中药熏洗与贴敷结合手术治疗肛周脓肿临床研究重点

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·36· 国际中医中药杂志2017年1月第39卷第1期 Int J Trad Chin Med, January 2017, Vol. 39, No.1 

·论著·

中药熏洗与贴敷结合手术治疗

肛周脓肿临床研究

冯利 金鑫 王波 邓森田

【摘要】 目的 评价中药熏洗与贴敷结合手术治疗肛周脓肿的临床疗效。方法 将符合入选标准

的140例肛周脓肿患者采用随机数字表法分为2组,每组70例。对照组依据患者的病情选择不同的手术

方式,术后在常规抗感染治疗同时配合高锰酸钾溶液(1︰5 000)坐浴;观察组在对照组基础上配合中药熏

洗与贴敷。2组均治疗1个月,随访3个月。观察患者伤口的红肿消失、腐肉脱落及愈合时间,以及疼痛

程度的改善情况,评价临床疗效,记录随访期间的感染与复发情况。结果 观察组总有效率为

100.0%(70/70)、对照组为91.4%(64/70),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.322,P=0.037)。治疗后第3、

7天,观察组不同疼痛等级患者的分布情况优于对照组(Z值分别为9.742、16.860,P值分别为0.008、0.001)。

治疗后,观察组红肿消退时间[(4.9±0.7)d比(6.1±0.7)d,t=10.142]、腐肉脱落时间[(3.8±0.5)d比(4.2±

0.4)d,t=5.227]、切口愈合时间[(22.1±4.0)d比(26.9±4.0)d,t=7.099]均低于对照组(P<0.01)。随访

期间,观察组继发感染4例(5.7%)、复发2例(2.9%),对照组分别为20例(28.6%)、6例(8.6%),2组

继发感染率、复发率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为6.092、8.934,P值分别为0.034、0.001)。

结论 中药熏洗与贴敷结合手术治疗可促进肛周脓肿患者伤口愈合,降低继发感染与复发率。

【关键词】 肛管;脓肿;外科手术;复方(中药);薰洗;湿敷疗法

Effect of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and herbal plaster for the patients with

perianal abscess Feng Li*, Jin Xin, Wang Bo, Deng Sentian. *Department of Anorectal, Ankang City

Central Hospital, Ankang 725000, China

Corresponding author: Feng Li, Email: fengli19810105@163.com

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and

herbal plaster for the patients with anal abscess. Methods A total of 140 patients with anal abscess were

randomly divided into 2 groups, 70 in each group. The control group were treated with different operation

methods according to the patient's health condition. the Potassium Permanganate solution (1:5 000) bath was

used after surgery in the conventional anti anti-infection treatment; and the observation group were treated with

herbal fumigation and plaster on the basis of the control group. The wound was treated in the both groups in the

following 3 months after operation. The wound swelling disappearance, carrion shedding and healing time, pain

relief, medical records of infection and recurrence were measured after the treatment and follow-up period.

Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 100% (70/70), and the control group was 91.4%

(64/70). The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.322, P=0.037). After 3, 7 days,

the pain relief in the observation group was better than that in the control group (Z=9.742, 16.860, P=0.008,

0.001). After treatment, the observation group swelling (4.9 ± 0.7 d vs. 6.1 ± 0.7 d, t=10.142), carrion shedding

time (3.8 ± 0.5 d vs. 4.2 ± 0.4 d, t=5.227), the wound healing time (22.1 ± 4.0 d vs. 26.9 ± 4.0 d, t=7.099) were

lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). During follow-up, 4 cases (5.7%) with secondary infection and 2

cases (2.9%) with recurrence were in the observation group, but 20 cases (28.6%) and 6 cases (8.6%) in the

control group.There were significantly difference of the secondary infection and recurrence between two groups

DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4246.2017.01.010

作者单位:725000 陕西省安康市中心医院肛肠科(冯利、王波、邓森田),普外科(金鑫)

通信作者:冯利,

Email: fengli19810105@163.com

万方数据国际中医中药杂志2017年1月第39卷第1期 Int J Trad Chin Med, January 2017, Vol. 39, No.1 ·37· 

(χ2= 6.092,8.934, P= 0.034, 0.001). 2 groups of secondary infection, the differences were statistically significant.

Conclusions The combination of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and herbal plaster could improve

the wound healing time, reduce the secondary infection and recurrence rates of patients with anal abscess.

【Key words】 Anal canal; Abscess; Surgical procedures, operative; Compounds (TCD); Steaming

washing therapy; Moisten compress therapy

肛周脓肿指患者肛门直肠周围的间隙软组织

出现了不同程度的急性或慢性的化脓性感染,最

终可形成脓肿[1]。临床以手术治疗为主,传统的手

术方式需先将脓肿切开引流[2],几个月后再行肛瘘

切开挂线治疗。本研究采用中药熏洗与贴敷结合

手术治疗肛周脓肿,观察患者伤口的红肿消失时

间、腐肉脱落时间及伤口愈合时间,评价患者的

疼痛等级,记录感染与复发情况。

1 资料与方法

1.1 研究对象:选取2014年1月-2015年6月

本院肛肠科患者140例。均符合肛周脓肿西医诊

断标准[3]及中医热毒炽盛证、火毒蕴结证辨证分型

标准[4];年龄18~65周岁;不伴有其他肛肠疾病;

无其他系统严重疾病,有手术适应症;患者及家

属对治疗方案知情同意。排除有精神障碍性疾病

者;合并心肝肾等重要脏器严重疾病者;过敏体质

者。按随机数字表法将患者分为2组,每组70例。

2组患者基线资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>

0.05),具有可比性,见表1。

表1 2组肛周脓肿患者基线资料比较

变量 观察组 对照组 t值/χ2值P值

例数(男/女) 70(38/32)70(42/28) 0.4670.495年龄(岁,sx) 36.9±9.2 37.9±7.8 0.6940.489病程(月,sx) 11.2±3.9 11.2±3.9 0.0001.000

脓肿部位[例(%)] 低位脓肿 54(77.1) 58(82.9) 0.4020.526 高位脓肿 10(14.3) 4(5.7) 1.9840.159

复合位脓肿 6(8.6) 8(11.4) 0.0790.778

1.2 治疗方法:对照组依据患者不同病情选择不

同的手术方式,其中,低位脓肿者选用切开引流

术,后蹄铁形脓肿者多选用切开缝合挂线引流术,直肠后间隙脓肿者多选用切开挂线术,多间隙脓

肿者多选用放射状多切口引流术。术后在常规抗

感染同时配合高锰酸钾溶液(1︰5 000)坐浴。观察

组在对照组的基础上配合中药熏洗和贴敷治疗。处

方:黄芪50 g、苦参30 g、金银花9 g、白芷3 g、

防风6 g、陈皮9 g、浙贝母6 g、赤芍6 g、没药6 g、

当归尾6 g、甘草6 g、皂角刺6 g、天花粉6 g,

将药物加入500 ml水煎煮,用水蒸汽熏蒸手术切

口,每日早晚8:00时各熏蒸20 min,再以纱布浸

泡药液,贴敷患处30 min。治疗前注意排净大小

便,便后及时清洁伤口,熏洗时温度要适宜,放

松括约肌,使药液充分接触创面,注意避风保暖。

2组均治疗1个月,随访3个月。

1.3 临床观察指标:依据文献[5]标准分别于治疗

后第1、3、7天进行疼痛等级评价。0级:无疼痛