范德华力
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:1.72 MB
- 文档页数:11
Theoretical study of the electronic excitations of free-base porphyrin–Ar2 van der
Waals complexes
Ryoichi Fukuda and Masahiro Ehara
Citation: The Journal of Chemical Physics 139, 074303 (2013); doi: 10.1063/1.4818277
View online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4818277
View Table of Contents: http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jcp/139/7?ver=pdfcov
Published by the AIP Publishing
This article is copyrighted as indicated in the article. Reuse of AIP content is subject to the terms at: http://scitation.aip.org/termsconditions. Downloaded to IP:
111.115.46.30 On: Mon, 23 Dec 2013 02:54:15THEJOURNALOFCHEMICALPHYSICS139,074303(2013)
Theoreticalstudyoftheelectronicexcitationsoffree-baseporphyrin–Ar2vanderWaalscomplexes
RyoichiFukuda1,2,a)andMasahiroEhara1,21InstituteforMolecularScienceandResearchCenterforComputationalScience,38Nishigo-naka,Myodaiji,Okazaki444-8585,Japan2ElementsStrategyInitiativeforCatalystsandBatteries(ESICB),KyotoUniversityKatsura,Kyoto615-8520,Japan
(Received30April2013;accepted30July2013;publishedonline19August2013)
Theintermolecularinteractionoffree-baseporphine(FBP)–Ar2andfree-basetetraazaporphyrin
(FBPz)–Ar2vanderWaals(vdW)complexeswascalculatedinthegroundstateandverticalex-
citationsthatcorrespondtotheQ-andB-bandsusingthemany-bodywavefunctiontheoryofthe
symmetry-adaptedcluster-configurationinteraction(SAC-CI)methodandtime-dependentdensity
functionaltheory(TDDFT).Forthe11B3ustateofFBP–Ar2ablueshift(high-energyshift)ofexcita-
tionenergywascalculatedusingtheSAC-CImethod;suchablueshiftwasnotobtainedbyTDDFT
calculations.Thiscalculatedblueshiftcorrespondstotheexperimentallyobservedblueshiftinthe
Qx-bandofFBPforFBP–Arncomplexes.ForFBPz–Ar2,blueshiftsoftheQ-bandwerenotob-
tainedusingSAC-CIandTDDFT.ThesebehaviorsoftheenergyshiftoftheQ-bandscouldnot
beexplainedbythepointdipole–pointdipoleinteractionmodel.Largeredshifts(low-energyshift)
wereobtainedfortheB-bandstates(21B3uand21B2u)ofFBPandFBPz.Theenergyshiftshowed
theinversesixth-powerdependenceontheintermoleculardistance.Thepointdipole–pointdipole
interactionmodelcandescribetheredshiftoftheB-band.Fortheexcitedstatesthatexhibitlarge
redshifts,theTDDFTcanqualitativelydescribethevdWinteractionintheexcitedstatesbysuper-
molecularcalculations.ThesolvatochromicshiftsforFBPandFBPzinanArmatrixwereexamined
bythelinear-responsepolarizablecontinuummodelandTDDFT.Themagnitudeofcalculatedsol-
vatochromicredshiftsisproportionaltothesquareofthetransitiondipolemoment.©2013AIP
PublishingLLC.[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4818277]
I.INTRODUCTION
VanderWaals(vdW)interactionofmoleculesintheir
electronicexcitedstatesissignificantnotonlyforspec-
troscopyofsmallmolecularcomplexesingasphaseorrare
gasmatricesbutalsoforspectroscopyandphotochemistry
ofmoleculesincondensedphases.1–3Thedispersionforceis
thedominantoriginofthevdWinteraction;therefore,many-
bodytheoriesarenecessaryforitsproperdescription.4–9For
estimatingtheground-statevdWinteraction,efficientandad-
equatelyaccuratemethodshavebeendevelopedwithinthe
frameworkofdensityfunctionaltheory(DFT)thatconsider
empiricalcorrectionsofdispersionforce,referredtoasthe
DFT-Dmethod.10–15Intheexcitedstates,itisnecessaryto
considerthestate-specificcharacterofthedispersionforce;
however,usualDFT-Dandtime-dependentdensityfunctional
theory(TDDFT)strategiesdonottakeintoaccountsucha
state-specificdispersionforce.Recently,IkabataandNakai
proposedatheoryfordispersioninteractioninexcitedstates16
basedonthelocalresponsedispersionmethod17anddiffer-
encedensitymatrixobtainedbyTDDFT.Inthismethod,how-
ever,theorthogonalitybetweenelectronicstatescannotbe
imposed.Theorthogonalityissignificanttodiscussrelatively
smallenergeticssuchasvdWinteraction.Therefore,wave-
a)fukuda@ims.ac.jpfunctiontheoriesarestillrequiredforunderstandingthevdW
interactionofexcitedstates.
Thesymmetry-adaptedcluster(SAC)andSAC-
configurationinteraction(SAC-CI)method,18,19andthe
equation-of-motion(EOM)coupled-clusterwithsingle
anddoubleexcitations(CCSD)(Ref.20)canconsiderthe
dynamicalelectroncorrelationinexcitedstateswithadequate
accuracywithinacceptablecomputationalcosts.Mostof
thevdWinteractionenergieswouldbetransferablebetween
thegroundandexcitedstates;therefore,theSAC/SAC-CIor
CCSD/EOM-CCSDcombinedwithCCSD(T)(CCSDwith
noniterativetripleexcitation)orotherground-statetheories
couldveryaccuratelyestimatevdWinteractioninexcited
states.21
Inthisstudy,weexaminedfree-baseporphine(FBP)–Ar2andfree-basetetraazaporphyrin(FBPz)–Ar2vdWcomplexes
usingtheSAC/SAC-CImethod.Theelectronictransitionsof
FBParewellknown.TwoQ-bands(theQx-andQy-bands)
areobservedinthevisibleregion,andastrongB-band(Soret
band)isobservedintheultraviolet(UV)region.TheQx-and
Qy-bandscorrespondtothe11B3uand11B2ustates,respec-