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Next Generation of Common Rail Diesel Injection

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3rd Aachen Colloquium China Automobile and Engine Technology 2013 1 Next Generation of Piezo Common Rail Diesel Injection Systems to Manage all Upcoming Market Needs for Light Vehicles

Dipl.-Ing. Peter Rankl, Dr.-Ing. Detlev Schöppe, Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Lehmann, Dipl.-Ing. Nicolas Nozeran, Dipl.-Ing. Friedrich Kapphan Continental, Shanghai, China, and Regensburg, Germany

Summary Fun-to-drive autos with further reduction of CO2 and pollutant emissions will be the ongoing focus of the automotive industry. New worldwide, harmonized test cycles and off-cycle emission tests increase the challenge. But modern diesel engines do not only need to comply with upcoming emission legislations, they also compete against direct-injected, turbocharged gasoline engines so they must remain a synonym for “fun-to-drive” while keeping the unbeaten fuel efficiency.

The ongoing development of future diesel engines requires higher precision, flexibility and lifetime stability of FIE (Fuel Injection Equipment) systems. To fulfill these needs Continental is going to launch two new diesel piezo common rail engine management injection systems, for mainstream diesel engines the PCRs5 system featuring servo-driven injectors, the other one for high performance engines is called PCRd1 and features direct-driven piezo injectors.

Both systems include a new generation of single piston pumps and the next generation electronics platform called ECU14.

This report provides an overview about these two new diesel piezo common rail injection system solutions, the associated key components, the related functions and engine results.

1 Introduction Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) will remain the prevalent form of propulsion for automobiles throughout this decade and the next. Key challenges are to fulfill further legislation requirements concerning emissions and CO2 reduction, meaning efficiency of the engines and the vehicles have to be further improved. All key markets require CO2 limits around 100 g/km in the 2020 to 2025 time frame, see figure 1. 2 3rd Aachen Colloquium China Automobile and Engine Technology 2013 Fig. 1: CO2 legislation in key markets [reference 1] At the same time keeping the fun-to-drive feeling is one of the key desires of the end consumers. The modern diesel engine especially fulfills such requirements for lowest CO2 emissions and high engine performance, combined with the capability to cover long distances under any conditions, based on a fuel supply network that covers every corner of the earth.

So a good future can be predicted for modern clean diesel engines, well reflected in volume forecasts in the established diesel markets remaining stable for the upcoming years, see figure 2.

Fig. 2: Volume forecasts diesel (grey) in EU, India, Asean, China 3rd Aachen Colloquium China Automobile and Engine Technology 2013 3 In Europe the estimated volume in 2020 is 10.8 million. Having in mind on the one side the EU6 emission legislation and the 2020 fleet average requirement of 95 g/km for CO2 and on the other side the trend that the majority of diesel engines will be applied in heavier vehicles, a growing need for high performing diesel fuel injection equipment becomes obvious. As to diesels, South Korea is expected to follow the European legislation as before; for 2020 the forecast is that roughly one million vehicles will be equipped with diesel engines.

Do not let us forget to mention US; although there was not any remarkable success in promoting more diesel engines over the years, the 2025 CO2 reduction requirements and the desire of US consumers to own bigger cars, might open new potentials for clean diesel engines, especially in the heavy pick-up and van segments.

Other important diesel markets like India (2020: 3.9 million), China (2020: 3.0 million) and Asean (2020: 1.9 million with Thailand leading concerning volumes) will be also faced with CO2 regulations becoming more stringent; EU6 comparable regulations are expected to come into force there in the 2020 to 2025 time frame.

In order to support best all these diesel engine manufacturers for their development of high performing clean diesel engines with lowest possible CO2 and emissions output, Continental has developed these two latest generation diesel piezo common rail engine management systems covering in total the world market’s needs for vehicles up to 6 tons.

2 Continental piezo common rail systems overview The systems consist of the following key components: • Servo-driven piezo injector PCRs5 in the PCRs5 system • Direct-driven piezo injector PCRd1 in the PCRd1 system • Electronic control unit ECU14, versions for both systems • Advanced software functionality • Radial 1-piston pump family DHP1

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潍柴G-Drive发动机系列产品目录

潍柴G-Drive发动机系列产品目录

North America3100 Golf Road, Rolling Meadows, IL, 60008 USAPhone 1-847-7257030Fax 1-847-7257060SingaporeWestech Building, 237 Pandan Loop #05-11,128424 SingaporePhone 65-67792729Fax 65-67797195Middle EastRA08, LA04, Jebel Ali Free Zone, Dubai, UAEPhone 97-1-48810650Fax 97-1-48810651Worldwide OfficesRussia178 Partizanskiy Avenue, office 606, Minsk,220075 Republic of BelarusPhone 375-17-3462290Fax 375-17-3462097IndiaNo-201, Pentagon Tower P3, Magarpattacity,Pune, Maharashtra, 411013 IndiaPhone 91-20-30162800Fax 91-20-30262820HeadquartersNO.197A, Fushou East Str., High-techIndustrial Development Zone,Weifang, Shandong, 261205 ChinaPhone 86-536-8269988Fax 86-536-8232079*****************For more information, please visit:THE BEST DIESELENGINE BY WEICHAIWeifang, China, R&DChicago, USA, R&DHangzhou, China,Computing CenterForli, Italy, R&DXi’an, China, R&DChongqing,China, R&DMarseilles, France, R&DWiesbaden, Germany, R&DYangzhou, China, R&DShanghai, China, R&D SYSTEM AND FIELD CERTIFICATIONSWeichai has four business platforms covering vehicle,powertrain, luxury yacht and auto parts. Its subsidiariesare spread across Europe, North America, SoutheastAsia and other regions. Global Research andDevelopment Operation centers are established inChicago, Marseilles, Forli, Frankfurt and Singapore. Atpresent, Weichai has offices in more than 30 countriesand over 400 authorized service stations. Weichaiproducts are sold in 100 countries and regions aroundthe world. The inventory of overseas engines reaches250,000 and that of heavy-duty trucks exceeds 100,000.Weichai is committed to extending its industry supplychain and improving its competitiveness throughstrategic investments. Weichai acquired FrenchBaudouin in 2009, further expanding engine business. In2012, Weichai Group acquired 75 percent of Italy'sFerretti, the world's largest luxury yacht manufacturingenterprise. Later in 2012, Weichai Group subsidiary,Weichai Power, signed a strategic cooperationagreement with KION Group, one of the world's topindustrial forklift truck manufacturers and global leaderof the hydraulic technology. Weichai aims to providemaximum satisfaction through its full range of engineand power offerings.R&D CAPABILITYIn China, Weichai Power is not only one of the earliestengine manufactures, but also the biggest diesel enginemanufacturer.Their product of industrial generation havebeen sold to 76 countries and regions, and receiveddeep trust from customers.For half a century, Weichai Power Weichai Power hasdedicated dedicated to explore the application anddevelopment of diesel engine, to provide full series, fullfield engine for customers, to active showing concern onecological environment, to constant R & D for bringingout low emission product,to be the No.1 of this industryand to obtain more acceptance from customers.Currently, Weichai Power has four series of engineproducts for land generation, including WP2.1-WP4.3series, WP4/WP6 series, WP10/WP12/WP13 series,Baudouin M26 series. At present, its high speed seriesproducts have been passed EU Stage II emissioncertificate. The power of Weichai diesel engine productsranges from 17.5 to 920kW and that of gas engineproducts ranges from 30 to 225kW, all of which havebeen sold in large quantities.Weichai Power, the supplier to provide you with overallpower service!M26WP10/12/13WP4/6WP2.1-4.3Gas EngineEU StageⅡEU StageⅢ$India CPCBⅠIndia CPCBⅡMechanical Injection PumpMechanical Injection PumpMechanical Injection PumpMechanical Injection PumpHigh-Pressure Common RailHigh-Pressure Common RailEGR+Mechanical Pump17.5601824405014440292090660Power (kW)WEICHAI G-DRIVE ENGINE TECHNOLOGYAfter optimization on the structure and sealing, the newlydesigned air filter has higher filtering efficiency, cleanerintake, more compact structure, and easier replacement offilter element;The optimization on intake and exhaust system, fuelsystem and turbocharger makes more fluent intake andcomplete combustion with a lower fuel consumption andusing cost; Optimization of cooling piping. Suspensionbracket can play the role of both vibration reduction andtransport bracket which is convenient for installation;The newly designed oil pan is of boat shape structure,which can increase the oil heat radiation area and play therole of vibration reduction;PRODUCT FEATURESGreat Fuel Efficiency● Optimized engine intake and fuel system; ● Lower engine fuel consumptionG-DRIVE DIESEL ENGINEEngineTypeCylinder numberBore×Stroke(mm)Fuel Consumption(g/kw·h)Electric SystemGovernor MethodWP2.1in line,four-stroke,Water-cooled485×92İ235DC12VMechanicWP4.3WP4WP6WP10WP12WP13M26in line, four-stoke,water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledV-arrangement,four-stroke,Water-cooled4466666,8,12105x125105×130105×130126×130126×155127×165150×150İ235İ205İ205İ200İ200İ200İ200DC12V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24VMechanic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Electronic226B-3in line,four-stroke,Water-cooled3105×120İ205DC24VMechanic/ElectronicEngineTypeCylinder numberBore×Stroke(mm)Fuel Consumption(g/kw·h)Electric SystemGovernor MethodWP2.1in line,four-stroke,Water-cooled485×92İ235DC12VMechanicWP4.3WP4WP6WP10WP12WP13M26in line, four-stoke,water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledin line,four-stroke,Water-cooledV-arrangement,four-stroke,Water-cooled4466666,8,12105x125105×130105×130126×130126×155127×165150×150İ235İ205İ205İ200İ200İ200İ200DC12V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24VMechanic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Mechanic/Electronic Electronic226B-3in line,four-stroke,Water-cooled3105×120İ205DC24VMechanic/ElectronicPrime kW17.52233.33850212640453045609012013836506090108120144182216240288350182216240288350440880460920Standby kW19243742552329 44503350661001321524055661001181321582002382643173852002382643173854849685061012Displacement L2.12.53.94.34.12.12.53.94.33.13.14.54.56.86.83.13.14.54.54.56.86.89.79.79.711.612.59.79.79.711.612.515.931.815.931.8AspirationNANANANANANANANANANATTTATATANATTTATATATATATATATATATATATATATATATATATAGenset Power kW/KVA12/1516/2424/3030/3840/5016/2420/2530/3840/5024/3030/3850/6375/94100/125120/15030/3840/5050/6375/9490/113100/125120/150150/188180/225200/250250/313300/375150/188180/225200/250250/313300/375400/500800/1000400/500800/1000Type50Hz 1500rpm60Hz 1800rpm50Hz 1500rpm60Hz 1800rpm50Hz 1500rpm60Hz 1800rpm50Hz 1500rpm60Hz 1800rpmModelsWP2.1-WP4.3WP4/WP6WP10WP12/WP13M26Engine ModelWP2.1D18E2WP2.5D22E2WP3.9D33E2WP4.3D38E2WP4.1D50E2WP2.1D21E2WP2.5D26E2WP3.9D40E2WP4.3D45E2D226B-3DTD226B-3DWP4D66E200WP4D100E200WP6D132E200WP6D152E200D226B-3D1TD226B-3D1WP4D66E201WP4D100E201WP4D118E201WP6D132E201WP6D158E201WP10D200E200WP10D238E200WP10D264E200WP12D317E200WP13D385E200WP10D200E201WP10D238E201WP10D264E201WP12D317E201WP13D385E2016M26D484E20012M26D968E2006M26D506E20112M26D1012E201Land-BasedG-Drive EngineG-Drive Diesel Engine　NA: Nature aspiration; T: Turbocharged ; TA : Turbocharged and aftercooled ;Engine ModelWP2.1CD18E1WP2.5CD22E1WP3.9CD33E1WP4.3CD38E1D226B-3CD TD226B-3CDWP4CD66E200WP4CD100E200WP6CD132E200WP6CD152E200D226B-3CD1TD226B-3CD1WP4CD66E201WP4CD100E201WP4CD118E201WP6CD132E201WP6CD158E201WP10CD200E200WP10CD238E200WP10CD264E200WP12CD317E200WP13CD385E200WP10CD200E201WP10CD238E201WP10CD264E201WP12CD317E201WP13CD385E2016M26CD506E20012M26CD1012E2006M26CD506E20112M26CD1012E201Prime kW17.52233.3383040609012013836506090108120144182216240288350182216240288350460920460920Standby kW1924374233446610013215240556610011813215820023826431738520023826431738550610125061012Displacement L2.12.53.94.33.13.14.54.56.86.83.13.14.54.54.56.86.89.79.79.711.612.59.79.79.711.612.515.931.815.931.8AspirationNA NA NA NA NA T T TA TA TA NA T T TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TA TAGenset power kW/KVA12/1516/2424/3030/3824/3030/3850/6375/94100/125120/15030/3840/5050/6375/9490/113100/125120/150150/188180/225200/250250/313300/375150/188180/225200/250250/313300/375400/500800/1000400/500800/1000Type50Hz 1500rpm60Hz 1800rpm50Hz 1500rpm 60Hz 1800rpm50Hz 1500rpm50Hz 1500rpm60Hz 1800rpmMarine-Based G-Drive EngineModelsWP2.1-WP4.3WP10/WP12/WP13M26WP4/WP6G-Drive Diesel EngineNA: Nature aspiration; T: Turbocharged ; TA : Turbocharged and aftercooled ;Prime kWElectric SystemGovernor MethodGenset Power kW/KVACylinder NumberEngine ModelBore×StrokemmFuel Consumption g/kw.hDisplacementLAspirationOverviewG-DRIVE GAS ENGINEEach series of Weichai generating gas engine is developed and designed on the basis of corresponding matured Weichai diesel engine and uses LNG, CNG, and methane as the fuel. A completely new design on piston, valve and valve seat ring and cooling method is conducted on it as per such advantages of gas engine as high heat value and high exhaust temperature and so on. With mature and reliable WoodWard gas electrical control injection system, its power, reliability and economy can reach the same level of similar diesel engine, which makes it the ideal power for gen-set with gas engine.More than 10000 gas engines have been sold every year.* Available After December 201490108120144182216240260288660550350Electronic Electronic Electronic Electronic Electronic Electronic Electronic Electronic Electronic ElectronicElectronic Electronic 215215215215215215215215215215215215DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24V DC24VDC24V DC24V 75/9490/113100/125120/150150/188180/225200/250230/287.5250/312.5600/705500/625500/625666666666121212WP6D100E200NG WP6D118E200NG WP6D132E200NG WP10D158E200NG WP10D200E200NG WP12D238E200NG WP12D260E200NG WP13D286E200NG WP13D317E200NG *12M26D726Z200NG*12M26D605E200NG *6M26D385Z200NG 150×150105×130105×130105×130126×130126×130126×155126×155127×165127×165150×150150×150 6.26.26.29.79.711.611.612.512.531.831.815.9T T T T T T T T T TT T T: TurbochargedWeichai Power has a broad market in 100 countries and regions in five continents. Recently, it has had aninternational service network covering the global operations with 30 overseas institutions and 247service agencies,which proves that Weichai Power has the initial ability to provide services to worldwide uses.INTERNATIONAL SERVICE NETWORKNorth America Operations Center (Chicago)European R&D and ManufacturingBase (Marseille)Singapore Operations CenterXu WenwuRussiaMongoliaKazakstanTajikistanAzerbaijianSingaporeIndonesiaPhilippinesMalaysiaThailandBurmaVietnamIndiaBangladeshPakistanIranUnited Arab EmiratesSaudi ArabiaFranceTurkeyAlgeriaLibyaKenyaEthiopiaSudanSouth AfricaAngolaNigeriaGhanaBrazilEcuadorChilePeruAmericaAn PengfeiSun GongchunZhang MengZhao XiaoguangShan HongwuCheng ShouliangLi HaoZhang TengfeiXu HongluanHu XudongSun ShaojieNing AizhongPan ShankaoZhang YongLiu HaitaoLuan ShengzhiChen YunSui ZhenHuo ChunleiZhang LeiHuo ChunleiLiu HuiCao LeiHu XiaoqunMa XiaoxiaoGuan FengFu YongshengSong ZhipingZhang HaishengChen WeichaoWang HaiqiangLin ChuanmeiZhang YunjianLiu Haifeng00792991132800097699602398007701172546600992929630037009945598055580065923692590062812951969810063923350368200601112291558006691117828800959450043892008494432699600917387089802008801711542654009221352493100098912434198800971196852202009665633570180086189****808500905393456501002136966642540021892382829700254717498889002519249094630024996812678000277172820450024492477127500234816888880800233246588890005511259467250056956034024005198413178800122425065640016302102355Yang ZhaoxiaDing WeiWang HongshanYang ZhaoxiaZhuo LaixianLiu SenHuang HongguangLi JianChen WushengAreaCommonwealth ofIndenpent StatesSoutheast AsiaSouth AsiaMiddle EastEurope andNorth AfricaEast AfricaSouth AfricaWest AfricaSouth AmericaNorth AmericaLiu HaifengBill ShenOfficeHao FengZhong LeiAmit DeshpandeGao JinguiWan KuishaoWang ChangcongWang LuSales Manager Service Manager**************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Local Tel E-mail。

海宝汽车公司 Creta 新型 SUV说明书

海宝汽车公司 Creta 新型 SUV说明书

Dealer stamp CRETAHyundai Motor CompanyGEN. LHD 1806 ENG. WDCopyright © 2018 Hyundai Motor Company. All Rights Reserved.The new CRETAMakes more possible.CRETA really does make more possible. First, it gives you big car roominess and versatility but without the big car price. And second, it drives just like a sedan and feels just as comfortable thanks to its spacious, well-appointed interior. Its high seating position promotes a feeling of safety and security inspiring greater confidence. CRETA really does open up the door to all kinds of possibilities.A Style that Really Gets You GoingSeating five in high style and in decent comfort, CRETA doesn't leave much to be desired. Whether in basic GL trim or the premium GLS, CRETA packs more standard features than the competition and proves that good things really do come in small packages.Confident style.Front design Rear design Projection headlampsFog lamp with LED daytime running lights (DRL)17˝alloy wheels Rear combination lampsA winning design.From any point of view, CRETA has the looks of a winner. Crisp masculine lines give it an assertive presence that inspires driver confidence. Arrive in style and be prepared to get all the attention.Leather steering wheelMade with premium leather and extra-fine stitching, this steering wheel shows exquisite workmanship and feels absolutely luxurious. A leather-wrapped gear knob is included as part of this option package.Supervision gauge clusterPleasing and highly soothing to the eyes, this high-tech display borrows technology from our luxury sedans. Vital vehicle information is conveyed in vivid shades of blue, white and red and in exquisitely fine resolution.Sounds goodCRETA's two front and two rear speakers have been acoustically tuned to deliver rich, clear sound quality that is capable of satisfying the most discriminating audiophile. Performance can be upgraded with two front tweeters.Inner beauty.CRETA’s footprint may be small but inside it is packed with plenty of big features: That’s the beauty of CRETA. The cabin is surprisingly well-appointed and spacious. Even more impressive is how agile and nimble it is in city driving. And options that make driving easier such as RearParking Assist that makes parking an absolute breeze even in the tightest of spots.Smart keyA proximity sensor detects the key fob allowing the automatic unlocking of the door and push button engine starts.Seat variationThe rear space is highly flexible and can be configured to carry a variety of different combinations of cargo and passengers. CRETA's cargo compartment is cavernous: It offers up to 1,396 liters of space with seats folded flat. That's more than any other competitor.Versatile space.CRETA sets you free to let you explore the great outdoors. Comfortably seating up to five adults, CRETA’s spacious interior takes versatility to new heights with its split-rear seats which can be folded down to make room for extra cargo.CRETA’s powerplants are tried and true workhorses that have earned a reputation for reliability, responsiveness and low running costs. CRETA comes with a choice of engines and transmissions to better meet individual requirements. All Hyundai powertrains feature advanced technologies that promote confident driving.Reliable performance.Gasoline 1.6 MPiWhen pushed hard, the 16-valve Gamma engineresponds delightfully. Featuring an-all aluminumengine block and a DOHC cylinder head tominimize weight and fuel consumption, this beautyboasts an impressive weight-to-power ratio.Automatic transmission Manual transmissionDiesel 1.6 CRDiA Variable Geometry Turbocharger and a CommonRail Diesel Injection system help the U2 generateamazing amounts of torque. This small andimpressively quiet powerhouse comes with a choiceof manual or automatic six-speed transmissions.Enjoy smooth, effortless andquiet shifting with the six-speedautomatic.The manual six-speed deliverssporty performance and greateconomy.Diesel 1.4 CRDiThis smaller edition of the U2 engine is specificallydesigned for those who value economy andutility above all else. For simplicity and reliability,it features a waste gate-type turbocharger and ismated to a six-speed manual gearbox.With its own captive steel manufacturing division, Hyundai knows steel like no other automaker. Applying that knowledge to CRETA has resulted in the safest possible body structure. The use of advanced high strength steel in CRETA’s body structure has been increased to 22 percent-the highest ratio in the segment. The result is an incredibly rigid body that can safely absorb crash impact forces like no other.Trusted safety.6-airbag systemThe latest depowered-type front airbags serve the driver and front seat passenger. Side airbags protect the thorax and pelvic areas of the driver and front seat passenger. Curtain airbags provide head protection across the side window areas. Along with 6 Airbags, Driver & Passenger Seatbelt Pretensioners areapplied for enhanced safety performance.Hill-start assist controlElectronic stability controlUsing inputs from multiple sensors including vehiclespeed and performing thousands of calculations per second, ESC regulates engine output and adjusts braking power overindividual wheels to prevent the loss of directional control.Anti-lock brake systemIn a panic braking situation, one or more wheels may lose traction which leads to a loss of directional control. ABS applies braking power over individual wheels to help the driver maintain full directional control of the vehicle.When stopped on a steep hill and releasing the brake to begin acceleration, HAC automatically takes over and eliminates the worry of accidentally rolling backwards. (Included with ESC)Push button startBasic clusterManual air conditionerChild seat anchorBasic AM / FM MP3 playerFull auto air conditionerPremium AM / FM MP3 playerDoor scuff platesSliding center consoleElectronic chromic mirror (ECM)FeaturesRadiator grillePower sunroofProjection headlampsOutside mirrorsChrome handlesTailgate wiperRear spoilerRoof rackFront and rear skid plateTinted glass 16˝steel covers16˝alloy wheels17˝alloy wheelsDimensionsSpecifications●The above values are results from internal testing and are subject to change after validation.●Some of the equipment illustrated or described in this catalog may not be supplied as standard equipment and may be available at extra cost.●Hyundai Motor Company reserves the right to change specifications and equipment without prior notice.●The color plates shown may vary slightly from the actual colors due to the limitations of the printing process.●Please consult your dealer for full information and availability on colors and trims.Overall height(Including roof rack)1,630 (1,635)Unit : mm Exterior colorsTwo-tone roofPolar White(PSW)Sleek Silver(RHM)Star Dust(V3G)Marina Blue(S8U)Phantom Black(X5B)Passion Orange(TE3)Fiery Red(R4R)White+BlackOrange+BlackInterior trimsWoven GLSLeatherWoven GLSLeatherWoven GLS4,280Overall length2,590Wheel baseOverall width1,7801,544.6Wheel tread*Wheel tread*1,558*Wheel tread : 16˝(front and rear) - 1,556.5 / 1,570。

汽车电子控制系统英文缩写汇总

汽车电子控制系统英文缩写汇总

•汽车电子控制系统英文缩写AFM 空气流量计AIC 空气喷射控制AIS 空气喷射系统ALT 海拔开关A/M 自动—手动ASC 自动稳定性控制AT(A/T) 自动变速器ATS 空气温度传感器B+ 蓄电池正极BPA 旁通空气BPS 大气压力传感器BTSC 上止点前CCS 巡航控制系统CFI 中央燃油喷射CFI 连续燃油喷射CID 判缸传感器CIS (燃油)连续喷射系统CIS气缸识别传感器(判缸传感器) CNG 天然气CNGV 天然气汽车CPS 轮轴位置传感器CPS 曲轴位置传感器CPU 中央处理器CTP 节气门关闭位置CTS 冷却液温度传感器CYL 气缸（传感器）DC 直流电DI 分电器点火DIS 无分电器点火系统DIAGN 诊断DLC 数据线接DLI 无分电器点火DTC 诊断故障码ECA 电子控制点火提前ECCA发动机集中控制系统ECD 电子控制柴油机ECM 发动机控制模块ECT 电控变速器ECT 发动机机冷却液温度ECU 电子控制单元(电脑) EDS 柴油机电控系EEC 发动机电子控制EFI 电控燃油喷射EGI 电控汽油喷射EGR 废气再循环EIS 电子点火系统EPA 环保机构ER 发动机运转ESA 电子点火提前EST 电子点火正时EUT 电子控制燃油喷射系统EVAP燃油蒸气排放控制装置FP 燃油泵FTMP 燃油温度FFM 热膜式空气质量流量计HAC 海拔(高度)补偿阀HEI 高能点火HEUI液压电子控制燃油喷射系统HIC 热怠速空气补偿阀HO2S 加热型氧传感器HZ 故障灯IAA 怠速空气调整IAB 进气旁通控制系统IAC 进气控制IACV 进气控制阀常用汽车英文缩写含义全攻略Quattro-全时四轮驱动系统Tiptronic-轻触子-自动变速器Multitronic-多极子-无级自动变速器控制系统ABC-车身主动控制系统DSC-车身稳定控制系统VSC-车身稳定控制系统TRC-牵引力控制系统TCS-牵引力控制系统ABS-防抱死制动系统ASR-加速防滑系统BAS-制动辅助系统DCS-车身动态控制系统EBA-紧急制动辅助系统EBD-电子制动力分配系统EDS-电子差速锁ESP-电子稳定程序系统HBA-液压刹车辅助系统HDC-坡道控制系统HAC-坡道起车控制系统DAC-下坡行车辅助控制系统A-TRC--车身主动循迹控制系统SRS-双安全气囊SAHR-主动性头枕GPS-车载卫星定位导航系统i-Drive--智能集成化操作系统Dynamic.Drive-主动式稳定杆发动机R-直列多缸排列发动机V-V型汽缸排列发动机B-水平对置式排列多缸发动机WA-汪克尔转子发动机W-W型汽缸排列发动机Fi-前置发动机（纵向）Fq-前置发动机（横向）Mi-中置发动机（纵向）Mq-中置发动机（横向）Hi-后置发动机（纵向）Hq-后置发动机（横向）气门OHV-顶置气门，侧置凸轮轴OHC-顶置气门，上置凸轮轴DOHC-顶置气门，双上置凸轮轴CVT C-连续可变气门正时机构VVT-i--气门正时机构VVTL-i--气门正时机构V-化油器ES-单点喷射汽油发动机EM-多点喷射汽油发动机SDi-自然吸气式超柴油发动机TDi-Turbo直喷式柴油发动机ED-缸内直喷式汽油发动机PD-泵喷嘴D-柴油发动机（共轨）DD-缸内直喷式柴油发动机缸内直喷式发动机（分层燃烧/均质燃烧）TA-Turbo（涡轮增压）NOS-氧化氮气增压系统MA-机械增压FF-前轮驱动FR-后轮驱动Ap-恒时全轮驱动Az-接通式全轮驱动ASM 动态稳定系统AYC主动偏行系统ST-无级自动变速器AS-转向臂QL-横向摆臂DQL-双横向摆臂LL-纵向摆臂SL-斜置摆臂ML-多导向轴SA-整体式车桥DD-德迪戎式独立悬架后桥 VL-复合稳定杆式悬架后桥FB-弹性支柱DB-减震器支柱BF-钢板弹簧悬挂SF-螺旋弹簧悬挂DS-扭力杆GF-橡胶弹簧悬挂LF-空气弹簧悬挂HP-液气悬架阻尼HF-液压悬架QS-横向稳定杆S-盘式制动Si-内通风盘式制动T-鼓式制动SFI-连续多点燃油喷射发动机FSI-直喷式汽油发动机PCM - 动力控制模块~EGR -废气循环再利用BCM - 车身控制模块~ICM - 点火控制模块~MAP - 空气流量计ST-无级自动变速器FF-“前置引擎前轮驱动”FR-“前置引擎后轮驱动”RR-“后置引擎后轮驱动”CDI-common-rail diesel injection 共轨柴油直喷 GDI-gasoline direct injection 汽油直喷IAR 进气谐振器IAT 进气温度IC 点火控制IC 集成电路ICM 点火控制模块IDL 怠速IDM 点火诊断监控器IDM 喷油器驱动模块IGD点火检测信号(缸序判别)IGF 点火反馈信号IGN 点火IGSW 点火开关IGT 点火正时信号IMV 进气歧管真空度INJ 喷油器ISA 怠速执行器ISC 怠速控制ISCA 怠速控制执行器ISCV 怠速控制阀KC 爆燃控制KS 爆燃传感器LED 发光二极管LH 热线式空气流量计LPGV 液化石油气LPGV 液化石油气汽车MAF 空气质量流量MAP 进气管绝对压力传感器MAT 进气管空气温度MFI 多点燃油喷射MIL 故障指示灯MPI 多点喷射N/C空档起动开关/离合器开关NPS 空档/驻车开关NSW 空档起动开关O2氧传感器OBD 随车电脑诊断系统OC 氧化催化O2S 氧传感器OX、OXS 氧传感器PCV 曲轴箱强制通风PFI 进气口燃油喷射P/N 停车/空档PNP 停车/空档位置RAM 随机存储器ROM 只读存储器SABV 二次空气旁通阀SAE 汽车工程学会(美国) SAMC 一次空气控制系统SEFI 顺序电子燃油喷射SFI 顺序燃油喷射SPI 单点喷射SPD 速度传感器SSD 专用维修工具STA 起动STJ 冷起动喷油器TAP 节气门转角(开度)位置TBI 节气门体燃油喷射TC 涡轮增压器TDC 上止点TDCL 丰田诊断插座THA 进气温度THW 冷却液温度TP 节气门位置TPI 进气口喷射TPS 节气门位置传感器TWC 三元催化转化器TRC 驱动力控制(牵引)系统VAF 叶片式空气流量计VAF 体积式空气剂量计VAT 进气温度AAS 怠速空气调节螺丝ABV 空气旁通阀ABS 制动防抱死系统AC 交流电A/C 空调ACC 活性炭罐ACIS 声控进气系统ACT 进气温度ACU空调怠速提升真空开关阀ACV 二次空气喷射阀A/F 空燃比AFS 空气流量传感器ASR 加速防滑控制系统TCS 循迹控制系统ETS 电子循迹支援系统ESP 电子稳定系统EBD 电子制动力分布EBA 电子控制制动EPS 电子方向助力系统PCM 动力控制单元汽车英文缩写字母代表的含义不同规格的汽车有许多不同的代号、字母和数字，现将汽车规格表的内容介绍如下：一、车型车型英文及缩写轿车二门2D 三门3D 四门4D 五门5D二、传动系统三、发动机系统即其气缸排列在两侧，成“V”字型，“6、8、12”表示气缸数量，V6表示“6缸V型发动机”，其优点是发动机的布置紧凑，占用空间小。

润滑油常用术语的英文缩写及对照

润滑油常用术语的英文缩写及对照

润滑油常用术语的英文缩写对应的英文全称和中文全称AFR Air/Fuel Ratio 空/燃比AFV Alternative Fuel Vehicle 代用燃料汽车AMT Automated Manual Transmission 自动手动传动ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动传动液BOI Base Oil Interchanger基础油互换BRT Ball Rust Test 球锈蚀试验BTU British Thermal Units 英热单位CP Centipoise 厘泊CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Economy 公司平均燃料经济性CCD Combustion Chamber Deposit 燃烧室沉积CCS Cold Cranking Simulator 冷启动模拟器CFPP Cold Filter Plugging Point 冷滤点CNG Compressed Natural Gas 压缩天然气CO Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳CR Common Rail (Diesel Injection) 同轨(柴油喷射)CRTV Commercial Road Transport Vehicle 公路商用运输车辆cSt Centistokes 厘沱CVT Continuously Variable Transmission 连续可变传动DEO Diesel Engine Oil 柴油发动机油DI Detergent Inhibitor 清净分散抗氧复合剂DI Direct Injection 直喷DOT Department of Transport 美国运输部EELQMS European Engine Lubricants Quality Management System 欧洲发动机润滑油质量管理系统EEV Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicles and Engines 强化的欧洲环境友好车辆和发动机EFI Electronic Fuel Injection 电子燃油喷射EGR Exhaust Gas Recycling 废气循环EHD Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑EOLCS Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System (of API) 发动机油润滑油登记及认证系统分类系统(属API)EPEFE European Programme on Emissions, Fuels & Engine T echnologies 欧洲排放、燃料及发动机技术计划ESCS Engine Service Classification System (API) 发动机服务分类系统(API)EUI Electronic Unit Injector 电子单元喷射FEO Fuel Economy Oil 节能油FTP Federal Test Procedure (USA) 联邦试验程序(美国)FWD Front Wheel Drive 前轮驱动GDI Gasoline (Engine) Direct Injection 汽油(发动机)直喷HC Hydrocarbon 烃HD Heavy Duty (vehicle or lubricant) 重负荷(车辆或润滑油) HDDEO Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Oil 重负荷柴油机油HSDI High Speed Direct Injection (diesel engine) 高速直喷(柴油发动机)HT/HS High Temperature/High Shear (viscosity) 高温高剪切(粘度)HVI High Viscosity Index 高粘度指数IDI Indirect Injection 间接喷射KV Kinematic Viscosity 运动粘度LCV Light Commercial Vehicle 轻型商用车LEV Low Emissions Vehicle 低排放车LOFI Lubricant Oil Flow Improver 润滑油流动改进剂LPG Liquified Petroleum Gas 液化石油气LRG Lead Replacement Gasoline 铅替代汽油LSADO Low Sulphur Automotive Diesel Oil 低硫汽车柴油MIL Military Specification (USA) 美国军用规格MRV Mini Rotary Viscometer 微型旋转粘度计MTAC Multiple Test Acceptance Criteria 多次试验评分标准MTF Manual Transmission Fluid 手动传动液NOX Nitrous Oxides 氮氧化物OBD On-board diagnostics 车上诊断OCP Olefin Co-Polymer 烯烃共聚物ODI Oil Drain Interval 换油期OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer 设备原制造商OPEST Oil Protection and Emission System Test 油品保护及排放系统试验PC- API Categories for Diesel engines API 柴油发动机油分类PCMO Passenger Car Motor Oil 轿车发动机油PCD Passenger Car Diesel 轿车柴油PCV Passenger Car Vehicle 乘用车PFI Port Fuel Injection 喷嘴燃油喷射PIB Polyisobutene 聚异丁烯PM Particulate Matter 颗粒物PM10 Particulate matter with particle size below 10 microns 小于10微米的颗粒物PPD Pour Point Depressant 降凝剂PTF Power Transmission Fluid 动力传动液SHPD Super High Performance Diesel (oil) 超高性能柴油机油SIP Styrene Isoprene Co-Polymers 苯乙烯-异戊二烯共聚物SSI Shear Stability Index 剪切稳定性指数STUO Super Tractor Universal Oil 拖拉机超级通用油TAN Total Acid Number 总酸值TBN Total Base Number 总碱值TLEV Transitional Low Emissions Vehicle 过渡性低排放车辆UHC Unburnt Hydrocarbon 未燃烧烃UHVI Ultra High Viscosity Index 超高粘度指数ULEV Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle 超低排放汽车VDS, VDS2 Volvo Long Drain Lubricant Specification 沃尔沃长换油期润滑油规格VHVI Very High Viscosity Index 很高粘度指数VII Viscosity Index Improver 粘度指数改进剂VM Viscosity Modifier 粘度改进剂ZDDP Zinc Dialkyl Dithiophosphates 二烷基二硫代磷酸锌ZEV Zero Emissions Vehicle 零排放车辆。