of life there haven't changed much, so it is a museum of ancient civilizations. All rooms in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood. Over hundreds of years, the locals have built houses and markets along the riverbank. Numerous spacious and pretty courtyardshide in those houses, serving as surprises and waiting to be found by the tourists.6.Kung Fu is commonly known as the Chinese martial arts. The origins of Chi nese martial artscan be traced back to the needs of ancient self-defense, hu nting activities and the military training in ancient china. It is one of the Chin ese traditional sports, young people arepracticing. It has evolved into a uni que element of Chinese culture. As a national treasure ofChina, there are hu ndreds of different styles of martial arts, the most practiced martial arts int he world. Some styles imitate the movements of animals, and some are insp ired by Chinesephilosophy, myths and legends.7.Chinese parents have frequently tended to pay too much attention to their children's study, so that children don't help them do the housework. Their only requirement for their children is to study hard, perform well in the exams, and go to a famous/prestigious university. They believe it is good for their children, because in such a highly competitive society, only good results could ensure a promising future. Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if their children can achieve great success in society. Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their own time, hobbies and interests, to create much better conditions for children.8.The Annual Chinese Speech Contest for Foreigners was held in Changsha thi s year. The contest was proved to be a good way to promote cultural exchan ges between China and other regionsall over the world. It provides an opport unity for young people around the world to understand China better.A total of 126 players from 87 countries gathered in the capital of Hunan province to pa rticipate in the semi-final and the final from July 6th to August 5th.Competition is not the only activity. Players also have a chance to visit famou s and historicalattractions in other parts of China.9.Lijiang, an ancient town of Yunnan Province, is one ofthe most famous touri st destinations. Its pace of lifeis slower than that of most cities of China. Ther e are many natural beauties everywhere inLijiang and many ethnical minoritie s provide tourists with a great variety of culturalexperience. Lijiang is also w ell-known as the "city of love" in history. Many stories about lifeand dying for l ove have spreaded widely among the locals. Nowadays, for tourists home and abroad, the ancient town is regarded as a paradise of love and romance.10.The internet community in China isdeveloping at the fastest speed around the world. China has about 420 millionnetizens in 2010, and the number is still growing quickly. The increasingpopularity of internet has produced the major social change. And netizens inChina are often different from that of America.American netizens are moredriven by practical needs, using the internet to send e-mails, buy and sellgoods, plan the journey or pay for the bill. However, Chinese netizens areusing internet for the purpose of social contact.Consequently, they are morewidely using the QQ and chat-rooms and so on.11.Agriculture is one of the most important industries in China which embraces more than 300 million workers. China ‘s agriculture output ranks the first all over the word, and it mainly produce rice, wheat and beans. China provides 20 percent of the world food, though its agriculture land only accounts for 10% of the world’s total.China’s history of planting rice dates back as early as 7700 B.C. Long before the use of machinery and fertilizers, industrious and creative farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increase crop yields. The latest trend of the agriculture development in China is to promote organic agriculture. And the organic agriculture can serve a variety of purposes, which including food safety, public health and sustainable development.12.As China’s economy booms, there is a dramatic increase in the number of people learning Chinese, which makes it become one of the most popular languages. In recent years, international ranks of Chinese universities have apparently boosted. Owing to the progress of Chinese education, it is not odd that China has become one of the most favorite destinations for oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundred thousand international students piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limited to the subjects of Chinese and Chinese culture, they also learn science and engineering. In the global education market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catching up.13.With the improvement of living standards, vacationis playing an increasin gly important role in Chinesepeople’s life. In the past, Chinese people mainlys pent their time on earning a living and seldom didthey have the opportunities to travel abroad.However, the recent years has witnessed a fastdevelopment of China’s tourism industry. The boom of economy and emergence of the aff luent middle class, has triggered an unprecedented tourism boom. Chinese people arenot only traveling within China, but traveling abroad is also becomi ng more and more popular.During the National Day holiday of 2016, the con sumption of tourism adds up to more than 400billion. According to the estima te of the WTO, China will become the country with the largesttourism industry in the world in 2020, and it will become the country with the fastestconsumpt ion increase in traveling abroad in the next few years.14.China's innovation is flourishing faster than everbefore. In order to surp ass developed countries onscience and technology as soon as possible, China has sharply increased research and developmentfund. Chinese universities an d institutes are actively doing innovative researches, covering various fields of high technology, from big data to biochemistry, and from new energy to ro bots.They are also cooperating with science and technology parks in different places, so as tocommercialize their fruits of innovation. In the meantime, toadapt to the changing foreignand domestic market, and to satisfy the growi ng demand, Chinese entrepreneurs are alsomaking pioneering efforts to innov ate their products and business models.15.Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdongprovince,China Before the implementation of reform and opening-up policy,it was but a fishingvillag e only with a population of over 30 thousandIn the 1980s,Chinese governme nt established Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot f or the implementation of socialist market economy.Currently,the populatio n of Shenzhen has exceeded 10 million and the whole city has undergonetre mendous changes.By 2014,the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25 t housand dollars,equivalent to that ofsome developed countries in the world. As far as its overall economic power is concerned,Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China.Due to its unique status,it is alsoan ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their businesses.16.Parents in China are always trying to help their children, even to make the most important decision for them, regardless of what the children really want, because parents believe it’s all for the benefit of their children. This has led to the result that the children’s growth and education tend to give way to their par ents’ wishes. Once the parents decide to sign up an afterschool class for their children in order to increase their chance of being admitted to a good school, they will stick on their decision, even their children have no interest in it at all.In America, however, parents tend to respect their children, especially when making decisions. Perhaps it is commendable that Chinese parents lay much importance on education, but Chinese parents still need to keep the balance between the parents and children in the perspective of education as the American parents do.17.Since the reform was launched in 1978, China has transformed from the planned economyinto a market-based economy, experiencing rapid economic and social development. On theaverage,10% of the GDP growth has made more than five hundred million people out of poverty. The “millennium development goal ”of the United Nations has bee n realized or areabout to be reached in China. At present, the 12th five-year p lan in China emphasizes thedevelopment of service industry and solve the pr oblem of environmental and socialimbalance. The government has set up a goal to reduce pollution, increasing energy efficiency，improving the chance of education and health care, and enlarging the socials ecurity.7% of annual economic growth target in China shows that the government att achesgreat importance to the quality of life rather than the growth rate.。