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英语分词作状语

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现在分词的完成式的用法1.表示先于谓语的动作：即当现在分词所表示的动作先于谓语动作发生时，现在分词就用完成式。

如：Having lost all my money, I went home. 我把钱全丢了，于是我就回家了。

Having written down our names and addresses,the policeman let us go. 那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。

第一句的having lost表示“丢钱”在先，“回家”在后；第二句的having written down…表示警察“记下……”在先，“让我们回家”在后。

2.与一般式的区别：现在分词的一般式和完成式均可表示已完成或先于谓语的动作，但是有区别——现在分词所表示的动作虽然可以先于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔，而现在分词的完成式所表示先于谓语的动作则与谓语动作有一定的时间间隔。

如：Locking the door, he went out. 锁好门之后，他就出去了。

Having invited him here to speak, we’d better go to his lecture.既然我们请了他来作报告，我们最好去听一下。

第一句用现在分词的一般式，表明现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动作紧挨着发生，虽然有前有后，但两者没有间隔；第二句用现在分词的完成式，表明“邀请”在先，“我们去听演讲”在后，并且两者之间有一定的时间空间。

顺便说一句，有时即使是分词动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生，但如果要强调分词动作的完成性，也应用现在分词的完成式。

如：Having bought our tickets, we went into the theatre. 我们买好票后就分词作状语是分词最主要的作用之一一、分词用作时间状语Seeing the door open, the stranger entered the house.那个陌生人看见门开着就进了屋子。

The work finished, they went home.工作做完后，他们就回家了。

【说明】分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句(引导时间状语的从属连词需根据句意来确定)，如上面两句也可转换成：When he saw the door open, the stranger entered the house. When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.After the work was finished, they went home.请看下面的例题：When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. comparedB. being comparedC. comparingD. having compared【分析】此题答案选C，分词短语when comparing different cultures相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。

二、分词用作原因状语Being athletic, Tom found the climb quite easy.由于身体健壮，汤姆觉得爬山很容易。

His car broken down, he had to walk.他的车坏了，所以只好走路。

Much discouraged, she moved on to London. 她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。

【说明】分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句，如上面三句也可转换成：As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.As he was athletic, Tom found the climb quite easy.Because h is car broken was down, he had to walk.Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to London. (1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.A. FacedB. FaceC. FacingD. To face答案选A。

现在分词短语faced with so much trouble可转换成原因状语从句because we were faced with so much trouble。

(2) ______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed答案选B。

现在分词短语blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可转换成原因状语从句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。

三、分词用作条件状语Working hard, you will succeed.如果努力工作，你就可以成功。

Adding them all up, we can find the answer.如果把它们加起来，我们就可以得到答案。

United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。

Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。

【说明】分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if 引导的条件状语从句，如上面几句也可转换成：If yo u work hard, you will succeed.If w e add them all up, we can find the answer.If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.If we had been given more time, we could have done it better. ______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given【分析】答案选D。

give 与其逻辑主语he 是动宾关系，用过去分词，故选D。

分词短语Given time 可转换成条件状语从顺If he is given time。

四、分词用作让步状语Although living miles away, he attended the course.虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。

Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。

【说明】分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.A. performedB. performingC. to be performedD. being performed【分析】答案选A。

现在分词短语performed在此相当于they are performed。

No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“无论它们（指贝多芬的作品）被演奏多少次”五、分词用作伴随状语He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.他坐在椅子上看报。

Don't you sit there doing nothing.别什么也不干坐在那里。

He came in, followed by his wife.他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。

理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。

分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。

(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table.A. doB. to doC. doingD. and doing(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits.A. broughtB. bringingC. to bringD. had brought(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing.A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ______ that all children like these things.A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought以上四题答案分别为CBAA。

六、分词用作方式状语He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。

I'm returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。

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英语分词作状语知识点总结

英语分词作状语知识点总结

英语分词作状语知识点总结在学习英语的这条漫漫长路上，分词作状语这个知识点就像一个有点调皮的小精灵，时不时跳出来给咱使点绊子。

但别怕，今儿个咱就把它给拿捏得死死的！先来说说啥是分词作状语。

简单来讲，分词包括现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done），它们跑到句子里作状语，那作用可大了去了。

比如说，“Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower” 这里的“walking in the park”就是现在分词作状语，表示“我”在公园里走这个动作和后面“看到花”这个动作是同时发生的。

咱再细瞅瞅现在分词作状语的情况。

它可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随等等。

就拿时间来说吧，“Hearing the news, she jumped with joy” 听到消息的同时，她高兴得跳了起来，“hearing”就表明了两个动作几乎同时发生。

再比如原因，“Being ill, he didn't go to school” 因为生病，所以他没去上学，“being ill”就解释了为啥他没去学校。

过去分词作状语也有它的门道。

像“Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful” 从山顶上看，城市很美。

这里“seen”就表示城市是被看的，有一种被动的意味。

我还记得当初学这个知识点的时候，那叫一个迷糊。

老师在讲台上讲得唾沫横飞，我在下面听得云里雾里。

有一次做作业，碰到一道题：“＿____ by the teacher, the boy felt ashamed” 选项有 A Scolded BScolding C To scold D Having scolded 。

我瞅了半天，心里那个纠结啊，感觉每个选项都好像对又好像不对。

最后一咬牙，选了个 B，结果当然是错得一塌糊涂。

老师把我叫到办公室，耐心地给我讲解：“这道题是过去分词作状语，表示被动，被老师批评，所以应该选 A 呀。

高考英语-分词作状语(共24张PPT)

高考英语-分词作状语(共24张PPT)


1.The secretary worked late into the night, _B____a long speech for the president.
A. To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 现在分词作伴随状语
2.European football is played in 80 countries, ___A___ it the most popular sport in the world.
(As I thought he might be at home, I called him.)
3)表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语的分 词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，或是 与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或 是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补 充说明。
Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.
(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)
他们笑着谈着走进了教室。 _L_a_u_g_h_i_n_g_a_n_d__t_a_lk_i_n_g, they went into the classroom. 他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall.(＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)
extra pay.
working
3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find
the city more beautiful. Seeing
4. Generally speak, facial expressions are
英语分词作状语所表示的多种关系分析

英语分词作状语所表示的多种关系分析

英语分词作状语所表示的多种关系分析分词作状语可以用来表示时间、条件、方式、原因、结果（补充说明）、让步、伴随。

分词作状语时相当于状语从句，通常放在句首，并且用逗号隔开。

其逻辑主语也要与句子的主语保持一致，一个句子用什么的分词作状语，取决于分词和句子主语的关系。

分词作状语有三个特性，分别是时间性、语态性和人称一致性。

首先时间性，如果与谓语动词同时发生或几乎同时发生，用一般式；如果发生在谓语动作之前时，则用完成时。

第二语态性，即与句子的主语之间的关系，如果是是主谓关系, 用主动形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。

第三人称一致性，如果人称一致，则省略逻辑其主语；如果不一致，则用独立主格。

今天重点解说分词（短语）作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、方式、结果、目的、条件、让步、伴随情况等关系。

分词状语的位置比较灵活.可以置于句首、句中，或句末，有时用逗号分开，也可不用逗号。

Q）表时间：Having finished the work , Tom went out for play.做完工作后，汤姆出去玩了。

Heated, liquids can be changed into gases. 含有宾语从句的主句的谓语动词为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, guess , fancy等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句原本含义一致。

（请注意是从句原本含义）如：I don' t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?我认为那个人不是吉姆所杀的，是不是？（否定转移时）We think that English is very useful, isn' t it?我们认为英语很有用，不是吗？（没有否定转移时）I think that he has done his best, hasn z t he?我认为他已经尽力了，不是吗？I don' t think that you can do it, can you?我认为你不能做这个事情，是吗？We don' t believe that the news is true, is it?我们相信那条新闻是真实的，是吗？I suppose that he' s serious, isn' t he?我认为他是认真的，不是吗？I don' t think she cares, does she?我认为她是不在乎的，是吗？但是，当反义疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称+think（believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, guess , fancy）+that 从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语不出一致：（其规则其实可以合并到下面规律中）He don' t think that the news was true, did he?他不认为那条新闻是真实的，是吗？They all think that English is very important, don' t they?他们都认为英语很重要，不是吗？实际上其他情况的含有宾语从句的反义疑问句其问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致：（即其他情况下当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。

现在分词作状语英语

现在分词作状语英语

英语现在分词作状语现在分词具有动词的一些特征，所以现在分词也有时态与语态的变化，同时它又具有形容词和副词的句法功能，所以分词在句中可以充当表语、定语、补语与状语的功能作用。

(一）现在分词的形式（以动词do为例）（二）作状语1)表时间(When) Crossing the street, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework,he went out for a walk.2）表原因Not knowing Chinese, he couldn’t understand what I said.3）表条件(If ) Working hard, you will be successful some day.4）表让步(Though) working hard, he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5）表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking6）结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.（三）与状语从句互换分词作状语当表时间、原因、条件、让步时可以与状语从句互换（分词作状语就相当于一个状语从句）1）表时间Crossing the street（=When the old man was crossing）, the old man was run over by a car.Having done his homework(After he had done his homework ),he went out for a walk.2）表原因Not knowing Chinese(=Because he didn’t know Chinese ), he couldn’t understand what I said.3）表条件Working hard( If you work hard ), you will be successful some day.4）表让步Working hard (Though he worked hard) , he didn’t obtain the scholarship.5）表方式或伴随状态They went to the nature park, singing and talking （不好互换）6）表结果The boy dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces. （不好互换）注意问题：1.要熟练掌握现在分词的四种表达形式。