国际贸易双语课件Chap002 (2)

Wooden Shaft, Plastic Handles. Example 11: Quality as per Sample No. 256 and Technical Features
Indicated in the Illustrations Submitted by Seller.
Points for attention when signing quality clause in the sales contract
Grade AA: 60-65 gm per egg Grade A: 55-60 gm per egg Grade B: 50-55 gm per egg Grade C: 45-50 gm per egg Grade D: 40-45 gm per egg Grade E: 35-40 gm per egg
Methods of stipulating quality of the goods
1. Sale by actual commodity
2. Sale by description
Sale by Inspection Sale by Sample
Sale by Actual Commodity
counts
Per inch
(inch)
30 x 36
72 x 69
35/36”
2.2 Sale by Grade
The grade of the goods refers to the classifications of the commodity of the same kind. The commodities are graded as low or high quality by differences in specification. Example 4: Fresh Hen Eggs, shell light brown and clean, even in size

The quality of goods is the integration of the intrinsic attributes and the outer forms or shapes of goods.
› Siபைடு நூலகம்nificance of Quality of Goods 品质的重要性
Measurement Units 计量单位
› To Calculate by Weight 按重量计量 1 metric ton (metric system) = 1 000 kg 1 long ton (British system) = 1 016 kg 1 short ton (U.S. system) = 907 kg
Quality of goods not only refers to the value of use and the value of the commodity, but also affects the market price and marketability of the commodity, involving the relevant corporate and even a country's reputation.
② Adopt discount price when the quality is below the stipulation of the contract.
Significance of Stipulating Quantity of Goods 约定商品数量的意义
› Quantity clause is also one of the essential terms and conditions in a contract.

– trade of goods and services, flows of money, and investment.
• International economics is an old subject, but continues to grow in importance as countries become tied more to the international economy.
• Countries can specialize in production, while consuming many goods and services through trade.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
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Gains from Trade (cont.)
2. How could a country that is the most (least) efficient producer of everything gain from trade?
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
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Gains from Trade
• Several ideas underlie the gains from trade.
1. When a buyer and a seller engage in a voluntary transaction, both can be made better off.

The procedure of a transaction for the international sale of goods Three stages: Preparation before business negotiation Business negotiation and the conclusion of a sales contract The implementation of a sales contract.
The Contents of Chapter 2
2.1 Form and Contents of Business Negotiation
2.2 General Procedures of Business Negotiation 2.3 Conclusion of the Contract 2.4 Form and Contents of the Contract
The terms of trade of a sales contract can be classified as major terms and conditions (or specific terms) and general terms and conditions:
Major terms and conditions General terms and conditions
in person by telephone
Business negotiation in international trade is the process by which the seller and the buyer negotiate about the terms of trade of a transaction with the intent of reaching an agreement about the sales of goods. (1) the subject matter of the contract (2) the price of the goods; (3) the liabilities of the seller; (4) the liabilities of the buyer; (5) the methods to prevent the occurrence of disputes and methods to settle disputes in case there is any