Grammar (-ed分词)

分词短语作状语相当于状语从句， 表示时间、原因、条件: 1.When he was questioned, he kept silent. When____________, he kept silent. questioned 2.Because she was shocked by the article, she wrote a letter to the newspaper. Shocked _______ by the article, she wrote a letter to … 3.Because he was lost in thought, he ran into the car in front of him. Lost _______in thought, he ran into … 4. If he is given more time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. ______(give) more time, he’ll make a first-class… Given
即时训练 （2006 全国） We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ___ that all children like these things.
A C thinking to think B D think thought
A verb-ed form can be used as an attribute:( past meaning) 1.Japan is a country that has developed. Japan is a ___________ developed country. 2.He is a teacher who has retired. He is a _______teacher. retired

某些及物动词 （如make等）
+
直接宾语（名 词或代词）
+ 宾语补足语
宾语 宾补 We think him clever.
What he said made me angry. They consider the answer correct. Everyone calls him Tom.
3.哪些可以做宾补？
1. His father named him Daming. (名词) 2. They painted their house white. (形容词) 3. You mustn’t force him to lend his
money to you. (动词不定式) 4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.
5）I heard the girls_in__g_in_g__ this English song in her room when I passed by.
5.Errors:
1. It was getting dark; I found a car sticking in a pool
by the side of the road.
7. Let the fresh air in. (副词)
8. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. (从句)
练习.观察下列句子的过去分词作什么成分
1. We found the egg eaten by the snake. 2. You’d better get the dangerous
(1) With water__h_e_a_t_e_d___(heat), we can see the steam.

Compare —Ving 的完成时和完成时的被动形式 (1) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction. (2) Having been asked to stay, I couldn’t leave.
注意
1)在want，need，require，deserve等动 词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被 动意义，但如果用不定式则用被动式。
Practice
1. --- What made Bill so angry? --- ___. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasn’t come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waited
11. Any driver ___ a license ought to be punished. A. doesn’t have B. having not C. has not D. not having
Unit 3 Grammar
Revise the Passive Voice of
—ing Form
何时使用被动语态呢？
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无 法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world． 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作 的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen． 我的自行车被盗了。
V-ing 形式
V-ing 形式由 “do＋ing” 构成，

He is the man swimming in the river just now.
He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.
结论：
区别பைடு நூலகம்
现在分词作定语,表示动作_正__在__进__行___, __主__动___意义;
过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前 已_完_成_____,或具有__被__动____意义.
前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰
词的后面。注意单个的过去分词修饰不定
代词something，everything，nobody等
和指示代词those等至于其后。 He is one of those invited.
注：2. left（剩下的）， given（所给 的），concerned（有关的）等个别词， 习惯上也用作后置定语
an attribute
the predicative
6. astonished children
6. children astonished at/by …
7. a broken vase 8. a closed door 9. the tired
audience 10. a trapped
7. a vase broken by… 8. a door closed by… 9. the audience tired of … 10. an animal trapped
=The player who is loved by many people is Yao Ming.
二. 过去分词作表语
位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完 成”，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想 感情等。相当于形容词