高考语法复习--情 态 动 词

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高考语法复习--情 态 动 词 1. 情态动词的考点 1、can; may; must should; need 等表示判断及 推测; 2、shall; should 的特殊用法; 3、情态动词的应答策略; 4、对过去的判断或推测; 5、dare; need 的用法特点。 2. 情态动词的用法特点 1) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事 情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2) 情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外,后面只能接不带 to 的不定式。 3) 情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第 三人称单数不加-s。 4) 情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分 词,等形式。 f. 3. 情态动词表示推测的用法 A. 对现在状态和动作的推测 高考题点击: Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. (05安徽卷) A. shall B. must C. may D. can C 说明:must 加动词原形表示“必须做”;may 加动词原形表示“可能会做”;can 加动词原形表示“能够做”;can 表示“可能性”时一般用在问句和否定句中。该句的关键在于“but she isn’t quite sure yet”。 说明:needn’t 表示“不必”;mustn’t 表示“不准”;shan’t 用在二、三人称中表示“坚决不准”,含有强烈的警告和命令的语气。shouldn’t 表示“非常不可能”或“应该不会”。 2. There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. (05上海卷) A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t C 3. It’s nearly 7:00. Jack __ be here at any moment. (N 1995) A. must B. need C. should D. can

4. Johnny, you _____ play with the knife, you _____ hurt yourself. (N 1996) A. won’t, can’t B. mustn’t, may C. shouldn’t, must D. can’t, should C B must + be 表示“肯定会”;need + be 表示 “需要在”;should + 动词原形表示“非常有可能”;can 表示可能性只用在否定和疑问句中。 前句表示“你不能玩刀”,此处的 “不能”并非表示“能力”,而是表示“允许”,所以只能用“mustn’t”;后句表示“可能会伤着你自己”,故用 may。 5. ---- Are you coming to Jeff’s party? ---- I’m not sure. I ___ go to the concert instead. ( N 2000) A. must B. would C. should D. might

6. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _____ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? (2001上海春季) A. can B. should C. may D. must D A 此句的关键在于“I’m not sure”,既然不能肯定,只能是一种“可能性”。 此句的意思为:“Bush 先生总是很守时,他怎么可能在出席开幕仪式时迟到呢?“ can 在否定句或疑问句中表示“可能性”。 7. --- Is John coming by train? --- He should, but he ______ not. He likes driving his car. (N 2002) A. must B. can C. need D. may

8. --- I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. --- It _________ true because there was little snow there. (N 2002北京) A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be D C 此句的关键是“He likes driving his car.” can 和 may 都可用于否定句中,can’t 表示“根本不可能”,语气很强;may not 表示“也许不可能”,语气较弱。 couldn’t 的语气比 can’t 弱。 B. 对过去动作或状态的推测 Tom ought not to _______ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (N1993) A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told

2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ______ for her. (N 1994) A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out A C ought to 相当于 should;此句的关键是“He meant no harm”,显然指的是过去的事。 should have written 意指“本该写但实际上并没有写”。 3. --- There were already 5 people in the car but they managed to take me as well. --- It ________ a comfortable journey. (N 1995) A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been

4. Susan_______ written a report like this. (1995上海) A. can have B. mustn’t have C. can’t have D. ought to not have D C 此句谈论的是过去的经历,故 A、B 不合题意;must 表示判断和推测只能用在肯定句中。 该句的意思为 Susan 不可能写出这样的报告来。ought to have done 的否定式为 ought not to have done。 5. Jack ____ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived C. can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrived

6. --- I stayed at a hotel while in New York. --- Oh, did you? You______ with Barbara. (N 1998) A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed C A 此句的关键是后半句,“otherwise he would have phoned me”,此处为省略了条件句的虚拟语气,表示“如果到了他会打电话给我的”,由此可见,他肯定没到。 此句并不表示判断,而是一个虚拟语气。 4. shall; should 的特殊用法 1. It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海) A. can B. will C. may D. shall 2. It’s nearly 7:00. Jack ___ be here at any moment. (N 95) A. must B. need C. should D. can D C 该句的意思为:“通知说所有的考生必须坐在位置上直到考卷收完了才能离开。”考生坐在位置上不能用“能够、将要、可以”来表示。而 shall 在第二、三人称里面表示一种“命令、警告、承诺”等。 3. --- When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. --- They __________ be ready by 12:00. (N 1998) A. can B. should C. might D. need

4. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海) A. might B. need C. should D. would B C 此句应是店主对顾客的承诺。 should 与 how; why 等表示疑问或否定的词连用时,用来表示一种惊奇的心情,意思为“居然、竟然” 5. 情态动词的应答 1. --- Shall I tell John about it? --- No, you ______. I’ve told him already. (N 1994) A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t

2. --- Could I call you by the first name?