最新高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
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最新高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类 1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plant's "ears" to help them detect the sound of approaching insects. When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased. The fluid, produced to attract pollinating (授粉) insects, was on average 20 percent higher in flowers exposed to the buzz compared to those left in silence or exposed to higher pitched sounds. Professor Lilach Hadany, who led the study, said: "Our results document for the first time that plants can rapidly respond to pollinator sounds in an ecologically relevant way." However, Prof Hadany said a plant's ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. While plants require water, sunlight and the right temperature to grow, it is widely believed they do not have senses in the way animals do. But the study, published on the open-science website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain. "Plants' ability to hear has implications well beyond pollination—plants could potentially hear and respond to herbivores, other animals, the elements, and possibly other plants," Prof Hadany added. A month-long experiment conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society in 2009 found female voices appear to speed up the growth of tomatoes. The research offers a possible explanation — women's voices were at the right frequency for the plants to hear. （1）What's evening primrose flowers' response to bees' buzz? A. Longer bloom. B. Sweeter nectar. C. Brighter color. D. Less fluid. （2）Where can plants grow better according to Hadany? A. On a square. B. Beside a highway. C. In the woods. D. Along the street. （3）What can we infer from the research? A. Prince Charles proves kind of stupid. B. Plants can only potentially hear animals. C. Plants respond to sounds slowly and ecologically. D. Plants gardeners talk to frequently develop well. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A. Flowers can hear. B. Bees are best pollinators. C. Plants can't grow without sound. D. Women's voices improve plants' growth. 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）D （4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人与植物的交流可以促其生长。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased.”可知，蜜蜂飞到夜来香花，在三分钟内其花朵花蜜的糖的浓度会增加，所以花蜜会更甜。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“However, Prof Hadany said a plant's ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. ”哈达尼教授认为，植物对传粉者做出反应的能力可能会在城市环境或繁忙道路旁减弱。从而推断可知，在丛林里的植物生长得更好。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But the study, published on the open-science website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain.”研究表明，园丁们和他们的植物交谈的努力可能不会白费。从而推断可知，园丁经常与植物交谈，生长得更好。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plant's "ears" to help them detect the sound of approaching insects.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述人与植物的交流可以促其生长。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。 An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙). Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. "In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States," said the lead author John Mittermeier. And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals. This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world's biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation. Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, "I think there's a concern
