上海交大附中学10-11学年度高一英语下学期期中考试(无答案)

上海市交大附中08-09学年高一下学期期中考试（英语）上海交大附中0-09学年学期满分100分分钟完成答案一律写在答题纸上命题审核I Listening Comprehension 24Part A Short Conversation 10Direction In part A you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation a questionwill be asked about what was said Each conversation and questionwill be spoken only once After you hear a conversation and the question about it read the four possible answers and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard1 A Having an interview B Fillingout a formC Talking with his friendD Asking for information2 A In Canada B In England C In BrazilD In Egypt3 A Going through the customs at an airport B At a railway stationC At a bus stationD At a supermarket4 A Because she wanted to talk with her husbandB Because she wanted to call her husbandC Because she wanted to ask her husband about somethingD Because she wanted to know whether her husband was in his office or not5 A He is happy B He is upsetC He is angryD He is tired and impatient6 A The length of the Canal B The height of the CanalC The width of the CanalD The scenery of the Canal7 A He painted it by himself B it needs to be paintedC It isnt beautifully paintedD He hired his brother to paint it8 A Its awfully dull B Its really excitingC Its very exhaustingD Its quite challenging9 A Go on with the game B Draw pictures on the computerC Review his lessonsD Have a good rest10 A They are both anxious to try Italian foodB They are likely to have dinner togetherC The man will treat the woman to dinner tonightD The woman refuses to have dinner with the manPart B Passage 6Direction In part B you will hear two short passages and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages The passages will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once When you hear a question read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one could be the best answer to the question you have heardQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11 A The number of students they take in is limitedB They receive little or no support from public taxesC They are only open to children from rich familiesD They have to pay more taxes12 A Private schools admit more studentsB Private schools charge less than religious schoolsC Private schools run a variety of programsD Private schools allow students to enjoy more freedom13 A The churches B The programdesignersC The local authoritiesD The state governmentQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14 A Anxious and worried B Proud and excitedC Nervous and confusedD Inspired and confident15 A His father scolded him severelyB His father took back the six dollarsC His father made him do the cutting againD His father cut the leaves himself16 A One can benefit a lot from working with his fatherB Manual laborers shouldnt be looked down uponC One should always do his job earnestlyD Teenagers tend to be carelessPart C Longer Conversations 8Direction In Part C you will hear two longer conversations Each conversation will be read twice After each conversation you are required to fulfill the task by filling in the numbered blanks with the information you have heardNumbered blanks 17 through 20 are based on the followingconversationWhat time will Mr Black be back Hell be back at___17_____ Where does Dan hope to meet Mr Black InRoom 1415 on the ___18___floor in the__19___ Hotel WhatsDans phone number His number is ___20______ Completethe form Write ONE WORD for each answerNumbered blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversationHas James ever been to Sydney before This isthe____21____ that James has visited Sydney When does James intend to visit the Sydney Opera House He intends to visit it ___22_______ IsDarling Harbor a shopping center No its a big _____23_______ What kind of bus can take James to see the attractionsof the city He shall take ____24_____ to go thereComplete the form Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS foreach answerⅡ Grammar and Vocabulary 28Section ADirections Beneath each of the following sentences thereare four choices marked A B C and D Choose the one answer thatbest completes the sentence25 ______ it is to jump into the water in hot summerA What funB How funnyC What a funD How fun26 Who is your class teacher going to _______ a picture for the wall newspaper in the classroomA have drawB has drawnC have drawnD has draw27 The lawyer stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy saying he was not the one _______A blamedB to be blamedC to blameD blaming28 Tim Beamers-Lee is generally considered _______ the World Wide Web on which all the information is shared by allA to have foundedB having foundedC to foundD founding29 About 23 of the world population watched Beijing Olympic events making the Games the most ______ in historyA watchingB having watchedC watchedD to watch30 Many times people lie _____ the feelings of other people and theres nothing wrong with thatA to be protectedB to protect Cprotecting D being protected31 I hadnt expected Martin to apologize to me for what hehad done but I had hoped _____A him to call onB that he calledC him calling meD that he would call me32 While building a tunnel through the mountain _________A an underground lake was discoveredB there was an underground lake discoveredC a lake was discoveredD the workers discovered an underground lake33 The strong wind caused the fire which apparently had beenset by somebody _________ quickly across the fieldＡ to spread Ｂ spread C spreadingD to spreading34 It is no good _____ to come now He is busyA asking himB to ask himC if you ask himD that you ask him35 His attitude suggested that he _______ interest in whathe was doingA should lackB be in lack ofC was lack ofD lacked36 As water may offer us many different experiences whenits mixed with tea lemon or milk _____ love may be experienced in many blended contextsA andB butC whileD so37 _______on the new definition of a planet in August 2006 Pluto is no longer a planetA Being basedB To baseC BasedDHaving based38 ______ our research department and you can get further informationA ContactingB ContactC Contacting withD Contact with39 They ______ breathe as someone walked past the door in heavy stepsA dont dareB dared not toC hardly daredD dare not to40 The manager _____that the new employees go through professional training before they started workingA promisedB insistedC resistedD assisted41 Dorothy is the teachers pet not because she has a fine record but because she is ________A respectableB respectfulC timidD respective42 Those T-shirts are usually 35 each but today they havea ______ price of 19 in the shopping CenterA regularB specialC cheapD particular43 Its the present situation in poor area that ______ much higher spending on education and trainingA answers forB provides forC calls forD plans forSection BDirections Complete the following passage by using the words in the box Each word can only be used once Note that there is one word more than you needbeliefs B sharply C average D competing E recognize AE reducedAD equipment AC medical AB increasingly BC hesitateLast years US Census showed that the __44____ age of American citizens is rising Since 1970 when the last American census was completed the birth has continued to fall __45___ in the United States and the number of Americans over age 65 has risen by 28 Experts believe that _46____ progress willpermit more and more Americans to live longer in the years ahead This means that as a group older citizens will play an __47____ important part in American lifeThe influence of many of these older Americans already can be seen Today those over 65 are healthier better educated and more active than at any other time in American history And there are rapidly changing traditional __48____that to be old is to be sick or weak or helpless Today men in their 70s are ___49___ in long distance running races Motion picture films now have leading parts for actors and actresses in their 80s Todays older Americans also are spending large amounts of money for everything from study to long distance travel More and more businesses now __50___ their economic importance Travel service restaurant stores and transportation systems are offering __51___ prices for those over 65 Special sports _52___ and beauty products are being designed for older citizensIII Reading Comprehension 33Section ADirections For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A B C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the contextWhy is setting goals important Because goals can help you do be and experience everything you want in life __53____ just letting life happen to you goals allow you to make your life happenSuccessful people _54___ how their life should be and set lots of goals By setting goals you are __55___ your life Its like having a _56____ to show you where you want to go Think of it this way There are __57___ drivers One has a destination in mind her goal which can be found on a map She can drive straight there without any _58_____ time or wrong turns The other driver has no goals or destination or map She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver __59___ she drives aimlessly around never getting anywhere just _60___ gas Which driver do you want to beWinners in life set goals and follow through on them They decide what they want in life and then get there by making __61___ and setting goals __62___ people just let life happen by accident Goals arent difficult to setand they arent difficult to reach Its up to you to find out what your goals really are You are the one who must __63___ what to achieve and in what direction to aim your lifeResearch tells us that when we write a goal down we are more__64____to achieve it Written goals can be __65____ regularly and have more power Like a contract with yourself they are harder to neglect or forget Also __66___ you write your goals in a particular way you are able to make yourself continuously ___67___ situations that will bring you nearer to your goal53 A Because of B Instead of C In spite ofD In addition to54A imagine B discuss C experience D show55A going on with B taking control ofC getting along withD taking advantage of56 A guide B friend C map D sign57 A two B such C some D good58 A free B dull C fixed D wasted59 A or B for C but D so60 a thinking of B using up C turning off D paying for61 A plans B money C friends D maps62 A Lucky B Young C Ordinary D Unsuccessful63 A practice B change C admit D decide64 A willing B anxious C likely D clever65 A improved B reviewed C set D reached66 A Although B until C when D unless67 A aware of B worried about C familiar withD accustomed toSection BDirectionsRead the fing four passages Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just readAConan Doyles five years as a struggling medical student –-and his months serving his mysterious Scotch instructorgave him both the idea for the character and much of the material that helped make him a world-famous author But actually when he graduated from Edinburgh University in 1881 Doyle intended to be a doctor He set up his clinic in a suburb of Portsmouthand waited for patients Six years later he was still waiting Lacking a practice desperate for any kind of income Doyle turned to writing He decided to try a detective story And for it he wanted a new kind of detective Perhaps he looked at the photograph of Dr Bell his old instructor which he kept on the wall of his study At any rate he thought of Bell and thinking of him hit upon his detectiveHe called him Sherlock Holmes after an English sportsman and Oliver Wendell Holmes In describing the detective Doyle again remembered Dr Bell who had been age forty-four when Doyle last saw him He was thin dark with a high-nosed face sharp grey eyes angular shoulders and a hurrying way of walking His voice was high With this as his model Sherlock Homels became the familiar tall and mysterious human bloodhound His first appearance in Beetons Christmas Annual with A Study in Scarlet in 1887 was ordinary But as a result an American editor two years later ordered more Sherlock Holmes stories Strand Magazine published the memorable A scandal in Bohemia and the detective was on his way to literary immortality68 The author believed that Conan Doyle owed the creation of Sherlock Holmes to his ________A struggle as a medical studentB desperation for any kind of incomeC association with Dr BellD lacking a practice69 Which was Conan Doyles first detective storyA Christmas AnnualB A Study in ScarletC Strand MagazineD A Scandal in Bohemia70 The word detective in the last sentence probably referred to ________A Sherlock HolmsB Conan DoyleC Dr BellD Oliver Wendell HolmesBImpressionism 印象主义 in painting developed in the late nineteenth century in France It began with a loosely structured group of painters who got together mainly to exhibit their paintings Their art was characterized by the attempt to depict light and movement by using pure broken color The movement began with four friends who met in a café Monet Renoir Sisley and Brazille They were reacting against the academic standards of their time and the romantic emphasis on emotion as a subject matter They rejected the role of imagination in art Instead they observed nature closely painting with a scientific interest in visual phenomena Their subject matter was as diverse as theirpersonalities Monet and Sisley painted landscapes with changing effects of light while Renoir painted idealized women and children The works of impressionists were received with hostility 对抗 until the 1920s impressionism had a large cult 崇拜 following and by the 1950s the least important works by people associated with the movement commanded enormous prices71 Impressionism began with a small group of artists who wanted to ________A use light colorsB fight the governmentC become scientistsD show their paintings72 What subject matter did Monet and Sisley usually paintA Country scenesB PortraitsC SkyscrapersD Animals in nature73 Which of the following typifies the early impressionistsA They had a romantic emphasisB They tried to see nature unemotionallyC They worked toward a unified goalD They idealized lifeCAdam Smith writer in the 1770s was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain parts of its advantage He gives as an example the process by whichpins were made in EnglandOne man draws out the wire another strengthens it a third cuts it a fourth points it a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head To make the head requires two or three distinct operations To put it on is a separate operation to polish the pins is another And the important business of making pins is in this manner divided into about eighteen distinct operations which in some factories are all performed by different people though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of themTen men Smith said in this way turned out twelve pound of pins a day or about 4800 pins a piece But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor they certainly could not each of them have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even oneThere can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work Fewer people can make more pins Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and these that stand still But division of labor adds nothing new it only enables people to produce moreof what they already have74 Adam Smith saw that the division of labor _______A enables each worker to make pins more quickly and more cheaplyB increased the possible output per workerC increased the number of people employed in factoriesD improved the quality of pins produced75 Adam Smith mentioned the number 4800 in order to _________A show the advantage of the division of laborB show the advantage of the old craft systemC emphasize how powerful the individual worker wasD emphasize the importance of increased production76 According to the writer Adam Smiths mistake was in believing that division of labor ______A was an efficient way of organizing workB was important development in methods of productionC inevitably led to economic developmentD increased the production of existing goods77 Which of the following could serve as an appropriate title for the passageA Adam Smith the English EconomistB The Theory of Division of LaborC Division of Labor an Efficient Way of Organizing WorkD Adam Smith as the Discoverer of Division of LaborDHow Women Were Freed From their HomesAs late as 1800 a womans only place was in her home Women in business were unheard of No respectable woman would dream of entering what was strictly a mans world Even if she would what could she do Men were sure that no woman could do a job well outside her home This was a widely accepted idea When the famous Bronte sisters began writing books in 1846 they had to resort to using mens names as aliases 化名Teaching was the first profession opened to women soon after 1800 But even that was not easy for women to take because most high schools and colleges were open only to men Oberlin College in Ohio was the first college in America to take in women Nursing was regarded as a respectable profession for women only after Florence Nightingale won high credit for her nursing career and became famous Miss Nightingale opened the first training school for nursing in 1860 in EnglandThe invention of typewriters in 1867 helped to bring women out of their homes to join the business world Because women arecareful and have nimble fingers businessmen found that they were well suited to this kind of workBy 1890 tens of thousands of women were working in schools hospitals shops offices and factories both in England and the States Some even managed to become doctors or lawyers The idea of women working in business and other circles was accepted78 Oberlin College was the first college in America _______A where teaching was a profession only open to womenB where girls could get advanced educationC to train women to be teachers and nursesD to accept women only as professors and students79 It can be inferred from the text that besides nursing Florence Nightingale was also ______A a doctorB a lawyerC a teacherD a businessman80 Quite a lot of women entered the business world _______A soon after 1800B when Nightingale became famousC at the beginning of this centuryD after the typewriter came into beingESection C Read the following text and choose the mostsuitable heading from A-F for each paragraph There is one extra heading which you do not need F AEA The most common problem is a wandering mindB Selective listening is also a mental barrierC Listening isnt an easy skill to masterD Attitude can also interfere with good listeningE Noise and background music makes listening more difficultF Listening is also related to the level of the listeners knowledge 81 _____________Listening is not as easy as someone thought Even good listeners may recall only fifty percent of what they hear Retention the ability to remember and recall information decreases about twenty to twenty-five percent after a few days So no matter how well you listen in class youre always going to have to refresh your memory before a test Unfortunately many people have poor listening habits and little listening training To improve your listening skills its important to understand what causes poor listening82 ___________If you find it difficult to concentrate solely on what a speaker is saying theres a good reason The mind processes information much faster than a speaker can speak The brain canprocess over 500 words per minute while the average speaker talks at a rate of 124 to 250 words per minute That means the mind can hear whats being said and can think about something else at the same time83 ____________If you have a negative idea about the speaker or the topic youll find it difficult to listen attentively Hostile or captive audiences often have more difficultly listening than do favorable or voluntary ones84 ____________If a speaker speaks above the heads of an audience people find it difficult to concentrate Speakers who use unfamiliar words or who use incomplete explanations make it more difficult to listen Speakers who speak down to audiences failing to acknowledge what the audience already knows also create mental blocks85 ___________When people listen selectively they simply block out what they dont want to hear For instance many people have habits that are dangerous to their health like smoking However they often choose to block out what a speaker says about health risks They may listen to a speech and think that the speakers messageapplies to other people not them In other words they hear what they want to hear and ignore what they dont want to hear Translation 15Directions Translate the following sentences into English using the word or phrase given in the brackets86 中国是一个重视礼仪的国家．emphasis87 他宁愿呆在农村也不愿在拥挤的城市里谋生．prefer88 从观众的掌声判断他的告别演出证明是很成功．success89 在一些西方国家鼓励人们用电．用得越多价格越便宜．the morethe more90 他寡言少语这使大家觉得很难与他沟通．communicate参考答案KEYSI Listening1-5 B D A C D 6-10 C D A C B 11-16 B C A B C C17 12 18 14th 19 Park 20 674-370621 first time 22 tomorrow morning 23 entertainment center 24 the Red BusII Grammar and vocabulary25-29 A A C A C 30-34 B D D A A 35-39 D D C B C 40-43 B B B C44-48 C B AC AB A 49-52 D E AE ADIII Reading53-57 B A B C A 58-62 D C B A D 63-67 D C B C A 68-70 C B A 71-73 D A B 74-77 B A C C 78-80 B C D 81-85 C A D F BIV Translation86 China is a country that puts great emphasis on manners87 He prefers staying in the country to making a living in the crowded city88 Judging from the applause of the audience his farewell performance proved to be a great success89In some western counties people are encouraged to use electricity The more they use the lower the price of it will be90He is a man of few words which makes us think it difficult to communicate with him教育资源教育资源。

上海交大附中学10-11学年度高二下学期期中考试（英语）（满分100分，100分钟完成。

答案一律写在答题卡、答题纸上）命题：沈莹审核：何其乐I. Listening Comprehension (24%)Part A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Customer and shop assistant. B. Reporter and editor.C. Boss and secretary.D. Teacher and editor.2. A. Climbing. B. Consulting.C. Financing.D. Water-diving.3. A. 8:00. B. 8:30. C. 9:30. D. 10:30.4. A. In a school. B. In a library.C. In a book store.D. In a post office.5. A. She is not interested in the project.B. She wants to discuss the project now.C. They can talk about the project on Wednesday.D. They have already talked about the project.6. A. Peter shouldn’t complain about the bus.B. Peter shouldn’t spend a lot of money.C. There’s nothing special about Peter buying a car.D. Peter should get enough physical exercise.7. A. The food is very cheap.B. Customers can eat free food in the restaurant.C. The food is expensive.D. Customers can get a discount on the food.8. A. That she didn’t pass the examB. That her car was broken.C. That she didn’t feel well.D. That she couldn’t find her key.9. A. He is naughty.B. He makes a lot of trouble.C. He behaves well.D. he is indifferent to everything.10. A. The snow is not a big problem if there is no ice.B. There is much ice on the road now.C. Ice can’t cause big problems on the road.D. They wont’ go back home now.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He was dressed in his finest clothes. B. He was dressed as a shop assistant.C. He didn’t dress wellD. He was dressed in his brother’s clothes.12. A. Father asked me to earn money to buy Christmas gifts.B. Father served the boy as an ordinary adult customer.C. Father gave the boy a toy plane free of charge.D. Father hired the boy as a shop assistant.13. A. He felt very happy about the toy plane.B. He felt surprised at the shop owner’s behavior.C. He felt sad because of lack of money.D. He felt eager to attend the Christmas party.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because Japanese government asked the companies to do so.B. Because Japanese companies want to increase overseas sales.C. Because Japanese customers want to speak English.D. Because the Japanese language has become old-fashioned.15. A. 5% B. 50% C. 70% D. 95%16. A. Companies might lose Japanese customers.B. Companies spend much money hiring English teachers.C. The Japanese Culture might be affected.D. Too much attention might be paid to overseas markets.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and Vocabulary 25%Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.A genuine compliment _____ your friends’talents or gifts automatically adds value _____ how they seethemselves.A. to… toB. to…onC. on… onD. on… to26.Bronx regards _____ as a failure as he can hardly get a conversation going when he is introduced to anotherperson.A. himselfB. himC. itD. itself27.The famous Gettysburg Address has about 200 words, but it still managed to express the idea _____ all peopleare born equal.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. when28.To be successful in a job interview, the job seeker _____ convey a sense of self-confidence and enthusiasmfor work, which all interviewers value highly.A. canB. needC. mustD. will29.Modesty enables a person to move from being the centre of attention _____ the needs of others.A. to focus onB. focused onC. to focusing onD. focusing on30.The school rules state that no child _____ be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied byan adult.A. shouldB. canC. shallD. will31._____ for this ready source of money, many early Americans headed west and explored the new territories.A. To searchB. SearchingC. SearchedD. Having searched32.It is reported that it was midnight _____ the earthquake happened.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. that33.“A dark horse” is _____ shows unexpected racing speed and comes in first, even though the experts said hehad little chance of winning.A. oneB. whichC. thatD. one that34._____ they live close by in such a small community, people here don’t have much contact with each other.A. IfB. OnceC. SinceD. Although35.The two little girls _____ good friends but for the attack of some outside force.A. could have beenB. should have beenC. shall have beenD. need have been36.Only by consciously “forcing” yourself to make predications while listening _____ better at predicting andeventually improve your listening comprehension ability.A. you can becomeB. can you becomeC. that you becomeD. become you37.The reason why Americans form and end friendships quickly is _____ they move around quite often.A. howB. becauseC. thatD. what38.You _____ the electronic dictionary, for this is a test not an exercise.A. can’t be usingB. may not be usingC. mustn’t be usingD. ought not to be using39._____ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce changes of genes in human bodies.A. Being exposedB. Having exposedC. ExposedD. After being exposed40.It is when individuals have similar interests and a common outlook on life _____ long-lasting friendshipsdevelop.A. whyB. thatC. howD. whenSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.If you intend to use humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be __41__ to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their__42__ and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; __43__, if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are __44__ to all of you and it’ll be __45__ for you to make a passing remark about the poor canteen food or the chairman’s bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they __46__ an outsider making ill remarks about their canteen or their chairman.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must __47__ so that it becomes more natural. Include a few __48__ remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the __49__ which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.III Reading Comprehension 36%Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely apart from all other animals. Language is a means of __50__, but it is much more than that. The dance of the honeybee communicates the __51__ of flowers to other members. But human language __52__ communication about anything, even things like dragons that have never existed. The key __53__ in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be __54__ together in different way, according to __55__ to communicate different meanings.Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing __56__ humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, whether about the inverse, the mind, love, dreams, or order a drink. It is a complex __57__ that we take for granted. __58__, we are not aware of most aspects of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to another. The speaker has to translate thoughts into __59__ language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the __60__ of speech is extremely fast, only 0.04 second! The listener must hear the sounds to __61__ what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to __62__ the words spoken, understand the pattern of __63__ of the words or sentences, and finally __64__ the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But once started, it is of course continuous process.50.A. transportation B. exchange C. communication D. conversation51.A. location B. address C. smell D. color52.A. admits B. accepts C. permits D. absorbs53.A. stays B. situates C. hides D. lies54.A. stuck B. strung C. sewn D. bound55.A. rules B. scales C. laws D. standards56.A. combines B. contains C. defines D. declares57.A. prospect B. progress C. process D. product58.A. Indeed B. Furthermore C. Therefore D. Moreover59.A. body B. gesture C. written D. spoken60.A. growing B. fixing C. beginning D. building61.A. turn out B. try out C. burst out D. figure out62.A. identify B. invent C. reveal D. discover63.A. performance B. organization C. design D. production64.A. describe B. convey C. copy D. interpretSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf the world were a village of 1, 000 people it would include•584 Asians•124 Africans•95 Eastern and Western Europeans•84 Latin Americans•55 former Soviets （including Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, and other national groups）•52 North Americans•6 Australians and New ZealandersThe people of the village would speak：•165 Mandarin•86 English•83 Hindu/Urdu•64 Spanish•58 Russian•37 ArabicThe above list covers the mother tongues of only half the village.One-third of the people in the village are children, and only 60 are over the age of 65. Just under half of the married women in the village have access to modern equipments.This year 28 babies will be born. Ten people will die, 3 of them for lack of food, 1 from cancer. Two of the deaths will be of babies born within the year. With the 28 births and 10 deaths, the population of the village next year will be 1, 018.In this village of 1, 000 persons, 200 people receive 75 percent of the income; another 200 receive only 2 percent of the income.About one-third have access to clean, safe drinking water.Of the 670 adults in the village, half can not read nor write.The village has a total yearly budget （预算）, public and private, of over $3 million—$3, 000 per person if it is distributed evenly. Of the total $3 million：$181, 000 goes to weapons and warfare$159, 000 to education$132, 000 to health careThese weapons are under the control of just 100 of the people. The other 900 are watching them with deep anxiety, wondering whether they can learn to get along together.65. Which of the following is true about Mandarin according to the text?A. Nearly one-third of Asian people speak Mandarin in the village.B. About 8. 25 per cent of the people speak Mandarin in the village.C. About 16. 5 per cent of the people speak Mandarin in the village.D. Nearly all the Mandarin-speaking people are from Asia in the village.66. Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the text?A. Poverty.B. Education.C. Environment.D. Marriage.67. The underlined part “have access to” (in Para. 4) means_____.A. useB. buyC. produceD. try68. The last sentence in the text implies that most of the people long for______.A. a peaceful worldB. good educationC. better health careD. a life without anxiety（B ）Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos(禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art, and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. Yon may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting — and they can cover pretty much or any topic — as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent manner.In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children.As general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussin g one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.69. The author considers politics and religion ________.A. cheerful topicsB. taboosC. rude topicsD. topics that can never be talked about70. Which is typically a friendly topic in most places according to the author?A. Sports.B. Children.C. Personal feelings.D. Families.71. Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others?A. They don’t want to talk with others much.B. They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informal conversation.C. They are afraid to argue with their colleagues.D. They want to keep their feelings to themselves.72. What shouldn’t you do when talking about sports with colleagues from another country?A. Praising your own country’s sports.B. Criticizing your own country’s sports.C. Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country.D. Criticizing the sports of your colleagues’ country.CThe president of Harvard University, in the United States, recently made comments that have caused an uproar (激烈争论) among women. Women are outnumbered by men in many scientific fields, and he said that this may be due to some inherent (内在的) differences in intellectual abilities. Basically, he was saying that women may not be as good as men in science. This was difficult for many people to accept, especially women who are themselves scientists and professors. Many professors at Harvard were upset by his comments and did not want to support him.People have been fighting for years for equality between men and women. Therefore, it is discouraging to hear the president of a prestigious university say something that is negative. Biologically, male and female brains are different, but that does not mean that one is better than the other. The important thing to remember is that you can do anything that you put your mind to.When I was a little girl, I was always told that I could be whatever I wanted to be. No one ever told me not to do something just because I was a girl. This has helped me to be very focused and determined in my life. There are endless possibilities for my future.Determination and hard-work are what make a good student. It doesn't matter whether that student is a boy or a girl.You may come across road-blocks when you are pursuing your academic career. It is not always easy to follow your dreams. As a girl, you may sometimes feel that you only see men who have good careers or important jobs. But I encourage you not to give up. The key is to find out what your strengths are and focus on them. Everyone has unique talents that can be very helpful in the future. If you believe in yourself you will be amazed at what you can do!73.. According to the president of Harvard University, women may not be as good as men in science because of _____.A. the different structures of their brainsB. their different intellectual abilitiesC. their different living conditionsD. the different education that they receive74. The author thinks the comments the president of Harvard University made are _____.A. discouragingB. encouragingC. positiveD. unimportant75. According to the author, the key to success is_____ .A. whether you are a boy or a girlB. whether you have a dreamC. whether you have determination and work hardD. what you will be in the future76. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Equality of Men and WomenB. Intelligence Determines SuccessC. Male and Female Differences in BrainsD. Find Your Strengths and Follow Your DreamsDA high school history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school, you will be most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.”Experience teaches that he was right. Good friendships are just not easily formed. Why?One reason is that it is easy to move around in our society. Mr. Darrell Sifford, a news reporter for the Washington Daily, has been studying and talking about friendships for a number of years. He reports what one woman thought about the effect of ease of movement on friendship:“I was nine, and we’d just moved from South Carolina to New Jersey, and I didn’t know anybody. My mother had a way of getting to the root of things and she said to me, ‘Amelia, I know you’re feeling bad because you don’t have any friends. But you can fix that. Just walk across the street—I know there’s a girl about your age over there—and knock on the door and ask her to be your friend.’”“As a 9-year-old, I could do that. I knocked on the door and said, ‘Hi, my name is Amelia, and I’d like for us to be friends.’ And to my surprise, she said that she would like that too—and we became friends.”She added that going about it directly always worked when she was a child. But as she left childhood, she found that the simple direct approach was more and more difficult for her to follow. So, as an adult, Amelia longed to have friends but her hands were tied when it came to doing anything about it. The problem, according to her, is that society teaches us in a number of ways that direct action is not an acceptable way of doing things. We need to be less direct so that our feelings will not be hurt if our offer of friendship is refused.Mr. Sifford goes on to describe his own ideas on the subject:“To most of us, friendship is very important, but we need to have clear in our own minds the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be very close or kept at arm’s length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface?”“For some people, an ordinary friendship is enough—and that’s all right. But at some point we need to make sure that what we expect from the friendship is the same as what our friends expect from it. If one wants more from the friendship than the other, and if this is not talked about, one is likely eventually to feel that he’s not being given enough attention.“The sharing of close secrets, including our fears as well as our dark dreams, is the surest way to deepen friendships. But the process must be gone through slowly and continued only if there are signs of interest and our efforts are answered.”What are some of the problems in forming friendships? According to Mr. Sifford, the biggest problem is to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships take time. Another “big difficulty” is to think one “possesses” the other and that he should spend all his time only with you. Similarly, friendships require action from both sides. In short, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of developing friendship. Unless you spend enough time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will gradually fade away.Why is it so difficult to form friendships? Perhaps it is possible, as Mr. Sifford states, that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a true friendship to develop. However, we all agree that each of us should think carefully about the kind of friendships we want. As in all interpersonal relationships, success depends on the kind of friendship we expect to have , openness to others, and a willingness to experiment.77. By saying that “My mother had a way of getting to the root of things…” the author means that _____.A. her mother could always find friends for herB. her mother had a way of making friends with peopleC. her mother was able to find the cause of thingsD. her mother was able to solve difficult problems78. When forming friendships, one should _____.A. not be afraid of being refused.B. avoid trying to control a friend’s lifeC. share close secrets with the friendD. not be too impatient or too direct79. For friendship to develop, one should _____.A. go through the process in an acceptable wayB. give as much as one getsC. have a caring personalityD. make sure one’s efforts are answered80. The main point we learn from the passage is _____.A. willingness to experiment is the key to close friendship.B. openness to others is important in interpersonal relationshipsC. direct offers of friendship are not easily acceptedD. good friendships are not easily formedSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph.Listening is not as easy as someone thought. Even good listeners may recall only fifty percent of what they hear. Retention, the ability to remember and recall information, decreases about twenty to twenty-five percent after a few days. So no matter how well you listen in class, you’re always going to refresh your memory before a test! Unfortunately, many people have poor listening habits and little listening training. To improve your listening skills, it’s important to understand what causes poor listening.82. __________If you find it difficult to concentrate solely on what a speaker is saying, there’s a good reason. The mind processes information much faster than a speaker can speak. The brain can process over 500 words per minute, while the average speaker talks at a rate of 124 to 250 words per minute. That means the mind can hear what’s being said and can think about something else at the same time.83. __________If you have a negative idea about the speaker or the topic, you’ll find it difficult to listen attentively. Hostile or captive audiences often have more difficultly listening than do favorable or voluntary ones.84. __________If a speaker speaks “above the heads” of an audience, people find it difficult to concentrate. Speakers who use unfamiliar words or who use incomplete explanations make it more difficult to listen. Speakers who “speak down” to audiences, failing to acknowledge what the audience already knows, also create mental blocks.85. __________When people listen selectively, they simply block what they don’t want to hear. For instance, many people have habits that are dangerous to their health, like smoking. However, they often choose to block out what a speaker says about health risks. They may listen to a speech and think that they speaker’s message applied to otherpeople, not them. In other words, they hear what they want to hear and ignore what they don’t want to hear. VI. Translations. 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.1.总的来说，观众人数越多，手势动作的幅度就应越大。

上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中英语试题一、句子翻译1.1．这位教师的创新型教学方式在很大程度上吸引了学生的注意力，从而使大多数被认为“孺子不可教”的学生取得很大进步。

(extent) (汉译英)2.2．为了庆祝建党一百周年，我们学校举办了各种各样的活动，比如探访与中共历史相关的遗址。

(celebrate) (汉译英)3.3．面临气候变化带来的多重挑战，所有相关各方应保持联系，加强合作，共同应对由此产生的对生活方方面面的影响。

(contact) (汉译英)二、完成句子4.1．Given that the building is to be pulled down next year, __________________________(将地下室改造成卧室是没有意义的convert)．(根据汉语提示完成句子)5.2．In a fast-paced society where competitions remain tough, many ofus________________________________(很难更好地实现工作和生活的平衡)．(根据汉语提示完成句子) 6.3．________________(世界人口翻了不止七倍)since it reached 1 billion in 1805．(根据汉语提示完成句子) 7.4．________________(受到退学的威胁threaten), the difficult students struggled hard to focus on their study．(根据汉语提示完成句子)8.5．________________(研发有效新冠疫苗的实验Covid-19) will contribute to the reopening of the global market and the recovery of the economy．(根据汉语提示完成句子)9.6．If no measure is taken immediately to prohibit excessive hunting and international trade in animal products, ________________(大量的濒危动物会灭绝)．(根据汉语提示完成句子)10.7．With the popularization of Mandarin, ________________(我国各地的方言正以惊人的速度消失)．(根据汉语提示完成句子)11.8．Due to the prolonged economic recession and the shrinking market, the transnationalcorporation__________(别无选择只能将预算减半到十二亿)．(根据汉语提示完成句子)三、完形填空“Physicists, f ascinated by mathematical beauty, are failing to solve new problems．” High- class physicists no longer care about physical reality-nor should they．"“Science is over．”Those are simplified but not entirely misleading summaries of recent books by Sabine Hassenfelder (Lost in Math) , Richard Dawid (String Theory and the Scientific Method) and John Horgan (The End of Science) ,12．．I get asked about these books and their 13．message frequently．For theoretical physicists they are bitter criticism, since they argue that today's physics has gotten itself into a 14．．But they disagree in their descriptions of the problem．Ms．Hassenfelder argues that physicists need to pay more attention to reality, Mr．Dawid that they can safely ignore it．Mr．Horgan, 15．, thinks that physicists' time is past and they should do something else instead．What's going on here?Opinions may differ about the current health of physics, but no reasonable person can 16．that it has been a hugely successful enterprise．Without revolutionary 20th-century breakthroughs in quantum physics (量子物理学) and relativity (相对论) , modern technology -including GPS, nuclear power and much more- would be literally 17．．In the latter part of the 20th century our theoretical understanding reached a very high plateau (稳定期) ．The so-called Standard Model of particle physics offers complete and 18．equations (方程) for the behavior of ordinary matter under ordinary conditions (allowing a very generous 19．of the word “ordinary”) ．The theoretical framework of the Standard Model was in place by the 1970s, which predicted and 20．remarkable new discoveries and observations, notably including experimental confirmation of the existence of quarks (夸克) ．It is a peak of human achievements．But this grand success is bittersweet．In earlier times, research that added to or changed the theoretical foundations of physics also had practical uses and benefits．Today, however, discoveries in fundamental physicsare 21．to have a significant impact in engineering, chemistry or biology, precisely because we already have well-tested foundations that seem more than adequate for those applications．The physical principles that empower 21 st-century technologies had all been 22．by the 1950s．When you have reached a high plateau, further improvement gets more difficult．Yet there are still wonderful 23．for new discoveries and technological innovations．We can apply our existing physical knowledge to make innovative and useful things, like computers that make full use of the richness of the quantum world to store and process information more effectively．However, important theoretical questions remain to be answered．24．, we still haven't got a clear picture of what most of the universe, measured by mass, is made of．My hero Richard Feynman joked that “Einstein was a giant: His head was in the clouds, but his feet were on the ground．Those of us who are not so tall have to choose!”But I think there is no need to be so 25．．Really, the plateau we've reached is a good place to be．In fact, physics is especially exciting these days, 26．we're learning how to use our understanding of “ordinary” matter to make machine assistants - computers, sensors and drones - that will amplify and enrich our thoughts, do useful things and explore in all directions．12．A．relatively B．respectively C．actively D．instinctively13．A．illustrative B．extensive C．depressive D．aggressive14．A．failure B．challenge C．peak D．dead-end15．A．however B．meanwhile C．otherwise D．nevertheless16．A．promise B．dispute C．confirm D．maintain 17．A．unquestionable B．unthinkable C．feasible D．beneficial18．A．well-tested B．well-informed C．well-behaved D．well-operated 19．A．interpretation B．usage C．implementation D．translation20．A．assessed B．praised C．enabled D．improved21．A．bound B．meant C．unlikely D．able22．A．invented B．established C．developed D．outdated23．A．moments B．trends C．milestones D．opportunities24．A．to be exact B．In conclusion C．For instance D．By contrast25．A．pessimistic B．optimistic C．realistic D．idealistic26．A．while B．if C．though D．because四、阅读理解Recently I attended several meetings where we talked about ways to attract students and keep younger faculty members from going elsewhere．It seems higher education has become an industry of meeting-holders whose task is to “solve” problems — real or imagined．And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired — not to teach but to hold meetings — has increased significantly．Every new problem creates a new job for an administrative fixer．Take our Center for Teaching Excellence．Contrary to its title, the center is a clearing house (信息交流中心) for using technology in classrooms and in online courses．It's an administrative sham (欺诈) of the kind that has multiplied over the last 30 years．I offer a simple proposal in response: Many of our problems — class attendance, educational success, student happiness and well-being — might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic (官僚的) mechanisms and meetings and hiring an army of good teachers instead．If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher．This would be an environment in which teachers and students actually knew each other．The teachers must be free to teach in their own way — the curriculum should be flexible enough so that they can use their individual talents to achieve the goals of the course．Additionally, they should be allowed to teach, and be rewarded for doing it well．Teachers are not people who are great at and consumed by research and happen to appear in a classroom．Good teaching and research are not exclusive, but they are also not automatic companions．Teaching is an art and a craft, talent and practice; it is not something that just anyone can be good at．It is utterly confusing to me that people do not recognize this, despite the fact that pretty much anyone who has been a student can tell the difference between their best and worst teachers．27．What does the author say about present-day universities?A．They are effectively addressing real or imagined problems．B．They often fail to combine teaching with research．C．They are over-burdened with administrative staffD．They lack talent to fix their deepening problems．28．According to the author, what kind of people do universities lack most?A．Good classroom teachers．B．Efficient administrators．C．Talented researchers．D．Motivated students．29．What does the author imply about the classes at present?A．They facilitate students' independent learning．B．They help students form closer relationships．C．They have more older students than before．D．They are much bigger than is desirable．30．What is the author’s suggestion for improving university teaching?A．Creating an environment for teachers to share their teaching experiences．B．Hiring more classroom teachers and allowing them to teach in their own way．C．Using high technology in classrooms and promoting exchange of in formation．D．Cutting down meetings and encouraging administrative staff to go to classrooms．According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men．The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom．And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders．So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, it’s not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets．It’s also not all about work-life balance．Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles．Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren't more females in top leadership positions in business and politics．Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to die highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves．Similar shares say the electorate (选民) and American companies are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions．As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in American companies will change in theforeseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace．While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive pos itions in business in the future, 44% say it’s only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men．Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime．31．What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey? A．They have to do more to distinguish themselves．B．They have to strive harder to win their positions．C．They are stronger than men in terms of willpower．D．They are just as intelligent and innovative as men．32．What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?A．They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success．B．They are lacking in confidence when competing with men．C．Their failures may have something to do with family duties．D．Relatively few arc hindered in their career advancement．33．What does the passage say about American companies in the near future?A．More and more women v/ill sit in the boardroom．B．Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change．C．The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders．D．People have opposing opinions as to whether they will have more women leaders．34．What do most Americans expect to see soon on America's political stage?A．A woman in the highest position of government．B．More and more women actively engaged in politics．C．A majority of women voting for a female president．D．As many women in top government positions as men．五、语法填空China's Worst SandstormChina's worst sandstorm in a decade caused mass disruptions on Monday as vast swathes (广大地区) of the country were thrown into a thick, orange haze of dust and sand, 35．(force) authorities to cancel hundreds of flights, shutter roads and schools, and suspend outdoor activities．In Beijing, poor visibility paralyzed traffic as residents posted photos of skyscrapers seemingly 36．(disappear) into the fog and compared images of the haze to scenes in the dystopian 1982 film Blade Runner．Beijing and 23 other cities recorded “off the chart”levels of air pollution, according to state media．In Beijing, PM 10, a measure of tiny particles in the air often 37．(associate) with sandstorms, hit more than 9, 000 micrograms per cubic meter, or 180 times the level considered healthy by the World Health Organization．Some residents said they were wearing two masks even while indoors．Officials in neighboring Mongolia, after the sandstorm 38．(emerge) before sweeping across northern China, were searching for more than 80 herders who had gone missing．China's National Meteorological Center said it expected 12 provinces and municipalities — an area covering about 160, 000 square miles, about the size of California — 39．(affect) by the storm．The National Health Commission advised residents to stay indoors, seal windows and doors, and to use humidifiers and wet cloth 40．(deal) with any dust．41．residents must go outside, they should wear a mask, a hat or scarf to protect their face．Population Growth in Nineteenth-Century EuropeBecause of industrialization and a vast increase in agricultural output, in Europe as a whole, the population rose from 188 million in 1800 to 400 million in 1900．By 1900, virtually every area of Europe 42．(contribute) to the tremendous surge of population．Improvements in the food supply continued trends that had started in the late seventeenth century．New lands were put under cultivation, while the use of crops of American origin, particularly the potato, continued to expand．After 1850, the expansion of foods more regularly kept pace with population growth, 43．the poorer classes remained malnourished．Two developments were crucial．First, the application of science and new technology to agriculture increased．Led by German universities, an increasing number of researches 44．(devote) to improving seeds, developing chemical fertilizers, and advancing livestock．Mechanization included the use of horse-drawn harvesters and seed drills, many 45．(develop) initially in the United States．The second development 46．(involve) industrially based transportation．With trains and steam shipping, it became possible to move foods to needy regions within Western Europe quickly．Famine became a thing of the past．Europe's population growth had included one additional innovation by the nineteenth century - rapid urbanization．With a growing number of people47．(press) available resources on the land, people crowded intocities to seek work or other resources．During that period, urban death rates remained high, particularly in the lower-class slums, but they began to decline rapidly 48．urban sanitation (卫生) was greatly improved．Reformers, including enlightened doctors, began to study the causes of high death rates and to urge reform．For instance, Edwin Chadwick led an urban campaign for underground sewers (下水道) in England in the 1830s．Gradually, public health provisions began to cut into customary urban mortality rates．Around 1900, in some parts of Western, Europe life expectancy in the cities began to surpass 49．of the rural areas．Industrial societies figured out ways to combine large and growing cities with population growth, a development that would soon spread to other parts of the world．六、选词填空Surfing the Internet during class doesn't just steal focus from the educator, it also hurts students who're already 50．to grasp the material．A new study from Michigan State University, though, argues that all students-including high achievers-see a 51．in performance when they browse the Internet during class for non-academic purposes．To measure the effects of Internet-based distractions during class, researchers 52．500 students taking an introductory psychology class at Michigan State University．Researchers used ACT scores as a 53．of intellectual abilities．Because previous research has shown that people with high intellectual abilities are better at 54．out distractions, researchers believed students with high ACT scores would not show a 55．decrease in performance due to their use of digital devices．But students who surfed the web during class did worse on their exams regardless of their ACT scores, suggesting that even the academically smartest students are harmed when they re distracted in class．College professors are increasingly raising alarm bells about the effects smartphones, laptops, and tablets have on academic performance．One 2013 study of college students found that 80% of students use their phones or laptops during class, with the average student checking their digital device 11 times in a 56．class．A quarter of students report that their use of digital devices during class causes their grades to 57．Professors sometimes implement policies 58．to minimize students' use of digital devices, and some instructors even confiscate (没收) tablets and phones．In a world where people are increasingly dependent on theirphones, though, such strategies often fail．One international study found that 84% of people say they couldn't go a day without their smartphones．Until students are able to 59．the pull of social networking, texting, and endlessly surfing the web, they may continue to struggle in their classes．For many young Chinese, neither “The Shepherd in Keketuohai (可可托海的牧羊人) ” nor the name of its original singer, Wang Qi, sounds familiar．Their parents, however, may know every word in the song．Such generational 60．in musical tastes aren't unusual．What may be surprising is where most middle-aged Chinese people may have first 61．the song: the popular short-video app Douyin．A March search for the song's name on Douyin returned more than seven million clips, many from an increasing number of accounts popular among middle-aged users．That some Douyin users might not be familiar with a song, even as others are constantly hearing it, is the result of the platform's highly 62．recommendation algorithms (算法) ．They are able to produce different video feeds for each user based on their musical preferences and tastes．In the five years since its 63．in 2016, Douyin has grown into one of China's biggest platforms for pop music．On QQ Music, the largest digital music service provider in the country, songs popular among short-video creators are even ranked on a64．Douyin Chart．The variety and scale of the app's user base mean all genres and styles can find an audience, and more and more artists now choose Douyin to debut their new tracks in the hopes of achieving a viral 65．One of the most popular uses for music on an app like Douyin is known as a challenge video．Short clips from songs are played over a well-designed dance, which creators then challenge their followers to imitate．If a given dance challenge shows promise, it- is quickly 66．by the platform's algorithms and pushed to a larger user pool．Over time, more and more pop music has been produced 67．with such uses in mind, and songs are now being composed to be easily adapted to these short video formats．This trend is having an impact on our relationship to music．Users often find they can 68．recognize or remember the artists, names or the titles of songs．Meanwhile, the songs themselves are often cut up to focus only on their catchiest parts, while covers (翻唱版本) often go on to achieve far more fame than the 69．七、六选四There was a time when both literature and the study of literature came under the delightful belleslettres-beautiful letters．When the phrase was introduced in the 18th century, literature was considered, at its best, beautiful．Devotees tried to reproduce that beauty in their response to it．Modernism was a turning point, when literature became more alienated and combative (好斗的) with respect to society．American literature, with its powerful, democratic associations, contributed to the change．Belles lettres seemed too elitist to describe early-20th century writing．The superiority of belles lettres was further undermined by the rise of science as civilization's potential savior．Science was necessary to defend democracy, first during World War 11 and then during the Cold War．Now, it is the means of moving ahead in a competitive, technological society．Who has time for beauty when there is serious work to be done?The death knell (丧钟) for belles lettres came with a 1959 lecture by the scientist and novelist C．P．Snow, “The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution．”Snow seemed to call for cooperation bet ween science and the humanities, but he was really criticizing the scientific illiteracy of writers and critics who, unlike him, didn't happen to be scientists as well．The problem is that science and the humanities are inherently incommensurate fields．Science builds on its discoveries．It moves forward, so that the past is the literal foundation for the present and future．Literature does not move forward in this way．One need not read Shakespeare to write a play or a poem．By the same token Shakespeare is as relevant today as he was when he wrote．The simple truth that progress is central to science but not to the humanities is difficult to grasp for people who seek improvement in every walk of life．It fuels the drive to make the humanities scientific-through the use of technical jargon (术语) , general theories about social texts, and quantitative tools to analyze word choice, sentence structure and other aspects of literature．When the humanities give up their mission and seek shelter from progress, they become dangerous companion to ideological agendas．Students come to feel there is a definitive, “virtuous”reading of an event or a text; they criticize great authors of the past based on the standards of the present．They create a climate that arouses opposition from those who feel excluded or offended by such thinking but who lack the humanistic training to do more than fight back．We need to be skeptical of beauty and its relationship to truth, but we also need to see truth as beautiful, and to look with skepticism upon the products of a culture that speak to us in ugly, pseudoscientific (伪科学的) ways．70．In the author's opinion, which of the following statements might C．P．Snow agree with?A．Cooperation determines the progress of civilization．B．We don't actually need literature and art．C．We need the humanities as much as science．D．A writer who doesn't know science is undesirable．71．What does the word “incommensurate (Line 1, Para．4)” most probably mean?A．unable to affect and promote each other．B．unable to be judged by the same standard．C．related and unable to be totally separated．D．mutually exclusive and independent．72．According to the last two paragraphs, what is the unique role of the humanities?A．To promote civilization of the past．B．To encourage openness and tolerance．C．To cultivate the skeptical mind．D．To create a climate without criticism．73．What's the subject of the text?A．Call for due attention to the humanities．B．Regret about the death of belles Jetties．C．Challenge to the cooperation between art and science．D．Criticism on progressives' control of the humanities．“Globalization” has been a buzzword of the last three decades．The increase in the exchange of knowledge, trade and capital around the world, driven by technological innovation, brought the term into the spotlight．Some see globalization as a good thing．The United Nations has even predicted that its forces may have the power to eliminate poverty in the 21st century．Others disagree．They may have a point．The International Monetary Fund admitted in 2007 that inequality levels might have risen as a result of foreign capital (资本) investment in developing countries．However, economic historians suggest that the question of whether the benefits of globalization outweigh the disadvantages is more complicated．74．But why does it matter whether globalization started 30,300, or even 3,000 years ago? Because it is impossible to say how much of a “good thing”a process is in history without first defining for how long it has been going on．Although Adam Smith, known as the Father of Economics, never used the word, globalization is a key theme in The Wealth of Nations (《国富论》) , his most important work that remains a classic in economics today．Hisdescription of economic develop ment has as its basic pinciple the integration (融合) of markets over time．As the division of labor enables output to expand, the search lor specialization expands trade．75．The trend is nearly as old as civilization．Primitive (原始的) divisions of labor, between hunters and shepherds, grew as villages and trading networks expanded to include wider specializations．Eventually, armorers (军械工) to craft bows and arrows, carpenters to build houses, and seamstress to make clothing, all appeared as specialist artisans．They traded their wares for food produced by the hunters and shepherds．76．This process that Smith described sounds a lot like “globalization” even if it was more limited in geographical area than what most people believe the term suggests today．Globalization has not always been a one-way process．Evidence shows that (here was also “deglobalization” in history, like during the interwar (两次世界大战之间的) period in the 20th century．77．It has a history that stretches back for thousands of years, starting with Smith's primitive hunter-gatherers trading with the next village, and developing into the globally interconnected societies we know today．Whether you consider globalization to be a “good thing,” it appears to be an essential element of the economic history of mankind．A．This gradually brings communities from different parts of the world together．B．However, it is clear that globalization is not simply a process that started in the last three decades．C．For them, the answer depends on when you believe the process of globalization was effectively started．D．Globalization has enriched the world scientifically and culturally, and has benefitted many people economically as well．E．Some modem economic historians dispute the argument that the discovery of the Americas accelerated the process of globalization．F．As villages, towns, countries and continents started trading goods that they were efficient at making for ones they were not．Markets became more integrated．参考答案1.【解析】考查介词短语、形容词、动词、一般过去时和定语从句。

上海交通大学附属中学2010-2011学年度第二学期高二英语期中试卷（满分100分，100分钟完成。

答案一律写在答题卡、答题纸上）命题：沈莹审核：何其乐I. Listening Comprehension (24%)Part A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Customer and shop assistant. B. Reporter and editor.C. Boss and secretary.D. Teacher and editor.2. A. Climbing. B. Consulting.C. Financing.D. Water-diving.3. A. 8:00. B. 8:30. C. 9:30. D. 10:30.4. A. In a school. B. In a library.C. In a book store.D. In a post office.5. A. She is not interested in the project.B. She wants to discuss the project now.C. They can talk about the project on Wednesday.D. They have already talked about the project.6. A. Peter shouldn’t complain about the bus.B. Peter shouldn’t spend a lot of money.C. There’s nothing special about Peter buying a car.D. Peter should get enough physical exercise.7. A. The food is very cheap.B. Customers can eat free food in the restaurant.C. The food is expensive.D. Customers can get a discount on the food.8. A. That she didn’t pass the exam.B. That her car was broken.C. That she didn’t feel well.D. That she couldn’t find her key.9. A. He is naughty.B. He makes a lot of trouble.C. He behaves well.D. he is indifferent to everything.10. A. The snow is not a big problem if there is no ice.B. There is much ice on the road now.C. Ice can’t cause big problems on the road.D. They wont’ go back home now.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He was dressed in his finest clothes. B. He was dressed as a shop assistant.C. He didn’t dress wellD. He was dressed in his brother’s clothes.12. A. Father asked me to earn money to buy Christmas gifts.B. Father served the boy as an ordinary adult customer.C. Father gave the boy a toy plane free of charge.D. Father hired the boy as a shop assistant.13. A. He felt very happy about the toy plane.B. He felt surprised at the shop owner’s behavior.C. He felt sad because of lack of money.D. He felt eager to attend the Christmas party.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because Japanese government asked the companies to do so.B. Because Japanese companies want to increase overseas sales.C. Because Japanese customers want to speak English.D. Because the Japanese language has become old-fashioned.15. A. 5% B. 50% C. 70% D. 95%16. A. Companies might lose Japanese customers.B. Companies spend much money hiring English teachers.C. The Japanese Culture might be affected.D. Too much attention might be paid to overseas markets.Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and Vocabulary 25%Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.A genuine compliment _____ your friends’talents or gifts automatically adds value _____how they see themselves.A. to… toB. to…onC. on… onD. on… to26.Bronx regards _____ as a failure as he can hardly get a conversation going when he isintroduced to another person.A. himselfB. himC. itD. itself27.The famous Gettysburg Address has about 200 words, but it still managed to express the idea_____ all people are born equal.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. when28.To be successful in a job interview, the job seeker _____ convey a sense of self-confidenceand enthusiasm for work, which all interviewers value highly.A. canB. needC. mustD. will29.Modesty enables a person to move from being the centre of attention _____ the needs ofothers.A. to focus onB. focused onC. to focusing onD. focusing on30.The school rules state that no child _____ be allowed out of the school during the day, unlessaccompanied by an adult.A. shouldB. canC. shallD. will31._____ for this ready source of money, many early Americans headed west and explored thenew territories.A. To searchB. SearchingC. SearchedD. Having searched32.It is reported that it was midnight _____ the earthquake happened.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. that33.“A dark horse” is _____ shows unexpected racing speed and comes in first, even though theexperts said he had little chance of winning.A. oneB. whichC. thatD. one that34._____ they live close by in such a small community, people here don’t have much contactwith each other.A. IfB. OnceC. SinceD. Although35.The two little girls _____ good friends but for the attack of some outside force.A. could have beenB. should have beenC. shall have beenD. need have been36.Only by consciously “forcing” yourself to make predications while listening _____ better atpredicting and eventually improve your listening comprehension ability.A. you can becomeB. can you becomeC. that you becomeD. become you37.The reason why Americans form and end friendships quickly is _____ they move aroundquite often.A. howB. becauseC. thatD. what38.You _____ the electronic dictionary, for this is a test not an exercise.A. can’t be usingB. may not be usingC. mustn’t be usingD. ought not to be using39._____ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce changes of genes in humanbodies.A. Being exposedB. Having exposedC. ExposedD. After being exposed40.It is when individuals have similar interests and a common outlook on life _____ long-lastingfriendships develop.A. whyB. thatC. howD. whenSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.If you intend to use humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be __41__ to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their__42__ and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; __43__, if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are __44__ to all of you and it’ll be __45__ for you to make a passing remark about the poor canteen food or the chairman’s bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they __46__ an outsider making ill remarks about their canteen or their chairman.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must __47__ so that it becomes more natural. Include a few __48__ remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the __49__ which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.III Reading Comprehension 36%Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely apart from all other animals. Language is a means of __50__, but it is much more than that. The dance of the honeybee communicates the __51__ of flowers to other members. But human language __52__ communication about anything, even things like dragons that have never existed. The key __53__ in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be __54__ together in different way, according to __55__ to communicate different meanings.Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing __56__ humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, whether about the inverse, the mind, love, dreams, or order a drink. It is a complex __57__ that we take for granted. __58__, we are not aware of most aspects of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to another. The speaker has to translate thoughts into __59__ language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the __60__ of speech is extremely fast, only 0.04 second! The listener must hear the sounds to __61__ what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to __62__ the words spoken, understand the pattern of __63__ of the words or sentences, and finally __64__ the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But once started, it is of course continuous process.50.A. transportation B. exchange C. communication D. conversation51.A. location B. address C. smell D. color52.A. admits B. accepts C. permits D. absorbs53.A. stays B. situates C. hides D. lies54.A. stuck B. strung C. sewn D. bound55.A. rules B. scales C. laws D. standards56.A. combines B. contains C. defines D. declares57.A. prospect B. progress C. process D. product58.A. Indeed B. Furthermore C. Therefore D. Moreover59.A. body B. gesture C. written D. spoken60.A. growing B. fixing C. beginning D. building61.A. turn out B. try out C. burst out D. figure out62.A. identify B. invent C. reveal D. discover63.A. performance B. organization C. design D. production64.A. describe B. convey C. copy D. interpretSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf the world were a village of 1, 000 people it would include：•584 Asians•124 Africans•95 Eastern and Western Europeans•84 Latin Americans•55 former Soviets （including Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, and other nationalgroups）•52 North Americans•6 Australians and New ZealandersThe people of the village would speak：•165 Mandarin•86 English•83 Hindu/Urdu•64 Spanish•58 Russian•37 Arab icThe above list covers the mother tongues of only half the village.One-third of the people in the village are children, and only 60 are over the age of 65. Just under half of the married women in the village have access to modern equipments.This year 28 babies will be born. Ten people will die, 3 of them for lack of food, 1 from cancer. Two of the deaths will be of babies born within the year. With the 28 births and 10 deaths, the population of the village next year will be 1, 018.In this village of 1, 000 persons, 200 people receive 75 percent of the income; another 200 receive only 2 percent of the income.About one-third have access to clean, safe drinking water.Of the 670 adults in the village, half can not read nor write.The village has a total yearly budget （预算）, public and private, of over $3 million—$3, 000 per person if it is distributed evenly. Of the total $3 million：$181, 000 goes to weapons and warfare$159, 000 to education$132, 000 to health careThese weapons are under the control of just 100 of the people. The other 900 are watching them with deep anxiety, wondering whether they can learn to get along together.65. Which of the following is true about Mandarin according to the text?A. Nearly one-third of Asian people speak Mandarin in the village.B. About 8. 25 per cent of the people speak Mandarin in the village.C. About 16. 5 per cent of the people speak Mandarin in the village.D. Nearly all the Mandarin-speaking people are from Asia in the village.66. Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the text?A. Poverty.B. Education.C. Environment.D. Marriage.67. The underlined part “have access to” (in Para. 4) means_____.A. useB. buyC. produceD. try68. The last sentence in the text implies that most of the people long for______.A. a peaceful worldB. good educationC. better health careD. a life without anxiety（B ）Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos(禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information abouttheir local history, art, and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. Yon may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting —and they can cover pretty much or any topic — as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent manner.In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children.As general rule, it’s best not t o talk about politics or religion with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.69. The author considers politics and religion ________.A. cheerful topicsB. taboosC. rude topicsD. topics that can never be talked about70. Which is typically a friendly topic in most places according to the author?A. Sports.B. Children.C. Personal feelings.D. Families.71. Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others?A. They don’t want to talk with others much.B. They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informalconversation.C. They are afraid to argue with their colleagues.D. They want to keep their feelings to themselves.72. What s houldn’t you do when talking about sports with colleagues from another country?A. Praising your own country’s sports.B. Criticizing your own country’s sports.C. Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country.D. Criticizing the sports of your colleagu es’ country.CThe president of Harvard University, in the United States, recently made comments that have caused an uproar (激烈争论) among women. Women are outnumbered by men in many scientific fields, and he said that this may be due to some inherent (内在的) differences in intellectual abilities. Basically, he was saying that women may not be as good as men in science. This was difficult for many people to accept, especially women who are themselves scientists and professors. Many professors at Harvard were upset by his comments and did not want to support him.People have been fighting for years for equality between men and women. Therefore, it is discouraging to hear the president of a prestigious university say something that is negative. Biologically, male and female brains are different, but that does not mean that one is better than the other. The important thing to remember is that you can do anything that you put your mind to.When I was a little girl, I was always told that I could be whatever I wanted to be. No one ever told me not to do something just because I was a girl. This has helped me to be very focused and determined in my life. There are endless possibilities for my future.Determination and hard-work are what make a good student. It doesn't matter whether that student is a boy or a girl.You may come across road-blocks when you are pursuing your academic career. It is not always easy to follow your dreams. As a girl, you may sometimes feel that you only see men who have good careers or important jobs. But I encourage you not to give up. The key is to find out what your strengths are and focus on them. Everyone has unique talents that can be very helpful in the future. If you believe in yourself you will be amazed at what you can do!73.. According to the president of Harvard University, women may not be as good as men in science because of _____.A. the different structures of their brainsB. their different intellectual abilitiesC. their different living conditionsD. the different education that they receive74. The author thinks the comments the president of Harvard University made are _____.A. discouragingB. encouragingC. positiveD. unimportant75. According to the author, the key to success is_____ .A. whether you are a boy or a girlB. whether you have a dreamC. whether you have determination and work hardD. what you will be in the future76. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Equality of Men and WomenB. Intelligence Determines SuccessC. Male and Female Differences in BrainsD. Find Your Strengths and Follow Your DreamsDA high school history teacher once told us, “ If you make one close friend in school, you will be most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.” Experience teaches that he was right. Good friendships are just not easily formed. Why?One reason is that it is easy to move around in our society. Mr. Darrell Sifford, a news reporter for the Washington Daily, has been studying and talking about friendships for a number of years. He reports what one woman thought about the effect of ease of movement on friendship: “I was nine, and we’d just moved from South Carolina to New Jersey, and I didn’t know anybody. My mother had a way of getting to the root of things and she said to me, ‘Amelia, I know you’re feeling bad because you don’t have any friends. But you can fix that. Just walk acrossthe street—I know there’s a girl about your age over there—and knock on the door and ask her to be your friend.’”“As a 9-year-old, I could do that. I knocked on the door and said, ‘Hi, my name is Amelia, and I’d like for us to be friends.’ And to my surprise, she said that she would like that too—and we became friends.”She added that going about it directly always worked when she was a child. But as she left childhood, she found that the simple direct approach was more and more difficult for her to follow. So, as an adult, Amelia longed to have friends but her hands were tied when it came to doing anything about it. The problem, according to her, is that society teaches us in a number of ways that direct action is not an acceptable way of doing things. We need to be less direct so that our feelings will not be hurt if our offer of friendship is refused.Mr. Sifford goes on to describe his own ideas on the subject:“To most of us, friendship is very important, but we need to have clear in our own minds the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be very close or kept at arm’s length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface?”“For some people, an ordinary friendship is enough—and that’s all right. But at some point we need to make sure that what we expect from the friendship is the same as what our friends expect from it. If one wants more from the friendship than the other, and if this is not talked about, one is likely eventually to feel that he’s not being given enough attention.“The sharing of close secrets, including our fears as well as our dark dreams, is the surest way to deepen friendships. But the process must be gone through slowly and continued only if there are signs of interest and our efforts are answered.”What are some of the problems in forming friendships? According to Mr. Sifford, the biggest problem is to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships take time. Another “big difficulty” is to think one “possesses” the other and that he should spend all his time only with you. Similarly, friendships require action from both sides. In short, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of developing friendship. Unless you spend enough time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will gradually fade away.Why is it so difficult to form friendships? Perhaps it is possible, as Mr. Sifford states, that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a true friendship to develop. However, we all agree that each of us should think carefully about the kind of friendships we want. As in all interpersonal relationships, success depends on the kind of friendship we expect to have , openness to others, and a willingness to experiment.77. By saying that “My mother had a way of getting to the root of things…” the author means that _____.A. her mother could always find friends for herB. her mother had a way of making friends with peopleC. her mother was able to find the cause of thingsD. her mother was able to solve difficult problems78. When forming friendships, one should _____.A. not be afraid of being refused.B. avoid trying to control a friend’s lifeC. share close secrets with the friendD. not be too impatient or too direct79. For friendship to develop, one should _____.A. go through the process in an acceptable wayB. give as much as one getsC. have a caring personalityD. make sure one’s efforts are answered80. The main point we learn from the passage is _____.A. willingness to experiment is the key to close friendship.B. openness to others is important in interpersonal relationshipsC. direct offers of friendship are not easily acceptedD. good friendships are not easily formedSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for81. __________Listening is not as easy as someone thought. Even good listeners may recall only fifty percent of what they hear. Retention, the ability to remember and recall information, decreases about twenty to twenty-five percent after a few days. So no matter how well you listen in class, you’re always going to refresh your memory before a test! Unfortunately, many people have poor listening habits and little listening training. To improve your listening skills, it’s important to understand what causes poor listening.82. __________If you find it difficult to concentrate solely on what a speaker is saying, there’s a good reason. The mind processes information much faster than a speaker can speak. The brain can process over 500 words per minute, while the average speaker talks at a rate of 124 to 250 words per minute. That means the mind can hear what’s being said and can think about something else at the same time.83. __________If you have a negative idea about the speaker or the topic, you’ll find it difficult to listen attentively. Hostile or captive audiences often have more difficultly listening than do favorable or voluntary ones.84. __________If a speaker speaks “above the heads” of an audience, people find it difficult to concentrate. Speakers who use unfamiliar words or who use incomplete explanations make it more difficult to listen. Speakers who “speak down”to audiences, failing to acknowledge what the audience already knows, also create mental blocks.85. __________When people listen selectively, they simply block what they don’t want to hear. For instance,many people have habits that are dangerous to their health, like smoking. However, they often choose to block out what a speaker says about health risks. They may listen to a speech and think that they speaker’s message applied to other people, not them. In other words, they hear what they want to hear and ignore what they don’t want to hear.VI. Translations. 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.1.总的来说，观众人数越多，手势动作的幅度就应越大。