名师精编 新人教版高中英语新教案:必修一 状语从句知识点
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高中英语必修一语法汇总Unit 1短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
一、名词短语(NP)名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。
(1)These ideas may seem strange to you.作主语(2)Welove our great motherland very much.作宾语(3)Theman wearing a black coat is our teacher.作表语(4)Those beautiful flowers come from Yun’nan.作主语(5)Weelected him monitor of our class.作宾语补足语[归纳总结](1)名词短语在句中作名词用,一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
(2)名词短语由“(限定词)+(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语)”组成。
[名师提醒]限定词包括冠词(a,an,the)、指示代词(this,that,these,those等)、物主代词(my,your,his,her,our,their等)和不定代词(some,no,neither,both等)。
[巩固内化1]指出黑体部分所作的成分①He got threegold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.作宾语②The tall building was built last year.作主语③This is avery interesting book.作表语④We made him capital of our team.作宾补二、形容词短语(AdjP)形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语,在句子中的功能相当于形容词。
(1)Theair today is nice and clean.作表语(2)Sheis a girl lively and lovely.作定语(3)Hefound the film very interesting.作宾语补足语[归纳总结](1)形容词短语在句中作形容词用,可以修饰名词或代词,作定语,还可用作表语或者宾语补足语等。
姓名,年级:时间:定语从句知识导图引入Mary is a girl who is happy。
概念定语从句:在复合句中起形容词作用,作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词:连接先行词和从句的词叫关系词.注意:关系词指代先行词,并在句子起连接作用,连接主句和从句,同时又在定语从句中充当成分(主、宾、表、状等)关系词根据其在从句中所充当的成分可以分为:关系代词:在从句中做主、宾、表、定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)关系代词和关系副词用法注:高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂,从先行词为“明显的地点”转化“模糊化的地点”。
事实上,对于where这个词,考生不能只理解为表地点,当先行词表示某人/物的situation,或某事所发展的stage和point,或表达某事的某个方面时都可用where这个关系副词.常见的抽象名词作先行词的有:point, position, situation,stage,state,case, scene 等。
He said if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, he would have already died of terror.他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步,他早就吓死了。
定语从句的分类1)限制性定语从句:从句不可少,没有它,先行词的意思不明确,主句也不完整。
与先行词之间不用逗号。
Mary is a girl who has long hair先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词2)非限制性定语从句:是对先行词的补充说明或描绘作用,没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。
从句一般用逗号同主句分开。
has won a scholarship。
班级:__________ 姓名:Book4 Unit1 People of Achievement Period 2 Key phrases and sentences一、重点短语1.come to power (开始)掌权;上台[教材原句]Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. 1933年,希特勒dying fire.雪停了,但过了一段时间,一股强风把我们即将熄灭的火焰吹了起来。
单句语法填空①I am sorry; it's beyond my power to make such a decision. ①This kind of animals has some powerful (power) teeth. ①She always has the power to control (control) the situation.2.take up a position 担任;任职[教材原句]After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. 在欧洲度过一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究broadened.我打算担任志愿者,能够从中开拓我的视野。
(1)写出下列句中黑体部分的含义①In fact, surfing the Internet takes up most of her time.占据 ①The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week.继续①Peter will take up the management of the finance department.开始从事 (2)单句写作①这个城市发展很快, 呈现出新的面貌。
人教版高一英语必修一的知识点!【一】:人教版高中英语必修一语法知识点总结人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship一、重点短语1.go through 经历,经受get through 通过;完成;接通电话2. set down 记下,放下 3. a series of 一系列4. on purpose 有目的的5. in order to 为了6. at dusk 傍晚,黄昏时刻7. face to face 面对面8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加(某个活动);take part in 参加(活动)join 加入(组织,团队,并成为其中一员)10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12.be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦13. be concerned about 关心14.get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于… 16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是… 17. no longer / not …any longer 不再… 18. too much 太多(后接不可数n.)much too 太…(后接adj.) 19. not…until 直到… 才20.it’s no pleasure doing sth 做… 并不开心21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事二、语法----直接引语和间接引语概念:直接引语:直接引述别人的原话。
一般前后要加引号。
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。
间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。
例:Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy.变化规则(一)陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that(可省略)引导,从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。
非谓语动词一、什么?非谓语就是指不能做谓语的动词。
非谓语动词包括不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。
一、不定式:基本构成:to+动词原形否定:not/never+不定式动词不定式的一些形式变化(以do为例)用法:A. 做主语1. 放句首To see is to believe. 眼见为实没有准时到哪里是我的错2.为使句子保持平衡,常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后B. 做宾语1. 跟在动词后面:wish(希望)hope(希望)plan(计划)expect(期待)等2. 跟在形容词后面:able, afraid, angry, anxious, careful, clever, content, cruel, determined, disappointed, eager等。
C. 做宾补不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。
在这一句型中,宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
形式:1. 谓语动词+sb/sth to do sthadvise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, encourage, force等。
我们决不允许这样的事情再发生。
2.省略to一、feel, see, watch,observe, hear, notice我昨天听到他们在唱歌。
I heard them sing yesterday.二、make, let, have他希望做什么就让他做好了。
D. 做状语不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等。
1 表示目的我省钱为了买一台电脑。
I’m saving money to buy a computer.2 表示结果My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.(Only to do sth) 表示出乎意料He got to the station only to find the train had gone.3 表示原因I am very glad to see you.4 表示条件To have a talk with him, you would like him.5:表程度He was too excited to say a work.He is old enough to go to schoolE. 做表语他的愿望是做一个老师。
高中英语倒装英语句子的语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后,这种语序称作正常语序或自然语序。
但有时出于语法或达到某种修辞目的(强调、承上启下、平衡等)的需要,要把谓语动词放在主语前面,这种语序称作倒装(Inversion)语序。
将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,称完全倒装(Full Inversion);如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。
1. there be结构的倒装在“there be”(或there + appear to be,come,exist, happen to be, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, seem to be, stand, used to be) 雪结构中,倒装形式为完全倒装。
如:There were many students in the reading room in this evening.今晚阅览室里有许多学生。
There is a TV set, a stereo system and a number of chairs in the sitting room.客厅里有一台电视机,一套组合音响和一些椅子。
2. here,there,now,then等引起的倒装在以here,there,now,then等简短副词引起的句子中(前三个须用一般现在时),动词往往是be,come,go等时,这类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。
如:Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.你久盼的信在这儿。
但要注意:如果主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。
如:Here they are. 他们在这儿。
3. 省略if的非真实条件状语从句中的倒装虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时,were, had, should须移至主语之前。
如:Had you worked harder at college, you would have got better job.如果你在大学期间读书用功些,现在就会找到一份更好的工作。
新版高中英语必修一中的语法知识点包括直接引语和间接引语、定语从句、时态语态、非谓语动词以及构词法等。
下面将详细介绍这些语法知识点。
1. 直接引语和间接引语-直接引语是指直接引用他人的原话,前后需要加引号。
例如:“I like apples.”(我喜欢苹果。
)-间接引语是指转述他人的话,不需要加引号。
例如:He said he liked apples.2. 定语从句-定语从句用来修饰名词,表示所属关系。
例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.-关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等。
例如:The man who is speaking to the manager is John.3. 时态语态-现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
例如:She is reading a book.-现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如:He has finished his work.-一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如:I will go to the store.4. 非谓语动词-非谓语动词包括动名词、分词和不定式。
例如:Reading books is my hobby.(动名词)-现在分词表示正在进行的动作。
例如:He is running in the park.(分词)-不定式表示将来要发生的动作或目的。
例如:I want to learn Spanish.(不定式)5. 构词法-构词法是指通过词缀、词根和词尾等来构成新词。
例如:unhappy(不幸福的),impossible (不可能的)。
高中英语必修一知识总结(优秀10篇)高一英语必修1知识点篇一1.preferPreferdoing…todoing…Prefertodoratherthando2.advantages/disadvantages优势/劣势2.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since与时间点连用Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
3.persuadesbtodosth=persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事4、强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。
一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句5.befondof喜欢,喜爱6.Although尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句①although从句多在句首,though从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although无此用法。
②asthough(仿佛,好像),eventhough(即使,尽管)中不能用although。
③though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而although不可以。
7.insistondoingsth/sth.一定要、坚持主张Sheinsistsongettingupearlyandplayingherradioloudly.她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大11.careabout关心在乎carefor喜欢,照料,照顾12.changeone’smind改变主意一三.experience经历/经验可作为从属连词,作“一(旦)……就……”解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。
人教版高中英语必修一知识点梳理重点题型(常考知识点)巩固练习定语从句(Ⅱ)概念引入The lab where the chemist often does experiments is not far from here.化学家做实验的那个实验室离这儿不远。
I've always longed for the days when I should be able to be independent.我非常渴望我能够独立的那天。
There are moments when I forget all about it.那个时候我忘记了所有的一切。
He wanted to know the reason why I was late.他想要知道我迟到的理由。
观察这些句子可以发现,句子所包含的定语从句的引导词是where、when和why,那么这三个连接词的用法是什么呢?这就是本单元我们要学习的内容。
语法点拨【定语从句二】where引导的定语从句1. 基本用法当先行词在定语从句中的成分是地点状语时,连接词用where。
而且先行词通常是place, house, city, country等等。
1)The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean.我们住的那家旅馆不干净。
分析从句的成分:主语为we, 谓语为stayed,并且stay为不及物动词,从句不需要宾语。
where代替先行词the hotel在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于we stayed in the hotel。
2)The building where he lives is very old. 他住的这栋建筑很老旧。
把从句的含义补全应该为:he lives in the building,先行词building加上介词in在从句中作状语,关系词用where或in which。
3)Put it at the place where you have found it. 把它放在你发现它的地方。
高中英语---状语从句一、概念:状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。
一般可分为九大类,状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。
二、分类及使用1. 时间状语从句(1) when ①.when引导的时间状语从句,其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作的动词,可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。
when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.② when还可表示just then(正在那时)的意思,此时所引导的从句放在主句之后。
we were about to start when it began to rain.(2) as引导的时间状语从句 as侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边,一边。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.(3) while “在…期间”,所引导的从句的动作是延续性的,并表示和主句的动作同时发生。
(4) before引导① before“在…之前” I’ll be back before you have left.② before“…之后才” It may be many years before we meet again.(5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导as soon as 是最常见的表示“一…就”的从属连词,其他连词还有immediately,instantly,the instant (that),the minute(that) ,the moment(that)等,它们通常都可与as soon as换用。
As soon as we got home, the telephone rang.I recognized her immediately I saw her.(6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是“刚…就”,它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。
如:He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.(7) since引导在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时,主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在时:We’ve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
(8) till/until引导 till和until同义,作“直到…时(为止)”解。
Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D course.2. 地点状语从句(1) where引导“在(或到)…的地方”Where there is a will, there is a way.(2) wherever引导wherever=no matter where,后者只能放句首。
Whereever (no matter where) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed.3. 原因状语从句(1) because引导通常用于回答why引出的疑问句,从句一般位于主句后面。
I didn’t go abroad with her because I couldn’t afford it.(2) as引导从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和since换用。
As I didn’t know the way,I asked a policeman.(3) since引导从句多位于主句之前,可以和as换用。
Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane.(4) now(that)引导的原因状语从句 now(that)“既然”,Now(that) you have passed your test you can drive on your own.(5) seeing (that)引导的原因状语从句 Seeing (that)“鉴于;由于”,通常用于非正式文体。
Seeing (that) the weather is bad,we’ll stay at home.4. 目的状语从句(1) in order that引导“为了;以便”。
多用于正式文体,可以与so that换用。
They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake.(2) so (that)引导“为了;以便”。
so that通常可以与in order that换用,它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后,在非正式文体中,常省略that。
如:Speak clearly so that they may understand you.(3) in case/for fear (that)等引导in case,for fear(that)这俩个从属连词都表示否定目的,意思是“以免”,“以防”。
in case它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式,也可以是虚拟语气形式;for fear(that)引导的从句中的谓语带有may,might,should等情态动词Take your umbrella in case it rains.He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain.5. 结果状语从句(1) so that引导从句只能位于主句之后,so that引导什么从句根据句意来判断Suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.(2) so...that引导“如此…以致”,that可以省略,so后面接形容词或副词。
She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying.(3) such...that引导的结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的such...that的具体内容是:such+a/an+形容词+名词+that从句。
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that=so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句。
The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed.=The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed.6. 条件状语从句(1) if引导译成“如果”If I were a bird ,I would fly.(2) unless引导否定条件状语从句,在意义上相当于if...not,语气较强,一般不用虚拟语气。
You’ll be late unless you hurry.(3) if only引导意为“只要;如果”。
I’ll let you use the car if only you keep it in good condition.(4) as/so long as引导意为“只要;如果”。
As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play.(5) provided (that)/providing (that)引导意为“如果;只要”。
I will agree to go providing that my expense are paid.7. 让步状语从句(1) although/though引导都作“虽然;尽管”解,通常可以换用,Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.(2) even if/though引导“即使,纵然”,从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。
Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment.(4) while引导意为“虽然,尽管”,While I understand your point of view,I do not share it.(5) whatever/no matter what引导作“无论什么”解,Whatever/No matter what he says,don’t go.(6) whichever/no matter which引导作“无论哪个”解Whichever/No matter which you buy, there is a six-month guarantee.(7) whoever/no matter who引导作“无论谁”解You can’t come in, whoever you are.(8) however/no matter how引导作“无论如何…”解However high it may be,it can’t reach the sky.(9) whenever/no matter when引导作“无论何时”解,Whenever I’m unhappy,he cheers me up.(10) as引导作“虽然;尽管”和“即使”解,此时要用倒装句Strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it. Late as it was, they continued to study.8. 方式状语从句(1) as引导意为“以…方式;如同…那样”,从句有时是省略句。
Air is to man as water is to fish.(2) as if/as though引导作“好像,仿佛”解。
从句往往用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。