15,A 系统功能语言学
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系统功能语言学三大元功能英文表述The Three Metafunctions of Systemic Functional Linguistics.Systemic Functional Linguistics, a branch oflinguistics that emerged in the mid-20th century, proposes a comprehensive framework for understanding language as a social semiotic system. At the heart of this theory lies the concept of metafunctions, which refer to the fundamental purposes or functions that language serves in human communication and social interaction. There are three widely recognized metafunctions in Systemic Functional Linguistics: the ideational metafunction, the interpersonal metafunction, and the textual metafunction.1. The Ideational Metafunction.The ideational metafunction refers to the capacity of language to represent our experiences, thoughts, and the world around us. It involves the expression of ideas,concepts, and the mental processes that underlie human cognition. The ideational metafunction enables us to describe, categorize, and interpret our reality through the use of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and other grammatical elements.Within the ideational metafunction, there are two main subcategories: experiential meaning and logical meaning. Experiential meaning refers to the representation of our direct experiences, such as events, actions, and states of affairs. Logical meaning, on the other hand, deals with the relationships between different ideas and concepts, including cause-and-effect relationships, similarities, and differences.2. The Interpersonal Metafunction.The interpersonal metafunction concerns the way language is used to establish and maintain social relationships, express feelings and attitudes, and influence the behavior of others. It involves thelinguistic resources that enable us to communicate oursubjectivity, social roles, and interpersonal relationships.Within the interpersonal metafunction, mood andmodality are two crucial concepts. Mood refers to the way speakers express their statements, questions, commands, and other speech acts. Modality, on the other hand, deals with the degree of certainty, probability, or obligation associated with a statement or proposal. Through mood and modality, speakers can convey their authority, social status, and the degree of commitment they are willing to make.3. The Textual Metafunction.The textual metafunction focuses on the way language is organized and structured to form coherent and meaningful texts. It involves the linguistic resources that enable speakers to create a coherent and unified text, such as cohesion, coherence, and information structure.Cohesion refers to the linguistic devices that link different parts of a text together, such as reference,substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction. Coherence, on the other hand, deals with the semantic relationships between different parts of a text, ensuring that they fit together logically and semantically. Information structure concerns the organization of information within a text, including the placement of new and given information, the focus of attention, and the overall progression of the text.In conclusion, the three metafunctions of Systemic Functional Linguistics the ideational, interpersonal, and textual metafunctions provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the多功能性 of language in human communication and social interaction. By examining these metafunctions, we can gain a deeper understanding of how language enables us to represent our reality, establish social relationships, and create coherent and meaningful texts.。
韩礼德系统功能语言学与其在外语教学实践中的应用本文来源于(论文网) 原文链接:/jiaoxue/yingyujiaoxue/0429234F2010.html摘要: 本文主要阐述了系统功能语言学的形成发展历程。
作为系统功能语言学的创始人和发展者,韩礼德更侧重于对语言学的纯理论研究,他研究如何把语言学应用到外语教学中比较少。
本文介绍了其他应用语言学家把他的理论应用到外语教学实践中去发展了许多新的教学方法及其语言学理论对于外语教学实践的深远指导意义。
关键词: 系统功能语言学外语教学实践应用1.理论概述1.1韩礼德与系统功能语法系统功能语言学理论的重要奠基者和代表人物——韩礼德,从上个世纪60年代致力于研究语言功能,并阐释了语言本身与语言社会功能之间的关系,坚持从系统和功能的角度研究语言。
《功能语法导论》(1994[1985])的出版标志着其系统功能语言学理论的整体性和系统性已基本形成并日趋成熟。
作为伦敦学派著名的语言学家,他继承并发展了弗斯的学术思想,对乔姆斯基的形式理论提出异议。
他的理论和思想得到前所未有的传播和世界范围内的普遍认同。
1.2系统功能语言学下的三大宏观功能韩礼德的系统功能语法侧重于语言的语用研究,从对人们语言学习的研究过程中完成了由工具功能(instrumental)、控制功能(regulatory)、反映功能(interactional)、表达功能(informative)、个人功能(personal)、启发功能(heuristic)、想象功能(imaginative)向“概念(ideational)功能”即语言具有反映客观世界事物发生的进程,以及人们内心世界的功能、“交际(interpersonal)功能”即语言具有建立、维系和反映人际关系的功能、“语篇(textual)功能”即语言具有组句成篇,并根据交际语境组织信息并传递信息的功能这三种纯理功能的凝练[1]。
这三大纯理功能的语法构成分别是“及物系统”、“情态系统”与“衔接手段”。