湖南省长郡中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2020-2021学年长沙市长郡双语实验中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOvernight French ToastWhat You’ll Need•16-ounce loaf of French bread•5 eggs•1 1 /2 cups milk•1/2 cup half-and-half•1/3 cup maple syrup（枫糖浆）•1/2 teaspoon salt•foil（锡箔纸）•2 tablespoons melted butter（for topping）•2 tablespoons maple syrup（for topping）What to Do•With an adult’s help, cut the bread into 1-inch slices.•Place the eggs, milk, half-and-half, maple syrup, and salt into a large bowl. Stir（揽拌）the mixture until blended（混合均匀）.•Place the sliced bread into a baking dish. Pour the mixtureover the bread and press the slices into it. Cover the dish with foil and refrigerate overnight.•Remove the dish from the refrigerator at least one hour before baking. Ask an adult for help to preheat the oven to 375°F. Bake the French toast for 35 minutes or until golden brown.•For the topping, combine the melted butter and 2 tablespoons of maple syrup. Pour it over the French toast before serving.1.How much salt will you need to make a French toast?A.1/3 cup.B.1/2 teaspoon.C.2 tablespoons.D.16 ounces.2.How will you use foil?A.Place the sliced breadB.Cover the dish.C.Remove the dish.D.Eat the French toast.3.Who is the passage written for?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Cooks.D.Kids.BThe secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time betweenchildhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at theUniversityofCalifornia, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25.Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However,itcan only lead so far.To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included “family and s”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.4. What do psychologists agree with about dreams?A. Dreams are influenced by life experiences.B. Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.C. Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.D The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.5. What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The collection of dreams.B. Research into dreaming.C. The digital method.D. The challenge for psychologists.6. How do the researchers conduct their study?A. By analyzing large data sets.B. By developing individualized word strings.C. By identifying the patterns of dreaming.D. By making comparison with traditional research.7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. New tech, new findingB. Dreams: reflections of waking realityC. Lives, languages, dreamsD. Life experiences: elements of mental worldCI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of thehappiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.8. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.9. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.10. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.11. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.DOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions havebeen to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.12. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.13. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年长沙长郡中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASpeaking with people on the phone is pretty rare these days. Most people use e-mail or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. Sometimes, though, making a call is unavoidable. This simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia—the fear of speaking over the phone.Telephobia is a form of social anxiety, although people who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia. When speaking face-to-face, we give off lots of facial or bodily cues that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking into this void（真空）makes people terrified that they will freeze up, stumble over their words（失言）, or lose control of the conversation and look foolish In fact, telephobia is very similar to thefear people feel before putting on a performance in front of a big audience. However, there are things that one suffering from thin condition can do to reduce this fear and make phone calls at least somewhat bearable.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call in smile. It may sound silly, but smiling before doing something stressful can help you feel more relaxed. It won't delete the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it.Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. Running through a positive conversation in your head will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict any possible problems. There's no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes thinking up a general idea of what you want to say. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points. This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself naturally.And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don't always have to pick up. There's nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.So the next time your phone starts ringing, remember—speaking on the phone doesn't have to make you sweat. The important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.1. According to the article, which situation can cause a feeling similar lo telephobia?A.Speaking face-to-face to a good friend.B. Performing in front of a large audience.C. Running in a race without proper shoes.D. Using a messaging app while on the subway.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to deal with telephobia?A.Imagining how the call will go before you make it.B. Standing on the edge of a tall building while making a call.C. Calling someone back later instead of answering their phone calls right away.D. Writing down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present ways to ease telephobia.B. To explain the development of telephobiaC. To introduce the influence of telephobia.D. To give the reason why someone suffers from telephobia.BI’ve long believedthat positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change.However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons (变色龙) whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values.I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia (幸福感). Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism (享乐主义), the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable, satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” Tome, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.4. What is the author’s belief?A. People should live alone.B. People can’t always be happy.C. People can’t always achieve their goals.D. People should pursue true achievements.5. What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A. Their strongly believed values.B. Their different needs.C. Permanent happiness.D. The pursuit of hedonism.6. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A. By being honest to others.B. By changing true nature.C. By keeping realstically optimistic.D. By pursuing pleasure constantly.7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B. What should we do to keep positive?C. How can we keep happy forever?D. Why can’t people be happy all the time?CFour interesting festivalsGrand Old Days:Phone number: (651) 699-0029 E-mailaddress:***************Grand Old Days is one of the Midwest’s largest one-day festivals. It’s held every year on the first Sunday in June. It starts at 7:45 am until 5:00 pm. You should pay $8 for a ticket to enter the live music festival gardens and you must be at least 21 years old. There are a lot of interesting activities for the whole family.Uptown Art Fair:Phone number: (612) 823-4581 E-mailaddress:**************************There is a wide variety of artwork you can buy from only a few dollars to thousands of dollars. There are alsoactivities held by some artists. Uptown Art Fair starts on August 5th and ends on August 7th. It is free to attend. The opening time and closing time are Friday 11 am-8 pm, Saturday 10 am-8 pm, and Sunday 10 am-6 pm.Minnesota State Fair:Phone number: (651) 288-4400 E-mailaddress:************************It is one of the most popular fairs in Minnesota. It starts on August 25th and goes through Labor Day on September 5th. Tickets for adults (aged 13-64) are $11, seniors (aged 65 and older) $9, kids (aged 5-12) $8 and children under 5 are free of charge. It opens at 6 am and closes at midnight. The State Fair has lots of fun activities, bands, games, and rides.Nativity County Fair:Phone number: (651) 696-5401 E-mailaddress:***************************The Nativity County Fair is a kid’s fair, but it has some fun things for adults as well. You can buy tickets for the rides and games, and the price depends on how many tickets you want to buy. It starts from September 16th to September 18th.8. Which of the following lasts the longest?A. Grand Old Days.B. Minnesota State Fair.C. Uptown Art Fair.D. Nativity County Fair.9. How much should a couple with their 4-year-old son pay to attend the Minnesota State Fair?A. 17 dollars.B. 19 dollars.C. 22 dollars.D. 30 dollars.10. A 20-year-old young man who wants to listen to music should call ________.A. (651) 699-0029B. (612) 823-4581C. (651) 288-4400D. (651) 696-540111. The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is to________ .A. compare the costs of different festivals.B. introduce some festival activities.C. give advice on kids’ festival safety.D. advertise some popular festivals.DA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。

长郡中学2022年高二暑假作业检测试卷时量：120分钟总分值：150分得分：第一局部 听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面.5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对 话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15.B. £9.18.答案是C 。

1. What will the speakers do tonight?A. Visit Maiy.B. Go out of town.2. When does Dave's meeting start?A. At 8： 30.B. At 9： 00.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Clothes.B. Weather.4. What arc the speakers going to do?A. Ea ( out.B. Go shopping.5. How will Susan spend most of her time in France?A. Traveling around.B. Studying at a school.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个 选项中选出最正确选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the woman looking for?A. An information office.B. A police station.7. What is the Town Guide according to the man?A. A brochure.B. A newspaper.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2019-2020学年高二上英语期中模拟试卷含答案一．听力第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

1．Where is Mr. Baker now?A．In his office. B．In a hospital. C．In a restaurant.2．When will they probably discuss the plan?A．Before dinner. B．After dinner. C．Over dinner.3．Why does the man refuse to look at the woman’s dress?A．He’s sleepy.B．He’s busy.C．He’s lazy.4．What do we know about the train?A．It’s broken. B．It’s empty.C．It’s late.5．How much is the yellow coat?A．$ 45. B．$ 70. C．$ 90.第二节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）听下面6段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6．Which bus will the woman take?A．T – 3. B．– 4. C．T – 6.7．What is the man doing?A．Giving directions. B．Making an appointment. C．Asking for permission.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试英语试题一、短对话1．When does the swimming lesson start?A．At 4:30.B．At 4:45.C．At 5:15.2．Why is the man late?A．Because of the heavy traffic.B．Because of the bad weather.C．Because of a basketball match.3．What is the woman good at?A．Singing.B．Playing the piano.C．Playing the drums.4．What kind of movies does the woman probably like?A．Action movies.B．Comedy movies.C．Romantic movies.5．What does the man think of the training?A．Disappointing.B．Satisfying.C．Worrying.二、长对话听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6．Which is the special offer today?A．Bacon.B．Chicken rolls C．Fried eggs.7．What does the woman probably do?A．A waitress.B．A cook.C．A salesperson.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8．What is the man trying to do?A．Make an appointment with a doctor.B．Ask the woman for some advice.C．Complain about a doctor.9．What will the man probably do next?A．Take more medicine.B．Avoid working too hard.C．See the doctor right away.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2020-2021学年湖南郴州高二上英语期中试卷一、阅读理解1.Summer Camp JobsLooking to have the best summer experience ever? Our camps employ staff（员工）for a number of roles, including camp counselors（顾问）, water and sports specialists, and arts, theatre and outdoor adventure specialists. It would be better if you have any experience in working with children! JCUSA（Jewish Camps USA）will work with you to find the most suitable role and camp for you.What you are going to doThis is a job like no other; we personally get to know you and our most important thing is to make sure that you go to a camp that suits all of your situations.★The right overnight camp—you can select this kind of camp to have a start. Don't worry, you will feel comfortable and right at home.★The correct role—At camp there are many different roles and we will decide together from your application and interview what will suit you best. We will look into your previous experiences and focus on what you need for your future to give you the chance to do something you love every day.★Camp ready—you will have specific training for your role at camp so you will go fully prepared for your job. You will be part of a group going to camp and will know everyone before going.What we offer★You will get paid in your first year between 1,650and2,400 upon completion of your camp task.★The chance to go with a group of JCUSA staff and to meet them before you arrive at your own camp.★Travel around the USA for up to 60 days!What we ask★At least finished high school—you must be 18 by 2020.★You are someone who is energetic, outgoing and looking for a cultural summer experience.★You do not need to be Jewish to apply to work at a Jewish summer camp.（1）Which of the following experience is an advantage for an applicant to get the job?A.Having a night job.B.Working with kids.C.Studying abroad.D.Being a gardener.（2）What will the new staff get?A.A new specific training card.B.A salary of more than $2,400 a month.C.A chance to travel around the world for 60 days.D.A chance to work with a group of JCUSA staff.（3）Which is unnecessary for the new staff?A.They must be 18 or older by 2020.B.They should at least graduate from high school.C.They need to be Jewish for a Jewish summer camp.D.They should be outgoing and willing to camp.2.Christmas came early this year for the children living in these low-income neighborhoods in Harrisonburg, Virginia.That's because a former resident（居民）of the area returned to the streets where he grew up so he could hand out more than $ 12,000 worth of toys to the local children earlier this week.Adam Armstrong grew up poor in Harrisonburg. When he was just 18 years old, he was sent to prison to serve a three-month sentence for breaking the law. By the time he was set free, he knew that it was time to turn his life around.Armstrong, who is now the father of a three-year-old girl, ended up moving to Baltimore and doing different jobs until he finally got into the international business. As Armstrong became more and more economically comfortable, he felt more and more eager to help people living in poverty, so he began donating（捐赠）toys to local neighborhood every holiday season.This week, the 35-year-old man drove to his former neighborhood in a 26-foot moving truck packed with 1,327 toys to give away to all of the children. Sara Lewis Weeks, an old neighbor there, said that when Armstrong spoke to her about the gifts last week, she was not sure of his plan. To her surprise, however, Armstrong made good on his promise. "It wasn't like simple animal toys—he was giving away bikes, self-controlled cars, real Barbie dolls—not Dollar Store Barbie dolls," said Lewis Weeks. "He didn't miss anybody. His heart was truly in this."Armstrong simply told The Washington Post that he was happy to bring joy to little kids for the holiday season."The kids were so pure and sweet," Armstrong said. "You can't put a price on looking at these kids' happy faces. Some of them have nothing, and to be able to give them a small toy...the reward and the pleasure was mine."（1）What do we know about Adam Armstrong's childhood from the text?A.He and his family led a poor life.B.He did many different jobs to support his family.C.His parents were always busy during Christmas.D.He often received donated toys before Christmas.（2）When did Adam Armstrong decide to live a different life?A.After having a child.B.During his childhood.C.After finding a good job.D.After coming out of prison.（3）What was Sara Lewis Weeks' attitude towards Armstrong's plan at first?A.Doubtful.B.Amazed.C.Uncaring.D.Grateful.（4）What can we learn about Adam Armstrong's donation according to paragraph 5?A.Armstrong wanted a reward for his donations.B.Only a few children could receive the donations.C.Armstrong's donations were really great toys.D.Armstrong was persuaded to donate by his daughter.3.With attractiveness in its structure（结构）and in its presence, the Eiffel Tower has become a great site of France and Gustave Eiffel's architectural wonder. Also known as La Tour Eiffel, the Eiffel Tower is climbed by millions of visitors every year. Do you know how tall the Eiffel Tower is? Standing at 1,063 feet tall, this is the second tallest building in France after the Millau Viaduct, a road bridge across the river Tarn. Nicknamed La Dame de Fer, or the iron lady, this tower is a symbol of France even today.The tower was built between 1887 and 1889 as the entrance for the World Fair. This event was to mark the 100th celebration of the storming of the Bastille and the French Revolution. Ironically, at first, the tower was considered unpleasant by a lot of art enthusiasts. Several members from the arts community said it only ruined the empty skyline of the Paris city. French novelist Guy de Maupassant expressed his dislike for the tower by eating lunch every day at the tower's restaurant—his explanation was that it was the only place in Paris where one could not see the structure! Whatever may have been the opinion about the structure at the time, the fact remains that it became an object that attracted many people around the world.The tower, weighing 10,000 tons, includes several non-metallic（非金属的）parts as well. The metallic parts used in the structure weigh 7,300 tons, which, if melted（熔化）, will fill up a 125-meter square with a depth of 6 cm. At the time when the tower was built, the great structure amazed lots of engineers and common people. The Eiffel Tower needs 50～60 tons of paint every seven years to keep the rust（铁锈）away.The structure decorates the Parisian skyline. Being one of the most visited sites in the world,the Eiffel Tower still remains an architectural wonder!（1）What does "the iron lady" refer to in paragraph 1?A.Gustave Eiffel.B.The Eiffel Tower.lau Viaduct.D.The river Tarn.（2）The underlined word "Ironically" in the second paragraph means "_______".A.impolitelyB.impossiblyC.unexpectedlyD.cautiously（3）How much paint was probably used from 1996 to 2017 on the tower?A.170 tons.B.220 tons.C.5,500 tons.D.10,000 tons.（4）What is the purpose of the third paragraph?A.To show how huge the Eiffel Tower is.B.To show the Eiffel Tower is a good entrance.C.To show the materials used to build the Eiffel Tower.D.To show how difficult it is to clean the Eiffel Tower.4.Now the newly described Kupoupou has been found on the Chatham Island in the southern Pacific near New Zealand's South Island. Kupoupou means diving bird, which appears to be the oldest penguin known with a size close to its modern relatives. It lived between 62.5 million and 60 million years ago at a time when there was no ice cap at the South Pole（南极）.Flinders University PhD palaeontology candidate and University of Canterbury graduate Jacob Blokland made the discovery after studying fossil skeletons（化石骨骼）collected from Chatham Island between 2006 and 2011. He helped build a picture of an ancient penguin that fills the blank between the extinct（灭绝的）huge penguins and their modern relatives."Next to its huge human-sized cousins, including the recently described large penguin Crossvallia waiparensis, Kupoupou was comparatively small—not bigger than King Penguins which stand just under 1.1 metres tall," says Mr Blokland, who worked with Professor Paul Scofield and Catherine Reid.Kupoupou is the first that has modern proportions both in terms of its size and in its hind limb（后肢）and foot bones or foot shape. The discovery may even link the origins of penguins themselves to the east of New Zealand—from the Chatham Island to the eastern coast of the South Island, where other most ancient penguin fossils have been found, 800 km away."We think it's likely that the ancestors of penguins diverged（分化）from the family leading to their closest living relatives—-such as albatross and petrels—during the Late Cretaceous period, and then many different creatures sprang up after the dinosaurs were killed," Professor Scofield says. "It's not impossible that penguins lost the ability to fly and gained the ability to swim after the extinction event of 66 million years ago, which means that the birds had huge changes in a very short time. If we ever find a penguin fossil from the Cretaceous period, we'll know for sure."（1）What is the character of Kupoupou?A.It had a big size.B.It was 1.1 metres in length.C.It was smaller than King Penguins.D.It is now living at the South Pole.（2）What does Blokland's discovery contribute to?A.Helping to find the origin of penguins.B.Giving to geography researchers guidance.C.Helping to know of the ancient dinosaurs.D.Helping to find penguins' fossil from the Cretaceous period.（3）What can we learn from Scofield's words?A.Penguins and petrels must have the same ancients.B.Dinosaurs' dying out had a bad effect on other creatures.C.Penguins must live actively in the early Cretaceous period.D.Great changes may happen to penguins because of the extinction event.（4）What is the best title of this text?A.The Reasons for Kupoupou's ResearchB.The Research on Kupoupou's DiscoveryC.New Discoveries About KupoupouD.The link Between Penguins and Dinosaurs二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

湖南省长沙市长郡中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Car HireHiring a self-drive car really adds to the enjoyment of your holiday.There are so many places of interest to visit,and if you enjoy seeing more than just the city center there’s no better way to explore than by car.Hire Charges:What’s includeda) Unlimited mileage （英里数）.b) Expenses on oil,maintenance and repairs,which will be repaid on production of invoices.C) Full insurance except personal accident (see below).What’s not includeda) Personal accident insurance.b) Garaging,petrol,parking and traffic fines.Conditions of Hire:★The shortest rental period at these special low prices is three days.For prices for periods of one or two days you only see our representative at the hotel.★Car hire must be booked six weeks or more before arrival in London to guarantee a car.But if you have been unable to make a booking in advance please see our representative at the hotel who may still be able to help you.★The car types on the sheet are examples of the types of cars in each price range,but particular car cannot be guaranteed.★Upon delivery the driver (s) will be asked to sigh the car hire company’s Condition of Hire.★If you decide to hire a car,just fill in the Booking Form and return it to us.A booking fee of £ 12 as part of the car hire cost is required.Should you be forced to cancel your car hire booking after payment in full (two weeks before date of hire),a cancellation charge of £ 12 will be made.1．From the advertisement we can see a car hirer will pay .A．insurance against damage to the car B．insurance against injury to the driver C．the cost of maintenance of the car D．the cost of repairs to the car2．If car hirers change their minds after paying the whole cost of hiring,the £ 12 booking fee is .A．partly returned B．doubly paidC．not returned D．returned within six weeks3．The prices for car hire are especially low when .A．it is booked for at least three days B．it is booked two weeks in advance C．it is booked for two days D．the booking is made in LondonAn organization,Eye Care 4 Kids,is bringing much-needed eye care to poor kids.It provides free eye examinations for kids from poor families.Founded by Joseph Carbone in 2001,the organization has helped around 100,000 children in Utah and Nevada.Now,Cecil Swyers,a biomedical engineer who was once a poor child himself,is bringing the charity’s services to poor students in Arizona,so that vision impairment（视力受损）doesn’t stand in the way of their education.“Eye Care 4 Kids is bringing eye care and glasses to families that wouldn’t have the means to pay for them,” said Mario Ventura from Isaac Elementary School District,the first school district in Arizona to receive its services.Good vision is important to a child’s learning experience.According to a study,up to 80 percent of learning happens through sight for children between 6 and 18 years old.Without proper eye care,it’s difficult for students to learn better and suc ceed.Swyers is hoping that by bringing the organization to Arizona he’ll help a lot more students.He teamed up with two other organizations to get doctors to volunteer their time with the ing Eye Care 4 Kids mobile clinic,Swyers visited Alta E.Butler Elementary School and has already helped 40 students.The school was grateful to receive the eye care,especially since the services came to them.“It’s is great for us,” said Assistant Pricipal Cindy Alonso.Swyers is hoping to bring Eye Care 4 Kids’ se rvices to other schools in the state.He said that hopefully his work will have a positive effect on students’ futures.“If we can help students while they’re young,we can make a difference in their futures,” he said.4．Eye Care 4 Kids helps students by __________.A．giving them sunglasses for free B．offering money to their families C．examining their eyes for free D．solving their problems in study 5．Who is in charge of the organization’s services in Arizona?A．Joseph Carbone. B．Cecil Swyers.C．Mario Ventura. D．Cindy Alonso.6．Where do students take an eye examination?A．In the classroom. B．In the mobile clinic.C．In the nearby hospital. D．In the places where students live. 7．What would be the best title for the text?A．Eye Care 4 Kids Was Founded by the Poor B．Eye Care 4 Kids Develops at a Fast SpeedC．Eye Care 4 Kids Poor Kids Succeed D．Eye Care 4 Kids Fights for Better EducationA heated debate is currently going on in our town.Should we allow the cinema to be constructed in the Havenswood Shopping Center? There is just one large lot left to build on,and the theater would use up all of that space.Some people are excited at the idea of finally having our own movie theater.Others would rather travel ten miles to the nearest theater to keep our quiet town t he way it is.They say it is enough to have Marvin’s Movie Video Rentals.After all,Marvin’s store keeps thousands of the latest videos.There are certainly benefits to renting videos.For one thing,you can plan your own schedule when it is convenient for you.You can relax on your sofa,and take a break whenever you need one.You can also talk to others without bothering any strangers seated nearby.In additional,it is a less expensive way to view a movie compared to going to a theater.On the other hand,seeing a movie in a theater is an experience all its own.First,you can see the movie on wide screen as the filmmaker intended.To be viewed on a television screen,a film must be changed in some way to make it smaller.One is the “pan-and-scan”method,which involves removing some of the details in the picture.The other way,called “letterboxing”,keeps the image the way it is on the big screen,with one annoying exception; because the big-screen version is wide,the same picture on a television screen must be long and narrow.Another problem is sound.The sound from a television cannot compare to the sound system in a theater.Your experience of a movie improves when you can clearly hear all of the sounds.Furthermore,at home,viewing companions often talk during a movie,which makes you miss out on what’s happening in the film.Besides,having a movie theater will not mean that you can’t still go to Marvin’s! You will just have a choice that you didn’t have before.Isn’t it time for Havenswood residents to enjoy a little progress?8．The underlined word “lot” in Paragraph 1 means “__________”.A．a great number B．a complete groupC．an area of land D．a result of chance9．How does the author mainly state his point?A．By using examples. B．By making a comparison.C．By carrying out a survey D．By presenting different people’s view. 10．Why do some people think it is enough to have Marvin’s Movie Video Rentals? A．Marvin’s store stocks lots of recent videos.B．It’ very convenient to go to Marvin’s store.C．the owner of the store is friendly and helpful.D．It is more comfortable to see films at home than in the theater.11．What is the author’s attitude towards building a new cinema?A．Cautious. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Worried.Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill,a new American study suggests.In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus,researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fail ill.The findings,published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help ward off the common cold and other illness.Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective―as in happiness improving immune function―and subjective―as in happ y people being less troubled by a sore throat or runny nose.“People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,” explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.“And when they do get a cold,they may interpret their illness as being less severe.”Cohen and his colleagues has found in a previous study that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional quality itself had the effect.For the new study,the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality qualities, physicals health,and emotional “style”.Those who tended to be happy,energetic and easy –going were judged as having a positive emotional style,while those who were often unhappy,tense,and hostile had a negative style.Afterwards,the researchers gave them nose drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.Over the next six days,the volunteers reported on any aches,pains,sneezing they had,while the researchers collected objective data.Cohen and his colleagues found that happy people were less likely to develop a cold.What’s more,when happy folks did develop a cold,their symptoms were less severe than expected based on objective measures.On the contrary,people with negative characters were not at increased risk of developing a cold based on objective measures,though they did tend to get down about their symptoms.“We find that it’s really positive emotions that have the big effect,” Cohen said,“not the negative ones.”So can a bad-tempered person fight a cold by deciding to be happy?12．The purpose of Cohen’s new study was to.A．find effective ways to fight illnessesB．test people’s different immune responses to cold virusC．tell differences between happy people and unhappy peopleD．examine whether health was related to emotional styles13．The underlined phrase “ward-off” in Paragraph 2 means “”.A．get close to B．keep way from C．get used to D．go on with 14．How did Cohen reach his conclusion?A．By comparing the experimental results of different groups.B．By asking the volunteers to complete a form.C．By collecting data among people with a cold.D．By observing the volunteers’ symptoms.15．Cohen’s new study showed that .A．an emotional style is difficult to change B．happy people are immune to cold virusC．people attitudes towards illnesses are different D．happiness itself helps protect people from cold二、七选五七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。