高考动词详解+例句

情态动词与虚拟语气常考考点一情态动词+have done情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟情态动词+have done 用法例句must have done 想必，准是，一定已It must have rained last night, for the经做了road is quite muddy.否定式为can’t/couldn ’t havedonecan/could have done 本来能够做He could have finished the work in可能做了time.Can/Could he have gone to hisaunt’s ?不可能已经做了He cannot have forgotten it. Cannot/could not havedone He couldn’t have forgotten it.may/might have done 可能已经做了It’s too late. I think he may have goneto bed.He may not have finished the work.他也许还没完成那项工作Should/ought to have You ought to have done the work本该做，而实际上未done more carefully.做needn’t have done 本不必做而做了You needn’t have taken a taxi here,for it was very near to my house. had better have done 当时最好做了You had better not have scolded her.要是那时你没责骂她就好了。

You had better have found a job.要是当时你找到一份工作就好了宁愿当时做了I raised objections at the meeting, would rather have done but now I would rather not havedone that.过去愿意做但未做成I would love to have gone to the would like/love to have done party last night, but I had to workextra hours to finish the work.1. I have watched that movie it ’ll give me horribledreams.A. Shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t2. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived halfan hour early.A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t3.----Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.-----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A.mustB.mustn’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t4.It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A.mayB.canC.mustD.should5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.A.could expressB. would expressC.could have expressedD.must have expressed6. ----- I’m sorry. I at you the other day.------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself.C.mustn’t shoutD.mustn’t have shouted7.-----Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.-------You it in the wrong place.A. must putB. should have putC.might putD.might have put8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have takenB.could have takenC.needn’t have takenD. mustn’t have taken9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning.A.mayn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t10.-----How did you do on the driving test?---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous.A.would doB.could have doneC.mustn’t have doneD. should do11.you have broken your promise; You painting the house long ago.A. could have finishedB. had better finishC. must have finishedD.should have finished12.------ I didn ’t go fishing last Sunday because my car broke down.---------- you mine. I wasn’t using it.A.should borrowB. could have borrowedC.could borrowD.must have borrowed13. My newly-purchased magazine is nowhere to be found. I have left it on the train?A.CouldB. ShouldC.MustD.Would14. You the meeting to tell me that .you could have come up to me afterwards.A.should have come toB.needn’t have interruptedC.ought to attendD.mustn’t go to15. -----What are you doing, dear?-------I ’m watching the football game.-------What? You your homework first.A. would have doneB.must have doneC.should have doneD. may have done二．情态动词常考情况16.can 表客观存在的可能如：Accidents can happen on such rainy days.Driving on the highway can be dangerous17.shall 可以表示命令，警告，威胁，许诺，宣布法律规定时也要用shall.You shall leave the room at once.It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.He asked me for this book many times. Please tell him he shall have it tomorrow.My father told me, “You shall have a computer on your 18th birthday.”18. May well 与may as wellmay well + 动词原形，表示很可能He may well be proud of his son.Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.may as well+动词原形，表示“最好，满可以，倒不如”You may as well do it at once.We may as well stay where we are.19. must 表示偏要，硬要Must you make so much noise?If you must smoke, please go out.情态动词基本用法can,could 表能够，可能can’t, couldn’t 不会，不能够，不可能may 可能，征询许可might 可能should 应该，惊讶ought to 应该，must 必须，肯定的猜测mustn’t 一定不要needn’t, don’t need to 不必shall 询问意见，表警告，威胁，许诺，规定would 表意愿，习惯练习20.It is usually warm in my hometown in march, but it be rather cold sometimesA. mustB.canC.shouldD.would21.Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A. shallB.shouldC.canD.must22.Don’t let your head out of a moving bus, which lead to a terrible disaster.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.will23. -----Can I pay the bill by check?--------Sorry,sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment be made in cash.cation24.----- What does the sign over there read?-------- “N o person smoke or carry a cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A. WillB. mayC. shallD. must25.------I haven’t got the reference book yet, but ’I ll have a test on the subject next month.-------Don ’t worry, you have it by Friday.A. CouldB.shallC.mustD.may26. Being examed twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver obey in this city.A.shallB.canC.ought toD.need27.-----Mum, would you please buy me an MP5 player?----If you can help do some housework the whole vacation, you have one as a reward.A. mustB. needC.would D . shall28. It is a set rule that all payment be made by the end of the month.A.willB. shallC. canD. may29.Lisa well not want to go on the trip. She hates travelling.A.willB. canC.mustD.may30. ------The work will take me another week. I’m really tired.-------I think you as well consult an experienced worker.A. mayB.canC.needD.must31. If you talk about it with me, please wait till I finish mywork at hand.A. canB. mayC. mustD. should32. Nick, stop screaming like crasy! Why you watch thatstupid football match at one in the morning?A. shallB. wouldC. shouldD. must33. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will34.-----May I smoke here?-------If you , choose a seat in the smoking section.A. ShouldB. couldC.mayD.must35. -------Why didn ’t you come to Simon’s party last night?-------I wanted to, but my mum simply not let me out solate at night.A. couldB.mightC. wouldD. should17. ------Are you going to the lecture tomorrow afternoon?-------I ’m not sure now. I go to Professor Black’s class instead.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. must18. ----- I book a table for dinner a few dsays ahead of time?------- Yes, you . The restaurant is always full, especially during the holidays.A. Must; willB. Must; canC. shall; shallD. shall; must19. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be sorude to a lady.A. mightB.needC. shouldD. would20. My MP4 isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it?A. canB. mustC.shouldD. would三. 虚拟语气主从句时态虚拟条件句主句与现在If + 主语+动主语+should If I were you 事实相词过去式/would/could/might+ (Were I you), I 反的假(be 动词should seize the动词原形设用were) chance to go abroad. 与过去If+ 主语If you had taken my主语事实相+had done +should/would/could/ advice(Had you 反的假might+have done taken my advice), 设you would not havefailed the exam.与将来 1. If+ If he should not主语事实相+should/would/could/ come主语+反的假动词过might+do tomorrow(Should he 设去式not come tomorrow),36. If+ we should put off the主语meeting till next+were Monday.to+do3If+ 主语+shoulddo练习1------John went to the hospital alone.-------If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tellB. tellsC. toldD. had told37.------The weather has been very hot and dry.-------Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldn’t dieB. didn’t dieC. hadn’t diedD. wouldn’thave died38.If we the other road, might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. takeB. had takenC. tookD. have taken39. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved40. If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.A.followedB. should followC. had followedD. would follow41. be fired, your health care and other benefits wouldn’t beimmediately cut off.A would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be42. If English included in the examinations, few students would choose it.A. weren’tB. isn’tC. hasn’t beenD. hadn’t been43. ----Mike , It’s a pity you didn’t come to last night’s concert. It was really great!-------Really? If I so busy, I would have gone with you.A. hadn’t beenB. weren’tC. shouldn’t beD. wouldn ’tbe44. it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off until the same time next week.A. Should ; /B. If ; shouldC. Were; /D. If; weregoing45. for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not把下列句子变成省略if 的形式1. If he had told me about it, I would have gone with him.2. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better.3. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here intime.46. If it should rain tomorrow, I wouldn ’t go hiking.47. If he were a bird, he would fly in the sky happily四. 介词短语中的虚拟语气用介词短语代替条件句,常见的介词有:,without, but foreg:Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=Had it not been for your help, I couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.练习4.T h ank you for all your hard work last week, I don’t think weIt without you.A. can manageB.could have managedC.could manageD.can have managed5.But for our help ,we the program in time.A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished6.But for the help of my Eglish teacher, I the first prize in the English writing competition.A. would not winB. would not have wonC.would winD.would have won48. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A.In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD.As for49.Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technologyA. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD.had not been achieved四.错综时间条件句, 动词形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整eg: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.7. If you had caught the early bus, you late now.A. Wouldn’t beB. won’t bec.wouldn’t have been D. aren’t8. If you had found a good job then, you trouble buying the house now.A. won’t haveB. wouldn’t haveC. wouldn’t hadD. didn’t have9. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying10. “If you to my party yesterday, you the reason why Iam wearing the clothes now”. Helen said to me.A.came; had knownB.had come ; would knowC. had come; would have knownD. came; would know五. 含蓄条件句例如I would have come, but I was ill that day.I was ill that day, or I would have come.练习50. I you more help, but I was too busy.A.should have givenB. gaveC.will giveD. should give51. I went on business that day. Otherwise, I you solve the problem.A. would helpB. helpedC. would have helpedD. was helping52. I didn’t know you were ill, or I to the hospital to see you.A. would goB. would have goneC. have goneD. went53. I sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for you.A.had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come54.I had to look after my mother in the hospital.Otherwise,I part in your birthday party.A. would takeB. did takeC. had takenD. would have taken六. 表示建议, 要求, 命令等词( 如suggest,propose,advice,require,request,demand, recommend, order,command,insist)后的从句中,虚拟语气结构为should+ 动词原形,should 可以省略.当suggest 表示“表明”, insist 表示“坚持说过去发生过某事”时不属于这种用法.eg: He suggested that we (should ) start off early the next day.It’s suggestesd that the meeting (should ) be put off t ill next week.We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should ) go to DaLian for sightseeing.My suggestion is that we (should ) put off the meeting.练习55.Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustn’t allowD. couldn’t allow56. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD. shouldn’t57.The boss required that the plans before April.A. turn in B turned in C. be turned in D. turning in58.The general ordered that the soldiers toward the mountain.A. marchedB. be marchedC. marchD.marching59.He had a proposal that the meetingA.put offB. be put offC. putting offD. would be put off七.as if, as though,would rather, if only,wish 后面常接虚拟语气. It’s necessary/important/strange/natural/essential后面从句动词常用(should)+do. It’s (high) time that sb. Did sth./sb.should do sth.eg: He looks as if he were an artist.I would rather I were a bird.If only I were a bird.I wish I were a bird.It’s (high time) that you went to school.It’s (high) time that we should start out.60. Gorge is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’drather he more on its culture.A. FocusB.focusedC.will focusD. had focused61. ------Where are the children? The dinner is going to be completelyruined.-------I wish they always late.A. Weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD.wouldn’t have been62.It’s strange that they nothing about this matter.A.should knowB.would knowC.had knownD.knew63.How I wish I to my parent’s advice.A.listeningB. listenC. am listeningD. had listened64.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.A. followB. would followC.had followedD. followed65. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he a Chinese.A. wereB.had beenC. isD. has been66. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been。

1,(have) access to 接近，进入例句：In Africa, people infected with AIDS have no free access to medicine.在非洲，艾滋病感染者没有免费的就医途径。

2, account for 解释，说明原因例句：I want you to account for each sum of money you spent.我要你说明你所花掉的每一笔钱的用途。

3，adapt/adjust (oneself) to 适应，习惯于例句：You will adapt yourself to the life here soon.不久你就会适应这里的生活。

4，all at once/all of a sudden 突然例句：All of a sudden I noticed that someone was following me.突然我注意到有人在跟踪我。

5, amount to 总共达到，实际上是例句：The cost amounted to 3000 dollars.费用总计3000美元。

6, answer for= be responsible for例句：You will have to answer for what you have done one day.总有一天你会遭报应的。

7，appeal to（sb）呼吁，上诉，对……有吸引力例句：The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁每个人节约用水。

The books are designed to appeal to children.这些书是为孩子们打造的。

8，apply for 提出申请apply to 把……应用于apply oneself to 专心从事例句: He is applying for a job now.他现在正在找工作。

A．to goB．to have gone
C．goingD．having gone
【答案】C
【解析】
risk意为冒……的危险，用法为risk doing something，冒险干某事，因此排除AB, D项中额having done意为已经干了某事，与此处句意不符，因此选择C项，句意为，如果年轻人每天都暴露在非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们可能有耳朵失聪的危险。
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些人，在农村长大，从来没见过火车。分析句子可知，in rural villages部分为定语，修饰Some of them，与其为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，同时也是表示一种状态，故选B。
【点睛】
过去分词作定语，过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。
注意：
选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较：
（Being）Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。
3．China’s Chang’e 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, ________ a major step in its mission to make a soft landing on the moon’s far side.
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。

【高中英语】get短语动词22条（详解附例句）（二）高考8.出发(1)起飞，动身，出发。

如：计划开始了。

飞机准时起飞。

wegotoffimmediatelyafterbreakfast.我们吃完早餐就动身了。

（2）下班后，下车。

例如：wegetoffatfive.我们五点下班。

我会在下一站下车。

我在下一站下车。

(3)从轻处罚，被放过。

如：他走得很好。

他付了一点罚金。

9.geton（1）上车。

例如：thebuscameandwegoton.公共汽车来了，我们就上了车。

（2）继续前进，取得进步，生活。

例如：let’sgetonwithourwork.我们继续干吧。

你（在学校）过得怎么样？你（在学校）怎么样？(3)相处。

如：10.出去(1)出来，出去，离开。

如：门塌了，我们出不去。

门是锁着的，我们出不去。

d（21）themeetingwentonlate,soigotoutassoonasicould.会议开到很晚，所以一有机会我便离开了。

（2）拿出来，拿出来。

例如：hegotoutadictionaryandlookedupthewordinit.他拿出一本词典来查这个词。

（3）发布，发布。

例如：wehopetogetthereportoutbeforetheendofthemonth.我们希望在这个月底发表这个报告。

（4）泄露出去。

例如：ifthesecretgetsout,therewillbetrouble.如果秘密泄漏出去，那就麻烦了。

11.逃离(1)逃避，躲掉。

如：他请求帮助我。

他试图避免给我帮助。

hewilldoanythingtogetoutofwork.为了逃避工作，他什么事都干得出来。

（2）使说（取出等）。

例如：hetriedtogetmoneyoutofher.他设法要她出钱。

警察对他进行了调查。

警察强迫他说出真相。

(3)放弃，戒除，停止。

如：你必须改掉这个坏习惯。

你必须改掉那个坏习惯。