国际贸易实务试卷A卷(英文)及标准答案

《国际贸易实务》参考试卷国际贸易实务试卷一一、名词解释（本类题共5小题，每小题2分, 共10分，每题只回答简要内容）本题得分1.共同海损2. Letter of Credit3．Price Terms4．国际多式联运5. 国际保理业务二、填空题（本类题共15个空，每填对1个空得1分，共15分）本题得分1.重量的计算方法有：净重、毛重、（）、（）和法定重量，其中（）适于生丝的计量。

2. 远期汇票按承兑人不同可以分为（）和（），其中（）是很好的融资工具。

3.有关贸易术语的国际贸易惯例有：《美国对外贸易定义》、《（）》和《（）》三个，其中《（）》应用范围最广、影响最大。

4. 按交单的前提，远期跟单托收分为（）、和（）二种，其中（）对卖方风险较大。

5. 按照检验时间和地点的规定，有：在出口国检验、（）和（）三种，其中（）适于四个象征性交货的贸易术语。

三、单项选择题（本类题共15个小题，每小题1分, 共15分。

每题只选取一个正确答案）1．从交易的一般程序上，下列两个环节是最基本的，也是合同成立的必要条件。

（）A．询盘和发盘B．发盘和接受C．发盘和还盘D．接受和签订合同2．最适合工艺品类商品贸易合同中品质的表示方法的是（）。

A．凭样品买卖B．凭标准买卖C．凭产地买卖D．凭图样和说明书买卖3．适合“以毛作净”计量的是（）。

A．麻袋装大米 B. 纸箱装苹果C．布袋装大枣D．铁桶装食用油4．在CFR合同下，卖方在装上船前货物因风险造成损失如需得到保险公司赔偿，需要（）。

A．由买方向其投保的保险公司索赔B．由卖方向买方投保的保险公司索赔C．卖方单独投保陆运险D．卖方单独投保卖方利益险5．正确的我国进口合同中价格条款的写法是（）。

A.EUR12 per pair CIP Hong Kong Incoterms® 2010B. £1300 per M/T CFR USA Incoterms® 2010C. USD per ton FCA London Incoterms® 2010D. HKD20 per doz. CIF Shanghai Incoterms® 20106．内陆企业在出口合同中使用（）术语，可以尽早将风险转移和提前收取货款。

国际贸易实务试题和答案一、单项选择题（每题 2 分，共 30 分）1、在国际贸易中，凭样品买卖时，样品（）。

A 只能由卖方提供B 只能由买方提供C 既可以由卖方提供，也可以由买方提供D 由第三方提供答案：C2、按照《2010 通则》的解释，采用 CIF 术语成交，卖方要负责（）。

A 租船订舱并支付运费B 办理货运保险并支付保险费C 承担货物越过船舷前的一切风险D 以上都是答案：D3、某公司出口一批货物，报价为 CIF 纽约，总价为 10000 美元，其中运费为 200 美元，保险费为 100 美元。

则该批货物的 FOB 价为（）美元。

A 9700B 9800C 9900D 10000答案：A解析：FOB 价＝ CIF 价运费保险费＝ 10000 200 100 ＝ 9700（美元）4、象征性交货是指（）。

A 卖方交货时无需实际交货，只需提交有关单据B 卖方交货时只需提交货物C 买方收货时无需实际收货，只需提交有关单据D 买方收货时只需提交货物答案：A5、对于品质公差范围内的货物，买方（）。

A 可以拒收B 可以要求调整价格C 不得拒收D 可以要求损害赔偿答案：C6、班轮运输的运费应该（）。

A 包括装卸费，但不计滞期费、速遣费B 包括装卸费，但应计滞期费、速遣费C 不包括装卸费D 不包括装卸费，也不计滞期费、速遣费答案：A7、共同海损的牺牲和费用应该由（）。

A 受损方各自承担B 船方承担C 受益各方按受益大小的比例分摊D 保险公司承担答案：C8、按《跟单信用证统一惯例》规定，信用证中如果未规定是否允许分批装运和转运，则视为（）。

A 允许分批装运和转运B 不允许分批装运和转运C 允许分批装运，但不允许转运D 不允许分批装运，但允许转运答案：A9、某汇票承兑日为 5 月 31 日，“见票后 90 天”付款，到期日为（）。

A 8 月 28 日B 8 月 29 日C 8 月 30 日D 8 月 31 日答案：C解析：从 6 月 1 日起算 90 天，6 月 30 天，7 月 31 天，8 月 29 天，所以到期日为 8 月 30 日。

外经济贸易大学《国际贸易实务》期末考试试题（A卷）课程序号：ITR303—（0—4）学号：姓名：班级：成绩：一、是非判断题（正确用“√”表示，错误用“X”表示。

每题1分，共20分）1．按照INCOTERMS2000的规定，卖方在CIF术语下承担的风险、责任和费用要比FOB术语下的大。

（）2．按照INCOTERMS2000的规定，在所有的贸易术语下，出口强制检验的费用都由卖方承担。

（）3．按照INCOTERMS2000的规定，按CIF术语成交，海运途中的风险由买方承担，卖方对货物的延误或灭失不承担责任，因此，合同中如果作出相反的规定是无效的。

（）4．按照 FOB Under Tackle的规定，卖方的交货地点是买方指定船舶的吊钩所及之处。

（）5．在品质公差范围内的货物，买方不得要求调整价格。

（）6．某商品每箱体积为30cm×40cm×50cm，毛重为62kgs，净重为59kgs，如果班轮运费计收标准为W/M，则船公司应按尺码吨计收运费。

（）7．海运货物保险中的战争险责任起讫不是采用“仓至仓”，而是仅限于“水面危险”。

（）8．ICC恶意损害险不承保出于政治动机的人的行动所造成的货物的灭失和损害。

（）9．不清洁提单是指带有宣称货物及/或包装有缺陷状况的条款或批注的提单。

如，提单上批注“货物由旧麻袋包装”。

（）10．航空运单和海运单都不是物权凭证，收货人都是凭到货通知提货。

（）11．UCP500规定，信用证修改通知书有多项内容时，只能全部接受或全部拒绝，不能只接受其中一部分而拒绝另一部分。

（）第 1 页共 12 页国际贸易实务12．UCP500规定，在分期装运中任何一期未按规定装运，则本期及以后各期均告失效。

（）13．在国际贸易中，如果买方没有利用合理的机会对所收到的货物进行检验，就是放弃了检验权，也就丧失了拒收货物的权利。

（）14．在国际货物买卖中，如果交易双方愿意将履约中的争议提交仲裁机构裁决，则必须在买卖合同中订立仲裁条款，否则仲裁机构将不予受理。

国际贸易实务英文版第五版易露露答案1、—______ Tom play the piano?—Yes, very well. （）[单选题] *A. Can(正确答案)B. MayC. MustD. Should2、We all wondered（）Tom broke up with his girlfriend. [单选题] *A. thatB. whatC. whoD. why(正确答案)3、Mrs. Black is on her way to England. She will _______ in London on Sunday afternoon. [单选题] *A. reachB. attendC. arrive(正确答案)D. get4、Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people_____harm them. [单选题] *A.more thanB.other thanC.rather than(正确答案)D.better than5、Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life, but is that the only reason _____ they go to school? [单选题] *A. why(正确答案)B. whichC. becauseD. what6、--Jimmy, you are supposed to?_______ your toys now.--Yes, mom. [单选题] *A. put upB. put onC. put away(正确答案)D. put down7、78．According to a report on Daily Mail, it’s on Wednesday（）people start feeling really unhappy. [单选题] *A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that(正确答案)8、The hall in our school is _____ to hold 500 people. [单选题] *A. big enough(正确答案)B. enough bigC. very smallD. very big9、By the end of this month, all this _____. [单选题] *A. is changedB．will changeC. will have changed(正确答案)D. has changed10、I do not have my own room,_____. [单选题] *A. neither does Tom(正确答案)B. neither has TomC. so does TomD. so has Tom11、All he _______ was a coat. [单选题] *A. had on(正确答案)B. had toC. had a restD. had a good time12、Mom is making dinner. It _______ so nice! [单选题] *A. smells(正确答案)B. tastesC. feelsD. sounds13、They will hold the party if they _____ the project on time. [单选题] *A. will completeB. complete(正确答案)C．completedD. had completed14、We often go to the zoo _______ Saturday mornings. [单选题] *A. atB. inC. on(正确答案)D. of15、I run out of money. Could you _______ me some？[单选题] *A. lend(正确答案)B. sellC. borrowD. buy16、It is my _______ to meet you here. [单选题] *A. pleasure(正确答案)B. pleaseC. pleasedD. pleasant17、She often _______ at 21: [单选题] *A. go to bedB. gets upC. goes to bed(正确答案)D. gets to18、I?have to?_______ my younger brother on Sunday. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look upC. take careD. look out19、Nearly two thousand years have passed _____ the Chinese first invented the compass. [单选题] *A. whenB. beforeC. since(正确答案)D. after20、73．The moonlight goes ____ the window and makes the room bright. [单选题] *A．acrossB．through(正确答案)C．overD．in21、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *A. keep onB. keep in touch(正确答案)C. keep upD. keep off22、Is there ____ for one more in the car? [单选题] *A. seatB. situationC. positionD. room(正确答案)23、Finally,I have _____ interesting to share with you,and I am sure you will be interested in it. [单选题] *A. everythingB. something(正确答案)C. nothingD. anything24、56．Sam is in a hurry. Maybe he has got ________ important to do. [单选题] *A．everythingB．nothingC．anythingD．something(正确答案)25、Boys and girls, _______ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营)．[单选题] *A. puttingB. to putC. put(正确答案)D. puts26、The car is _______. It needs washing. [单选题] *A. cleanB. dirty(正确答案)C. oldD. new27、7．—I've got some ________.—Great! I'd like to write with it. [单选题] *A．funB．chalk(正确答案)C．waterD．time28、—Do you know ______ box it is? —It is ______.（）[单选题] *A. who; myB. whose; meC. who; herD. whose; hers(正确答案)29、My father and I often go ______ on weekends so I can ______ very well. （）[单选题] *A. swim; swimmingB. swims; swimC. swimming; swimmingD. swimming; swim(正确答案)30、What’s the price and what sort of _______ do you offer? [单选题] *A. advantageB. accountC. displayD. discount(正确答案)。

第一章练习答案Unit 1 A brief introduction to international tradeI. Answer my questions1. International trade is business whose activities involve the crossing of national borders. It includes not only international trade and foreign manufacturing but also encompasses the growing services industry in areas such as transportation, tourism, banking, advertising, construction, retailing, wholesaling, and mass communications. It includes all business transactions that involve two or more countries. Such business relationship may be private or governmental.2. Sales expansion, resource acquisition and diversification of sales and supplies.3. To gain profit.4. To see out foreign markets and procurement.5. There are four major forms which are the following:Merchandise exports and Imports, Service Exports and Imports, Investment and Multinational Enterprise.6. It is the account which is a summary statement of the flow of all international economic and financial transactions between one nation (eg.the United States ) and the rest of the world over some period of time, usually one year.7. Merchandise Exporting and Importing.8. Yes. There are great differences between them.1) direct investment takes place when control follows the investment. It usually means high commitment of capital, personnel, and technology abroad. It aims at gaining of foreign resources and foreign markets. Direct investment may often get higher foreign sales than exporting. And sometimes it involves two or more parties.2) While portfolio investments are not under control. And they are used primarily for financial purposes. Treasures of companies, for example, routinely more funds from one country to another to get a higher yield on short term investments.9. MNE is the abbreviation of the multinational enterprise. Its synonyms are NNC (the multinational corporation) and TNC (transnational corporation).10. Examples are travel, transport, fee, royalties, dividends and interest.11. The choice of forms is influenced by the objective being pursued and the environments in which the company must operate.12. It is limited by the number of people interested in a firm’s products and services and by customers’ capacity to make purchase.13. This is because at an early stage of international involvement these operations usually take the least commitment and least risk of a firm’s resources.14. Royalties means the payment for use of assets from abroad, such as for trademarks patens,copyrights, or other expertise under contract known as licencing agreements.Royalties are also paid franchising.15. It is a way of doing business in which one party (the franchiser) the use of a trademark that is an essential asset for the franchisers’ business.II Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right1. J2.A3.E4.B5.C6.D7.I8.G9.F 10.HIII Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese1 购买力11经济复苏；恢复2潜在销售量12 经济衰退3加价，涨价13间接投资4国内市场14有形货物5制成品15有形进出口6边际利润16收入及支出；岁入及岁出7市场占有率17超额能力8贸易歧视18贸易中间人（商）；经纪人9时机选择19全部包建的工程承包方式10经销周期20许可证协定IV. Case Study.Batteries called “white elephant” exported from China were very popular in Southeast Asia, but in United States no one was interested in the goods. Why?Batteries called "white elephant" exported from China were very popular in Southeast Asia, because "white elephant" was a lucky thing in Southeast Asia, but no one was interested in it in the market of Europe and the United States. The boss of the company was very strange that the quality of the battery or the price of reasons, so he asked his staff to investigate. Finally he found that is the brand "white elephant" to be blame. The brand's name translated into English was "white elephant" which meant something were no use but cumbersome in Western countries. It was really a bad translation from culture information perspective. The meaning derived from a legend. According to the legend, there was a king who hated a minister, so he gave a white elephant to the minister for punishment. The minister has to take care of the white elephant, he couldn't give it to others or kill it because it's the king gave it to him. However, the appetite of the white elephant was so great, and the minister became poorer. So it showed people in western countries would not buy the battery for the consumers have no willing to buy something useless but cumbersome.V. Please try to find out some cases about cultural differences in doing international business. (Open)VI. Please determine whether the following statements are TRUE or FALES. Then put T for TRUE or F for FALES in the bracket at the end of each statement.1. ( T )2. ( F )3. ( F )4. ( T )5. ( F )6. ( T )7. ( T )8. ( F )9.（T ）10.（T）11.（F）12.（F）13.（T）14.（T）15.（F）Ⅶ.Translate the following into English1.Trade is often said to be the "engine" of development. Although this analogy is too simple, itdoes illustrate the importance of foreign trade in economic development. Although the healthy growth of exports is not always sufficient for rapid and sustained economic growth, it is undeniable that there is a positive and close link between the two. The role of trade development in economic growth is manifested in many ways. Among them are: the benefits of professional division of labor, the role of international competition in promoting domestic economic efficiency and the ability to pay for the import of goods needed for development, as well as more generally , the encouragement of investment and entrepreneurship.2.International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced by one country withgoods and services produced by another country. In addition to the visible trade, that is, the import and export of goods and cargos, there are also invisible trade, which refers to the exchange of labor between countries. Countries such as Greece and Norway, which have vast maritime fleets and provide transport services, reflect a form of invisible trade. For some countries, invisible trade is just as important as raw materials and commodity exports for some other countries. In both cases, these countries can make money to buy the goods they need.3.International trade is varied in a variety of ways. Underwriting refers to the seller , in aparticular area and within a certain period of time , to give foreign customers the exclusive right to sell the designated commodity trade. In this deal, the goods are taken over by the underwriter, sold on their own and are self-financing. This is different from a commission-only agent, and because the underwriter enjoys a franchise in a particular area, making it distinct from the general sale and purchase agreement.4.No country in the world can produce all the products it needs, so all countries participate inthe international division of labor for effective production and reproduction. Sometimes , a country can buy goods and services abroad from a barter, which refers to the exchange of onegood for another and not for money. Barter trade by itself is not enough to meet the needs ofa country's imports. However, as a mode of trade, it is attractive to developing countries thathave a shortage of foreign exchange or shortage of inflow of foreign capital to meet the demand for foreign trade.Ⅷ. Multiple Choices1-5 D D A D B 6-10 A A A B A第二章练习答案Unit 2 General Procedures of Export and Import TransactionI. Answer the following questions1.Please tell us the procedures of international trade.The procedures of an export or import business are so complicated that it may take quite a long time to conclude a transaction. Varied and complicated procedures have to be gone through in the course of export or import transaction. From the very beginning to the end of the transaction, the whole operation generally undergoes four stages: preparing for exporting or importing, business negotiation, implementation of the contract, and settlement of disputes(if any). Each stage covers some specific steps. Since the expo rt and import trades are two sides of the same coin, and one country’s export is another country’s import.2.What are the parties involved in export and import transaction?The parties who are involved in export and import transactions are numerous and can be described as variously. The basic parties are the buyer who purchases the goods and the seller who provides the goods.3.What are the specialists involved in export and import transaction?Many specialists may be involved in export and import transaction, including:(1) A shipping agent and /or foreign forwarder (forwarding agent) will take responsibility for the documentation and arrange for the goods to be shipped by air, sea, rail or road. These services may be carried out by the supplier’s own export department, if they have the expertise.(2) Airlines, shipping lines, railway companies or haulage contractors will actual transport the goods.(3) Both the importer’s and exporter’s banks will be involved in arranging payments if a letter of credit or bill of exchange is used.(4) Customs and Excise officers may need to examine the goods, check import or export licensing and charge duty and /or V AT.(5) A chamber of Commerce may need to issue a Certificate of Origin, if this is required by the importer’s country.(6) An insurance company insures goods in transit.(7) A lawyer if a special contract has to be drawn up.4. What are the documents needed in export and import transaction?An import/export transaction usually requires a lot of complicated documents because it is difficult to make many different arrangements when one firm is dealing with another on the other side of the world. The number and type of documents needed depend on the specific requirements of the exporter and importer. Generally, the documents needed include:(1) Bill of Lading.(2) Commercial Invoice.(3) Proforma Invoice.(4) Consular Invoice.(5) Packing List.(6) Weight Memo.(7) Certificate of Inspection.(8) Certificate of Origin.(9) Insurance Policy (Certificate).(10) Sales Contract.(11) Sales Confirmation.II. Filling the blanks with the suitable words in the text:1.meeting/satisfying;2.agent, foreign/overseas;mission;4.own;5.setting;6.patent;7.profits;8.outlets; 9.joint, venture; 10.subsidiaryIII. J udge the following statement, mark True (T) or False(F)1F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.F 10. T 11. T 12.F 13. T 14. F 15.TIV. Explain the meaning of the words or phrases below as requested1. Offer: An offer is a proposal made by sellers to buyers in order to enter into the contract.2. Withdrawal: It means an offer by the offerer has been withdrawn before it is reached to the offeree in order to prevent its entry into force.3. Enquiry: An enquiry is a request for business information, such as price lists, catalogue, samples, and details of the goods or trade terms. It can be made either by the importer or the exporter.4. Acceptance: Acceptance is a statement made by other conduct of the offerees indicating unconditional consent to an offer.5. Shipping agent: Shipping agent(船代）is a ship owner's representative whose job is to find the ships to carry.V. Compose a letter of enquiry with the following particulars:Messrs. Arthur Grey & Son,19 Cheapside,London, E.C.2Dear Sirs,We have obtained your name and address from China Council for Promotion of International Trade and learned that you are one of the leading exporters of Ice Box in your district.We are now interested in 100 sets of the said article and should be pleased if you would let us know whether you can supply us with the quantity and quality we desire. Please quote us your best price on CIF Guangzhou basis. When offering, please state clearly terms of payment, time of delivery, packing conditions together with illustrated catalogue for our consideration.We are looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully,VI. Please make your offer according to the following particulars:Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of 5th May. We are glad to learn of the inquiries you have had from your customers for our raincoats. Our "D.D." range is particularly suitable for warm climates, and during the past years we have supplied this range to dealers in several tropical countries, from many of whom we have already had repeated orders. This range is popular not only because it is light in weight,but also because the material used has been specially treated to prevent excessive condensation on the inside surface.For the quantities you mention we are pleased to quote as follows:"D.D." Raincoats100 men's medium @ US$14.50 US$ 1,450100 men's small 14.0 1,400100 women's medium 13.2 1,320100 women's small 12.7 1,270US$ 5,440Payment: by irrevocable L/C at sightShipment: Shipment will be effected within three or four weeks after receiving the L/C.This offer is subject to our final confirmation. We feel you may be interested in our other products and enclose some pamphlets for your reference.We are awaiting your early orders.Yours sincerely,VII. Write a counter-offer according to the following particulars:Dear Sirs,We thank you for your quotation May 10 for 1,000 sets of Hair IceBox. We find your price as well as delivery date satisfactory, however, we would give our suggestions of an alternation of your payment terms.Our past purchase of other household electrical appliances from you has been paid as a rule by confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit at sight. On the basis, it has indeed cost us a great deal. From the moment to open credit till the time our buyers pay us, the tie-up of our funds lasts about four months. Under the present circumstances, this question is particular taxing owing to the tight money condition and unprecedentedly high bank interests.In view of our long business relations and our amicable cooperation prospects, we suggest that you accept either “cash against documents on arrival of goods” or “drawing on us at 60 day’s sight”.Your first priority to the consideration of the above request and an early favorable reply will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely,VIII. Case StudyQuestions:(1) What is your opinion? Give the reasons to support your opinion.(2) How to prevent such dispute?(1) The first letter of Company A and Company B can be considered as an offer, during which Company A made a request for packaging. While Company B modified the terms of the offer, which can be considered as a counter offer or a new offer. After the counter offer was issued by Company B, Company A did not reply. Although it indicated that it was bound by the offer of the company B, yet Company A did not expressly accept to Company B,(2)At this time , the contract is not established. Therefore, Company B refused to honor the contract on this ground. Company A would fall into the passive status. In order to avoid this situation, Company A, in receipt of the B Company's offer, should promptly accept it.Ⅸ.Multiple Choices1. BCE2. AB3. BCD4. ABE5. ADE6. BCDE7. CD8. ABC9. ABC 10. ABC第三章练习答案Unit 3 Contracts for the International Sale of GoodsI. Translate the followings from Chinese into English:1 terms of payment2 written form of contract3 execution of the contract4 sales contract5 purchase confirmation6 terms of transaction7 trading partners 8 the setting up of a contract9 trade agreement 10 consignment contract11 the contract proper 12 extension of the contract13 the contracting parties 14 special clause15 general terms and conditionsII. Answer the following questions in English:1 A contract is an agreement which sets forth bind obligations of the relevant parties. And any part that fails to fulfill his contractual obligations may be sued and forced to make compensation.2 There are two parties of business contract negotiations: oral and written. The former refers to direct discussions abroad; written negotiations often begin with enquiries made by the buyers.3 A written contract is generally prepared and signed as the proof of the agreement and as the basis for its execution. A sales or purchase confirmation is less detailed than a contract, covering only the essential terms of the transaction. It is usually used for smaller deals or between familiar trade partners.4 The setting up of a contract is similar to that of a trade agreement or any other type of formal agreements. It generally contains: 1) the title. The type of the contract is indicated in the title; 2) the contract proper. It is the main part of a contract; 3) the signature of the contracting parties indicating their status as the seller or the buyer; 4) the stipulations on the back of the contract and are equally binding upon the contracting parties.5 It generally contains the time of shipment, the mode of payment described in addition to an exact description of the goods including the quantity, quality, specifications, packing methods, insurance,commodity inspection, claims, arbitration and force majeure, etc.III. Translate the following into Chinese:合同是在双方达成协议的基础上制定的，而协议又是双方进行商务谈判的结果。

国际贸易实务英文版课后练习题含答案Exercise 11.What is the difference between import and export? three commonly traded goods in international trade.3.What are trade barriers?4.List three advantages of international trade.5.What is the WTO and what is its purpose?Answers:1.Import refers to the purchase of goods or services fromanother country while export refers to the sale of goods orservices to another country.2.Examples of commonly traded goods in international tradeinclude oil, automobiles, and electronics.3.Trade barriers are government policies or regulations thatrestrict international trade, such as tariffs, quotas, andembargoes.4.Advantages of international trade include increased economicgrowth, access to a wider range of goods and services, andincreased competition which can lead to lower prices.5.The WTO, or World Trade Organization, is an internationalorganization that regulates and promotes international trade among member countries. Its purpose is to ensure that trade flowssmoothly, predictably, and freely as possible.Exercise 21.What is the difference between an open economy and a closedeconomy?2.What is a balance of trade? three factors that can influence a country’s balanceof trade.4.What is a trade deficit?5.What are the consequences of a trade deficit?Answers:1.An open economy is one that engages in international tradeand allows foreign investment while a closed economy is one that does not engage in international trade or allow foreign investment.2.Balance of trade refers to the difference between acountry’s exports and its imports during a specific time period.3.Factors that can influence a country’s balance of tradeinclude political stability, currency exchange rates, and trade policies such as tariffs and subsidies.4.A trade deficit occ urs when a country’s imports exceed itsexports.5.The consequences of a trade deficit can include a decreasein a country’s currency value, increased borrowing from foreign countries, and a loss of jobs in the domestic economy.Exercise 31.What is the difference between absolute advantage andcomparative advantage?2.Give an example of a country that has an absolute advantagein producing a specific good.3.What is the basis for comparative advantage?4.Expln the concept of opportunity cost and how it relates tocomparative advantage.5.How can a country benefit from specializing in theproduction of goods in which it has a comparative advantage? Answers:1.Absolute advantage exists when a country can produce a goodmore efficiently than another country while comparative advantage exists when a country can produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another country.2.For example, Saudi Arabia has an absolute advantage inproducing oil due to its abundance of natural resources andadvanced technology.3.The basis for comparative advantage is the idea thatcountries should specialize in producing goods in which they havea lower opportunity cost compared to other goods.4.Opportunity cost refers to the value of the next bestalternative that is given up in order to pursue a particularaction. It relates to comparative advantage because a countryshould produce the goods in which it has a comparative advantage and trade for goods in which it does not have a comparativeadvantage.5.A country can benefit from specializing in the production ofgoods in which it has a comparative advantage by increasingefficiency and productivity, leading to lower costs and increased competitiveness in international trade.。

Chapter 1I .YES，Please refer to the 1st paragraph of the text.II. 流动性过剩自给自足经济资源直接投资国际收支易货交易出口退税倾销出口型经济增长东道国贸易差额贸易顺差／贸易逆差欧盟国际收支顺差／国际收支逆差有形贸易无形贸易货物贸易服务贸易excess liquidity self-sufficienteconomic resources direct investment balance of payments barterexport tax rebate dumpingexport-driven economic growth host country balance of tradefavorable/unfavorable balance of trade European Unionfavorable/unfavorable balance of payments visible trade invisible trade trade in goods trade in serv icesIIIThe chart above shows the U.S. imports from China, U.S. exports to China and the trade balance. The U.S. has a negative trade balance with China, and it has been growing. During the period fro m 1997 to 2003, imports from China have grown 244% while exports to China have grown 221%, indicating that the trade deficit is increasing. There had already been a sizeable trade balance defi cit with China in 1996, totaling $ 39.5 billion at the end of the year. IV1. Export goods are tangible goods sent out of countries.2. Trade in services are international earnings other than those derived from the exporting and i mporting of tangible goods.3. Import goods are tangible goods brought in.4. International trade is all business transactions that involve two or more countries.5. FDI is one t hat gives the investor a controlling interest in a foreign company.6. Investment is used primarily as financial means for a company to earn more money on its mo ney with relative safety. V1. International trade is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and/or services across national boundaries. It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and s ale of both visible and invisible goods.2. In today's complex economic world, neither individuals nor nations are self-sufficient. Nations participate in the international trade for many reasons. As to the economic rea sons, no nation has all of the economic resources (land, labor and capital) that it needs to develop i ts economy and culture, and no country enjoys a particular item sufficient enough to meet its need s. As for the preference reasons, international trade takes place because of innovation of style. Be sides, every nation can specialize in a certain field and enjoy a comparative advantage in some par ticular area in terms of trade so that they need to do business with each other to make use of resour ces more efficiently and effectively.3. In measuring the effectiveness of global trade, nations carefully follow two key indicators, na mely, balance of trade and balance of payments.4. FDI, the abbreviation form Foreign Direct Investment, means buying of permanent property a nd business in foreign nations. It occurs when acquisition of equity interest in a foreign company is trade. The great significance of FDI for China might be that: FDI solve the problem of capital s hortage for China so that China may spend the money on importing advanced equipment and technologies for its infrastructure, national supporting industry, key projects, etc.Chapter 2 I关税壁垒非关税壁垒从量税配额保护性关税市场失灵幼稚产业许可证制度财政关税政府采购贸易保护主义从价税最低限价本地采购规则增加内需Domestic content Red-tape barriers Export subsidies Binding quota Absolute quotas VERTariff-rate quotas Zero quota"Buy local" rules Tariff barriers non-tariff barriers specific duties quotaprotective tariff market failure infant industry licensing system Revenue tariffgovernment procurement trade protectionism Ad Valorem Duties floor price"buy local" rulesraise domestic demand 国内含量进口环节壁垒出口补贴绑定配额绝对配额自愿出口限制关税配额零配额本地采购原则II1. Protectionism means the deliberate use or encouragement of restrictions on imports to enable re latively inefficient domestic producers to compete successfully with foreign producers. 保护主义是指蓄意使用或鼓励进口限制，以此使本国相对效率低的产品能成功地和外国产品竞争。

外贸英语试题a及答案外贸英语试题A一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The company has been ________ in the international market for many years.A. competingB. competedC. competitionD. competitor答案：A2. We are looking for a reliable ________ to handle our export business.A. agentB. agencyC. agency'sD. agents答案：A3. The ________ of the product is very important for our company's reputation.A. qualityB. quantityC. priceD. brand答案：A4. Please send us your ________ for the new order.A. quotationB. questionC. informationD. suggestion答案：A5. The ________ of the goods has been delayed due to bad weather.A. shipmentB. shippingC. shipD. shipped答案：A6. We are ________ to negotiate the terms of the contract.A. willingB. unwillingC. unableD. unabled答案：A7. The ________ of the trade agreement will be announced next week.A. signatureB. signC. signingD. signed答案：C8. Our company has a ________ policy regarding late payments.A. strictB. strictedC. stricterD. strictest答案：A9. The ________ of the shipment is expected to be completed by the end of this month.A. loadingB. loadC. loadedD. loads答案：A10. We need to ________ the contract before we can proceed with the transaction.A. signC. signedD. signing答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每题3分）阅读下列短文，然后回答后面的问题。

外贸英语试卷AⅠ、Give the equivalents for the following terms (40’)1、仲裁n.2、投标n.,v.3、对销贸易4、争议n.5、不可抗力6、期货贸易7、招标8、投保9、国内贸易10、货币转换11、贸易术语12、单据交易13、进口许可14、出口许可15、商业发票16、合同17、海关手续18、保险费19、使简单化v. 20、到达合同21、装运合同22、散装货23、约定重量24、公量25、收货人26、发货人27、对等样品28、承兑n.29、毛重30、裸装货31、品质机动幅度32、品质公差33、以说明买卖34以样品买卖35、光船租船36、分批装运37、定程租船38、定期租船39、运价表，海关n. 40、超长度附加费41、停泊期，受载期n. 42、背书，签注（文件）n. 43、速遣费44、滞期费n.45、租船合同46、提单47、包机运输48、班机运输49、实际全损50、平安险51、推定全损52、水渍险53、共同海损54、一切险55、单独海损56、保险单57、意外事故58、海上损失59、搁浅n.,v. 60、佣金n.61、CIF liner terms 62、the ship’s rail 63、symbolic delivery 64、CFR Ex tackle 65、packing clause 66、additional mark 67、warning mark 68、MT 69、shipping marks 70、clean B/L 71、Order B/L 72、F.P.A 73、W.P.A 74、EXW 75、open policy 76、flexible pricing 77、clean credit 78、D/D 79、M/T 80、T/TⅡ、Fill in the blanks in the following sentences.(15’)1、_______ represents the minimum obligation undertaken by the seller, while ______ representsthe minimum obligation undertaken by the buyer.2、_______ refers to the average level of the export commodity within a certain period of time.3、Preference of people, their custom and tradition _______ a very important role in the packingof goods for consumption.4、________ means that the seller may deliver the goods with a certain percentage more or lessin quantity according to the agreed quantity latitude.5、We’d like to designate Hong Kong as the ________port, because it’s easy to for us to arrangethe vessels.6、The most obvious advantage of air freight is of course the _______ of delivery.7、The basic insurance under the PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses is classified into threeconditions: _______, ________, and ________.8、__________ means that the insured cargo is totally and irretrievably lost and damaged.9、__________ is the currency used for price calculation in contract.10、Money of payment is the currency for _________.11、The unit price is composed of the following parts: measuring unit, unit price figure, money of account, ________, discount and ________.Ⅲ、Calculation (10’+15’)1、A set of instruments are to be exported from Dalian to London, gross weight is 10 metric tons,USD200 per freight ton, calculating on WT. Port surcharge is USD20 per freight ton and 30% heavy lift additional is charged for the set. Please calculate the liner freight.2、A Chinese company exported his goods to an American trader. The contract stipulated: quantityis 100M/TS, and USD1000 per metric ton CIF New York. The seller covered W.P.A and shortage for the invoice value plus 10%. The premium rate is 0.3% and 0.2% respectively.Please calculate the insurance amount and the premium payable to the insurer.Ⅳ、Case analysis (10’+10’)1、One import and export company exported a batch of goods under CIF term. The sellerdelivered the goods on board the vessel on time and made out all necessary documents. But the vessel stranded and sank in a few hours after departure. The next day, when the seller asked for payment with all set of documents in conformity with the contract, but the buyer refused to accept the documents and rejected payment because his goods have been lost.Question: is it reasonable for the buyer to do so? Why?(Translate the case into Chinese and then answer the question)Helpful hints: The case is mainly about the CIF term.2、In a sales contract of tinned goods, the contract stipulateds:24,000tins of goods shall bepacked in 1000 cases, 500 grams each tin and 24 tins in a wooden case. When the buyer received the goods, he found the goods were packed in 500 cases, 48 tins each case, and 500 grams each tin. The buyer rejected the goods.Question: does the buyer have the right to do so?(Translate the case into Chinese and then answer the question)Helpful hint: the case is mainly about packing clause in a contact.外贸英语A 答案Ⅰ、Give the equivalents for the following terms (40’)1. arbitration2.bid3. counter trade4. dispute5. force majeure6. future trading7. invitation for bids8. take out insurance9. domestic trade 10. monetary conversion 11. trade terms 12. document transaction 13. import license 14. export license 15. commercial invoice 16. contract 17. customs formality 18. insurance premium 19. simplify 20. arrival contract 21. shipment contract 22. bulk commodity23. computed tare 24. conditioned weight 25. consignee 26. consignor27. counter sample 28. acceptance 29. gross weight 30. nude packed goods31. quality latitude 32. quality tolerance 33. sale by description 34. sale by sample 35. bareboat charter 36. partial shipment 37. voyage charter 38. time charter39. tariff 40. over length additional 41. laydays 42. endorsement43. dispatch money 44. demurrage 45. charter party 46. bill of lading47. chartered airline 48. scheduled airline 49. actual total loss50. free from particular average 51. constructive total loss 52. with particular average 53. General average 54. all risks 55. particular average 56. insurance policy 57. fortuitous accident 58. marine loss 59. strand 60. commission61. CIF 班轮条件62. 船舷63. 象征性交货64. CFR 吊钩下交货65. 包装条款66. 附加标志67. 警示性标志68. 公吨69. 嘜头70. 清洁提单71. 指示性提单72. 平安险73. 水渍险74. 工厂交货75.预约保险76.灵活定价77.光票信用证78.即付汇票79.信汇80.电汇Ⅱ、Fill in the blanks in the following sentences.(15’)10、EXW, DDP11、 F.A.Q.12、play13、More or less clause14、loading15、speed16、 F.P.A., W.P.A., and All risks.17、Actual total loss18、Money of account10、settlement.11、trade terms, commission.Ⅲ、Calculation (10’+15’)1、Solution: The basic freight : 200 x 10 = USD2000Additional fees : 2000 x 30% + 20 x 10 = USD800Total freight : 2000 + 800 =USD28002、Solution: The insurance amount = CIF x (1+ makeup percentage)= 1000 x 100 x (1+ 10%)= USD 110000Premium = insurance amount x premium rate= USD110000 x (0.2%+0.3%)= USD550Ⅳ、Case analysis (10’+10’)1、翻译：一进出口公司按照CIF 条件出口一批货物。