民法总则 英文版
Title: General Principles of Civil Law
General Principles of Civil Law
Chapter 1: General Provisions
Article 1: This Law is enacted for the purpose of protecting civil rights and interests,
properly regulating civil relations and maintaining social and economic order.
Article 2: Citizens, legal persons, and other organizations shall have civil rights and
bear civil obligations in accordance with the law.
Article 3: Civil rights include personal rights and property rights. Personal rights are
inherent rights that individuals possess and enjoy, such as the right to life, health, and
personal dignity. Property rights refer to the rights of individuals and other organizations
to possess, use, profit from, and dispose of their own property in accordance with the law.
Article 4: Civil obligations are the legal liabilities that citizens, legal persons, and
中国对外关系法 英文对照
The Foreign Relations Law of China, which was enacted in 1989
and amended in 2020, serves as a comprehensive legal framework
for China's external relations. This law outlines the principles,
objectives, and mechanisms for conducting diplomatic activities,
promoting peaceful coexistence, and safeguarding national
interests on the international stage. This article aims to provide a
reference guide by briefly explaining the key provisions of the
Foreign Relations Law of China in English.
Chapter I: General Provisions
This chapter establishes the basic principles of China's foreign
relations, including respect for sovereignty, equality, and non-interference in internal affairs. It also emphasizes the promotion of
world peace, common development, and the establishment of a
new international political and economic order based on
1 新《公司法》(英文版法条) Company Law of the People's Republic of China (The Company Law of the People’s Republic of China has been amended and adopted by the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on October 27, 2005. This Law, as amended, is hereby promulgated and will come into force on January 1, 2006.) Chapter One: General Provisions Chapter Two: Incorporation and Organizational Structure of a Limited Liability Company Section One Incorporation Section Two Organizational Structure Section Three Special Provisions on One-Person Limited Liability Companies Section Four Special Provisions on Wholly State-owned Companies Chapter Three: Share Transfer of a Limited Liability Company Chapter Four: Establishment and Organizational Structure of a Joint Stock Limited Company Section One Establishment Section Two General Meeting of Shareholders Section Three Board of Directors and General Manager Section Four Board of Supervisors Chapter Five Issue and Transfer of Shares of Joint Stock Limited Companies 2 Section One Issue of Shares Section Two Assignment Of Shares Chapter Six: Qualifications and Obligations of Directors, Supervisors and Senior Officers Chapter Seven: Company Bonds Chapter Eight : Financial and Accounting Affairs of Company Chapter Nine:Merger and Division of Company, Increase and Decrease of Registered Capital Chapter Ten: Dissolution and Liquidation of Company Chapter Eleven : Branch of Foreign Company Chapter Twelve: Legal Liabilities Chapter Thirteen : Supplementary Provisions Chapter One: General Provisions Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to standardize the organization and activities of companies, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of companies, shareholders and creditors, to maintain the socio-economic order and to promote the development of the socialist market economy. Article 2 The term 'company' referred to in this Law means a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company incorporated within the territory of the People's Republic of China in accordance with this Law. 3 Article 3 A company is an enterprise legal person that shall enjoy the right to the entire independent property of the legal person. A company shall be liable for its debts to the extent of all its assets. In the case of a limited liability company, shareholders shall assume liability towards the company to the extent of their respective capital contributions. In the case of a joint stock limited company, shareholders shall assume liability towards the company to the extent of their respective shareholdings. Article 4 The shareholders of a company shall enjoy such rights as benefiting from assets of the company, making major decisions and selecting managerial personnel in accordance with the law. Article 5 In conducting its business, a company must abide by laws and administrative rules and regulations, observe social morals and business ethics, conduct businesses in good faith, subject itself to the supervision of the government and the public and fulfill social responsibilities. The company's lawful rights and interests are protected by law and shall not be infringed upon. Article 6 A company shall apply to the company registration authority for establishment registration. Companies meeting the conditions set by this Law shall be registered as limited liability companies or joint stock limited companies; while companies failing to meet the conditions set by this Law shall not be registered as limited liability companies or joint stock limited companies. Where laws, administrative rules and regulations provide that incorporation of companies must be subject to examination and approval, the procedures of examination and approval 4 shall be completed according to law prior to the registration of such companies. The public may inquire about registration items from the company registration authority. The company registration authority shall provide such inquiry service. Article 7 The company registration authority shall grant registration and issue a business license to a company that is established in accordance with the law. The date of the issuance of the company business license shall be the date of the incorporation of the company. The business license shall specify the name and domicile of the company, registered capital, paid-in capital, business scope, the name of the legal representative, etc. In the event of any change to the registration item of the business license, a company shall undergo alteration registration procedures with the company registration authority in accordance with the law, after which a new business license shall be issued to the company. Article 8 A limited liability company established according with this Law must clearly indicate the words 'limited liability company' in its name. A joint stock limited company established according to this Law must clearly indicate the words 'joint stock limited company' or ‘joint stock company’ in its name. Article 9 If a limited liability company is to be converted into a joint stock limited company, it shall satisfy the requirements for a joint stock limited company stipulated by this Law. If a joint stock limited company is to be converted into a limited liability company, it shall satisfy the requirements for a limited liability company stipulated by this Law. Where a limited liability company is converted into a joint stock limited company or vice versa, the claims and debts of the original company shall be succeeded to by the company into which it is converted. Article 10
专利法中英对照
Patent Law (中华人民共和国专利法)
Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 总则
Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the
Constitution in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of
patentees, to encourage invention and innovation, to promote the
application and popularization of inventions, and to contribute to
the development of the socialist market economy.
第一条 为了保护专利权人的合法权益，鼓励发明创造，推动发明的应用和推广，有利于社会主义市场经济的发展，根据宪法制定本法。
Article 2 The term "patent" as used in this Law refers to a legally
recognized exclusive right granted to an inventor or creator for his
or her invention-creation in the fields of technology and design, for
which a patent application has been filed and a patent has been
granted.
第二条 本法所称专利，是指依照本法规定，由国家给予发明人或设计人在技术和设计领域内，因其提出专利申请并经审查合格后而享有的法律保护的排他权利。
Article 3 The granting and protection of patents shall abide by the
