2018年中考英语特训总复习第三部分中考专项突破篇第33课时完形填空(精讲)试题
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第33课时完形填空完形填空是一种综合题型,旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识的综合运用能力。
通常将一篇短文中的若干词语抽掉,要求学生在通读短文、理解短文大意的基础上,根据所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识,从提供的备选答案中选出正确的一项。
所给短文一般与初中教材难易程度相当,词数150—200个,一般设置15个空格,每个空格下分别设4个备选答案。
纵观近几年浙江省各市的中考完形填空题,不难发现其考查的文章大部分是记叙文或夹叙夹议的故事类题材,综合类的题材只占少数。
所给文章通常为一篇完整的短文,有具体的人物、情节等,文章多为一般过去时态。
学生在读完文章后往往能感受到某种启示、感悟或人生哲理。
1.通读全文,领悟大意。
先跳过空格,通读整篇文章,弄清文章发生的时间、地点、人物及情节,感知文章大意。
然后试着对空格内所填的词作试探性的猜测,为下一步选择答案做好准备。
2.综合考虑,初定答案。
结合备选答案回归原文,弄清句与句之间的联系,然后从上下文的语法结构、词语搭配及备选答案中寻找解题的提示。
以词、句的意义为先,然后根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等综合考虑。
接下来仔细分析备选答案的区别,排除干扰,初定答案。
注意先易后难,及全文运用的时态。
3.反复斟酌,全面分析。
将已确定的、有把握的答案代入原文,然后集中精力解决难点。
对于较难的空格需多方面推敲分析,反复斟酌,提高选择的正确性。
4.再读短文,验证答案。
完成各题选择后,将所有的答案放入文中通读一遍,检查文章是否通畅,如发现错误或有疑问,可再次推敲,做出修正。
如无充分把握,切忌更改答案,相信第一感觉。
话题1:人物传记类In 1608 __1__ Englishman named T homas Coryate travelled in Italy.He liked the country and __2__down everything interesting.But he found one thing__3__interesting than the others.In his diary Thomas wrote,“__4__the Italians eat meat,they use small forks.They do not eat with their hands__5__,as they say,people do not always have __6__hands.”Before he went back to England,Thomas Coryate bought a few__7__.At home Thomas had a dinner party __8__ the forks to his friends.When the steak(牛排)__9__ out,he took out a fork and wanted to__10__ the steak as the Italians did in Italy.His friends were __11__when they saw this.He told them what the fork was.They all said that Italians were very __12__ people because the fork was not easy to use at all.Thomas Coryate tried to prove(证明)that his friends were__13__,so he began to show that it was easy to use the fork.But the first__14__of meat he took with the fork fell to the floor.His friends began to __15__ at him and he had to take the fork away.People in England began to use forks only fifty years later.( )1.A.a B.an C.the D./( )2.A.broke B.wroteC.went D.calmed( )3.A.less B.much C.even D.more( )4.A.Why B.WhenC.Which D.Where( )5.A.so B.when C.because D.if( )6.A.clean B.big C.dirty D.safe( )7.A.knives B.dishes C.forks D.plates( )8.A.show B.to showC.showed D.showing( )9.A.bring B.broughtC.is brought D.was brought( )e B.eat C.make D.cut( )11.A.worried B.boredC.tired D.surprised( )12.A.strange B.carefulC.friendly D.fool( )13.A.honest B.correct C.wrong D.clever( )14.A.piece B.kilo C.pound D.packet( )15.A.scream B.look C.shout D.laugh【短文大意】1608年,一个叫托马斯的英国人走遍了意大利。
他喜欢这个国家并记下了一切有趣的事。
但他发现了一件比其他的更有趣的事。
他在日记中写道:“意大利人吃肉时,他们用小叉子。
他们不用他们的双手拿肉吃,因为,正如他们所说,人们的手并不总是干净的。
”他回到英格兰之前,托马斯买了一些叉子。
五十年之后英国人开始使用叉子。
【解析】1.B 考查冠词。
句意:1608年一个叫托马斯的英国人走遍了意大利。
此处表泛指,且Englishman 是以元音音素发音开头的单词,故其前用不定冠词an。
2.B 考查动词及语境理解。
句意:他喜欢这个国家并记下了一切有趣的事。
broke损坏;wrote写;went 去;calmed平静的。
根据句意可知选B。
3.D 考查形容词及语境理解。
句意:但他发现了一件比其他的更有趣的事。
less较少的;much许多;even 甚至;more较多的。
由than可知这里该用比较级,而形容词interesting是个多音节的词,故在前面加more构成比较级。
所以选 D。
4.B 考查疑问词及语境理解。
句意:意大利人吃肉时,他们用小叉子。
Why为什么;When何时,当……时;Which哪一个;Where何地。
根据句意结合语境可知选 B。
5.C 考查连接词及语境理解。
根据前后句意推知,此处表原因,用来解释意大利人吃肉时,他们用小叉子是因为他们的手并不总是干净的。
6.A 考查形容词及语境理解。
句意:人们的手并不总是干净的。
clean干净的;big大的;dirty 脏的;safe 安全的。
根据句意可知选A。
7.C 考查名词及语境理解。
句意:托马斯回到英格兰之前,买了一些叉子。
knives小刀;dishes餐具;forks叉;plates盘子。
根据句意可知选C。
8.B 考查不定式作目的状语的语法。
句意:在家,托马斯举行晚宴是为了向朋友们展示叉子。
9.D 考查动词的时态和语态。
句意:当牛排拿出来的时候,他取出了一个叉子。
steak与bring之间构成被动关系,且全文运用的是一般过去时,故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态结构。
10.B 考查动词及语境理解。
句意:他拿出叉子想跟意大利人那样吃牛排。
use 使用;eat 吃;make制作;cut切。
根据句意可知选B。
11.D 考查形容词及语境理解。
句意:他的朋友们吃惊地看到这个,他告诉他们叉子是什么。
worried担忧的;bored无聊的;tired累的;surprised吃惊的。
根据句意可知选 D。
12.A考查形容词及语境理解。
句意:他们都说意大利人很奇怪,因为叉子根本就不好用。
strange奇怪的;careful小心的,谨慎的;friendly友好的;fool愚笨的。
根据句意可知选 A。
13.C 考查形容词及语境理解,句意:他努力证明朋友们的观点是错的,于是他开始展示叉子是易于使用的。
honest诚实;correct正确的;wrong错误的;clever聪明的。
根据句意可知选 C。
14.A 考查名词及语境理解,句意:但他用叉子吃的第一片肉掉到了地板上。
piece片;kilo千克;pound 英镑;packet口袋。
根据句意可知选 A。
15.D 考查动词及语境理解,句意:他的朋友开始嘲笑他,他不得不把叉子拿开。
scream尖叫;look看;shout喊;laugh 笑。
根据句意可知选D。
话题2:寓言故事类In the ancient time,Fan's family__1__ by others.So a man went to Fan's house and tried to steal__2__.He saw a big bell in the courtyard.__3__ bell was so beautiful.He liked it very much,and he wanted __4__ it.Because the bell was too big and heavy,he __5__ move it.He thought there was only one way to solve the problem.He had to __6__ the bell into pieces.The thief__7__ a big hammer,and he struck the bell.It produced very loud sound.The sound made the thief __8__ frightened.The thief thought it was too bad.__9__ would know that he was stealing the bell.He tried to __10__ the sound with his arms.But it was useless.He felt more and more frightened and covered his ears firmly hard __11__ his hands.The sound became much __12__.He immediately got some odd(零碎的) bits of cloth,__13__ had his ears plugged with the two cloth rolls.He thought that in this way __14__ could hear the sound of the bell.So he struck the bell again.The sound was louder.Many people heard it,and as a result,the thief__15__ finally.( D )1.A.destroy B.destroyedC.is destroyed D.was destroyed( A )2.A.something B.nothingC.anything D.everything( C )3.A.A B.An C.The D./( B )4.A.get B.to get C.getting D.gets( B )5.A.can't B.couldn'tC.mustn't D.shouldn't( C )6.A.put B.divide C.break D.make( A )7.A.found B.looked forC.found out D.looked at( A )8.A.feel B.felt C.feels D.feeled( B )9.A.Other B.OthersC.The other D.Another( D )e B.listen C.watch D.stop( C )11.A.for B.at C.with D.in( B )12.A.low B.lower C.high D.higher( A )13.A.and B.but C.so D.when( B )14.A.somebody B.nobodyC.anyone D.nothing( B )15.A.is caught B.was caughtC.has caught D.will catch话题3:科普环保类Many kids want __1__ keep the environment clean but don't know where to start.__2__,even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference __3__ the environment.Here is how:Don't litter.Litter can __4__our water and that could do harm to us and to wildlife.__5__ bottles,paper and plastic.This is a good __6__to develop and can really make a difference.__7__turn off lights and electronic devices(设备)when they are not being __8__.Use your __9__or walk to nearby locations rather than riding in a car.Encourage your friends a nd family to __10__the same.Don't throw your old clothes or toys away.Give __11__to a local charity(慈善组织) or a friend that may need them.__12__wasting plastic bags by bringing your own reusable cloth bags to stores.If you see litter,__13__.By following these__14__ and using them in your everyday life,you will make the world a __15__place.It's never too late to start,and what better time is there than right now?( A )1.A.to help B.helpC.helped D.helping( C )2.A.At first B.In the endC.In fact D.As a result( B )3.A.at B.to C.for D.with( A )4.A.pollute B.use C.clean D.waste( C )5.A.Throw B.Break C.Recycle D.Use( D )6.A.interest B.plan C.skill D.habit( C )7.A.Still B.Even C.Always D.Never( B )e B.used C.to use D.using( D )9.A.train B.plane C.car D.bike( A )10.A.do B.look C.say D.wear( B )11.A.it B.them C.this D.that( D )12.A.Keep B.Try C.Enjoy D.Avoid( B )13.A.look it up B.pick it upC.put it up D.fix it up( A )14.A.tips B.steps C.advice D.rules( B )15.A.bigger B.greenerC.more peaceful D.more modern话题4:新闻或人生百味类According to a recent report,some oncehot majors(专业) like English,Computer and Law for Chinese students entering college have now fallen out of favour.The reason is that more graduates studying in those fields end up __1__.Thi s year,a number of 500,000 college __2__ from 2009 were surveyed and 220,000 questionnaires were received back for the 2010 report.__3__ the unpromising(无前途的)majors,Law graduates had the most difficulty finding jobs,with the __4__ unemployment rate(失业率) of 17.7%of all the majors in 2009.English majors had the highest __5__ of the unemployed for three years,with 15,700 graduates __6__ out of work.“Such majors as Computer,English and Law were the most __7__ ones for Beijing students entering universities in 2005,but now these graduates are in a tight corner,”said Ba ran,a senior occupation counselor(职业顾问)at a wellknown company.Ba said that the expansion(扩大) of college enrollment(注册)for those hot majors five years ago has __8__ an oversupply in the market,making it harder for those graduates to find jobs.On the other side,engineering graduates majoring in Geological Engineering,Ship and Marine Engineering are __9__ most in the job market.Engineering majors are more practical in professional skills and work experience,which are favoured by many __10__.The graduates are thus armed with a competitive __11__ in the fierce job market.The report suggested a system should be __12__ against majors with a high risk of unemployment.Undergraduates studying Law or English are encouraged to change their __13__ or obtain a second degree.For some colleges and provinces with incapable operation and __14__ employment rates,the report advised a(n) __15__ in enrollment numbers or even a temporary(暂时的) stop in enrolling students.( B )eless B.joblessC.careless D.thankful( B )2.A.partners B.graduatesC.visitors D.teachers( A )3.A.Among B.BetweenC.During D.When( C )4.A.quickest B.slowestC.highest D.lowest( B )5.A.rate B.number C.sample D.supply( C )6.A.even B.somehow C.still D.often( D )7.A.famous B.riskyC.practical D.popular( D )8.A.received B.encouragedC.stopped D.caused( C )9.A.ignored B.enrolledC.favoured D.surveyed( A )10.A.employers B.professorsC.reporters D.researchers( B )11.A.occupation B.advantageC.skill D.major( D )12.A.build B.show C.put up D.set up( C )13.A.favours B.jobsC.majors D.schools( A )14.A.low B.highC.rising D.falling( C )15.A.end B.remainC.cut D.increase话题5:发言稿类Ladies and gentlemen,Thank you very much for coming to this concert.I hope you have enjoyed the music.The purpose of this concert is to __1__ money for children in Africa.Every day __2__ children in Africa die__3__ they have diseases or have not enough __4__.There are two main reasons.First,there are no jobs for the children's parents,so they have no money to buy food or __5__.Second,the governments in__6__African countries do not have the money to take care of poor people.__7__African countries are poor.The land is not good for __8__ plants and the __9__ is also bad for farming.The organization we are trying to help,the Feed Africa Fund,__10__ a lot of money every year on food for people in Africa.The money comes from people __11__ you—kind,generous(慷慨,大方) people who do not want to see children die from hunger.Just one dollar can buy enough rice or corn to __12__ a family of four for three days.How much do you spend on food every day? Ten dollars? Twenty dollars? I am sure you can spend a little __13__ on your own food so that you have a __14__ dollars for the Feed Africa Fund.Ladies and gentlemen,we will now take a __15__.Please be generous.Thank you.( B )1.A.borrow B.raise C.pay D.lend( C )2.A.hundred B.hundred ofC.hundreds of D.thousand( A )3.A.because B.soC.therefore D.thus( A )4.A.to eat B.to sleepC.to play D.to drink( B )5.A.clothes B.medicineC.drinks D.toys( A )6.A.many B.much C.few D.little( C )7.A.Little B.Few C.Most D.Less( A )8.A.growing B.layingC.eating D.putting( B )9.A.rain B.weather C.sun D.moon( C )10.A.costs B.lends C.spends D.pays( C )11.A.and B.as C.like D.of( D )12.A.feed B.build C.develop D.raise( C )13.A.more B.few C.less D.little( A )14.A.few B.little C.less D.more( B )15.A.show B.collectionC.lo ok D.competition话题6:文化传统类In recent months,a hot TV show called Missing the Beauty(《思美人》)has been__1__ with most Chinese people.It tells a sad story of a famous __2__ in Chu State—Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was born in a rich family.In his lifetime,because of his wisdom,other officials__3__ him very much and caused the emperor to believe that he was not devoted(忠诚的).So __4__ was very displeasure and __5__ off Qu Yuan from the kingdom.However,Chu State was__6__ by a powerful country—Qin State.Qu Yuan felt so hopeless that he threw __7__ into the Miluo River __8__ the May 5th of the Chinese lunar calendar(阴历).His poem “Li Sao” written about his own life and __9__ important ones are all filled with his deep love for his __10__.Until now,we often have our big DragonBoat Festival(端午节)on this day.The important__11__ is the dragonboat trace in memory of Qu Yuan.Many people were __12__ they threw rice in the water __13__ Qu Yuan's spirit, __14__ now we can see the dragonboat races and have a kind of Chinese fo od named “__15__ ”.( B )1.A.worried B.popularC.disappointed D.surprised( A )2.A.poet B.teacherC.p layer D.soldier( B )3.A.liked B.hatedC.respected D.loved( D )4.A.the officials B.the peopleC.Qu Yuan D.the emperor( A )5.A.drove B.left C.moved D.sent( B )6.A.taken in B.taken downC.shut down D.put off( C )7.A.him B.his lifeC.himself D.the body( A )8.A.on B.in C.at D.to( A )9.A.other B.othersC.the other D.the others( B )10.A.parents B.countryC.children D.village( C )11.A.book B.calendarC.event D.person( A )12.A.so sad that B.too sad toC.too sad that D.very sad that( B )13.A.feed B.to feed C.feeding D.feeds( D )14.A.then B.but C.or D.so( B )15.A.jiaozi B.zongziC.Yuanxiao D.Chunjuan。