高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型
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高考英语阅读理解技巧及考点在高考英语中,阅读理解占据了相当重要的地位。
它不仅考查了我们对英语词汇、语法等基础知识的掌握,更考验了我们的阅读速度、理解能力和逻辑思维。
想要在高考英语阅读理解部分取得好成绩,掌握一些有效的技巧和了解常见的考点是至关重要的。
一、高考英语阅读理解的题型高考英语阅读理解通常包括以下几种题型:1、细节理解题这类题目主要考查我们对文章中具体细节的理解和把握。
问题往往比较直接,答案通常可以在原文中直接找到。
例如,“What did the author do last weekend?”或者“Which color does the dress have?”2、主旨大意题主旨大意题要求我们概括文章的中心思想或主要内容。
这种题目需要我们对整篇文章有一个整体的理解,能够抓住文章的关键信息和核心要点。
比如,“What is the main idea of the passage?”3、推理判断题推理判断题需要我们根据文章所提供的信息进行推理和判断。
题目可能会问“ What can we infer from the passage?”或者“Which of the following statements is true according to the text?”4、词义猜测题词义猜测题考查我们根据上下文猜测生词或短语的意思。
例如,“The word ‘obscure’ in the passage probably means ______”5、观点态度题观点态度题要求我们判断作者或文中人物对某一事物的观点、态度或情感倾向。
比如,“What is the author’s attitude towards the new policy?”二、高考英语阅读理解的考点1、词汇词汇是阅读理解的基础。
高考阅读理解中会出现一些常见的高频词汇,也会有一些生词。
对于高频词汇,我们必须熟练掌握其含义和用法;对于生词,我们可以通过上下文的语境来猜测其大致意思。
高考英语阅读理解题型与解题技巧总结一、主旨大意题这类题就像是在找一篇文章的大BOSS。
你得通读全文,然后问自己“这篇文章到底在讲啥呢?”有时候,文章开头或者结尾就会直接告诉你答案,就像有人把宝藏的地图直接放在入口或者出口一样。
比如说,如果文章一直在说环保的各种方式,那主旨可能就是关于环保的啦。
别被那些小细节迷惑,要抓住主要的东西。
这类型的题大概占阅读理解总分的10% - 15%哦。
二、细节理解题这就像是找宝藏里的小金币。
答案就在文章里,要仔细找。
可能是一个数字、一个日期或者一个人的名字。
你得像侦探一样,把文章仔细扫描一遍。
比如文章提到了一个事件发生的时间是1999年,那这个1999年就是细节啦。
这类型的题占的比例比较大,大概30% - 40%呢。
三、推理判断题这个有点难,像是猜谜语。
文章不会直接告诉你答案,你得根据文章里的线索去推测。
比如说文章里说一个人每天都早起跑步,你就可以推测他很注重健康。
这就需要你动用你的小脑袋瓜啦。
这种题大概占20% - 25%的分数。
四、词义猜测题就像是猜一个神秘的密码。
如果文章里有个生词,你要根据上下文去猜它的意思。
比如文章说“He is a paragon of virtue, always helping others.” 这个“paragon”你可能不认识,但是根据后面“总是帮助别人”,你就可以猜到这个词大概是“模范”之类的意思啦。
这类型的题占10% - 15%的分数。
五、解题技巧1. 先看问题再读文章。
这样你就知道你要在文章里找什么啦,就像你知道你要找的宝藏是什么样子的。
2. 注意关键词。
比如“but”“however”这些词,它们后面往往就是重点。
3. 对于长难句,要学会拆分。
把长句子拆成一个个小部分,就像拆乐高一样,这样就容易理解了。
其实做高考英语阅读理解就像是一场冒险,你要勇敢地去探索文章这个神秘的世界,然后把宝藏(答案)找出来。
加油呀,小伙伴们!。
(英语)高三英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1.阅读理解Robots make me nervous—especially the ones which seem to think for themselves. I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way. Gates said in an interview with the social networking and news website Reddit: "I am in the camp that is concerned about super intelligence. First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super intelligent.That should be positive if we manage well. A few decades after that, though, the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern."Well, maybe I don't have to worry about my computer and kitchen equipment yet. After I use them I can always pull the plug. But in the future, machines might find a way to prevent us from switching them off. There's a terrible thought!Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil like some we've seen in sci-fi movies. What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient. That's what philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University believes. He says that machines are indifferent to humans and in pursuit of their own goals,the destruction of people might be just additional damage. Bostrom gives us an example: A machine which might have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. Because it is, well, a machine, it would not take pity on you.It's a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm.I'm glad my machines at home are "dumb". All my cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room. Let's hope they don't create an appliance which wants to take over the world!(1)The author quoted Bill Gates' words in Paragraph 2 in order to make the text________.A. better-knownB. more persuasiveC. better-organizedD. more interesting(2)An intelligent paperclip machine would harm us because _______.A. it is much cleverer than usB. it would take over the worldC. it has the strong feeling of destroying usD. it would see us just as material(3)How does the author feel about Isaac Asimov's rules of robotics?A. OptimisticB. WorriedC. DisappointedD. Regretful(4)What does the text mainly focus on?A. The benefits of future robots.B. The new applications of robots.C. The concern for super intelligence.D. The popularity of robots in the future.【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家Isaac Asimov为此制定了三条机器人规则,作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。
高考英语阅读理解技巧(实用5篇)1.高考英语阅读理解技巧第1篇这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。
归纳标题题特点:短小精悍,一般多为一个短语;涵盖性强,一般能覆盖全文意思;精确性强,表达范围要恰当,不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。
常见命题形式有:What’s the best title for the text? The best title for this passage is Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?概括大意题包括寻找段落大意(topic)和文章中心思想(main idea),常见命题形式有: What is the general/main idea of the passage?Which of the following expresses the main idea?What is the subject discussed in the text? BThe writer of the story wants t o tell us The passage/ text is mainly What’s the article mainly about ?解题技巧阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文,这两种文体的结构可归纳为:提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。
对于这类文章,抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。
主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。
主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。
位于段首:一般而言,以演绎法撰写的文章,主题句往往在文章的开头,即先点出主题,然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。
判断第一句是否为主题句,可具体分析段落的首句与第二,三句的关系;如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明,论述或描述,那第一句就是主题句。
阅读理解可谓是英语考试的大题了,常说得阅读者得高分,此话一点不假,那么英语阅读理解有没有什么方法来进行提升呢?一、阅读理解“潜规则”1.原句重复出现,200%错。
正确的一般都是有改动的,即同义替换。
2.文章是按顺序出题的。
你要觉得不是,就是你可能做错了。
3.选项中意思完全相反的2个选项,其中之一是对的。
(要有这个意识)。
4.就一般而言,some people,表作者不认同的观点。
few people,表作者的观点。
5.用文章里举例的句子来做为选项,直接排除。
200%错。
(要有能辨别这个选项是不是文章中例子的能力)。
6.某某人说的话,或者是带引号的,一定要高度重视。
尤其是在段落的后半部分,很有可能就是某个问题的同义替换。
即题眼。
7.有的时候,一句话可以设2个问题。
不过这种情况很少出现了,非常少。
8.文章基本以5段为主(也有6段、7段的),要把握每段之间的关系。
一般来说,一段一个题,只是一般来说哦。
9.一篇文章总会有5、6+个长难句,且总会在这里设问题。
所以,长难句必须要拿下!!10.每段的第一句很重要。
尤其总分结构的段。
有的时候第一句话就是题眼。
在英语考试中,总分结构或者总分总的段落很多。
11.若文章首段以why为开头的,这里若设题的话,选项里有because的,往往就是正确选项。
不过这种类型的题,很少见了。
12.有时候每段的第一句话,仅仅是一个表述。
而在第2或3句以后,会出现对比或者转折。
一般来说,转折后面的是作者的态度。
你要注意的是,作者对什么进行了转折。
那个关键词你要找出来。
13.在应该出现答案的地方,没有答案。
接着往下读。
答案可能会在下一段的开头部分。
因为文章都是接着说的,要有连贯性。
14.一个长句看不懂,接着往下看,下一句可能是这个长句的解释说明。
若是,这个地方可能会出题。
命出题的话,答案就在这附近。
而实际情况是,文章在谈论某个问题或提出某个观点时,有时会再做进一步的解释说明。
这种情况下,这里往往会设问题。
(word完整版)高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及范例第二局部题型专项阅读理解一、考点聚焦1、题型特点阅读是理解和吸收书面信息的能力。
?中学英语教学大纲?规定,中学生应侧重培养阅读理解能力。
阅读材料的选取原那么为:〔 1〕阅读量不少于1000 个单词。
近三年超过2000 字篇数为 5 篇,读速要求为, 44.6 和 46.3wpm 。
(2〕题材多样化,包括科普、社会、文化、政治、史地、经济、新闻报道乃至广告说明。
(3〕体裁防止单一化,包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。
2、试题要求(1〕掌握所读材料的主旨和大意,以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。
(2〕既理解具体的事实,也理解抽象的概念。
(3〕既理解字面意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度、意图等。
(4〕既理解某句、某段的意义也理解全篇的逻辑关系,并据此进行推理和判断。
(5〕能根据材料所提供的信息,结合中学生应有的常识正确判断生词的含义。
3、根本能力(1〕能迅速看准每句的结构,抓住主句的主语、谓语、宾语。
(2〕有一定的词汇量和辨词能力。
(3〕能灵活运用所学语法知识,根据句中的某个词迅速断定真假、语态和时态等。
(4〕对英美文化背景知识有一定了解。
(5〕有良好的思维能力,能边看边加工所得到的信息,从而作出正确分析、判断和综合。
(6〕有平时大量阅读作根底,有一定的语感和相当的阅读速度。
二、应试技巧点拨1、四个步骤(1〕速读短文,了解短文的主旨大意,区分文体,掌握结构。
(2〕看题。
了解考查内容,带着问题读材料,寻找答案。
(3〕复读。
对所选答案有针对性地寻找支撑论点的关键信息。
(4〕核查。
注意各题的答案应逻辑一致,不能自相矛盾。
尽可能找到〔从文中〕根据,确保正确无误。
2、四个善于(1〕关于审题,找出文中依据。
(2〕善于寻找线索。
(3〕善于抓主题句,解决概括题。
(4〕善于筛选、比拟、衡量、综合文章的有用信息。
3、三个防止(1〕只见树木不见林。
(2〕难题耗时太多。
(3〕阅读方式不当。
词汇、阅读速度和理解能力阅读的方法可以使用以下几种:1.跳读:就是快速的一步阅读法。
实际上是有选择阅读,找关键词。
用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。
2.略读:指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。
即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读,目的是了解大意,对文章有个总的概念。
此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。
3.精读:即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法,目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。
在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点:1.带着问题阅读短文。
2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。
3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。
4.尽快选择答案。
不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧1.记叙文记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。
传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键,根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件,抓住文章的主要内容。
故事类文章情节性较强,阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件,这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息,对于准确理解文章十分重要。
2.说明文说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍,解释或阐述的文章。
把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。
说明事物特征的方法很多,主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。
数字说明文在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义,从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。
解释说明文解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。
许多科普文章都属于这一类。
在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。
它们是文章的关键。
如能带着这些问题阅读,将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。
比较说明文比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。
在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。
作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。
但是,在一般情况下,作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。
3.应用文应用文涉及的范围比较广,包括广告、通知、书信等。
应用文一般语言简洁,省略及不规范的句子较多。
阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息,并运用这些信息去解决问题。
因此对题干的理解尤为重要。
即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解,并据此进行判断和推理)。
其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题;主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。
Ⅰ.事实细节题属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节,题型可以多种多样。
此类题型一般分两种。
第一种是直接理解题,在原文中可以直接找到答案。
第二种是词义转换题,正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。
做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节,所选答案切不可望文生义。
这类题型的主要提问方式常为:①Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage④All the following statem ents are NOT true except .细节题的破解一般采用寻读法,即先看试题,再读文章。
对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有根有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案。
寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。
做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。
英语中有许多功能词,如:表因果关系的because, since, as等;表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。
Ⅱ.猜测词义题要注意从以下七个方面着手:1)根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义在be,be called,call等判断词出现的判断句中,或定语从句及标点符号,或同位语部分,可以根据已知部分,猜测生词的含义。
例如: The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.2)根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在but,however,yet,otherwise,though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中,其前后的词有明显对比关系,根据已知的内容,通过这种对比关系,就很容易猜出生词的词义了。
例如:Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.3)通过因果关系猜测词义because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词,so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词,so...that与such...that中的that是连接结果状语从句的。
例如:She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.4)根据生活常识猜测词义运用逻辑推理能力,自身的生活经验及生活常识。
再联系上下文能读懂的部分,可以正确猜出词义。
例如:Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.5)根据同等关系猜测词义同等关系,指的是一个词,一组词或短语在句中作同一成分,而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。
明显的标志是,这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。
例如: At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。
6)根据列举的事例猜测词义You can take any of the periodicals: “The World of English”. “Foreign Language Teaching in Schools”, or “English Learning”. 从后面列举的例子中,可以猜出periodical是“期刊,杂志”的意思。
7)根据构词法知识猜测词义:派生,合成,转化,缩略,知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义,就可猜出组成的新词词义。
Remember that people on line may not be who they seem.Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself.Ⅲ.推理判断题在阅读理解整体语篇的同时,又要求对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点。
不要主观臆断,凭空想象,任意发挥,而走入误区。
学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图,运用归纳、对比、演绎技能,运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义,从而正确理解作者的言外之意,同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如:否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。
这类试题常以如下句式发问:①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage②What’s the author’s attitude(态度)towards...③We can infer /learn from the passage that...Ⅳ.主旨大意题把握文章的总体,并真正理解主题和中心;要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题,难度较大,属于高层次题。
一般主旨大意题可以分为两类:1.确定文章的标题和主题(title or topic)标题位于文章之首,用来高度概括文章内容,点明文章主题。
它可以是单词,短语,也可以是句子。
要确定文章标题,首先,要在阅读原文的基础上,考虑标题是否与主题密切相关;其次,看标题是否能概括全文内容。
不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节;然后,要注意标题范围不应太大或太小;最后,标题应简练并能吸引读者。
即:1、独特新颖 2、概括性强 3、短小精炼。
常见的标题型题干:1) The best title/ headline for this passage might be________. 2) The text (passage) could be entitled ______.3) What is the best title for the passage 4) What’s the topic of the article 2.主题句(topic sentence)及主旨大意(main idea)的概括一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。
这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。
此句叫做主题句。
一般来说,说明文和议论文都有主题句,而且多位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。
但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句,要求读者把握每段的主题句,弄清段于段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。
主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容,具有高度的综合性和概括性。
文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展.常见的主题句和主旨型题干:1) What is the topic sentence of the passage2) This article/text/passage mainly tells that _____________.3) Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage4) Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?阅读水平的提高不是一两天的阅读就可以见效的。
想要提高阅读能力,一是要培养良好的阅读行为习惯;如:要用眼光看,不要用手指去点;要默读,不要小声读。
二是要积累大量的词汇,把阅读中的高频难词熟记,每次阅读后要整理好生词,然后记住其意思。
三是要广泛地做课后阅读,坚持每天读1-2篇文章。
四是不要一遇到生词就查字典,要先猜其意义,等做完题目后再查字典,以免影响阅读速度。
练习CBAAB Son’s HelpMr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watche s and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him.It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old sonto go to find out if there were the police men outside. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.“I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and aske d some to come.”1. Mr. Lang was paid much because _______.A. he was a driverB. he worked in a factoryC. he had a lot of work to doD. he had worked there for a long time2. Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______.A. she cou ldn’t find any workB. she thought her husband was tiredC. her husband spent all time in gamblingD. she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling3. _______, so he was put into lockup.A. Mr. Lang often gambledB. Mr. Lang was late for workC. Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at homeD. Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police4. The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______.A. he didn’t love her any longerB. he wouldn’t stop gamblingC. he had been put into lockupD. he was hardly sent away by the factory5. Which of the following is rightA. The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again.B. The boy thought his father needed some policemen.C. The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon.D. The boy hoped his mother to come back(2) DBDDStudents in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teen-agers. Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by learning the language over the radio, on TV, or in film. One must work hard to learn another language.Why do all these people want to learn English It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required for study. They study their own language and maths and English: Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Many people learn English for their work. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English.1. People learn English _______.A. at schoolB. over the radioC. on TVD. not all in the same way2. Different kinds of people want to learn English _______.A. together with other subjectsB. for different reas**C. for their workD. for higher studies at colleges3. From this passage we know that _______.A. we can learn English easilyB. English is very difficult to learnC. English is learned by most people in the worldD. English is a useful language but one must work hard to learn4. Which of the following is right?A. We don’t need to learn any foreign languages.B. We can do well in all our work without English.C. English is the most important subject in schools.D. We should learn English because we need to face the world.。