China

【原文】中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。

早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。

这就是有名的诸子百家。

从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。

比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。

所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。

【参考译文】The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. More than 2,000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines （学说） that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, "the masters' hundred schools." From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that the world is for all, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, "everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country;" and long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality（节俭） in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education. All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.【评析】1.“中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。

中华世纪坛序作者：朱相远中华世纪坛正文：大风泱泱，大潮滂滂。

洪水图腾蛟龙，烈火涅磐凤凰。

文明圣火，千古未绝者，惟我无双；和天地并存，与日月同光。

中华文化，源远流长；博大精深，卓越辉煌。

信步三百米甬道，阅历五千年沧桑。

社稷千秋，祖宗百世，几多荣辱沉浮，几度盛衰兴亡。

圣贤典籍，浩如烟海；四大发明，寰球共享。

缅怀漫漫岁月，凝聚缕缕遐想。

回首近代，百年三万六千日，饱尝民族苦难，历尽变革风霜。

烽火硝烟，江山激昂。

挽狂澜于既倒，撑大厦于断梁。

春风又绿神州，华夏再沐朝阳。

登坛远望：前有古人，星光灿烂；后有来者，群英堂堂。

看乾坤旋转：乾恒动，自强不息之精神；坤包容，厚德载物之气量。

继往开来，浩浩荡荡。

立民主，兴文明，求统一，图富强。

中华民族伟大复兴，定将舒天朝晖，磅礴东方。

世纪交汇，万众景仰；共襄盛举，建坛流芳；昭示后代，永世莫忘。

一九九九年十月英文：All over the world, celebrations and festivities to usher in Year 2000 make up one of the grandest spectacles at the end of the century, as mankind strides towards the new century and millennium.New opportunities, challenges, and hopes are emerging over the horizon of China of the 21st century. The Chinese nation, with its splendid civilization of 5000 years, is on the threshold of an epoch of great renewal, as a future of yet greater splendour is arising in the East of the world.At the turn of the century and millennium, the China Millennium Monument. with its oriental cultural overtones and contemporary architectural art, will promote the national spirit by embodying an original style, displaying a modern aestheticism, and expressing hopes of the future.The China Millennium Monument, as China' s symbolic and commemorative building to welcome the Year 2000, is a gift for the world of the 21st century from the Chinese people, forever standing in China' s capital Beiling.The China Millennium Monument stands along a north-south axis between the Military Museum and the Central Television Complex, with the scenic Yuyuantan Park to the north and the West Beijing RailwayTerminus to the south, occupying an area of 4.5 hectares and a total floor space of about 42,000 square metres.The Monument is a grand structure ingeniously combining the spirit of traditional Chinese culture with modern architectural art, and integrating architecture, landscaping, sculpture, mural painting, and various other art forms. It will not only be an eternal memory of the turn of the millennium, but also serve as a centre for cultural, artistic, and scientific exhibitions both at home and abroad, as well as an inspiration in patriotism.inside the southern entrance to the Monument is the Plaza of Holy Fire, one metre below ground and 960 square metres in area, standing for China' s vast territory of 9,600,000 square kilometres. With the gentle centripetal rise of the ground suggesting the rise of the Chinese nation, the Holy Fire of China is located right in the middle of the Plaza. The fire originated at the site of Peking man at Zhoukoudian, Beijing, and is fed on natural gas. The everburning flames, rising some 45 centimetres high, are a token of the unceasing creativity of the Chinese civilization.Along both the eastern and western side of the plaza, there is a steady current of water cascading down the steps, reminding the visitor of the mother rivers of the Chinese nation: the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers。

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Chen Yuhang doesn’t know why, but every year when Spring Festival arrives, the 25-year-old civil servant feels a natural impulse to go home. Not to the one he rents in Beijing, but the old apartment back in Jiangxi province. It’s not an easy ride. 不知为何，每年⼀到春节，25岁的公务员陈宇航（⾳译）就禁不住想回家——那个江西⽼宅，⽽不是这个他在北京租来的家。

虽然回家的路途并不轻松。

“It’s like a seasonal spike of emotions. You go through all that toil of taking three trains to get home because you just know you have to go back, no matter what,” said Chen. “就好像是⼀次季节性情感爆发⼀样。

纵使需要乘坐三次⽕车，你也⽆论如何都要回去，”陈宇航说。

It’s a feeling Chen shares with most people in China at this time of year. 每年的这个时候，很多中国⼈都有着和陈宇航⼀样的感受。

What makes home so unique in the Chinese value system, and how its definition is changing according to social values, serves as a key to understanding the character of China as a nation. 那么，到底是什么让“家”在中国⼈的价值体系⾥如此⽆可取代？“家”的定义⼜是怎样随着社会价值观发⽣改变的？这是了解中华民族品质的关键。

Yao, Shun and Yu
The Origin of Chinese Culture
Generally speaking, Chinese civilization, as one of the independent civilization sources, has a clear evolutionary track, indicating a diversified development with the central plain as the core and resulting in the feature of mutual penetration and integration.
The Spring & Autumn and Warring States Periods The seven states in the Warring States Period The States of Qi The States of Chu The States of Yan The States of Han The States of Wei The States of Zhao The States of Qin
Sui Dynasty
Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei, built in the Sui Dynasty, is the earliest single-arch stone bridge wellreserved in the world.
Tang Dynasties
The first emperor
Buddhist monk Jian Zhen from Japan came to Tang Dynasty spread Buddhism.