第1章切削加工基础知识1.1 切削加工概述
切削cutting;
加工machining;
金属切削metal cutting (metal removal);
金属切削工艺metal-removal process;
金属工艺学technology of metals;
机器制造machine-building;
机械加工machining;
冷加工cold machining；
热加工hot working;
工件workpiece;
切屑chip;
常见的加工方法universal machining method;
钻削drilling;
镗削boring;
车削turning；
磨削grinding;
铣削milling;
刨削planning;
插削slotting ;
锉filing ;
划线lineation;
錾切carving;
锯sawing;
刮削facing;
钻孔boring;
攻丝tap;
1.2 零件表面构成及成形方法
变形力deforming force;
变形deformation;
几何形状geometrical;
尺寸dimension ;
精度precision;
表面光洁度surface finish;
共轭曲线conjugate curve;
范成法generation method;
轴shaft;
1.3 机床的切削运动及切削要素
主运动main movement;
主运动方向direction of main movement;
进给方向direction of feed;
进给运动feed movement;
合成进给运动resultant movement of feed;
合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting;
合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting ; 切削速度cutting speed;
传动drive/transmission;
切削用量cutting parameters;
切削速度cutting speed;
切削深度depth of cut;
进给速度feed force;
切削功率cutting power;
1.4 金属切削刀具
合金工具钢alloy tool steel;
高速钢high-speed steel;
硬质合金hard alloy;
易加工ease of manufacturing ;
切削刀具cutting tool;
刀具cutter;
车刀lathe tool;
主切削刃main cutting edge;
副切削刃assistant cutting edge;
刀体tool body ;
刀柄tool shank;
前刀面rake face;
主后刀面major flank;
刀尖nose of tool;
主剖面系tool orthogonal plane system;
切削平面tool cutting edge plane;
主剖面tool orthogonal plane;
切削宽度width of the uncut chip;
进给平面系assumed working plane system; 加工表面transient surface;
前角rake angle;
后角clearance angle;
主偏角tool cutting edge angle;
刀尖角nose angle;
1.5 刀具切削过程及磨削机理
塑性变形plastic distortion;
微观组织，显微结构microstructure ; 切削力cutting force;
切削温度cutting temperature;
积屑瘤built-up edge;
刀尖磨损nose wear;
月牙洼crater;
残留应力residual stress;
应力stress;
硬度rigidity;
磨削grinding;
砂轮grinding wheel;
磨粒grain;
剪切shear;
摩擦friction;
内力internal force ;
1.6~1.8 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择加工精度machining accuracy;
表面质量surface finish;
工艺性能technological performance;
材料切削加工性指标machinability index of material;
切削液cutting fluid ;
切削油cutting oil;
1.9 件的装夹及夹具
定位梢dowel;
定位allocation;
机床夹具jig;
组装线Assembly line;
机械零件mechanical parts;
钳工locksmith；
精加工finish machining;
粗加工rough machining;
气动夹紧pneuma-lock;
同心，同心度concentricity ;
垂直度perpendicular;
基准benchmark;
基准线reference line;
夹具fixture;
通用夹具universal fixture;
