Unit 1~5 exercises

Unit 1 Computer and Computer Science

Section A Computer Overview

Exercises

I．Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:

1. Charles Babbage Augusta Ada Byron

2. input output

3. VLSI

4. workstations mainframes

5. vacuum transistors

6. instructions software

7. digit eight byte

8. microminiaturization chip

II．Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:

1． artificial intelligence 人工智能

2． paper-tape reader 纸带阅读机

3． optical computer 光学计算机

4． neural network 神经网络

5． instruction set 指令集

6． parallel processing 平行处理

7． difference engine 差分机

8． versatile logical element 通用逻辑器件

9． silicon substrate 硅基

10． vacuum tube 真空管（电子管）

11． the storage and handling of data 数据的存储与处理

12． very large-scale integrated circuit 超大规模集成电路

13． central processing unit 中央处理器

14． personal computer 个人计算机

15． analogue computer 模拟计算机

16． digital computer 数字计算机

17． general-purpose computer 通用计算机

18． processor chip 处理器芯片

19． operating instructions 操作指令

20． input device 输入设备

III．Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making

changes if necessary:

mode

digital

minicomputers

categorization

speed advent

significance

based

appearing

transistors

circuits

microcomputers

integration

chip

combine

computing

Unit 2 Computer Architecture

Section A Computer Hardware

Exercises

I．Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:

1. input output storage

2. Basic Input Output System

3. flatbed scanners hand-held scanners

4. LCD-based

5. dot-matrix inkjet printers

6. disk drives memory

7. volatile

8. serial parallel

II．Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:

1． function key 功能键

2． voice recognition module 语音识别模块

3． touch-sensitive region 触感区，触摸区

4． address bus 地址总线

5． flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪

6． dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机（针式打印机）

7． parallel connection 并行连接

8． cathode ray tube 阴极射线管

9． video game 电子游戏（港台亦称电玩）

10． audio signal 音频信号

11． operating system 操作系统

12． LCD (liquid crystal display) 液晶显示（器）

13． inkjet printer 喷墨打印机

14． data bus 数据总线

15． serial connection 串行连接

16． volatile memory 易失性存储器 17． laser printer 激光打印机

18． disk drive 磁盘驱动器

19． BIOS (Basic Input Output System) 基本输入输出系统

20． video display 视频显示器

III．Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making

changes if necessary:

floppy

optical

flat

surface

laser

light

reflected

represents

commercial

disc

erased

access

store

equivalent

information

retrieve

Unit 3 Computer Language and Programming

Section A Programming Language

Exercises

I．Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:

1. artificial instructions

2. low-level high-level

3. low-level

4. machine

5. functional logic

6. statement

7. module

8. digital

II．Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:

1． storage register 存储寄存器

2． function statement 函数语句

3． program statement 程序语句

4． object-oriented language 面向对象语言

5． assembly language 汇编语言 6． intermediate language 中间语言，中级语言

7． relational language 关系（型）语言

8． artificial language 人造语言

9． data declaration 数据声明

10． SQL 结构化查询语言

11． executable program 可执行程序

12． program module 程序模块

13． conditional statement 条件语句

14． assignment statemen t赋值语句

15． logic language 逻辑语言

16． machine language 机器语言

17． procedural language 过程语言

18． programming language 程序设计语言

19． run a computer program 运行计算机程序

20． computer programmer 计算机程序设计员

III．Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making

changes if necessary:

A programming language is a language used to write instructions for the computer. It lets the

programmer express data processing in a symbolic manner without regard to

machine-specific

details.

The difficulty of writing programs in the machine language of 0s and 1s led first to the

development

of assembly language, which allows programmers to use mnemonics for instructions and

symbols

for variables. Such programs are then translated by a program known as an assembler into the

binary encoding used by the computer. Other pieces of system software known as linking loaders

combine pieces of assembled code and load them into the machine’s main memory unit, where

they are then ready for execution. The concept of linking separate pieces of code was important,

since

it allowed “libraries” of programs to be built up to carry out common tasks—a first step toward

the increasingly emphasized notion of software reuse. Assembly language was found to be

sufficiently inconvenient that higher-level languages (closer to natural languages) were